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An Improved Robust Sparse Convex Clustering

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2023年第6期28卷 989-998页

作者： Jinyao Ma Haibin Zhang Shanshan Yang Jiaojiao Jiang Gaidi Li Beijing Institute for Scientific and Engineering Computing Faculty of ScienceBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China School of Computer Science and Engineering University of New South WalesSydney 2052Australia

Convex clustering,turning clustering into a convex optimization problem,has drawn wide attention.It overcomes the shortcomings of traditional clustering methods such as K-means,Density-Based Spatial Clustring of Applications with Noise(DBSCAN)and hierarchical clustering that can easily fall into the local optimal solution.However,convex clustering is vulnerable to the occurrence of outlier features,as it uses the Frobenius norm to measure the distance between data points and their corresponding cluster centers and evaluate clusters.To accurately identify outlier features,this paper decomposes data into a clustering structure component and a normalized component that captures outlier features.Different from existing convex clustering evaluating features with the exact measurement,the proposed model can overcome the vast difference in the magnitude of different features and the outlier features can be efficiently identified and removed.To solve the proposed model,we design an efficient algorithm and prove the global convergence of the algorithm.Experiments on both synthetic datasets and UCI datasets demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the compared approaches in convex clustering.

关键词： convex clustering outlier features block coordinate descent Newton’s method

Indoor distribution and personal exposure of cooking-generated PM2.5 in rural residences of China:A multizone model study

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建筑模拟(英文) 2023年第8期16卷 1299-1315页

作者： shanshan Shi Junling yang Yushu Liang School of Architecture and Urban Planning Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu Province 210093China

The fine particulate matter(PM2.5)emitted during cooking is a significant contributor to household air pollution in rural China,resulting in millions of premature deaths annually.Since cooking is an internal pollution source,the indoor concentration of cooking-generated PM2.5 can vary among different rooms in multizone rural residences.This study provides a comprehensive understanding of indoor PM2.5 from cooking in rural residences by utilizing on-site investigations to gather information on cooking behavior and dwelling layout in three Chinese villages,and subsequently simulating indoor spatiotemporal concentrations of cooking-generated PM2.5 using a multizone model.Our findings indicate that the type of zone significantly influences the zonal concentration of PM2.5,with the highest concentrations found in kitchens(i.e.,13.9 to 188.0μg/m3)and lowest in non-adjacent zones to the kitchen(i.e.,0.01 to 7.5μg/m3)among all the modeled conditions.More importantly,the study also assesses the resulting personal exposures for occupants with different time-spent patterns,revealing that the main cook at home and preferring to stay in the adjacent rooms to the kitchen are at the highest risk for personal exposure.The highest personal exposure levels of cooking-generated PM2.5 are 28.5±30.1μg/m3,which is 34 times that of occupants who stay away from the kitchen.The study provides a deeper scientific insight into the indoor spatial distribution and personal exposure to cooking-generated PM2.5 in rural residences,which is crucial for developing effective interventions to mitigate the detrimental health impacts of household air pollution in rural areas.

关键词： cooking PM2.5 rural residence multizonemodel personal exposure

Multidrug dissolvable microneedle patch for the treatment of recurrent oral ulcer

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2023年第3期6卷 255-267页

作者： Yuqiong Wang An’an Sheng Xinran Jiang Shanshan Yang Long Lin Mingzhu yang Fengshuo Zhu Yongyan Hu Jian Li Lingqian Chang Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Stomatology Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361000China Institute of Plastic Machinery and Plastic Engineering School of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Department of Biochemistry Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai 200011China Laboratory Animal Facility Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China

Recurrent oral ulcer is a painful oral mucosal disorder that affects 20%of the world’s population.The lack of a radical cure due to its unknown underlying cause calls for innovative symptomatic treatments.This work reports a hyaluronic acid-based dissolvablemicroneedle patch(ROUMNpatch,short for recurrent oral ulcer microneedle)loaded with dexamethasone acetate,vitamin C and tetracaine hydrochloride for the treatment of recurrent oral ulcers.The ROUMN patch shows enhancement in both the anti-inflammatory effect elicited by dexamethasone and the pro-proliferation effect of vitamin C.In vitro experiments show that ROUMN has a higher efficiency in suppressing lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced interleukin-6(IL-6)expression than dexamethasone alone.Cell proliferation and migrationwere also significantly promoted byROUMNcompared to vitamin C alone.The healing-promoting effect of ROUMN was also verified in vivo using an acetic acid-cauterized oral ulcer model in rats.ROUMN as a treatment accelerated the healing process of oral ulcers,shortening the total healing time to 5 days compared with the 7 days required by treatment using watermelon frost,a commonly used over-the-counter(OTC)drug for oral ulcers.The rapid dissolution of the hyaluronic acid-based microneedles and the superior healing-promoting effect of the drug combination could lead to a broad application prospect of the ROUMN patch in the treatment of recurrent oral ulcers.

关键词： Recurrent oral ulcer Dissolvable microneedle Hyaluronic acid microneedle Multidrug Anti-inflammation Healing promoting effect

FaSRnet:a feature and semantics refinement network for human pose estimation

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2024年第4期25卷 513-526页

作者： Yuanhong ZHONG Qianfeng XU Daidi ZHONG Xun yang shanshan WANG School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Bioengineering College of Chongqing University Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China School of Information Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230039China Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefei 230039China

Due to factors such as motion blur,video out-of-focus,and occlusion,multi-frame human pose estimation is a challenging task.Exploiting temporal consistency between consecutive frames is an efficient approach for addressing this issue.Currently,most methods explore temporal consistency through refinements of the final heatmaps.The heatmaps contain the semantics information of key points,and can improve the detection quality to a certain extent.However,they are generated by features,and feature-level refinements are rarely considered.In this paper,we propose a human pose estimation framework with refinements at the feature and semantics levels.We align auxiliary features with the features of the current frame to reduce the loss caused by different feature distributions.An attention mechanism is then used to fuse auxiliary features with current features.In terms of semantics,we use the difference information between adjacent heatmaps as auxiliary features to refine the current heatmaps.The method is validated on the large-scale benchmark datasets PoseTrack2017 and PoseTrack2018,and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.

关键词： Human pose estimation Multi-frame refinement Heatmap and offset estimation Feature alignment Multi-person

Statistical regression modeling for energy consumption in wastewater treatment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第1期31卷 201-208页

作者： yang Yu Zhihong Zou shanshan Wang School of Economics and Management Beihang University Beijing Key Laboratory of Emergence Support Simulation Technologies for City Operations

Wastewater treatment is one of critical issues faced by water utilities, and receives more and more attentions recently. The energy consumption modeling in biochemical wastewater treatment was investigated in the study via a general and robust approach based on Bayesian semi-parametric quantile regression. The dataset was derived from a municipal wastewater treatment plant, where the energy consumption of unit chemical oxygen demand(COD) reduction was the response variable of interest. Via the proposed approach,the comprehensive regression pictures of the energy consumption and truly influencing factors, i.e., the regression relationships at lower, median and higher energy consumption levels were characterized respectively. Meanwhile, the proposals for energy saving in different cases were also facilitated specifically. First, the lower level of energy consumption was closely associated with the temperature of influent wastewater, and the chroma-rich wastewater also showed helpful in the execution of energy saving. Second, at median energy consumption level, the COD-rich wastewater played a determinative role in the reduction of energy consumption, while the higher quality of treated water led to slightly energy intensive. Third, the higher level of energy consumption was most likely to be attributed to the relatively high temperature of wastewater and total nitrogen(TN)-rich wastewater,and both of the factors were preferably to be avoided to alleviate the burden of energy consumption. The study provided an efficient approach to controlling the energy consumption of wastewater treatment in the perspective of statistical regression modeling, and offered valuable suggestions for the future energy saving.

关键词： Energy consumption modeling Wastewater treatment Semi-parametric model Bayesian quantile regression

Single-nucleus transcriptomics reveals a gatekeeper role for FoxP1 in primate cardiac aging

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Protein & Cell 2023年第4期14卷 279-293页

作者： Yiyuan Zhang Yandong Zheng Si Wang Yanling Fan Yanxia Ye Yaobin Jing Zunpeng Liu Shanshan Yang Muzhao Xiong Kuan yang Jinghao Hu shanshan Che Qun Chu Moshi Song Guang-Hui Liu Weiqi Zhang Shuai Ma Jing Qu National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules CAS Center for Excellence in BiomacromoleculesInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 10o101China State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing 100101China CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China China National Center for Bioinformation Beijing 100101China Aging Translational Medicine Center Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DisordersXuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China The Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing Chongqing 400062China Sino-Danish College University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China

Aging poses a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases,the leading cause of death in the aged population.However,the cell type-specific changes underlying cardiac aging are far from being clear.Here,we performed single-nucleus RNA-sequencing analysis of left ventricles from young and aged cynomolgus monkeys to define cell composition changes and transcriptomic alterations across different cell types associated with age.We found that aged cardiomyocytes underwent a dramatic loss in cell numbers and profound fluctuations in transcriptional profles.Via transcription regulatory network analysis,we identified FOxP1,a core transcription factor in organ development,as a key downregulated factor in aged cardiomyocytes,concomitant with the dysregulation of FoxP1 target genes associated with heart function and cardiac diseases.Consistently,the deficiency of FOxP1 led to hypertrophic and senescent phenotypes in human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes.Altogether,our findings depict the celiular and molecular landscape of ventricular aging at the single-cell resolution,and identify drivers for primate cardiac aging and potential targets for intervention against cardiac aging and associated diseases.

关键词： single-nucleus RNA-sequencing primate aging FOxP1 cardiomyocyte

Nuclear factor-Y mediates pancreatic β-cell compensation by repressing reactive oxygen species-induced apoptosis under metabolic stress

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Chinese Medical Journal 2023年第8期136卷 922-932页

作者： Siyuan He Xiaoqian Yu Daxin Cui Yin Liu Shanshan Yang Hongmei Zhang Wanxin Hu Zhiguang Su Molecular Medicine Research Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics West China Hospitaland State Key Laboratory of BiotherapySichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Clinical Translational Innovation Center West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China

Background:Pancreaticβ-cells elevate insulin production and secretion through a compensatory mechanism to override insulin resistance under metabolic stress conditions.Deficits inβ-cell compensatory capacity result in hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes(T2D).However,the mechanism in the regulation ofβ-cell compensative capacity remains elusive.Nuclear factor-Y(NF-Y)is critical for pancreatic islets’homeostasis under physiological conditions,but its role inβ-cell compensatory response to insulin resistance in obesity is unclear.Methods:In this study,using obese(ob/ob)mice with an absence of NF-Y subunit A(NF-YA)inβ-cells(ob,Nf-yaβKO)as well as rat insulinoma cell line(INS1)-based models,we determined whether NF-Y-mediated apoptosis makes an essential contribution toβ-cell compensation upon metabolic stress.Results:Obese animals had markedly augmented NF-Y expression in pancreatic islets.Deletion ofβ-cell Nf-ya in obese mice worsened glucose intolerance and resulted inβ-cell dysfunction,which was attributable to augmentedβ-cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species(ROS).Furthermore,primary pancreatic islets from Nf-yaβKO mice were sensitive to palmitate-inducedβ-cell apoptosis due to mitochondrial impairment and the attenuated antioxidant response,which resulted in the aggravation of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK)and cleaved caspase-3.These detrimental effects were completely relieved by ROS scavenger.Ultimately,forced overexpression of NF-Y in INS1β-cell line could rescue palmitate-inducedβ-cell apoptosis,dysfunction,and mitochondrial impairment.Conclusion:Pancreatic NF-Y might be an essential regulator ofβ-cell compensation under metabolic stress.

关键词： Nuclear factor-Y β-cell compensation Apoptosis Mitochondria Oxidative stress Obesity Lipotoxicity

Ligand engineering of perovskite quantum dots for efficient and stable solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第6期31卷 626-648,I0018页

作者： shanshan Ding Mengmeng Hao Tongen Lin yang Bai Lianzhou Wang School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

Lead halide perovskite quantum dots(PQDs) have recently emerged as promising light absorbers for photovoltaic application due to their extraordinary optoelectronic properties. Surface ligands are of utmost importance for the colloidal stability and property tuning of PQDs, while their highly dynamic binding nature not only impedes further efficiency improvement of PQD-based solar cells but also induces intrinsic instability. Tremendous efforts have been made in ligand engineering with good hopes to solve such challenging issues in the past few years. In this review, we first present a fundamental understanding of the role of surface ligands in PQDs, followed by a brief discussion and classification of various ligands that have the potential for improving the electronic coupling and stability of PQD solids. We then provide a critical overview of recent advances in ligand engineering including the strategies of in-situ ligand engineering, postsynthesis/-deposition ligand-exchange, and interfacial engineering, and discuss their impacts on changing the efficiency and stability of perovskite QD solar cells(QDSCs). Finally, we give our perspectives on the future directions of ligand engineering towards more efficient and stable perovskite QDSCs.

关键词： Perovskite quantum dots Ligand engineering Defect passivation Solar cells Stability

Influence of interactions between chromium and cerium on catalytic performances of CrO_x–CeO_2/Ti-PILC catalysts for deep oxidation of n-butylamine

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第31期59卷 3987-3992页

作者： Shanshan Yang Qinqin Huang Renxian Zhou Institute of Catalysis Zhejiang University

A series of CrOx–CeO2/Ti-PILC(PILC is pillared interlayered clay)catalysts for n-butylamine oxidation were prepared using an impregnation method,and the structures,surface acidity distributions,and redox properties of the catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,transmission electron microscopy,H2temperature-programmed reduction,and NH3temperature-programmed desorption.The results show that addition of an appropriate amount of CeO2enhances the interactions between Cr and Ce,and this increases the acid strength and mobility of active oxygen species on the catalyst.8CrCe(6:1)/Ti-PILC(12,20)exhibits the best catalytic performance and control of NOxin n-butylamine oxidation.

关键词：失活催化剂相互作用氧化铈催化性能深度氧化 X射线光电子能谱法正丁胺透射电子显微镜