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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第9期37卷 1467-1479页

作者： Yakui Chen Shitong Wei Dong Wu shanping Lu Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang110016China CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China

The high Si-bearing 15Cr-9Ni-Nb metastable austenitic stainless steel weld metal was prepared via gas tungsten arc welding and then processed by stabilized heat treatment(SHT)at 850℃ for 3 *** effects of 550℃ aging on the α'-martensitic transformation of the as-welded and the SHT weld metals were *** results showed that the weld metal had poor thermal stability of *** precipitation of NbC during the 850℃ SHT made the thermal stability of the local matrix decrease and led to the formation of a large amount of C-depleted α'-*** precipitation of coarse σ-phase at the δ-ferrite led to the Cr-depleted zone and the formation of Cr-depleted α'-martensite at the early stage of 550℃ *** homogenized diffusion of C and Cr in the matrix during 550℃ aging led to the restoration of austenitic thermal stability and the decrease of α'-martensite *** C-depleted α'-martensite content in the SHT weld metal decreased rapidly at the early stage of aging due to the fast diffusion rate of the C atom in the matrix,while the Cr-depleted α'-martensite decreased at the later stage of aging due to the decreased diffusion rate of the Cr.

关键词： Metastable austenitic stainless steel weld metal α'-martensitic transformation δ-ferrite σ-phase

Active MoS_(2)-based electrode for green ammonia synthesis

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期65卷 268-275页

作者： Xin Liu Lei Yang Tao Wei shanping Liu Beibei Xiao School of Energy and Power Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China Institute Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR-5253Universite de MontpellierCNRSENSCMPlace E.Bataillon34095 Montpellier Cedex 05France

Nitrogen electro-reduction under mild conditions is one promising alternative approach of the energyconsuming Haber-Bosch process for the artificial ammonia *** critical aspect to unlocking this technology is to discover the catalysts with high selectivity and *** this work,the N_(2)-to-NH_(3)conversion on the functional MoS_(2)is fully investigated by density functional theory calculations since the layered MoS_(2)provides the ideal platform for the elaborating copies of the nitrogenase found in nature,wherein the functionalization is achieved via basal-adsorption,basal-substitution or edge-substitution of transition metal *** results reveal that the edge-functionalization is a feasible strategy for the activity promotion;however,the basal-adsorption and basal-substitution separately suffer from the electrochemical instability and the NRR ***,MoS_(2)functionalized via edge W-substitution exhibits an exceptional *** energetically favored reaction pathway is through the distal pathway and a limiting potential is less than 0.20 ***,this work escalates the rational design of the high-effective catalysts for nitrogen fixation and provides the explanation why the predicated catalyst have a good performance,paving the guidance for the experiments.

关键词： Nitrogen reduction reaction Density functional theory calculations Molybdenum disulfide Electrochemistry Catalyst Thermodynamics

Metal-Free Synthesis of 2-Aminobenzothiazoles via I2-Catalyzed Tandem Cyclization Reaction of Amines and Carbon Disulfide

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第8期42卷 846-852页

作者： Ting Chen Wei Feng Ruitong Yang shanping Chen Guo-Jun Deng Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistryXiangtan UniversityXiangtanHunan411105 China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal UniversityXinxiangHunan453007 China

Comprehensive Summary,A convenient approach for the construction of 2-aminobenzothiazoles via I2-catalyzed tandem cyclization reaction of amines and carbon disulfide has been *** present approach starts from simple and readily available starting materials,affording a series of 2-aminobenzothiazoles in up to 89%yields under metal-free *** this work,C—H/N—H functionalization was achieved and multiple C-hetero bonds were successfully constructed in one pot.

关键词： Sulfur heterocycles C-H functionalization Cyclization Tandem reaction Transition-metal-free Amines lodine N-Heterocycles

Chemoselective synthesis of α-carboline derivatives via hypervalent iodine-catalyzed [3+3] annulation under metal-free conditions

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Green Synthesis and Catalysis 2024年第2期5卷 112-116页

作者： Shuowen Wang Rong Li shanping Chen Guojiang Mao Wen Shao Guo-Jun Deng Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistryXiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China Department School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007China

A strategy for the synthesis ofα-carboline derivatives from indole-3-carboxaldehydes and 3-aminocyclohex-2-enones under metal-free conditions has been *** combination use of phenyliodine(Ⅲ)diacetate(PIDA)and benzoic acid could significantly facilitate the corresponding[3+3]annulation *** newly developed strategy featured unextraordinary chemoselectivity,good functional group tolerance and the preservation of the carbonyl group of the ketone substrates,which offers the possibility for further transformation of the products.

关键词： Hypervalent iodine-catalysis Annulation Metal-free α-Carboline Chemoselectivity

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论收养关系的解除及其法律后果

法治研究 2024年第3期153卷 100-114页

作者：李姗萍上海政法学院上海司法研究所

《民法典》关于收养关系解除的规则基本上沿袭《收养法》,面对现实复杂情形仍存在供给不足的问题。现行法关于被收养人成年后可与收养人合意解除收养关系的规定,具有正当性。但在被收养人成年之前,收养人原则上不得解除收养关系的规定... 详细信息

《民法典》关于收养关系解除的规则基本上沿袭《收养法》,面对现实复杂情形仍存在供给不足的问题。现行法关于被收养人成年后可与收养人合意解除收养关系的规定,具有正当性。但在被收养人成年之前,收养人原则上不得解除收养关系的规定存在局限性。在送养人根本违约导致收养关系事实上无法存续的场合,应当赋予收养人参照《民法典》第563条第1款解除收养关系的权利。此外,当事人亦可主张基于重大事由的收养关系终止。但收养关系当事人不享有任意解除权,也不得援引情事变更规则。收养关系解除的法律后果涉及身份及财产两个方面。就身份关系而言,成年的被收养人与生父母及其他亲属之间的身份关系须协商确定,双方协商的形式不限于书面,只要存在能够证明恢复身份关系的事实即可。就财产关系而言,成年养子女应承担生活费给付义务,有虐待遗弃行为的还应额外承担抚养费补偿义务,二者可叠加适用。生父母提出解除收养关系的,应承担抚养费适当补偿义务,养父母有重大过错者除外。在因送养人根本违约导致收养人解除收养关系时,后者可请求精神损害赔偿。

关键词：收养关系解除权法律后果身份关系财产关系

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小胶质细胞在病毒性神经炎症中的作用

武汉大学学报（医学版） 2024年第6期45卷 746-751,756页

作者：杨可璠毛善平武汉大学人民医院神经内科湖北武汉430060

小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统中固有的免疫细胞,它的存在为大脑提供了一个动态且高效的监控系统。越来越多的证据表明炎性小胶质细胞可能会引起组织损伤,破坏大脑正常的生理功能,诱使或加速大脑老化,导致神经退行性疾病的发生。很多病毒会... 详细信息

小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统中固有的免疫细胞,它的存在为大脑提供了一个动态且高效的监控系统。越来越多的证据表明炎性小胶质细胞可能会引起组织损伤,破坏大脑正常的生理功能,诱使或加速大脑老化,导致神经退行性疾病的发生。很多病毒会感染大脑并影响小胶质细胞的功能,特别是慢性、持续的病毒感染会导致低水平的神经炎症,这可能会引起大脑老化,发生神经退行性疾病。这篇综述解释了各类噬神经病毒在小胶质细胞所介导的免疫应答反应中出现的神经认知功能缺陷和加速大脑老化、引起神经退行性疾病中的潜在作用。

关键词：小胶质细胞 M1/M2亚型神经炎症神经退行性疾病嗜神经病毒

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儿童肠道菌群与食物过敏关系的研究进展

微生物学报 2024年第7期64卷 2224-2241页

作者：杨善平赵童余辉艳周催首都医科大学基础医学院北京100069 首都医科大学公共卫生学院北京100069

食物过敏(food allergy,FA)在儿童中的发生率逐年升高,严重影响其生活质量,已经成为全球面临的公共卫生问题之一。近年来,人们发现FA儿童的肠道菌群组成与健康儿童有显著差异。深入研究发现,肠道菌群可通过调节树突状细胞、辅助性T细胞... 详细信息

食物过敏(food allergy,FA)在儿童中的发生率逐年升高,严重影响其生活质量,已经成为全球面临的公共卫生问题之一。近年来,人们发现FA儿童的肠道菌群组成与健康儿童有显著差异。深入研究发现,肠道菌群可通过调节树突状细胞、辅助性T细胞、调节性T细胞、肥大细胞和粒细胞等免疫细胞维持免疫平衡,也可通过多种方式增强肠道屏障功能,抑制FA的发生。在已有研究基础上,益生菌和益生元在治疗儿童FA方面也得到了一定应用,但目前的应用效果并不明确。本文以婴幼儿FA在全球范围内患者规模日益扩大为背景,综述了肠道菌群影响FA的部分机制,总结了近年部分益生菌和益生元在治疗和预防婴幼儿FA方面的应用,并为肠道菌群在FA发生和发展中的作用机制研究和益生菌及其相关代谢产物在儿童FA治疗和预防中的应用提出了新思路,对促进婴幼儿FA治疗方法和策略的研究有重要意义。

关键词：食物过敏儿童肠道菌群益生菌

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高职院校创新创业基地建设困境与对策研究

成都航空职业技术学院学报 2024年第3期40卷 38-40页

作者：张善平成都航空职业技术学院成都610100

推进高职院校创新创业教育基地建设和发展,已经成为高职院校创新创业教育改革的有力支撑点和重要抓手,虽然近年来高职院校创新创业基地建设得到了长足的发展,但是依然存在着师资力量不充足、课程建设不完善、管理服务不到位、成果转化... 详细信息

推进高职院校创新创业教育基地建设和发展,已经成为高职院校创新创业教育改革的有力支撑点和重要抓手,虽然近年来高职院校创新创业基地建设得到了长足的发展,但是依然存在着师资力量不充足、课程建设不完善、管理服务不到位、成果转化率低等问题,高职院校可以通过优化管理服务、整合师资资源、建立评估机制等方式来进一步改进,从而促进创新创业教育目标的实现和学生的全面发展。

关键词：创新创业基地建设困境对策

A Study of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties for the Autogenous Single-Pass Butt Weldment of a Ferritic/Martensitic Steel Using Gas Tungsten Arc Welding

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2021年第5期34卷 628-638页

作者： Dong Wu Shitong Wei shanping Lu CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China

A 12%Cr ferritic/martensitic steel,HT-9,has been used as a primary core material for nuclear *** microstructure and mechanical properties of gas tungsten arc butt welded joints of HT-9 in as-welded,and as-tempered conditions have been *** as-welded condition,the fusion zone(FZ)contained a fresh martensite matrix with delta(δ)-***δ-ferrite was rich in Cr and depleted in C compared with the *** heat-aff ected zone(HAZ)could be divided into three areas as the distance from the fusion line increased:δ-ferrite/martensite duplex zone,fully recrystallized zone,and partly recrystallized *** austenitic grains did not coarsen in theδ-ferrite/martensite duplex zone due to the newly nucleatedδ-ferrite grains and incompletely ferritizing(δ-ferrite)during the welding thermal *** weldment microhardness distributed heterogeneously with values above 600 HV_(1.0)in the HAZ and FZ and 250 HV_(1.0)in the base metal(BM).Solute C in the matrix,induced by the dissolution of carbide during the welding process,dominated the microhardness *** toughness was observed in the FZ with a quasi-cleavage fracture tested from-80 to 20℃.The tensile fracture occurred in the relatively soft BM tested from 20 to 600℃.In as-tempered condition(760℃for 1 h),M_(23)C_6-type carbides precipitated within the martensitic laths,the lath boundaries,and theδ-ferrite/martensite ***,V,Cr,Mo-rich nitrides with very small size also precipitated in theδ-ferrite/martensite *** tempering treatment improved the homogenous distribution of weldment hardness *** fracture still occurred in the BM of the weldment specimens tested from 20 to 600℃.The impact toughness improved significantly,but the ductile–brittle transaction temperature was-12℃which was higher than that of the normalized and tempered(N&T)BM.δ-ferrite was considered to be one of the major factors aggravating the impact toughness in the FZ.

关键词： Martensitic stainless steel Gas tungsten arc welding(GTAW) Post-weld heat treatment Microstructure Mechanical properties

对无症状性中重度颈内动脉狭窄患者风险决策特点的研究

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卒中与神经疾病 2024年第1期31卷 32-35页

作者：杨可璠毛善平武汉大学人民医院神经内科 430060

目的探讨无症状性颈动脉狭窄(Asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis,ACAS)患者在风险条件下的决策特点。方法应用简易智能精神状态检查量表(Mini-mental state examination,MMSE)、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(Montreal cognitive assessment,MoCA)、画钟试验(Clock drawing test,CDT)、词语流畅性试验(Verbal fluency task,VFT)、贝克抑郁量表(Beck depression inventory,BDI)、贝克焦虑量表(Beck anxiety inventory,BAI)评估25例ACAS患者以及与其年龄、性别、受教育年限相匹配的21例健康受试者的整体认知功能、执行功能、语言功能和焦虑抑郁情况;骰子博弈任务(Game of dice dest,GDT)评估这些受试者在风险条件下的决策功能。结果在GDT任务中ACAS组与健康对照组比较,其更倾向于选择风险选项次数(z=-5.26,P<0.001),而健康对照组更易于选择安全选项次数(z=5.22,P<0.001)。与ACAS组比较,健康对照组更易于在选择风险选项输钱后转而选择安全选项,即负反馈利用率更高(z=3.97,P<0.001)。健康对照组相较ACAS组而言,盈利机会更大(t=-6.64,P<0.001)。ACAS组风险选项次数与负反馈利用率呈负相关(r=-0.89,P<0.001)。结论ACAS患者在风险条件下更倾向于做出风险决策。

关键词：无症状颈动脉狭窄风险决策认知功能骰子博弈任务