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Altered serotonin metabolism in Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 knockout mice protects against diet-induced hepatic fibrosis

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Liver Research 2022年第4期6卷 214-226页

作者： Jessica M.Ferrell Matthew Dilts Zachary Stahl shannon boehme Sabita Pokhrel Xinwen Wang John Y.L.Chiang Department of Integrative Medical Sciences Northeast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOHUSA Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Northeast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOHUSA

Background and aims:Diet-induced obesity and metabolic syndrome can trigger the progression of fatty liver disease to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis,which is a major public health *** acids regulate metabolic homeostasis and inflammation in the liver and gut via the activation of nuclear farnesoid X receptor(Fxr)and the membrane receptor Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5(Tgr5).Tgr5 is highly expressed in the gut and skeletal muscle,and in cholangiocytes and Kupffer cells of the ***5 is implicated in the mediation of liver and gut inflammation,as well as the maintenance of energy ***,we used a high fat,high fructose,and high sucrose(HFS)diet to determine how bile acid signaling through Tgr5 may regulate metabolism during the progression from fatty liver to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and *** and methods:Female C57BL/6J control wild type(WT)and Tgr5 knockout(Tgr5^(-/-))mice were fed HFS(high fat(40%kcal),high fructose,and 20%sucrose water)diet for 20 *** phe-notypes were characterized through examination of bile acid synthesis pathways,lipid and cholesterol metabolism pathways,and fibrosis and inflammation ***:Tgr5^(-/-)mice were more glucose intolerant when fed HFS diet,despite gaining the same amount of weight as WT ***5^(-/-)mice accumulated significantly more hepatic cholesterol and triglycerides on HFS diet compared to WT mice,and gene expression of lipogenic genes was significantly *** cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase(Cyp7a1)gene expression was consistently elevated in Tgr5^(-/-)mice,while oxysterol 7alpha-hydroxylase(Cyp7b1),sterol 27-hydroxylase(Cyp27a1),Fxr,and small heterodimer partner(Shp)were downregulated by HFS ***,hepatic inflammation and fibrosis were also significantly reduced in Tgr5^(-/-)mice fed HFS diet,which may be due to altered se-rotonin signaling in the ***:Tgr5^(-/-)mice may be protected from high fat,high sugar-

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) Liver fibrosis Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5(TGR5) Serotonin(5-HT) High fat,high fructose,and high sucrose (HFS)

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The semiotics of humor in cultural trauma:a pilot study on digital methodology concerning the evolution and overcoming of trauma through humor on the example of Rick and Morty

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Language and Semiotic Studies 2024年第2期10卷 203-221页

作者： Felix Poschinger Christopher shannon University of Hamburg Hamburg20148Germany Independent TokyoJapan

This pilot study on humor in cultural trauma uses innovative digital methodologies in speech recognition and social media analysis via Postman and Python in the Twitter API v2 to propose different forms to gather and analyze empirical data on semiotics and humor to be used in a broader *** given example of humorous instances on the cultural trauma of 9/11 in the fictional sitcom Rick and Morty is limited but corroborated by a second example that is structurally different from the first:humor about 9/11 in stand-up comedy by Louis *** on the data,humor in trauma seems to undergo a 5-phase-typology related to the Kübler-Ross model of grief,which is mended by the(digital)participation of ***,we argue,both shapes the discourse on humor in trauma and overcomes the traumatic effects through humorous discourse.

关键词： cultural trauma humor theory Kübler-Ross model collective memory

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Machine learning for predicting the outcome of terminal ballistics events

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 14-26页

作者： shannon Ryan Neeraj Mohan Sushma Arun Kumar AV Julian Berk Tahrima Hashem Santu Rana Svetha Venkatesh Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute(A2I2) Deakin University75 Pigdons RdWaurn PondsVIC3216Australia

Machine learning(ML) is well suited for the prediction of high-complexity,high-dimensional problems such as those encountered in terminal *** evaluate the performance of four popular ML-based regression models,extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost),artificial neural network(ANN),support vector regression(SVR),and Gaussian process regression(GP),on two common terminal ballistics’ problems:(a)predicting the V50ballistic limit of monolithic metallic armour impacted by small and medium calibre projectiles and fragments,and(b) predicting the depth to which a projectile will penetrate a target of semi-infinite *** achieve this we utilise two datasets,each consisting of approximately 1000samples,collated from public release *** demonstrate that all four model types provide similarly excellent agreement when interpolating within the training data and diverge when extrapolating outside this *** extrapolation is not advisable for ML-based regression models,for applications such as lethality/survivability analysis,such capability is *** circumvent this,we implement expert knowledge and physics-based models via enforced monotonicity,as a Gaussian prior mean,and through a modified loss *** physics-informed models demonstrate improved performance over both classical physics-based models and the basic ML regression models,providing an ability to accurately fit experimental data when it is available and then revert to the physics-based model when *** resulting models demonstrate high levels of predictive accuracy over a very wide range of projectile types,target materials and thicknesses,and impact conditions significantly more diverse than that achievable from any existing analytical *** with numerical analysis tools such as finite element solvers the ML models run orders of magnitude *** provide some general guidelines throughout for the development,application,and reporting of ML models in terminal ballist

关键词： Machine learning Artificial intelligence Physics-informed machine learning Terminal ballistics Armour

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Comparisons of oxbow lake fish assemblages in relation to bigheaded carp establishment in the lower White River, Arkansas

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 188-205页

作者： Michael A.Eggleton Cody J.Salzmann Joseph E.Kaiser shannon C.F.Smith Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Arkansas Game and Fish Commission Virginia Institute of Marine Science

Background Since the late 1990s, bigheaded carps(largely silver carp [Hypophthalmichthys molitrix] but also bighead carp [H. nobilis]) have established throughout the lower Mississippi River basin. Using previously studied oxbow lakes in the lower White River basin, Arkansas, we compared current(2017, “post-carp” establishment) fish assemblages to historical(2002, “pre-carp” establishment) fish assemblages. Fish assemblages were comprehensively assessed using multiple gears, including boat electrofishing, mini-fyke nets, and experimental small-mesh gill *** T-tests suggested that fish assemblage indices of richness, diversity, evenness, and dominance were often greater(P 0.05) between the pre-carp and post-carp period with fish assemblages depicted using mini-fyke nets. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analyses indicated that fish assemblages differed structurally between pre-carp and post-carp periods. Assemblage differences were linked to both small and large abundance changes for more than 20 species. Abundances of gizzard shad(Dorosoma cepedianum), emerald shiner(Notropis atherinoides), pugnose minnow(Opsopoeodus emiliae), crappies(Pomoxis spp.), bluegill(Lepomis macrochirus), orangespotted sunfish(L. humilis), and yellow bass(Morone mississippiensis) declined between the pre-carp and postcarp periods. Conversely, abundances of weed shiner(N. texanus), pallid shiner(Hybopsis amnis), longear sunfish(L. megalotis), buffalofishes(Ictiobus spp.), and gars(Lepisosteus spp.) generally increased during the same *** Although not possible to conclude assemblage shifts were entirely related to bigheaded carps due to the absence of an appropriate reference system where carps did not establish, the wide establishment of these carps is one of the most pervasive changes to have occurred in the lower White

关键词： Bigheaded carp Silver carp Aquatic nuisance species Fish assemblage Oxbow lake Large river

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A 3D In-vitro model of the human dentine interface shows long-range osteoinduction from the dentine surface

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第2期16卷 225-237页

作者： William Macalester Asme Boussahel Rafael O.Moreno-Tortolero Mark R.shannon Nicola West Darryl Hill Adam Perriman School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Biomedical Sciences BuildingUniversity of BristolUniversity WalkBristolUnited Kingdom Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials HH Wills Physics LaboratoryUniversity of BristolTyndall AvenueBristolUnited Kingdom Centre for Protolife Research School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantocks CloseBristolUnited Kingdom Max Planck-Bristol Centre for Minimal Biology School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom Periodontology Bristol Dental SchoolUniversity of BristolLower Maudlin StreetBristolUnited Kingdom

Emerging regenerative cell therapies for alveolar bone loss have begun to explore the use of cell laden hydrogels for minimally invasive surgery to treat small and spatially complex maxilla-oral ***,the oral cavity presents a unique and challenging environment for in vivo bone tissue engineering,exhibiting both hard and soft periodontal tissue as well as acting as key biocenosis for many distinct microbial communities that interact with both the external environment and internal body systems,which will impact on cell fate and subsequent treatment ***,we design and bioprint a facile 3D in vitro model of a human dentine interface to probe the effect of the dentine surface on human mesenchymal stem cells(hMSCs)encapsulated in a microporous hydrogel *** demonstrate that the dentine substrate induces osteogenic differentiation of encapsulated hMSCs,and that both dentine andβ-tricalcium phosphate substrates stimulate extracellular matrix production and maturation at the gel-media interface,which is distal to the gel-substrate *** findings demonstrate the potential for long-range effects on stem cells by mineralized surfaces during bone tissue engineering and provide a framework for the rapid development of 3D dentine-bone interface models.

关键词： interface den surface

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Scavenging and release of REE and HFSE by Na-metasomatism in magmatic-hydrothermal systems

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Fundamental Research 2024年第2期4卷 315-323页

作者： Wu-Bin Yang He-Cai Niu Ning-Bo Li Pete Hollings shannon Zurevinski Roger H.Mitchell Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science Guangzhou 510640China Department of Geology Lakehead UniversityThunder BayON P7B 5E1Canada

Exploitable or potentially exploitable deposits of critical metals,such as rare-earth(REE)and high-field-strength elements(HFSE),are commonly associated with alkaline or peralkaline igneous ***,the origin,transport and concentration of these metals in peralkaline systems remains poorly *** study presents the results of a mineralogical and geochemical investigation of the Na-metasomatism of alkali amphiboles and clinopyroxenes from a barren peralkaline granite pluton in NE China,to assess the remobilization and redistribution of REE and HFSE during magmatic-hydrothermal *** amphiboles and aegirine-augites from the peralkaline granites show evolutionary trends from sodic-calcic to sodic compositions,with increasing REE and HFSE concentrations as a function of increasing Na-index[Na^(#),defined as molar Na/(Na+Ca)ratios].The Na-amphiboles(i.e.,arfvedsonite)and aegirine-augites can be subsequently altered,or breakdown,to form hydrothermal aegirine during late-or post-magmatic *** compositions analyzed by insitu LA-ICPMS show that the primary aegirine-augites have high and variable REE(2194-3627 ppm)and HFSE(4194-16,862 ppm)contents,suggesting that these critical metals can be scavenged by alkali amphiboles and *** to the primary aegirine-augites,the presentative early replacement aegirine(Aeg-I,Na^(#)=0.91-0.94)has notably lower REE(1484-1972)and HFSE(4351-5621)*** contrast,the late hydrothermal aegirine(Aeg-II,Na^(#)=0.92-0.96)has significantly lower REE(317-456 ppm)and HFSE(6.44-72.2 ppm)*** that the increasing Na^(#)from aegirine-augites to hydrothermal aegirines likely resulted from Na-metasomatism,a scavenging-release model can explain the remobilization of REE and HFSE in peralkaline granitic *** scavenging and release of REE and HFSE by Na-metasomatism provides key insights into the genesis of globally significant REE and HFSE *** high Na-index of th

关键词： Critical metals Alkali amphiboles Na-metasomatism REE and HFSE Na-index(Na^(#))

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Ventral corporal reinforcement using a pericardium allograft(Tutoplast®)in a patient undergoing urethrectomy procedure with an inflatable penile prosthesis in place:A case report

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UroPrecision 2024年第2期2卷 58-61页

作者： Mohammed Mahdi shannon Leung Curtis Pettaway Run Wang Department of Surgery Division of UrologyMcGovern Medical SchoolUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterHoustonTexasUSA Department of Urology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA

Background:Erectile dysfunction is a common consequence following radical cystectomy(RC),with inflatable penile prostheses(IPPs)placement considered as the gold standard for refractory *** recurrence post-RC necessitates urethrectomy,which poses challenges for patients with an IPP in *** thinning of the ventral tunica albuginea during urethrectomy may increase the risk of corporal disruption and IPP cylinder aneurysm,affecting device *** case report introduces a novel surgical technique using Tutoplast,a human-derived pericardium allograft,for corporal reinforcement during urethrectomy in the presence of an in-situ ***:A 74-year-old male,with a history of robotic-assisted RC and IPP presented with recurrent bleeding per *** revealed urethral *** patient underwent total urethrectomy which resulted in significant thinning of the ventral tunica *** prevent device aneurysm or mechanical failure,a Tutoplast graft was used intraoperatively to reinforce the thinned *** was followed up six months ***:Final pathology showed urethral high-grade papillary urothelial ***,the patient exhibited smooth recovery,with normal IPP functionality up to the 6-month follow-up *** Tutoplast has been used in other settings,its application in preventing IPP malfunction posturethrectomy is a unique ***:Corporal reinforcement using Tutoplast during urethrectomy in patients with an existing IPP presents a simple and cost-effective solution to mitigate the risks of corporal disruption and IPP cylinder *** positive outcomes demonstrated in this case report warrant further studies on larger patient populations and longer follow-up periods to assess the longterm outcomes of this technique.

关键词： erectile urethral urooncology

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SARS-CoV-2 triggers Dickkopf-1(Dkk-1)modulation of T helper cells and lung pathology in mice

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 9-12页

作者： Yifan Wu Freedom M.Green Stephen A.Shaw Lauren J.Bonilla shannon E.Ronca Maria Elena Bottazzi Farrah Kheradmand Jill E.Weatherhead Department of Pathology&Immunology One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Pediatrics One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Medicine One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA National School of Tropical Medicine One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA Molecular Virology&Microbiology One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX77030USA Biologyof Inflammation Center Baylor College of MedicineOne BaylorPlazaHoustonTX77030USA Michael E.DeBakey VA Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases HoustonTX 77030USA

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCov-2)is the etiologic agent of the coronavirus disease 19(COVID-19)*** viral infections like SARS-CoV-2,a robust anti-viral type 1 immune response,including upregulation of type 1 CD4+T helper cells(Th1),is required for effective viral clearance while minimizing end-organ pathology and collateral tissue damage.

关键词： pathology acute respiratory

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Quantifying Kinematic Tremor in an NGLY1-Deficient Individual: A Case Study

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2024年第1期13卷 25-36页

作者： Brock Futrell Christopher Alexander Malaya Dacia Martinez Diaz Christian Alfaro Hannah Elizabeth Gustafson Subhalakshmi Chandrasekaran Rhea Mohan Phatak Bernhard Suter Charles shannon Layne Department of Health and Human Performance University of Houston Houston USA Center for Neuromotor and Biomechanics Research University of Houston Houston USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College Station USA Blue Bird Circle Rett Center Texas Children’s Hospital Houston USA Baylor College of Medicine Houston USA Center for NeuroEngineering and Cognitive Science University of Houston Houston USA

NGLY1 Deficiency is an autosomal recessive congenital disorder that has been identified in less than 100 individuals. Most individuals with NGLY1 Deficiency display hyperkinetic movement disorders, including choreiform, athetoid, dystonic myoclonic, dyskinetic, and dysmetric movements. Developing a consistent and concise consensus on the classification and evaluation of tremors is essential to forward the research and treatment of tremors. It has also been reported that some individuals with NGLY1 Deficiency demonstrate tremor, but such tremor has never been formally investigated. The primary objective of this study is to determine if an individual with NGLY1 Deficiency demonstrates an identifiable tremor during a series of arm movements and, if so, describe the frequency and power characteristics of that tremor. Arm movement kinematics were obtained using a 16-camera Vicon system, and time series trajectory waveforms for three planes of a marker placed on the hand were developed. Custom MATLAB scripts were utilized to compute Fast Fourier Transformations of the data within the identified waveform segments. A mean frequency of 2.30 Hz (SD = 1.05) with a mean power of 5.02 |P1(f)| (SD = 4.63) suggests that our participant’s kinematic data did display a persistent tremor in both hands across all tasks and movement planes. Analyses of the reaching hand and the non-reaching hand suggest the participant displayed an action tremor in both postural and intention (kinetic) tremors. Future directions should include assessing additional individuals with NGLY1 Deficiency to determine if the tremor is a distinguishable disorder behavior. Additionally, evaluating other anatomical sites, such as the elbow, head, and lower limbs, would provide further insights into the characteristics of this tremor.

关键词： Tremor NGLY Fast Fourier Transformation Reaching Hyperkinetic Movement

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A bayesian optimisation methodology for the inverse derivation of viscoplasticity model constants in high strain-rate simulations

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2022年第9期18卷 1563-1577页

作者： shannon Ryan Julian Berk Santu Rana Brodie McDonald Svetha Venkatesh Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute(A^(2)I^(2)) Deakin University75 Pigdons RdWaurn PondsVIC3216Australia Defence Science and Technology Group 506 Lorimer StreetFishermans BendVIC3207Australia

We present an inverse methodology for deriving viscoplasticity constitutive model parameters for use in explicit finite element simulations of dynamic processes using functional experiments, i.e., those which provide value beyond that of constitutive model development. The developed methodology utilises Bayesian optimisation to minimise the error between experimental measurements and numerical simulations performed in LS-DYNA. We demonstrate the optimisation methodology using high hardness armour steels across three types of experiments that induce a wide range of loading conditions: ballistic penetration, rod-on-anvil, and near-field blast deformation. By utilising such a broad range of conditions for the optimisation, the resulting constitutive model parameters are generalised, i.e., applicable across the range of loading conditions encompassed the by those experiments(e.g., stress states, plastic strain magnitudes, strain rates, etc.). Model constants identified using this methodology are demonstrated to provide a generalisable model with superior predictive accuracy than those derived from conventional mechanical characterisation experiments or optimised from a single experimental condition.

关键词： Constitutive modelling Finite element Bayesian optimisation Finite element model updating

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