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Survival of Red k.ng Crab （Paralithodes Camtschaticus） Juveniles on Natural and Artificial Substrates

Journal of Life Sciences 2010年第3期4卷 1-8页

作者： Willow M. Hetrick.Linda J. Cox shannon k. atkinson Spencer R. Malecha Natural Resources and Environmental Management University of Hawaii at Manoa Honolulu 96822 USA School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences University of Alaska Fairbank~ Juneau 99801 USA Human Nutrition Food and Animal Sciences University of Hawaii at Manoa Honolulu 96822 USA

Understanding settlement tendencies and substrate preference is essential for k.ng crab stock.enhancement because structurally complex habitats provide red k.ng crab juveniles with shelter and protect them from predation and cannibalism during critical stages of their lives. The growth and survival rates of juvenile red k.ng crab （Paralithodes carntschaticus） from the first juvenile instar stage after settlement from the free-swimming glaucothoe （stage C 1）, to the third juvenile instar （stage C3）, that were reared in aquaria with natural rock. shell, and artificial substrate from June 8 to July 15, 2008 at the Alutiiq Pride Shellfish Hatchery in Seward Alask. were evaluated. The percent of crabs surviving to the C3 juvenile stage was the highest （34%） for the artificial substrate, the lowest （24%） for the shell substrate, and intermediate （27%） for the rock.substrate. No significant differences were found in the wet weight and carapace width （P〉0.05） among these three treatments, although the crabs were reared in the natural shell substrate, were heavier, （4.1±0.3 mg） than those reared in the natural rock.（3.9±0.1 mg）, and artificial substrates （3.8±0.7 mg） and crabs reared in the natural rock.substrate were larger （1.8±0.2 mm） than those reared in the natural shell （1.7±0.2 mm）, and the same as those in the artificial substrates （1.8±0.2 mm）. These results may be due to the short length of the experiment relative to the life cycle of the species. Further research is needed to understand the optimal environmental conditions for juvenile crabs and determine how their crucial habitats, which may be easily disturbed by human activities, can be conserved.

关键词： Red k.ng crab natural and artificial substrates juvenile stock.enhancement.

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The Beginnings of Wisdom: Challenges in Engineering Education

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Engineering 2016年第1期2卷 45-47页

作者： Helen atkinson Department of Engineering University of Leicester the Education and Sk.lls Committee (formerly the Standing Committee on Education and Training) for the Royal Academy of Engineering

What does it tak. to form an artist？ And what forms a great musician？ What more does it tak. to educate an engineer of in- ternational standard, who can bring their expertise to bear on the global grand challenges but, what is more, be effective in bringing solutions into being？ How do we help our young people to grow, not only in their technical k.owledge, but also in their judgment, in wisdom？

关键词：工程教育智慧国际标准技术知识艺术家音乐家工程师年轻人

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A review on steel thixoforming

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2010年第S3期20卷 1048-1054页

作者： A.RASSILI H.V.atkinson Thixo Unit University of LiegeSart TilmanB-4000 LiegeBelgium Department of Engineering University of LeicesterUniversity Rd.LeicesterUK

Steel is a particularly challenging material to semi-solid process because of the high temperatures involved and the potential for surface ***,the experience of semi-solid processing is reviewed and the current situation in relation to commercial application is *** review will include discussion of the range of potential steel materials which are amenable to thixoformingn and identification of suitable steels;modelling of die fill and rheological properties of semi solid steel;technology considerations for industrialisation;die development and the properties of thixoformed products.

关键词： steel thixoforming semi-solid industrialisation

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Fabrication of 3D-printed molds for polydimethylsiloxane-based microfluidic devices using a liquid crystal display-based vat photopolymerization process:printing quality,drug response and 3D invasion cell culture assays

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第6期9卷 205-219页

作者： Matthew D.Posk.s Tuo Wang Yuxuan Deng Sydney Borcherding Jak. atkinson Ioannis k.Zervantonak.s Department of Bioengineering UPMC Hillman Cancer CenterUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine PittsburghPAUSA

Microfluidic platforms enable more precise control of biological stimuli and environment dimensionality than conventional macroscale cell-based assays;however,long fabrication times and high-cost specialized equipment limit the widespread adoption of microfluidic *** improvements in vat photopolymerization three-dimensional(3D)printing technologies such as liquid crystal display(LCD)printing offer rapid prototyping and a cost-effective solution to microfluidic *** information is available about how 3D printing parameters and resin cytocompatibility impact the performance of 3D-printed molds for the fabrication of polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)-based microfluidic platforms for cellular *** a low-cost,commercially available LCD-based 3D printer,we assessed the cytocompatibility of several resins,optimized fabrication parameters,and characterized the minimum feature *** evaluated the response to both cytotoxic chemotherapy and targeted k.nase therapies in microfluidic devices fabricated using our 3D-printed molds and demonstrated the establishment of flow-based concentration ***,we monitored real-time cancer cell and fibroblast migration in a 3D matrix environment that was dependent on environmental *** results demonstrate how vat photopolymerization LCD-based fabrication can accelerate the prototyping of microfluidic platforms with increased accessibility and resolution for PDMS-based cell culture assays.

关键词： invasion printing culture

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Analysis of semi-solid response under rapid compression tests using multi-scale modelling and experiments

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2010年第9期20卷 1691-1695页

作者： V.FAVIER H.atkinson Arts et Métiers ParisTech CNRS PIMM151 Boulevard de l'Hpital Department of Engineering University of Leic esterUniversity Road

Simulating semi-solid metal forming requires modelling semi-solid ***, such modelling is difficult because semi-solid behavior is thixotropic and depends on the liquid-solid spatial distribution within the *** order to better understand and model relationships between microstructure and behavior, a model based on micromechanical approaches and homogenisation techniques is *** model is an extension of a previous model established in a pure viscoplastic framework.to account for ***, experimental load-displacement signals reveal the presence of an elastic-type response in the earlier stages of deformation when semi-solids are loaded under rapid *** elastic feature of the behaviour is attributed to the response of the porous solid sk.leton saturated by incompressible liquid.A good quantitative agreement is found between the elastic-viscoplastic predicted response and the experimental *** precisely, the strong initial rising part of the load-displacement curve, the peak.load and the subsequent fall in load are well *** effect of solid fraction on mechanical response is in qualitative agreement with experiments.

关键词： semi-solid metal aluminium solid fraction elastic-viscoplasticity homogenization

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Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 7005 Aluminum Alloy Components Formed by Thixoforming

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2017年第4期33卷 379-388页

作者： Jufu Jiang H.V.atkinson Ying Wang School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China Department of Engineering University of Leicester University Road Leices-ter LE1 7RH UK School of Mechatronics Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China

In the present research, semisolid billet of 7005 aluminum alloy was fabricated by using recrystallization and partial remelting（RAP）, then thixoformed at different isothermal temperatures, preheating temperatures and load routes. Mechanical properties and microstructure of the thixoformed product were investigated. The results showed that microstructure achieved by three-step induction heating warm extruded 7005 aluminum alloy consists of a uniform and spheroidal microstructure suitable for *** temperature of the die affected significantly the filling status of semisolid billet of 7005 aluminum alloy. Complete filling status with good surface quality was obtained at a preheating temperature of 365 ℃. Thixoformed microstructures consisting of relatively spheroidal grains illustrate the dependence of filling process on the sliding and rotating of solid grains rather than plastic deformation of solid grains. A non-uniform distribution of liquid phase was found in the different regions of the thixoformed product due to the slower adjustable velocity of solid grains as compared with liquid phase. Increase of isothermal temperatures led to a slight decrease of mechanical properties of the thixoformed product due to coarsening of solid grains. The highest yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and elongation of thixoformed components with T6 heat treatment are 237 MPa, 361 MPa and 16.8%, respectively, which were achieved at the isothermal temperature of 605℃. Load route has a significant effect on mechanical properties and microstructure of the thixoformed product. Defects, such as crack.and microporosity occurred in the microstructure of the thixoformed product obtained under load route 2. It led to an obvious reduction of mechanical properties as compared with route 1. A better compatibility of deformation caused by more liquid fraction at the isothermal temperature of 612℃ is beneficial to reducing nonuniformity of liquid phase in the different r

关键词： 7005 aluminum alloy Microstructure Mechanical properties Semisolid billet Thixoforming

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Coarsening rate of microstructure in semi-solid aluminium alloys

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2010年第9期20卷 1672-1676页

作者： H.V.atkinson D.LIU Mechanics of Materials Research Group Department of EngineeringUniversity of LeicesterUniversity Rd. Now with Wolfson Microelectronics PLC.

The rate of microstructural coarsening of recrystallisation and partial melting (RAP) and cooling slope (CS) processed materials in the semi-solid state is compared with rates found in the *** rate of coarsening depended on the liquid fraction but RAP route 2014 alloy with 37% liquid coarsened slightly more slowly than the CS route 2014 alloy with a lower liquid fraction of 17%, contrary to *** the CS route, an increase in liquid fraction resulted in faster coarsening.A modified 2014 alloy with Fe, Mn and Zn stripped out of the composition gave a relatively high coarsening *** coarsening rate was also relatively high for CS 201 alloy in comparison with either RAP 2014 or CS *** coarsening rates are thought to be associated with the presence of particles which inhibit the migration of liquid film grain *** could be the result of pinning or of the liquid film impeding diffusion at the boundary.

关键词： coarsening semi-solid metal 2014 alloy recrystallisation and partial melting cooling slope

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Insights into the Microwave Instruments Onboard the Fengyun 3D Satellite:Data Quality and Assimilation in the Met Office NWP System

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第8期38卷 1379-1396页

作者： Fabien CARMINATI Nigel atkinson Brett CANDY Qifeng LU Met Office Exeter EX13PBUK National Satellite Meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

This paper evaluates the microwave instruments onboard the latest Chinese polar-orbiting satellite, Fengyun 3D (FY- 3D). Comparing three months of observations from the Microwave Temperature Sounder 2 (MWTS-2), the Microwave Humidity Sounder 2 (MWHS-2), and the Microwave Radiation Imager (MWRI) to Met Office short-range forecasts, we characterize the instrumental biases, show how those biases have changed with respect to their predecessors onboard FY- 3C, and how they compare to the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) onboard NOAA-20 and the Global Precipitation Measurement Microwave Imager (GMI). The MWTS-2 global bias is much reduced with respect to its predecessor and compares well to ATMS at equivalent channel frequencies, differing only by 0.36 ± 0.28 k.(1σ) on average. A suboptimal averaging of raw digital counts is found to cause an increase in striping noise and an ascending- descending bias. MWHS-2 benefits from a new calibration method improving the 183-GHz humidity channels with respect to its predecessor and biases for these channels are within ± 1.9 k.to ATMS. MWRI presents the largest improvements, with reduced global bias and standard deviation with respect to FY-3C;although, spurious, seemingly transient, brightness temperatures have been detected in the observations at 36.5 GHz (vertical polarization). The strong solar-dependent bias that affects the instrument on FY-3C has been reduced to less than 0.2 k.on average for FY-3D MWRI. Experiments where radiances from these instruments were assimilated on top of a full global system demonstrated a neutral to positive impact on the forecasts, as well as on the fit to the back.round of independent instruments.

关键词： microwave remote sensing numerical weather prediction data assimilation

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*** and Exploring Lineage Data as a Service

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Data Intelligence 2022年第2期4卷 226-242页

作者： Alessandro Spinuso Malcolm atkinson Federica Magnoni k.nink.ijk.Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut De BiltUtrecht 3731 GAThe Netherlands University of Edinburgh EdinburghEdinburgh EH89ABUnited Kingdom Istituto Nazionale Geofisica e Vulcanologia RomeLazio 00143Italy

We present a set of configurable Web service and interactive tools,s-ProvFlow,for managing and exploiting records track.ng data lineage during work.low *** facilitates detailed analysis of single *** helps users manage complex task. by exposing the relationships between data,people,equipment and work.low runs intended to combine *** logical model extends the PROV standard to precisely record parallel data-streaming *** metadata handling encourages users to capture the application context by specifying how application attributes,often using standard vocabularies,should be *** metadata records immediately help productivity as the interactive tools support their use in selection and bulk.*** rapidly appreciate the power of the encoded semantics as they reap the *** improves the quality of provenance for users and *** in turn facilitates analysis of collections of runs,enabling users to manage results and validate *** fosters reuse of data and methods and facilitates diagnostic investigations and *** present S-ProvFlow's use by scientists,research engineers and managers as part of the DARE hyper-platform as they create,validate and use their data-driven scientific work.lows.

关键词： Provenance Productivity Work.lows Human-in-the-loop Visualisation

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Assessment and Assimilation of FY-3 Humidity Sounders and Imager in the Uk.Met Office Global Model

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第8期35卷 46-58页

作者： Fabien CARMINATI Brett CANDY William BELL Nigel atkinson Uk.Met Office Exeter EX1 3PBUK ECMWF ReadingUK

China＇s FengYnn 3 （FY-3） polar orbiting satellites axe set to become an important sonrce of observational data for nu- merical weather prediction （NWP）, atmospheric reanalyses, and climate monitoring studies over the next two decades. As part of the Climate Science for Service Partnership China （CSSP China） prograln, FY-3B Microwave Humidity Sounder 1 （MWHS-1） and FY-3C MWHS-2 observations have been thoroughly assessed and prepared for operational assimilation. This represents the first time observations from China＇s polar orbiting satellites have been used in the Uk.s global NWP model. Since 2016, continuous data quality monitoring has shown occasional bias changes found to be correlated to changes in the energy supply scheme regulating the platform heating system and other transient anomalies. Nonetheless, MWHS-1 and MWHS-2 significantly contribute to the 24-h forecast error reduction by 0.3% and 0.6%, respectively, and the combination of both instruments is shown to improve the fit to the model back.round of independent sounders by up to 1%. The observations from the Microwave Radiation Imager （MWRI） also are a potentially significant source of benefits for NWP models, but a solar-dependent bias observed in the instrument half-orbits has prevented their assimilation. This paper presents the bases of a correction scheme developed at the Met Office for the purpose of a future assimilation of MWRI data.

关键词： Microwave Humidity Sounder Microwave Radiation Imager numerical weather prediction

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