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Comparisons of oxbow lake fish assemblages in relation to bigheaded carp establishment in the lower White River, Arkansas

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 188-205页

作者： Michael A.Eggleton Cody J.Salzmann Joseph E.Kaiser shannon C.F.smith Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Arkansas Game and Fish Commission Virginia Institute of Marine Science

Background Since the late 1990s, bigheaded carps(largely silver carp [Hypophthalmichthys molitrix] but also bighead carp [H. nobilis]) have established throughout the lower Mississippi River basin. Using previously studied oxbow lakes in the lower White River basin, Arkansas, we compared current(2017, “post-carp” establishment) fish assemblages to historical(2002, “pre-carp” establishment) fish assemblages. Fish assemblages were comprehensively assessed using multiple gears, including boat electrofishing, mini-fyke nets, and experimental small-mesh gill *** T-tests suggested that fish assemblage indices of richness, diversity, evenness, and dominance were often greater(P 0.05) between the pre-carp and post-carp period with fish assemblages depicted using mini-fyke nets. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analyses indicated that fish assemblages differed structurally between pre-carp and post-carp periods. Assemblage differences were linked to both small and large abundance changes for more than 20 species. Abundances of gizzard shad(Dorosoma cepedianum), emerald shiner(Notropis atherinoides), pugnose minnow(Opsopoeodus emiliae), crappies(Pomoxis spp.), bluegill(Lepomis macrochirus), orangespotted sunfish(L. humilis), and yellow bass(Morone mississippiensis) declined between the pre-carp and postcarp periods. Conversely, abundances of weed shiner(N. texanus), pallid shiner(Hybopsis amnis), longear sunfish(L. megalotis), buffalofishes(Ictiobus spp.), and gars(Lepisosteus spp.) generally increased during the same *** Although not possible to conclude assemblage shifts were entirely related to bigheaded carps due to the absence of an appropriate reference system where carps did not establish, the wide establishment of these carps is one of the most pervasive changes to have occurred in the lower White

关键词： Bigheaded carp Silver carp Aquatic nuisance species Fish assemblage Oxbow lake Large river

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FISH ASSEMBLAGE RESPONSES TO DIFFERENT SECONDARY CHANNEL DESIGNS IN THE LOWER MISSISSIPPI RIVER,U.S.A.:A TEMPLATE FOR RIVER RESTORATION

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水生生物学报 2018年第6期42卷 1089-1106页

作者： KAISER Joseph E. smith shannon C.F. SCHRAMM Jr.,HAROLD L. EGGLETON Michael A. Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff1200 N.UniversityMail Slot 4912Pine BluffArkansas 71601U.S.A U.S.Geological Survey Mississippi Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research UnitMississippi State University

The lower Mississippi River(LMR) has been heavily modified for multiple human purposes such as navigation, flood control, and bank stabilization. However, the LMR simultaneously supports a diverse fish fauna that includes recreational and commercial fisheries. Due to river training and diversion structures constructed during the past 80 years, the historic characteristics of the LMR have been drastically altered and have likely influenced fishes and fisheries in the system. One common restoration measure used throughout the LMR has been to "notch" wing-dike structures that close secondary(side) river channels. Dike notching allows year-round flows through secondary channels, which enhances habitat diversity and promotes biological productivity at the ecosystem scale. Although notching is presumed good for LMR fishes and other biota, few studies have examined its effects on fish assemblages. In this study, fish assemblages were sampled at seven LMR secondary channels spanning from river kilometer(rkm) 628(Louisiana-Mississippi, U.S.A.) upstream to rkm 1504(Missouri-Kentucky, U.S.A.). Four secondary channels were termed "permanent"(i.e.,with notched dikes) while three secondary channels were termed "temporary"(i.e., without notched dikes).Fishes were sampled by boat-mounted electrofishing conducted during falling and low stages from1995—1997. Fish assemblages differed between permanent and temporary secondary channels, and varied somewhat between falling and low stages. Gizzard shad(Dorosoma cepedianum), threadfin shad(D. petenense), and white bass(Morone chrysops) demonstrated consistent preferences for low-current conditions associated with temporary secondary channels. Conversely, blue catfish(Ictalurus furcatus), flathead catfish(Pylodictis olivaris), and freshwater drum(Aplodinotus grunniens) were more associated with permanent secondary channels. Future restoration strategies in the LMR should consider dike notching and resultant maintenance of permanent seconda

关键词： Mississippi River Secondary channels Dikes Fish assemblages River restoration River rehabilitation

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Determination of Optimal Hormone and Mineral Salts Levels in Tissue Culture Media for Callus Induction and Growth of Industrial Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i>L.)

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Agricultural Sciences 2018年第10期9卷 1250-1268页

作者： Xoe Thacker Kayla Thomas Matthew Fuller shannon smith John DuBois Department of Biology and the Tennessee Center for Botanical Medicine Research Middle Tennessee State University Murfreesboro TN USA

Historically, industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) has been a valuable source of metabolites and compounds, such as cannabidiols. There is a need for large amounts of plant tissue to be grown under controlled environments, and plant tissue culture is one unique way to yield this tissue. The purposes of this study were to determine: 1) the optimal concentrations (μM)/ratios of auxin:cytokinin in media and;2) the optimal mineral salts formulation for callus induction and callus growth in select hemp cultivars. To find the optimal concentration/ratios, 16 different combinations of auxin:cytokinin and three different mineral salts formulations were evaluated. The three mineral salts formulations tested were MS salts, MB5D1K and an MTSU formulation. The top performing hormone formulations were determined to be equal concentrations (1:1, 2:2, 3:3 μM) of auxin and cytokinin. The top performing media hormone formulations for callus induction were determined to be 2:1, 2:2, 2:3, and 3:2 μM (auxin:cytokinin). The optimal mineral salts formulation was determined to be MD5D1K. Therefore, the overall optimal media formulation for hemp callus production would be MB5D1K salts with the concentration/ratio of 2:2 μM (auxin:cytokinin).

关键词： Industrial Hemp Cannabis Sativa Tissue Culture Hormones Mineral Salts Callus

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A Protocol for Endophyte-Free Callus Tissue of the Grape Vitis aestivalis “Norton/Cynthiana” (Vitaceae)

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Agricultural Sciences 2016年第10期7卷 680-692页

作者： Aimee Wilson Matthew Fuller shannon smith Tony V. Johnston John D. Du Bois Department of Biology Middle Tennessee State University Murfreesboro TN USA School of Agribusiness and Agriscience Middle Tennessee State University Murfreesboro TN USA

Vitis aestivalis is used in commercial wine production. Vegetative propagation of V. aestivalis has shown a low success rate. Although plant tissue culture has been a successful method to propagate many species, V. aestivalis has not yet been reliably grown as pure callus culture due to a fungal endophyte that exists within the plant. This study reports a viable protocol for obtaining fungus-free tissue culture callus from V. aestivalis. Explant tissue was chosen from healthy, actively growing plants grown in a growth room and in a vineyard. Tissues were sterilized with a combination of isopropanol, bleach, and chlorine dioxide gas and plated onto media containing chlorothalonil. The results from this study suggest that in order to obtain endophyte-free callus tissue, vine explants are to be taken from plants grown in a growth chamber simulating springtime conditions, sterilized in a combination of alcohol, bleach, and chlorine dioxide, and plated on selection media containing an antifungal agent, such as chlorothalonil. This technique could potentially be used with plants that have associated endophytes or other contamination problems to establish callus tissue for research and/or commercial propagation efforts.

关键词： Chlorothalonil Endophyte Vitis aestivalis Norton Cynthiana

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美国公共图书馆2016年度报告

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图书馆论坛 2016年第12期36卷 1-12页

作者： John B.Horrigan Lee Rainie Aaron smith Andrew Perrin Claudia Deane Margaret Porteus Dana Page shannon Greenwood 何蕾不详广东省立中山图书馆

关于皮尤研究中心皮尤研究中心是一所独立的民调机构,为公众提供影响美国乃至世界的问题、态度与潮流的信息资料。本中心不持任何政治立场。本中心组织民意调查、人口统计学研究、满意度分析和其他数据驱动的社会科学研究,具体研究课题... 详细信息

关于皮尤研究中心皮尤研究中心是一所独立的民调机构,为公众提供影响美国乃至世界的问题、态度与潮流的信息资料。本中心不持任何政治立场。本中心组织民意调查、人口统计学研究、满意度分析和其他数据驱动的社会科学研究,具体研究课题包括美国政治与政策、新闻与媒体、互联网与科技、宗教与公共生活、西班牙裔/拉美裔人口动向、全球态势与趋势，以及美国社会与人口趋势。

关键词：公共图书馆美国政治满意度分析年度报告数据驱动政治立场拉美裔信息资料外借服务梅琳达

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Draft Genome Sequence of Mentha Iongifolia and Development of Resources for Mint Cultivar Improvement

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Molecular Plant 2017年第2期10卷 323-339页

作者： Kelly J. Vining Sean R. Johnson Amirhossein Ahkami Iris Lange Amber N. Parrish Susan C. Trapp Rodney B. Croteau shannon C.K. Straub Iovanna Pandelova B. Markus Lange Department of Horticulture Oregon State University Corvallis OR 97331 USA M. J. Murdock Metabolomics Laboratory Institute of Biological Chemistry Washington State University Pullman WA 99164-6340 USA Department of Biology Hobart and William Smith Colleges Geneva NY 14456 USA Present address: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL) Richiand WA 99354 USA Present address: Medifluidics Inc. Fort Collins. CO 80525 USA

The genus Mentha encompasses mint species cultivated for their essential oils, which are formulated into a vast array of consumer products. Desirable oil characteristics and resistance to the fungal disease Verti- cillium wilt are top priorities for the mint industry. However, cultivated mints have complex polyploid ge- homes and are sterile. Breeding efforts, therefore, require the development of genomic resources for fertile mint species. Here, we present draft de novo genome and plastome assemblies for a wilt-resistant South African accession of Mentha Iongifolia （L.） Huds., a diploid species ancestral to cultivated peppermint and spearmint. The 353 Mb genome contains 35 597 predicted protein-coding genes, including 292 disease resistance gene homologs, and nine genes determining essential oil characteristics. A genetic linkage map ordered 1397 genome scaffolds on 12 pseudochromosomes. More than two million simple sequence repeats were identified, which will facilitate molecular marker development. The M. Iongifolia genome is a valuable resource for both metabolic engineering and molecular breeding. This is exemplified by employing the genome sequence to clone and functionally characterize the promoters in a peppermint cultivar, and demonstrating the utility of a glandular trichome-specific promoter to increase expression of a biosynthetic gene, thereby modulating essential oil composition.

关键词： aromatic plant essential oil genome mint Verticillium wilt

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Water quality impacts of small-scale hydromodification in an urban stream in Connecticut, USA

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Ecological Processes 2018年第1期7卷 106-115页

作者： Bin Zhu Daniel S.smith Anthony P.Benaquista Dylan M.Rossi Betsy M.Kadapuram Man Lok Yu Andrew S.Partlow Nathan R.Burtch Department of Biology University of Hartford200 Bloomfield AvenueWest HartfordCT 06117USA College of Marine and Environmental Sciences James Cook University1 James Cook DriveTownsvilleQLD 4811Australia Department of Geography and Environmental Planning Towson University8000 York RoadTowsonMD 21252USA

Introduction:Construction activities in and along urban streams increase the sediment input into surface waters,causing an overall decline in water quality and aquatic *** this case study,we investigate the water quality impacts of local hydromodification in an urban stream(discharge 0.4 m^(3)/s).At the site of interest,workers removed a stream crossing consisting of an embankment with culverts and replaced it with a small bridge(single span of 25 m)in an effort to improve flow ***:Water samples were taken at four sites along the North Branch Park River in Connecticut,Northeastern United *** and dissolved oxygen(DO)were measured in situ,and nitrate and total phosphorus(TP)were measured in the *** macroinvertebrate samples were also collected and analyzed for taxon richness and shannon-Weaver species *** were compared between upstream and downstream sites and before,during,and after *** used one-way ANOVA combined with the post hoc Turkey test to derive statistical ***:During construction,turbidity increased temporarily by 60.9%[from 2.48 Nephelometric Turbidity Units(NTU)over ambient to 4.00 NTU].Once construction was completed,DO increased locally from 11.0 to 13.0 mg/*** macroinvertebrate taxon richness and species diversity declined by 61.6 and 32.6%respectively,with no recovery observed in the year following *** quality was only affected within 50 m *** and TP concentrations were ***:Small-scale hydromodification temporarily increased the turbidity as a result of increased sediment input,approaching the maximum level for clean water(5 NTU).Benthic macroinvertebrate communities declined in the immediate downstream vicinity of construction but are expected to recover soon given that turbidity recovered to pre-construction levels,and DO *** outcomes emphasize that environmental assessment is important not

关键词： Urban streams Pollution Hydrologic services Water quality Benthic macroinvertebrates North Branch Park River

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商务统计第6版第六版

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丛书名：经济教材译丛

2008年

作者：（美）戴维F.格罗布纳（David F.Groebner）帕特里克W.香农（Patnck W. shannon）菲利普C.弗赖伊（Phillip C. Fry）肯特 D.史密斯（Kent D.smith）谢群程程等译

本书从实用的角度介绍了统计思想的要素，详解了如何正确理解数据和图表、把握数据的内在规律、建立稳健可靠的统计模型，以及如何利用这些信息来做出商业决策。书中提供了大量讲解透彻的例题，辅以充足的章节练习— —而这些数据绝大... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9787111243151

本书从实用的角度介绍了统计思想的要素，详解了如何正确理解数据和图表、把握数据的内在规律、建立稳健可靠的统计模型，以及如何利用这些信息来做出商业决策。书中提供了大量讲解透彻的例题，辅以充足的章节练习— —而这些数据绝大多数是从报章杂志和四位作者丰富的统计咨询实践中得到的真实案例，能帮助读者开拓统计应用的视野，领略到商务统计的魅力。

关键词：商业统计教材

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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美国公共图书馆2016年度报告

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图书馆学情报学 2017年第5期

作者： John B.Horrigan Lee Rainie Aaron smith Andrew Perrin Claudia Deane Margaret Porteus Dana Page shannon Greenwood

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Pilot Study on the Effects of Partially Restored Riparian Plant Communities on Habitat Quality and Biodiversity along First-Order Tributaries of the Lower St. Johns River

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2010年第9期2卷 771-782页

作者： Anthony M. Rossi Daniel C. Moon Dale Casamatta Kelly smith Christopher Bentzien Jason McGregor Alyson Norwich Emilie Perkerson Ralph Perkerson Joanna Savinon Keith Stokes Dean Doebberfuhl 不详

The St. Johns River is one of the premiere waterways in the southeastern United States, but it is increasingly affected by anthropogenic disturbances and influences such as excessive loading of nutrients. In the current pilot project, small native plant communities (“garden sites”) were established along sections of riparian corridors of five first-order tributaries in residential-commercial areas that drain into the lower St. Johns River in north Florida. In addition, four “non-garden” (control) tributaries were monitored for comparison. Garden sites included five species native to the area;20 plants of each species on both banks (200 total plants). These sites were used to assess the ability of partially restored riparian areas to ameliorate nutrient loading and water quality and determine their impact on local biodiversity in disturbed suburban drainage systems. Partially restored sites showed a significant reduction in both NO3- and P concentrations in both soil and water samples compared to control sites. For instance, soil NO3- levels were reduced by 14% in garden sites, while water samples were 30% lower. Moreover, both plant species richness and shannon diversity (H’) were significantly higher at partially restored sites, 33 and 19% respectively, compared to control streams after two years. Garden sites also had significantly higher terrestrial and invertebrate diversity than non-restored tributaries. Intermittent patches of partially restored habitat along suburban riparian corridors may provide a practical cost-effective technique for improving ecosystem function, water quality and increasing biodiversity along these frequently disturbed lotic habitats. Trends detected in the current study may have general implications for riparian restoration and reduction of nutrient loading in these small tributaries and, ultimately, effect water quality of the lower St. Johns River basin.

关键词： Riparian Restoration Biodiversity Soil and Water Quality

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