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Predicting Yield and Stability Analysis of Wheat under Different Crop Management Systems across Agro-Ecosystems in India

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第8期8卷 1977-2012页

作者： Mangi lal jat Raj Kumar jat Parvinder Singh shankar lal jat Harminder Singh Sidhu Hanuman Sahay jat Deepak Bijarniya Chiter Mal Parihar Raj Gupta International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) National Agriculture Science Center (NASC) Complex New Delhi India Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) Indian Institute of Maize Research New Delhi India Borlaug Institute for South Asia (BISA) International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) New Delhi India

The objectives of the study were as follows: 1) to evaluate the GxExM for wheat genotypes;2) to predict yield performance and identify high stable wheat genotypes in different management practices;and 3) to make genotype-specific management and high performing genotype recommendations within and across agro-ecological regions. A diverse set of twenty-one genotypes was evaluated over three years (2012, 2013 and 2014) under two levels of crop management practices (CT and ZT) across three agro-ecological regions (BR, MP and PB) of India in replicated trials. Data were analyzed with SASGxE and RGxE programs using SAS and R programming languages, respectively. Across and within a location(s), the pattern of GxExM and GxMxY interactions (respectively) among univariate and multivariate stability statistics, grouping of genotypes in divisive clusters and estimates (with a prediction interval) of genotype varied in management practice CT and ZT. Across locations, the genotypes “Munal” and “HD-2967” were the best performers and high stable in CT and ZT, respectively. Genotypes “HD-2824” and “DPW-621-50”, and “Munal” may serve as diverse parents for developing high quality, climate smart, locally adapted genotypes for BR in CT and ZT, respectively. Genotypes “HD-2932”, “BAZ” and “JW-3288”, and “GW-322” and “HD-2967” are suitable for developing locally adapted stress tolerant genotypes for MP in management practices CT and ZT, respectively. Relatively small GxM and GxExM interactions in PB preclude in making definitive conclusions.

关键词： Stability Analysis GxExM BLUPs Forest Plots GGE Biplot Wheat Univariate Stability Statistics

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Long-Term Conservation Agriculture and Intensified Cropping Systems:Effects on Growth,Yield,Water,and Energy-use Efficiency of Maize in Northwestern India

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Pedosphere 2018年第6期28卷 952-963页

作者： Chiter M.PARIHAR Malu R.YADAV shankar L.jat Aditya K.SINGH Bhupender KUMAR Vijay POONIYA Sanatan PRADHAN Rakesh K.VERMA Mangi L.jat Raj K.jat Muli D.PARIHAR Hari S.NAYAK Yashpal S.SAHARAWAT Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Institute of Maize Research New Delhi 110012(India) Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi 110012(India) International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center New Delhi 110012(India) Borlaug Institute for South Asia Samastipur 848125(India) Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar 125004(India) International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas Kabul 11082010(Afghanistan)

Conservation agriculture(CA)-based best-bet crop management practices may increase crop and water productivity, while conserving and sustaining natural resources. We evaluated the performance of rainy season maize during 2014 under an ongoing long-term trial(established in 2008) with three tillage practices, i.e., permanent bed(PB), zero tillage(ZT), and conventional tillage(CT) as main plots, and four intensified maize-based cropping systems, i.e., maize-wheat-mungbean, maize-chickpea-Sesbania(MCS), maizemustard-mungbean, and maize-maize-Sesbania) as subplot treatments. In the seventh rainy season of the experiment, maize growth parameters, yield attributes, yield, and water-and energy-use efficiency were highest at fixed plots under ZT. Maize growth parameters were significantly(P < 0.05) superior under ZT and PB compared with CT. Maize yield attributes, including cobs per m^2(7.8), cob length(0.183 m), grain rows per cob(13.8), and grains per row(35.6), were significantly higher under ZT than CT; however, no significant effect of cropping systems was found on maize growth and yield attributes. Zero tillage exhibited the highest maize productivity(4 589 kg ha^(-1)). However, among the cropping systems, MCS exhibited the highest maize productivity(4 582 kg ha^(-1)). In maize, water use was reduced by 80.2–120.9 mm ha-1under ZT and PB compared with CT, which ultimately enhanced the economic water-use efficiency by 42.0% and 36.6%, respectively. The ZT and PB showed a 3.5%–31.8% increase in soil organic carbon(SOC) at different soil depths(0–0.45 m), and a 32.3%–39.9% increase in energy productivity compared with CT. Overall, our results showed that CA-based ZT and PB practices coupled with diversified maize-based cropping systems effectively enhanced maize yield and SOC,as well as water-and energy-use efficiency, in northwestern India.

关键词： conventional tillage economic water-use efficiency permanent bed rainy season soil organic carbon zero tillage

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Arsenic Removal from Groundwater Using Iron Pyrite:Influence Factors and Removal Mechanism

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Journal of Earth Science 2023年第3期34卷 857-867页

作者： Muhammad Yousuf jat Baloch Chunli Su Shakeel Ahmed Talpur Javed Iqbal Kulvinder Bajwa School of Environmental Studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentWuhan 430078China College of New Energy and Environment Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021China University School for Graduates Studies Chaudhary Devi Lal University125055 Sirsa HaryanaIndia

Iron pyrite has been reported as a kind of potential material for arsenic(As)removal from the groundwater because it exhibits a strong attraction in groundwater for both arsenite and arsenate *** this study,batch adsorption experiments were carried out to determine the optimum conditions for As adsorption by the iron pyrite adsorbent,including the initial concentration,adsorbent dosage ratio,pH,temperature and stirring *** characterization methods were employed to identify the mechanism of As *** removal efficiency for As(Ⅲ)was observed 93%at pH=7,and for As(Ⅴ)was 95%observed at pH=*** model resulted in the maximum adsorption capacity(q_(m))for As(Ⅲ)and As(Ⅴ)were 571.7 and 671.1μg/g,respectively,as well as the experiments were found to be favorable as separation factor R_(L)1)indicates favorable *** pseudo-first and second-order kinetic models also fitted *** addition of oxalate on the adsorbent surface plays an important role for the recycling of Fe(Ⅱ)/Fe(Ⅲ)to minimize the arsenic *** surface area,ion exchange mechanism and structure of adsorbent confirmed that addition of oxalate could enhance the surface area of adsorbent.

关键词： arsenic groundwater pyrite adsorption oxalate hydrochemistry

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Studies of Surfactant in Photogalvanic Cell for Solar Energy Conversion and Storage

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2017年第2期7卷 125-136页

作者： Shiv Ram Saini shankar lal Meena Ramesh Chand Meena Department of Chemistry JNVU Jodhpur India

The photogalvanic effect was studied in photogalvanic cell containing orange G as Photosensitizer, sodium lauryl sulphate and EDTA as reducing agent. The photo-outputs with EDTA are higher for Solar Energy Conversion and Storage. The current-voltage relations of the cell have been measured in the dark and light under both forward and reverse direction. The photo potential and photocurrent generated was found to be 960.0 mV and 350.0 μA, respectively. The observed conversion efficiency was 1.52% fill factor and the maximum power of cell was 0.47 μA and 158.9 μW. The storage capacity of the cell was 80.0 minutes in dark. A mechanism was proposed for the generation of photocurrent in photo galvanic cell.

关键词： Orange-G NaLS (Surfactant) Photopotential Photocurrent Conversion Efficiency

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锌粉处理——控制文物青铜病的一种有效方法

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中国博物馆 1996年第2期 89-94页

作者： V.C.Sharma Uma shankar lal M.V.Nair 刘恩迪故宫博物院

背景出土文物在接触到空气中过量的氧气和水分时,在某些被含有氯化物土壤复盖着的铜器上,碱式氯化铜形成互不相连的小凸起,这些凸起物的来源是不稳定的氯化亚铜,其最里层与金属基体相接触。

关键词：氯化亚铜青铜病封闭层锌粉氧化亚铜氯化银相对湿度扫描式电子显微镜氧化银氯化物

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