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Minimum e.e.gy Re.uire.e.t for Inducing Withdrawal Re.le. in Millime.e. Wave.e.posure.

Journal of Applie. Mathe.atics and Physics 2022年第7期10卷 2381-2406页

作者： Hongyun Wang We.le. A. Burge. shannon e. foley Hong Zhou De.artme.t of Applie. Mathe.atics University of California Santa Cruz CA USA US De.artme.t of De.e.se Joint Intermediate Force Capabilities Office Quantico VA USA De.artme.t of Applie. Mathe.atics Naval Postgraduate School Monterey CA USA

We.conside. the.proble. of inducing withdrawal re.le. on a te.t subje.t via e.posure.to a millime.e. wave.be.m. In our physical mode., the.e.are.10 physical parame.e.s affe.ting the.occurre.ce.of withdrawal re.le.. Our goal is to pinpoint the.role. of the.e.physical parame.e.s in inducing withdrawal re.le.. We.first carry out non-dime.sionalization to re.uce.the.mode. to a non-dime.sional syste. of only 3 composite.parame.e.s: non-dime.sional be.m powe. de.sity, non-dime.sional be.m radius, and non-dime.sional e.posure.time. If the.be.m powe. is ke.t on and ste.dy, withdrawal re.le. occurs e.e.tually;the.shorte.t e.posure.time.for inducing withdrawal re.le. corre.ponds to the.smalle.t e.e.gy consumption at the.give. powe. de.sity and be.m radius. In the.2D space.of powe. de.sity and be.m radius, the.ove.all minimum e.e.gy occurs at the.corne. of ve.y large.powe. de.sity and ve.y small be.m radius, which also produce. a ve.y large.value.of maximum skin te.pe.ature.and a long time.to withdrawal re.le.. To re.uce.the.burn injury risk, we.introduce.a cap on the.maximum skin te.pe.ature. At e.ch give. total be.m powe., we.carry out optimizations with re.pe.t to the.be.m radius, constraine. by the.pre.cribe. te.pe.ature.cap. The.e.e.gy consumption varie. ne.ative.y with the.pre.cribe. te.pe.ature.cap: a lowe. te.pe.ature.cap can be.accommodate. only with a highe. e.e.gy consumption via the.ve.ue.of a large. be.m radius. The.e.e.gy consumption is re.ative.y flat with re.pe.t to the.total be.m powe. and attains a minimum at a mode.ate.y large.total be.m powe.. The.time.to withdrawal re.le. is approximate.y inve.se.y proportional to the.total be.m powe.. Our analysis de.onstrate. that a mode.ate.y large.total be.m powe. is a good compromise.to achie.e.both low e.e.gy consumption and short time.to withdrawal re.le..

关键词： The.mal e.fe.t of Millime.e. Wave.in Skin Activation of The.mal Nocice.tors Non-Dime.sionalization Analysis Optimization

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e.tracting Human Re.ction Time.from Obse.vations in the.Me.hod of Constant Stimuli

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Journal of Applie. Mathe.atics and Physics 2022年第11期10卷 3316-3345页

作者： Hongyun Wang Maryam Adamzade. We.le. A. Burge. shannon e. foley Hong Zhou De.artme.t of Applie. Mathe.atics University of California Santa Cruz CA USA U.S. De.artme.t of De.e.se Joint Intermediate Force Capabilities Office Quantico VA USA De.artme.t of Applie. Mathe.atics Naval Postgraduate School Monterey CA USA

We.conside. the.psychophysical e.pe.ime.ts in which the.te.t subje.t’s binary re.ction is de.e.mine. by the.pre.cribe. e.posure.duration to a stimulus and a random variable.subje.tive.thre.hold. For e.ample. whe. a subje.t is e.pose. to a millime.e. wave.be.m for a pre.cribe. duration, the.occurre.ce.of flight action is binary (ye. or no). In e.pe.ime.ts, in addition to the.binary outcome. the.actuation time.of flight action is also re.orde. if it occurs;the.de.ay from the.initiation time.to the.actuation time.of flight action is the.human re.ction time. which is not me.surable. In this study, we.mode. the.random subje.tive.thre.hold as a We.bull distribution and formulate.an infe.e.ce.me.hod for e.timating the.human re.ction time. from data of pre.cribe. e.posure.durations, binary outcome. and actuation time. of flight action colle.te. in a se.ue.ce.of te.ts. Nume.ical simulations de.onstrate.that the.infe.e.ce.of human re.ction time.base. on the.We.bull distribution conve.ge. to the.corre.t value.e.e. whe. the.unde.lying true.mode. de.iate. from the.infe.e.ce.mode.. This robustne.s of the.infe.e.ce.me.hod make. it applicable.to re.l e.pe.ime.tal data whe.e.the.unde.lying true.mode. is unknown.

关键词： Me.hod of Constant Stimuli Psychophysical e.pe.ime.ts Binary Outcome Biovariability Subje.tive.Thre.hold Human Re.ction Time

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Infe.e.ce.of Me.ian Subje.tive.Thre.hold in Psychophysical e.pe.ime.ts

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Journal of Applie. Mathe.atics and Physics 2021年第5期9卷 982-1002页

We.conside. the.re.ponse.of a te.t subje.t upon a skin are. be.ng he.te. with an e.e.tromagne.ic wave.or a contact surface. Whe. the.spe.ifications of the.e.e.tromagne.ic be.m are.fixe., the.stimulus is sole.y de.cribe. by the.he.ting duration. The.binary re.ponse.of a subje.t, e.cape.or no e.cape. is de.e.mine. by the.stimulus and a subje.tive.thre.hold that varie. among te.t re.lizations. We.study four me.hods for infe.ring the.me.ian subje.tive.thre.hold in psychophysical e.pe.ime.ts: 1) sample.me.ian, 2) maximum like.ihood e.timation (MLe. with 2 variable., 3) MLe.with 1 variable. and 4) adaptive.Baye.ian me.hod. While.me.hods 1 - 3 re.uire.sample. of time.to e.cape.me.sure. in the.me.hod of limits, me.hod 4 utilize. binary outcome. obse.ve. in the.me.hod of constant stimuli. We.find that a) the.adaptive.Baye.ian me.hod conve.ge. and is as e.ficie.t as the.sample.me.ian e.e. whe. the.assume. mode. distribution is incorre.t;b) this robust conve.ge.ce.is lost if we.infe. the.me.n inste.d of the.me.ian;c) for the.optimal pe.formance.in an unce.tain situation, it is be.t to use.a wide.mode. distribution;d) the.pre.icte. e.ror from the.poste.ior standard de.iation is unre.iable. dominate. by the.assume. mode. distribution.

关键词： Me.hod of Limits Me.hod of Constant Stimuli Subje.tive.Thre.hold Point of Subje.tive.e.uality (PSe. Adaptive.Baye.ian Me.hod

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One.pot and One.ste. Cu(0)-me.iate. Re.e.sible.De.ctivation Radical Polyme.ization of N-Isopropylacrylamide.NIPAM) in Wate.

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Chine.e.Journal of Polyme. Scie.ce 2024年第1期42卷 1-6,I0004页

作者： Zi-Shan Li Jing Lyu Be. Qiu Ying-Hao Li Ruth foley Ri-Jian Song Me.issa Johnson Qiang Ge.g We.-Xin Wang Institute.of Pre.ision Me.icine.AUST-IPM) Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China Charle. Institute.of De.matology School of MedicineUniversity College DublinDublin D04 V1W8Ireland

Coppe.(0)-me.iate. re.e.sible.de.ctivation radical polyme.ization(Cu(0)-me.iate. RDRP) of the.wate.-soluble.monome. Nisopropylacrylamide.NIPAM) has be.n challe.ging with the.proble.s of high dispe.sity, poor control ove. the.mole.ular we.ghts(MWs) or comple. or multi re.ction ste.s, e.c. In this work, we.re.ort the.we.l-controlle. polyme.ization of NIPAM in wate. via a facile.one.pot and one.ste. Cu(0)-me.iate. RDRP. The.re.ults of this approach show that the.ke. for kicking off the.Cu(0)-me.iate. NIPAM RDRPs is to e.sure.sufficie.t Cu~I at the.ve.y be.inning, and the.ke. to achie.e.a we.l-controlle. chain growth is to provide.ade.uate.de.ctivation stre.gth during the.polyme.ization proce.s. For NIPAM, which has a high propagation rate.constant, the.de.ctivation control can be.e.fe.tive.y e.hance. by e.tra adding de.ctivator(i.e., Cu~II) to the.syste.. More.ve., a low re.ction te.pe.ature.4 ℃) is ne.e.sary in the.controlle. synthe.is of highe. MW poly(Nisopropylacrylamide.(PNIPAM) to avoid the.compromise.in control cause. by the.phase.transition from its lowe. critical solution te.pe.ature.LCST). Through this ne. kine.ically controlle. strate.y, PNIPAMs with we.l-de.ine. structure. narrow mole.ular we.ght distributions(MWDs) and varie. MWs we.e.succe.sfully achie.e..

关键词： Cu(0)-me.iate. RDRP N-isopropylacrylamide Propagation De.ctivation Re.ction parame.e.s

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A Lasting Alliance

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英语沙龙（高中） 2015年第9期 26-29,38页

作者： Kare. e. Hong Tim foley

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De.e.tion of Borre.ia ame.icana in the.Avian Coastal Tick, Ixode. auritulus (Acari: Ixodidae., Colle.te. from a Bird Capture. in Canada

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Ope. Journal of Animal Scie.ce. 2016年第3期6卷 207-216页

作者： John D. Scott Jane. e. foley Re.e.rch Division Lyme Ontario Fergus Canada De.artme.t of Me.icine.and e.ide.iology School of Veterinary Medicine University of California Davis CA USA

We.docume.t the.first re.ord of Borre.ia ame.icana in Canada. This Borre.ia was de.e.te. in an avian coast tick, Ixode. auritulus (Acari: Ixodidae., colle.te. from a Varie. Thrush, Ixore.s nae.ius, along coastal British Columbia. Using re.l-time.PCR and DNA se.ue.cing of the.flage.lin ge.e. we.de.e.mine. that the.borre.ial amplicon from the.I. auritulus nymph was 99% homologous with B. ame.icana type.strain SCW-41. Be.ause.patie.ts infe.te. with B. ame.icana can be.se.one.ative.for Lyme.dise.se. me.ical profe.sionals should be.willing to pursue.mole.ular analyse. and conside. tre.tme.t for patie.ts with Lyme.dise.se.like.symptoms.

关键词： Borre.ia ame.icana Lyme.Dise.se Avian Coastal Tick Ixode. auritulus Varie. Thrush Songbird Bird Parasitism Canada

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Re.ional Coppe. De.icie.cy in White.Taile. De.r

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Ope. Journal of e.ology 2023年第1期13卷 9-21页

作者： Se.h T. Rankins Randy W. De.oung Aaron M. foley Alfonso Orte.a-S. Timothy e. Fulbright David G. He.itt Clayton D. Hilton Landon R. Schofie.d Tyle. A. Campbe.l Cae.ar Kle.e.g Wildlife.Re.e.rch Institute Texas A&M University-Kingsville Kingsville USA De.artme.t of Animal Scie.ce.and Ve.e.inary Te.hnology Texas A&M University-Kingsville Kingsville USA e.st Foundation Kingsville USA e.st Foundation San Antonio USA

Mine.als are.critical in maintaining he.lth and physiological function in wildlife. Ge.graphic variation in soil and forage.mine.al conce.tration may pre.ispose.wildlife.to mine.al imbalance., whe.e.a common symptom is re.tricte. somatic growth. We.inve.tigate. if mine.al imbalance. could e.plain localize. diffe.e.ce. in morphology of white.taile. de.r (Odocoile.s virginianus) occurring in ge.graphically proximate.site. with similar manage.e.t, climate. and habitat. We.colle.te. se.um sample. and morphological me.sure.e.ts from fre.-ranging white.taile. de.r capture. during 2011-2019 from coastal and inland range.and site. in South Te.as, USA. We.me.sure. mine.al conce.trations in se.um from capture. de.r at e.ch location. Asymptotic de.r body mass and antle. size.ave.age. 8% - 20% smalle. for de.r at the.coastal compare. to the.inland site. The.proportion of de.r with de.icie.t le.e.s of se.um coppe. was gre.te. at the.coastal site.(66% ve.sus 14%). Our re.ults sugge.t re.ional mine.al de.icie.cie. in de.r may limit antle. and body de.e.opme.t. Wildlife.manage.s should be.aware.of all aspe.ts of wildlife.nutrition and the.importance.of conside.ing nutrie.ts be.ond e.e.gy and prote.n.

关键词： Coppe. Mine.als Nutrition Ungulate. Se.um White.Taile. De.r

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Joint e.timation of Inconsiste.cy and State.of He.lth for Se.ie. Batte.y Packs

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Automotive.Innovation 2021年第1期4卷 103-116页

作者： Yunhong Che.Aoife.foley Moustafa e.‑Gindy Xianke.Lin Xiaosong Hu Michae. Pe.ht De.artme.t of Automotive.e.gine.ring Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China School of Me.hanical&Ae.ospace.e.gine.ring Queen’s UniversityBelfast BT95AHUK School of e.gine.ring Trinity College DublinUniversity of DublinCollege GreenDublin 2Ireland De.artme.t of Automotive Mechanical and Manufacturing EngineeringOntario Tech University2000 Simcoe St NOshawaON L1G 0C5Canada Ce.te. for Advance. Life.Cycle.e.gine.ring University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA

Batte.y packs are.applie. in various are.s(e.g.,e.e.tric ve.icle.,e.e.gy storage.space.mining,e.c.),which re.uire. the.state.of he.lth(SOH)to be.accurate.y ***,also known as ce.l variation,is conside.e. a significant e.aluation inde. that gre.tly affe.ts the.de.radation of batte.y *** pape. propose. a nove. joint inconsiste.cy and SOH e.timation me.hod unde. cycling,which fills the.gap of joint e.timation base. on the.fast-charging proce.s for e.e.tric ***,fifte.n fe.ture. are.e.tracte. from curre.t change.points during the.partial charging ***,a joint e.timation syste. is de.igne.,whe.e.fusion we.ghts are.obtaine. by the.analytic hie.archy proce.s and multi-scale.sample.e.tropy to e.aluate.inconsiste.cy.A wrappe. is use. to se.e.t the.optimal fe.ture.subse.,and Gaussian proce.s re.re.sion is imple.e.te. to e.timate.the.***,the.e.timation pe.formance.is asse.se. by the.te.t *** re.ults show that the.inconsiste.cy e.aluation can re.le.t the.aging conditions,and the.inconsiste.cy doe. affe.t the.aging *** wrappe. se.e.tion me.hod improve. the.accuracy of SOH e.timation by about 75.8%compare. to the.traditional filte. me.hod whe. only 10%of data is use. for mode. *** maximum absolute.e.ror and root me.n square.e.ror are.2.58%and 0.93%,re.pe.tive.y.

关键词： Batte.y pack inconsiste.cy State.of he.lth Fusion we.ght Fe.ture.se.e.tion GPR

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e.fe.t of vildagliptin as add-on the.apy to a low-dose.me.formin

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World Journal of Diabe.e. 2010年第1期1卷 19-26页

作者： Claudia Filozof She.wyn Schwartz Jame. e.foley Diabe.e. Principal Me.ical Scie.tific e.pe.t Novartis Pharma AG Diabe.e. and Glandular Dise.se.Clinic Novartis Pharmace.ticals Corporation

AIM:To e.aluate.the.e.ficacy and safe.y of the.addition of vildagliptin to low-dose.me.formin and compare.it to an uptitration of me.formin in type.2 diabe.e. me.litus(T2DM) patie.ts who have.inade.uate.control with me.formin ***:e.igible.patie.ts we.e.randomize. to re.e.ve.vildagliptin 100 mg qd or me.formin(500 mg qd for 2 wk and the. 500 mg bid) adde. to ope. labe. me.tformin 500 mg bid for the.24 *** primary e.dpoi nt was base.ine.to e.dpoint he.oglobin A1c(HbA1c) ***:The.adjuste. me.n change.from base.ine.in HbA1c at the.24th wk was-0.51% in the.vildagliptin/me.formin group(me.n base.ine.HbA1c:7.4%) and-0.37% in the.me.formin monothe.a py group(me.n base.ine.HbA1c:7.3%).The.me.n diffe.re.ce.was-0.14% with 95% Confide.ce.Inte.val(-0.24%,-0.05%).As non-inf e.riority(margin of 0.4%) was achie.e.,a te.t for supe.iority was *** te.t showe. statistically significant supe.iority of the.combination ove. monothe.apy group(P = 0.002).Gastrointe.tinal(GI) adve.se.e.e.ts we.e.signif icantly more.fre.ue.t in the.me.formin group than the.combin ation group(21.0% vs 15.4%,P = 0.032).CONCLUSION:In patie.ts with T2DM inade.uate.y controlle. with me.formin up to 1000 mg daily,the.addition of vildagliptin 100 mg daily achie.e. large. HbA1c re.uction with fe.e. GI e.e.ts than with incre. sing the.me.formin dose.

关键词： Vildagliptin Me.formin Dipe.tidyl pe.tid ase.4 He.oglobin A1c Glucagon-like pe.tide.1 Gastrointe.tinal side e.fe.ts

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从钛铁矿中离析铁的研究

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国外金属矿选矿 1975年第4期 13-18页

作者： K.Tittll e.foley 施辉亮

近年来,对用于铜矿石的托尔科（TORCO）离析法作了不少的研究。此种技术还可用以蒸发转移其他金属。本文将报告从钛铁矿离析铁以产出人造金红石的研究。在1220～1320°K下用天然海滨钛铁矿砂,活性木炭和通入控制数量的HCl气体的混合物... 详细信息

近年来,对用于铜矿石的托尔科（TORCO）离析法作了不少的研究。此种技术还可用以蒸发转移其他金属。本文将报告从钛铁矿离析铁以产出人造金红石的研究。在1220～1320°K下用天然海滨钛铁矿砂,活性木炭和通入控制数量的HCl气体的混合物对各种反应参数进行了研究。研究发现,除去含铁量的75～80％是可能的,其余的15％则呈金属铁状态存在于钛铁矿颗粒之中。酸浸很容易除去这部份铁,得出含原矿石中的5～10％铁和大部分锰和镁的产品。根据对离析产品的化学和相组成的详细研究,已经能确定在固相间所发生的反应程序。在反应的后几个阶段,残余的钛铁矿就变成难于酸浸的含Mg、Mn和Fe.假象板钛矿。这就限制了“金红石”产品的质量——最高含Ti02量为89～92％。

关键词：铁矿砂还原速度 Ti 注入速度除铁反应参数氯化氢氢化合物金红石钛矿物 HCI 氧化钦反应温度 Fe 钛铁矿

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