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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 314-329页

作者： Komal Daya Soni Khem Singh shankar g.aggarwal CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Dr.K.S.Krishnan MargNew Delhi 110012India Academy of Scientific&Innovative Research(AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002India

Vehicular emissions are considered one of the major anthropogenic sources of greenhouse gases and poor air quality in metropolitan *** study aims to see the correlation of CO_(2),CH_(4),and CO through monitoring over a period from December 2020 to October 2021 covering three seasons’winter,summer,and monsoon at two different traffic locations of Delhi having different traffic volumes,road patterns,and traffic *** annual average morning concentration of CO_(2),CH_(4)and CO was found(533±105),(7.3±3.1),(10.7±3.0)ppm at Najafgarh and(480±70),(5.2±1.8),(7.8±2.8)ppm at Rajendra Place,respectively.A relationship between concentration of all three gases and meteorological parameters such as temperature,humidity,wind speed and wind direction has also been investigated using Pearson correlation coefficient and pollution rose diagram.A comparable pattern in concentration was observed for all three gases in spatial(location)and temporal(diurnal)*** concentration trend of CO_(2)in different seasons is winter>summer>monsoon,while in the case of CH_(4)winter=summer>monsoon but not any seasonal trend was noted in CO *** is observed that CO_(2)has a good relation with CO(a tracer for vehicular emission)in terms of diurnal variation,whereas,CH_(4)does not represent a relation with CO and CO_(2)diurnally,suggesting that vehicles are the source of CO_(2)but not much contributing to other greenhouse gases like CH_(4).

关键词： Vehicular emission greenhouse gases Harmful pollutants Meteorological parameters

Optimization of variables and assessment of in-vitro and in-vivo antihyperlipidemic activity of Eudragit RS nanoparticles containing simvastatin

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 189-198页

作者： Bina gidwani Vishal Jain Veenu Joshi Ravindra Kumar Pandey Shiv shankar Shukla Amber Vyas Columbia Institute of Pharmacy Raipur(C.G.)India University Institute of Pharmacy Pt Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur(C.G.)India Center for Basic Science and Research Pt Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur(C.G.)India

Simvastatin, a BCS class II drug, is associated with poor aqueous solubility, first-pass metabolism and short half-life. In the present work, nanoparticles were prepared and evaluated. Optimization of formulation and process parameters was done through the use of independent and dependent variables. Preliminary studies were done to determine suitable range of the concentration of Eudragit polymer (10%–30%) and the ratio of drug to polymer (1:1 to 1:5) for the formation of nanoparticles by emulsification and a solvent evaporation technique. Results revealed that the mean size of nanoparticles was affected by stirring speed from 5000 RPM, 8000 RPM, and 12000 RPM. The results of increase in association efficiency and percent yield with increase in amount of drug from 100 mg, 150 mg, and 200 mg in selected range were observed. In-vitro release studies showed that two formulations possess highest initial burst and slow sustained drug release. There was 2.93-fold decrease in total cholesterol and 3.27-fold increases in triglyceride level during in-vivo study.

关键词： Simvastatin Eudragit RS 100 Nanoparticles Hyperlipidemia

Biological,pathological,and multifaceted therapeutic functions of exosomes to target cancer

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Oncology Research 2024年第1期32卷 73-94页

作者： VIgNESH BALAJI E DIVYA RAMESH MANISHA CHUNgAN SHAJU AKSHARA KUMAR SAMYAK PANDEY RAKSHA NAYAK V.ALKA SRISHTI MUNJAL AMIR SALIMI K.SREEDHARA RANgANATH PAI shankar M.BAKKANNAVAR Department of Pharmacology Manipal College of Pharmaceutical SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India School of Health and Community Services Durham CollegeOshawaOntarioL1G2G5Canada Department of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Affairs and Management Manipal College of Pharmaceutical SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India Department of Clinical Psychology Manipal College of Health ProfessionsManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India Department of Speech and Hearing Manipal College of Health ProfessionsManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India Department of Pharmacy Practice Manipal College of Pharmaceutical SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India

Exosomes,small tiny vesicle contains a large number of intracellular particles that employ to cause various diseases and prevent several pathological events as well in the human *** is considered a“double-edged sword”,and depending on its biological source,the action of exosomes varies under physiological ***,the isolation and characterization of the exosomes should be performed accurately and the methodology also will vary depending on the exosome ***,the uptake of exosomes from the recipients’cells is a vital and initial step for all the physiological *** are different mechanisms present in the exosomes’cellular uptake to deliver their cargo to acceptor *** the exosomal uptake takes place,it releases the intracellular particles that leads to activate the physiological *** though exosomes have lavish functions,there are some challenges associated with every step of their preparation to bring potential therapeutic ***,overcoming the pitfalls would give a desired quantity of exosomes with high purity.

关键词： Exosomes Physiology Cancer Therapeutics Challenges

Fatal Cardiac Tamponade following Road Traffic Accident

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2023年第1期9卷 88-90页

作者： g.N.Pramod Kumar Smitha Rani shankar M.Bakkannavar Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Karwar Institute of Medical SciencesKarwar Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology JSS Medical CollegeJSS Academy of Higher Education and ResearchMysore Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnatakaIndia

Cardiac tamponade following blunt trauma results from cardiac rupture,leading to death even before the patient can receive medical *** such cases,the collected fluid(blood)in the pericardium inhibits the diastolic filling compressing the myocardium resulting in obstructive *** are reporting the case report of a 30-year-old male who was brought dead to the hospital with a history of road traffic *** investigating officer informed that the deceased driver was not wearing a seat *** findings showed fresh blood clots of 600 g in the pericardial sac with rupture of the left ventricular wall of the *** were contusions on the anterior aspect of the vertebrae corresponding to the heart *** it is impossible to prevent all the cases of cardiac tamponade,we can avoid the ones resulting from *** case intends to stress the importance of wearing a seat belt while driving a car to prevent fatal injuries.

关键词： Blunt chest trauma cardiac rupture seat belt traumatic cardiac tamponade

Analysis of Multi-Component Non-Stationary Signals Using Fourier-Bessel Series and Wigner-Hough Transform

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2017年第1期15卷 69-76页

作者： g.Ravi shankar Reddy Rameshwar Rao Department of Electonics and Communication Engineering CVR College of EngineeringHyderabad 501510India Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad 500085India

We presented a novel Fourier-Bessel（FB）series and Wigner-Hough transform（WHT） method for the analysis of multi-component non-stationary *** FB series decomposed multi-component nonstationary signals into mono-component signals. The Wigner-Ville distribution（WVD） was applied to each mono-component signal to analyze its time-frequency distribution（TFD）. Summing up the WVDs of the individual components resulted in TFDs of the multicomponent signals, where the cross terms and noise were significantly reduced. The Hough transform（HT）was applied on the TFD of the multi-component signal（obtained from FB-WVD）. The HT provides an important tool for mapping the signals onto a parameter space where the detection and estimation problems are made easier. This mapping can be used in the detection and parameter estimation of signals which are unknown and embedded in noise.

关键词： decomposed Bessel Wigner stationary overlapping reconstructed chirp priori utilized drawback

Optimal Confidential Mechanisms in Smart City Healthcare

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 4883-4896页

作者： R.gopi P.Muthusamy P.Suresh C.g.gabriel Santhosh Kumar Irina V.Pustokhina Denis A.Pustokhin K.shankar Department of Computing Science and Engineering Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Engineering CollegePerambalur621212India School of Computing Science and Engineering Galgotias UniversityNCRDelhi203201India Department of Computer Science and Engineering KPR Institute of Engineering and TechnologyCoimbatore641407India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering K.Ramakrishnan College of EngineeringTiruchirappalli621112India Department of Entrepreneurship and Logistics Plekhanov Russian University of EconomicsMoscow117997Russia Department of Logistics State University of ManagementMoscow109542Russia Department of Computer Applications Alagappa UniversityKaraikudi630001India

Smart City Healthcare(SHC2)system is applied in monitoring the patient at home while it is also expected to react to their needs in a timely *** system also concedes the freedom of a *** is a part of this system and it helps in providing care to the *** healthcare devices are trustworthy since it almost certainly recognizes the potential intensifications at very early stage and alerts the patients and medical experts to such an extent that they are provided with immediate *** methodologies exhibit few shortcomings in terms of computational complexity,cost and data ***,the current research article examines SHC2 security through LightWeight Cipher(LWC)with Optimal S-Box model in PRESENT *** procedure aims at changing the sub bytes in which a single function is connected with several bytes’information to upgrade the security level through Swam *** key contribution of this research article is the development of a secure healthcare model for smart city using SHC2 security via LWC and Optimal S-Box *** study used a nonlinear layer and single 4-bit S box for round configuration after verifying SHC2 information,constrained by Mutual Authentication(MA).The security challenges,in healthcare information systems,emphasize the need for a methodology that immovably concretes the *** methodology should act practically,be an effective healthcare framework that depends on solidarity and adapts to the developing *** service providers integrated the IoT applications and medical services to offer individuals,a seamless technology-supported healthcare *** proposed SHC^(2) was implemented to demonstrate its security levels in terms of time and access *** model was tested under different parameters such as encryption time,decryption time,access time and response time inminimum ***,the level of the model and throughput were analyzed by maximum value i.e.,50Mbp

关键词： Smart city healthcare security block cipher LWC

Oscillatory-Plus-Transient Signal Decomposition Using TQWT and MCA

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2019年第2期17卷 135-151页

作者： g. Ravi shankar Reddy Rameshwar Rao Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering CVR College of Engineering Hyderabad 500029 India Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad Hyderabad 500029 India

This paper describes a method for decomposing a signal into the sum of an oscillatory component and a transient component. The process uses the tunable Q-factor wavelet transform (TQWT): The oscillatory component is modeled as a signal that can be sparsely denoted by high Q-factor TQWT;similarly, the transient component is modeled as a piecewise smooth signal that can be sparsely denoted using low Q-factor TQWT. Since the low and high Q-factor TQWT has low coherence, the morphological component analysis (MCA) can effectively decompose the signal into oscillatory and transient components. The corresponding optimization problem of MCA is resolved by the split augmented Lagrangian shrinkage algorithm (SALSA). The applications of the proposed method to speech, electroencephalo-graph (EEg), and electrocardiograph (ECg) signals are included.

关键词： Morphological component analysis (MCA) oscillatory component split augmented Lagrangian shrinkage algorithm (SALSA) transient component tunable Q-factor wavelet transform (TQWT)

A stability-indicating LC–MS/MS method for zidovudine: Identification,characterization and toxicity prediction of two major acid degradation products

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2017年第4期7卷 231-236页

作者： Prashant S.Devrukhakar M.Shiva shankar g.shankar R.Srinivas School of Advance Sciences Vellore Institute of technology (VIT) National Centre for Mass Spectrometry CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology

Zidvovudine(AZT) is a nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor(NRTI), a class of anti-retroviral drug. A stability-indicating assay method for AZT was developed in line with ICH guideline. Successful separation of AZT and its degradation products was achieved by gradient elution mode on reverse phase C_(18) column using 10 mM ammonium acetate: acetonitrile as the mobile phase at 0.8 mL/min flow rate, 25 μL injection volume, 30 °C column temperature and 285 nm detection wavelength. Two major acid degradation products were identified and characterized by liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(LC–ESI/MS/MS) and accurate mass measurements. The probable mechanisms for the formation of degradation products were identified based on a comparison of the fragmentation pattern of the [M + H]^+ions of AZT and its degradation products. One of the degradation products, DP-1, was isolated by semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) using Waters XBridge Prep C_(18)(250 mm×10 mm, 5 μm).Degradation products showed higher toxicity compared to the drug in some models assessed by TOPKAT software. The method validation was performed with respect to robustness, specificity, linearity, precision and accuracy as per ICH guideline Q2(R1).

关键词： Zidvovudine Stability study Degradation products In-silico toxicity prediction LC–ESI/MS/MS Degradation pathway

Bifurcation phenomena and control for magnetohydrodynamic flows in a smooth expanded channel

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第11期23卷 374-383页

作者： g.C.Layek Mani shankar Mandal H.A.Khalaf Department of Mathematics The University of Burdwan Department of Mathematics Krishnagar Govt. College KrishnagarNadia 741101India Thi-Qar University Marshes Research Center Thi-QarIraq

This work reports the effects of magnetic field on an electrically conducting fluid with low electrical conductivity flowing in a smooth expanded channel. The governing nonlinear magnetohydrodynamic （MHD） equations in induction- free situations are derived in the framework of MHD approximations and solved numerically using the finite-difference technique. The critical values of Reynolds number （based on upstream mean velocity and channel height） for symmetry breaking bifurcation for a sudden expansion channel （1：4） is about 36, whereas the value in the case of the smooth expansion geometry used in this work is obtained as 298, approximately （non-magnetic case）. The flow of an electrically conducting fluid in the presence of an externally applied constant magnetic field perpendicular to the plane of the flow is reduced significantly depending on the magnetic parameter （M）. It is expansion （1：4） is about 475 for the magnetic parameter M found that the critical value of Reynolds number for smooth = 2. The separating regions developed behind the smooth symmetric expansion are decreased in length for increasing values of the magnetic parameter. The bifurcation diagram is shown for a symmetric smoothly expanding channel. It is noted that the critical values of Reynolds number increase with increasing magnetic field strength.

关键词： weakly electrically conducting fluid flow bifurcation asymmetric flow smooth expansion

Effect of pellet die diameter on density and durability of pellets made from high moisture woody and herbaceous biomass

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2018年第1期1卷 44-54页

作者： Jaya shankar Tumuluru 750 University Blvd Biofuels DepartmentEnergy Systems LaboratoryIdaho National LaboratoryIdaho FallsID 83415-3750USA

Densified products produced from pellet mill are commercially used as a commodity type product for energy applications that are transported nationally and *** quality of the pelletized biomass produced depends on the process variables such as die diameter,length to diameter(L/D)ratio,die speed,preheating,and steam conditioning;and feedstock variables such as feedstock type,moisture content,and particle size and *** the present study,pelleting tests were conducted with both woody(i.e.,lodgepole pine and pinyon-juniper)and herbaceous(i.e.,corn stover,wheat straw,and energy sorghum)biomass.A high level of feedstock moisture content of 33%(w.b.)was selected,while the die speed and preheating temperature process variables were kept at 60 Hz(380 rpm)and 70*** indicated that during the pelleting and cooling process,an approximate 10–13%(w.b.)moisture loss in both the woody and herbaceous biomass was *** high moisture pellets produced were further dried in a laboratory oven at 70C for three hours to reduce the moisture content of the pellets tog unit,bulk,and tapped density;and *** pellets that resulted in the highest unit,bulk,and tapped densities following this process were the herbaceous biomass corn stover(e.g.,>1133,>580,>620 kg/m3)and the woody biomass lodgepole pine(e.g.,>1037,>568,>641 kg/m3),*** the case of durability for the 8 mm diameter pellets,wheat straw and corn stover recorded a maximum of about 96%,respectively,while the lodgepole pine and pinion juniper recorded a maximum of>96%,respectively.

关键词： Woody and herbaceous biomass High moisture pelleting Unit Bulk density Tapped density Durability