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Investigation of formaldehyde sources and its relative emission intensity in shipping channel environment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 142-154页

作者： Jiaqi Liu shanshan Wang Yan Zhang Yuhao Yan Jian zhu Sanbao Zhang Tianyu Wang Yibing Tan Bin Zhou Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Institute of Eco-Chongming(IEC) No.20 Cuiniao RoadShanghai 202162China Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Institute of Digitalized Sustainable Transformation Big Data InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Formaldehyde(HCHO)is considered one of the most abundant gas-phase carbonyl compounds in the atmosphere,which can be directly emitted through transportation sources.Long-Path Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy(LP-DOAS)was used to observe HCHO in the river channel of Wusong Wharf in Shanghai,China for the whole year of 2019.Due to the impact of ship activity,the annual average HCHO level in the channel is about2.5 times higher than that in the nearby campus environment.To explain the sources of HCHO under different meteorological conditions,the tracer-pair of CO and O_(x)(NO_(2)+O_(3))was used on the clustered air masses.The results of the source appointment show that primary,secondary and background account for 24.14%(3.34±1.19 ppbv),44.78%(6.20±2.04ppbv)and 31.09%(4.31±2.33 ppbv)of the HCHO in the channel when the air masses were from the mixed direction of the city and channel,respectively.By performing background station subtraction at times of high primary HCHO values and resolving the plume peaks,directly emitted HCHO/NO_(2)in the channel environment and plume were determined to be mainly distributed between 0.2 and 0.3.General cargo ships with higher sailing speeds or main engine powers tend to have higher HCHO/NO_(2)levels.With the knowledge of NO_(2)(or NO_(x))emission levels from ships,this study may provide data support for the establishment of HCHO emission factors.

关键词： HCHO LP-DOAS Channel environment Ship emissions

Rational design of new in situ reduction of Ni(II)catalytic system for low-cost and large-scale preparation of porous aromatic frameworks

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Carbon Energy 2024年第5期6卷 105-113页

作者： shanshan Wang Yue Wu Wenxiang Zhang Hao Ren Guangshan zhu Heping Ma School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchunChina College of Chemistry Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina

Porous aromatic framework 1(PAF-1)is an extremely representative nanoporous organic framework owing to its high stability and exceptionally high surface area.Currently,the synthesis of PAF-1 is catalyzed by the Ni(COD)2/COD/bpy system,suffering from great instability and high cost.Herein,we developed an in situ reduction of the Ni(II)catalytic system to synthesize PAF-1 in low cost and high yield.The active Ni(0)species produced from the NiCl_(2)/bpy/NaI/Mg catalyst system can effectively catalyze homocoupling of tetrakis(4-bromophenyl)methane at the room temperature to form PAF-1 with high Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)-specific surface area up to 4948 m^(2) g^(−1)(Langmuir surface area,6785 m2 g−1).The possible halogen exchange and dehalogenation coupling mechanisms for this new catalytic process in PAF's synthesis are discussed in detail.The efficiency and universality of this innovative catalyst system have also been demonstrated in other PAFs'synthesis.This work provides a cheap,facile,and efficient method for scalable synthesis of PAFs and explores their application for high-pressure storage of Xe and Kr.

关键词： adsorption carbon material nickel catalysis porous aromatic framework porous organic polymer

A new portable open-path instrument for ambient NH_(3) and on-road emission measurements

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 606-614页

作者： Wenhao Dai shanshan Wang Sanbao Zhang Jian zhu Chuanqi Gu Zhibin Sun Ruibin Xue Bin Zhou Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Institute of Eco-Chongming(IEC) Shanghai 202162China Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Increased attentions to vehicle emission of NH_(3)have been paid since it is generally regarded as an important source in urban areas.Here,we developed a movable instrument based on Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy(DOAS)principle for detecting on-road NH_(3),which can avoid the losses in the sampling process attributed to the non-sampling methods.For this mobile DOAS,the temporal resolution,detection limit and relative error for NH_(3)were 1 min,2.29 ppbv and 4.57%±2.44%,respectively.By employed to the on-road measurements along the arterial highway in Shanghai,the spatial distributions of NH_(3)and NO were obtained,and their dependence of traffic and road conditions were studied.The slopes of linear regression between NH_(3)and NO were 0.40,0.02 and 0.07 on the Middle Ring Road,Outer Ring Road and Chongming Island Ring Road.It indicates that light gasoline vehicles(LGVs)were found to be the main contributor to NH_(3)emissions,while heavy-duty diesel vehicles(HDVs)mainly emitted NO.Based on the measured NH_(3)in the tunnel,the mileagebased NH_(3)emission factor per vehicle was estimated to be 17.9±6.3 mg/km.The reported open-path instrument can be broadly used in on-road pollutant monitoring or vehicle emissions,and the measurements can reveal the real situation of emission characteristics,even find the abnormal operations of vehicle catalyst system.

关键词： Ammonia Traffic emissions DOAS Emission factor Mobile measurements

Whole-Process People's Democracy Promotes Human Rights

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China News Release 2024年第3期 30-33页

作者： zhu shanshan the Institute for Human Rights of Southeast University

Democracy and human rights are intricately intertwined.A society’s inability to furnish avenues for public expression and inclusion in political decision-making renders political participation unattainable for its populace.It is evident that the extent of democratic realization directly impacts the trajectory of human rights development.

关键词： Whole development render

Microbially-mediated formation of Ca-Fe carbonates during dissimilatory ferrihydrite reduction:Implications for the origin of sedimentary ankerite

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 208-221页

作者： Deng LIU Jinpeng CAO shanshan YANG Yating YIN Pengcong WANG Dominic PAPINEAU Hongmei WANG Xuan QIU Genming LUO Zongmin zhu Fengping WANG State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of Environmental Studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China London Centre for Nanotechnology University College LondonLondon WC1H 0AHUK Department of Earth Sciences University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK Center for Planetary Sciences University College London and Birkbeck College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism State Key Laboratory of Ocean EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The origin of sedimentary dolomite has become a long-standing problem in the Earth Sciences.Some carbonate minerals like ankerite have the same crystal structure as dolomite,hence their genesis may provide clues to help solving the dolomite problem.The purpose of this study was to probe whether microbial activity can be involved in the formation of ankerite.Bio-carbonation experiments associated with microbial iron reduction were performed in batch systems with various concentrations of Ca^(2+)(0–20 mmol/L),with a marine iron-reducing bacterium Shewanella piezotolerans WP3 as the reaction mediator,and with lactate and ferrihydrite as the respective electron donor and acceptor.Our biomineralization data showed that Ca-amendments expedited microbially-mediated ferrihydrite reduction by enhancing the adhesion between WP3 cells and ferrihydrite particles.After bioreduction,siderite occurred as the principal secondary mineral in the Ca-free systems.Instead,Ca-Fe carbonates were formed when Ca^(2+)ions were present.The CaCO_(3) content of microbially-induced Ca-Fe carbonates was positively correlated with the initial Ca2+concentration.The Ca-Fe carbonate phase produced in the 20 mmol/L Ca-amended biosystems had a chemical formula of Ca_(0.8)Fe_(1.2)(CO_(3))_(2),which is close to the theoretical composition of ankerite.This ankeritelike phase was nanometric in size and spherical,Ca-Fe disordered,and structurally defective.Our simulated diagenesis experiments further demonstrated that the resulting ankerite-like phase could be converted into ordered ankerite under hydrothermal conditions.We introduced the term“proto-ankerite”to define the Ca-Fe phases that possess near-ankerite stoichiometry but disordered cation arrangement.On the basis of the present study,we proposed herein that microbial activity is an important contributor to the genesis of sedimentary ankerite by providing the metastable Ca-Fe carbonate precursors.

关键词： Ankerite Proto-ankerite Microbial iron reduction Dolomite problem Mineral transformation

Hierarchical cobalt-molybdenum layered double hydroxide arrays power efficient oxygen evolution reaction

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5080-5086页

作者： Xinyi zhu Jiahui Lyu shanshan Wang Xingchuan Li Xiaoyu Wei Cheng Chen Wanida Kooamornpattana Francis Verpoort Jinsong Wu Zongkui Kou State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Sanya Science and Education Innovation Park of Wuhan University of Technology Sanya 572000China Nanostructure Research Center Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringMahidol UniversityNakhon Pathom 73170Thailand

Transition metal-based layered double hydroxides(LDHs)have been capable of working efficiently as catalysts in the basic oxygen evolution reaction(OER)for sustaining hydrogen production of alkaline water electrolysis.Nevertheless,exploring new LDH-based electrocatalysts featuring both remarkable activity and good stability is still in high demand,which is pivotal for comprehensive understanding and impressive improvement of the sluggish OER kinetics.Here,a series of bimetallic(Co and Mo)LDH arrays were designed and fabricated via a facile and controlled strategy by incorporating a Mo source into presynthesized Co-based metal-organic framework(MOF)arrays on carbon cloth(CC),named as ZIF-67/CC arrays.We found that tuning the Mo content resulted in gradual differences in the structural properties,surface morphology,and chemical states of the resulting catalysts,namely CoMox-LDH/CC(x representing the added weight of the Mo source).Gratifyingly,the best-performing CoMo_(0.20)-LDH/CC electrocatalyst demonstrates a low overpotential of only 226 mV and high stability at a current density of 10 mA·cm^(−2),which is superior to most LDH-based OER catalysts reported previously.Furthermore,it only required 1.611 V voltage to drive the overall water splitting device at the current density of 10 mA·cm^(−2).The present study represents a significant advancement in the development and applications of new OER catalysts.

关键词： layered double hydroxides(LDHs) metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) array catalysts Mo modification electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction(OER)

Photocatalytic seawater splitting by 2D heterostructure of ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/WO_(3) decorated with plasmonic Au for hydrogen evolution under visible light

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 55-63,I0003页

作者： Huiqin An Yanjun Wang Xing Xiao Jiaxin Liu Zhiyao Ma Tianxin Gao Wanyu Hong Lizhi Zhao Hong Wang Qingjun zhu shanshan Chen Zhen Yin School of Chemistry Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY 15738 ZeuthenGermany Schoolof Materials Science and Engineering & National Institutefor Advanced Materials Nankai University Tianjin300350 China College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Tianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin 300457China

Photocatalytic H_(2) evolution from seawater splitting presents a promising approach to tackle the fossil energy crisis and mitigate carbon emission due to the abundant source of seawater and sunlight on the earth.However,the development of efficient photocatalysts for seawater splitting remains a formidable challenge.Herein,a 2D/2D ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/WO_(3)(ZIS/WO_(3))heterojunction nanostructure is fabricated to efficiently separate the photoinduced carriers by steering electron transfer from the conduction band minimum of WO_(3) to the valence band maximum of ZIS via constructing internal electric field.Subsequently,plasmonic Au nanoparticles(NPs)as a novel photosensitizer and a reduction cocatalyst are anchored on ZIS/WO_(3) surface to further enhance the optical absorption of ZIS/WO_(3) heterojunction and accelerate the catalytic conversion.The obtained Au/ZIS/WO_(3) photocatalyst exhibits an outstanding H_(2) evolution rate of 2610.6 or 3566.3μmol g^(-1)h~(-1)from seawater splitting under visible or full-spectrum light irradiation,respectively.These rates represent an impressive increase of approximately 7.3-and 6,6-fold compared to those of ZIS under the illumination of the same light source.The unique 2D/2D structure,internal electric field,and plasmonic metal modification together boost the photocatalytic H_(2) evolution rate of Au/ZIS/WO_(3),making it even comparable to H_(2) evolution from pure water splitting.The present work sheds light on the development of efficient photocatalysts for seawater splitting.

关键词： Photocatalytic seawater splitting 2D/2D ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/WO_(3) Surface plasmon resonance effect Interfacial electric field

Nerve function restoration following targeted muscle reinnervation after varying delayed periods

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第12期18卷 2762-2766页

作者： Yuanheng Li Jiangping Huang Yuling Chen shanshan zhu Zhen Huang Lin Yang Guanglin Li Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems and Branch of Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Yibin Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineYibinSichuan ProvinceChina

Targeted muscle reinnervation has been proposed for reconstruction of neuromuscular function in amputees.However,it is unknown whether performing delayed targeted muscle reinnervation after nerve injury will affect restoration of function.In this rat nerve injury study,the median and musculocutaneous nerves of the forelimb were transected.The proximal median nerve stump was sutured to the distal musculocutaneous nerve stump immediately and 2 and 4 weeks after surgery to reinnervate the biceps brachii.After targeted muscle reinnervation,intramuscular myoelectric signals from the biceps brachii were recorded.Signal amplitude gradually increased with time.Biceps brachii myoelectric signals and muscle fiber morphology and grooming behavior did not significantly differ among rats subjected to delayed target muscle innervation for different periods.Targeted muscle reinnervation delayed for 4 weeks can acquire the same nerve function restoration effect as that of immediate reinnervation.

关键词： biceps brachii delayed nerve repair delayed targeted muscle reinnervation functional reconstruction grooming test implanted electrode intramuscular myoelectric signals median nerve motor function nerve transfer

Ochratoxin A induces abnormal tryptophan metabolism in the intestine and liver to activate AMPK signaling pathway

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第6期14卷 2674-2685页

作者： Weiqing Ma Yang Fu shanshan zhu Daiyang Xia Shuangshuang Zhai Deqin Xiao Yongwen zhu Michel Dione Lukuyu Ben Lin Yang Wence Wang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation College of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China. School of Marine Sciences Sun Yat-Sen Universityand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China. College of Animal Science YangtzeUniversityJingzhou 434025China.4 College of Mathematics and Informatics South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China. Int Livestock Res Inst 24265 DakarSenegal. Int Livestock Res Inst Nairobi 00100Kenya

Background Ochratoxin A(OTA)is a mycotoxin widely present in raw food and feed materials and is mainly pro-duced by Aspergillus ochraceus and Penicillium verrucosum.Our previous study showed that OTA principally induces liver inflammation by causing intestinal flora disorder,especially Bacteroides plebeius(B.plebeius)overgrowth.However,whether OTA or B.plebeius alteration leads to abnormal tryptophan-related metabolism in the intestine and liver is largely unknown.This study aimed to elucidate the metabolic changes in the intestine and liver induced by OTA and the tryptophan-related metabolic pathway in the liver.Materials and methods A total of 30 healthy 1-day-old male Cherry Valley ducks were randomly divided into 2 groups.The control group was given 0.1 mol/L NaHCO3 solution,and the OTA group was given 235μg/kg body weight OTA for 14 consecutive days.Tryptophan metabolites were determined by intestinal chyme metabolomics and liver tryptophan-targeted metabolomics.AMPK-related signaling pathway factors were analyzed by Western blot-ting and mRNA expression.Results Metabolomic analysis of the intestinal chyme showed that OTA treatment resulted in a decrease in intesti-nal nicotinuric acid levels,the downstream product of tryptophan metabolism,which were significantly negatively correlated with B.plebeius abundance.In contrast,OTA induced a significant increase in indole-3-acetamide levels,which were positively correlated with B.plebeius abundance.Simultaneously,OTA decreased the levels of ATP,NAD+and dipeptidase in the liver.Liver tryptophan metabolomics analysis showed that OTA inhibited the kynurenine metabolic pathway and reduced the levels of kynurenine,anthranilic acid and nicotinic acid.Moreover,OTA increased the phosphorylation of AMPK protein and decreased the phosphorylation of mTOR protein.Conclusion OTA decreased the level of nicotinuric acid in the intestinal tract,which was negatively correlated with B.plebeius abundance.The abnormal metabolism of tryptophan led to a deficiency of NAD+and ATP in th

关键词： AMPK Metabolomics Ochratoxin A Tryptophan metabolism