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Exploration of the metabolic flexibility of glycogen accumulating organisms through metatranscriptome analysis and metabolic characterization

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第4期126卷 234-248页

作者： Bin Zhao Yanping Yang Chen Zhao Chunchun Zhang Zhaohui Zhang Liang wang Shang Wang Jingfeng wang School of Environmental Science Engineering Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China Department of Hygienic Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational MedicineTianjin 300201China

Glycogen accumulating organisms(GAOs) are closely related to the deterioration of enhanced biological phosphorus removal systems. However, the metabolic mechanisms that drive GAOs remain unclear. Here, the two-thirds supernatant of a reactor were decanted following the anaerobic period to enrich GAOs. Long-term monitoring demonstrated that the system was stable and exhibited typical characteristics of GAOs metabolism. Acetate was completely consumed after 60 min of the anaerobic phase. The level of glycogen decreased from 0.20 to 0.14 g/gSS during the anaerobic phase, whereas the level of glycogen significantly increased to 0.21g/gSS at the end of the aerobic period. Moreover, there was almost no phosphate release and absorption in the complete periods, thus confirming the successful construction of a GAOs enrichment system. Microbial community analysis demonstrated that Ca. Contendobacter was among the core functional genera and showed the highest activity among all of the communities. Furthermore, our study is the first to identify the involvement of the ethyl-malonyl-CoA pathway in the synthesis of polyhydroxyvalerate via croR, ccr, ecm, mcd, mch and mcl genes. The Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas(EMP) pathway was preferentially used via glgP. Furthermore, the glyoxylate cycle was the main source of ATP under anaerobic conditions, whereas the tricarboxylic acid cycle provided ATP under aerobic conditions. aceA and mdh appeared to be major modulators of the glyoxylate pathway for controlling energy flow. Collectively, our findings not only revealed the crucial metabolic mechanisms in a GAOs enrichment system but also provided insights into the potential application of Ca. Contendobacter for wastewater treatment.

关键词： Glycogen accumulating organisms Intracellular storage Metatranscriptome Bacterial community Glyoxylate pathway

Construction of quaternary carbon centers by KOtBu-catalyzed α-homoallylic alkylation of lactams with 1,3-dienes

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Organic Chemistry Frontiers 2022年第6期9卷 1642-1648页

作者： Shang Wang Yunfei Xiang Tiantian Chen Xiang Wu Dong Xing shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China

We report a KOtBu-catalyzed α-homoallylic alkylation of lactams with 1,3-dienes. With this transitionmetal-free and atom-economical protocol, a variety of α-homoallylic alkylated lactams bearingα-quaternary carbon centers were formed in a 2,1-addition manner with excellent regioselectivity. Acation–π interaction between the in situ-generated potassium enolate and the diene is proposed to play akey role in accelerating this transformation.

关键词： quaternary centers catalyzed

Fatigue Life Prediction for SiC/Al Materials Based on Path Planning Algorithm Considering Residual Stress

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2023年第1期36卷 344-355页

作者： Wenqian shang Xintian Liu Xu wang Xiaolan wang School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai201620China

To explore the influence of path deflection on crack propagation,a path planning algorithm is presented to calculate the crack growth length.The fatigue crack growth life of metal matrix composites(MMCs)is estimated based on an improved Paris formula.Considering the different expansion coefficient of different materials,the unequal shrinkage will lead to residual stress when the composite is molded and cooled.The crack growth model is improved by the modified stress ratio based on residual stress.The Dijkstra algorithm is introduced to avoid the cracks passing through the strengthening base and the characteristics of crack steps.This model can be extended to predict crack growth length for other similarly-structured composite materials.The shortest path of crack growth is simulated by using path planning algorithm,and the fatigue life of composites is calculated based on the shortest path and improved model.And the residual stress caused by temperature change is considered to improve the fatigue crack growth model in the material.The improved model can well predict the fatigue life curve of composites.By analyzing the fatigue life of composites,it is found that there is a certain regularity based on metal materials,and the new fatigue prediction model can also reflect this regularity.

关键词： Fatigue life estimation Path planning Residual temperature stress Composite material

Effects of soybean oil exposure on the survival,reproduction,biochemical responses,and gut microbiome of the earthworm Eisenia fetida

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第11期133卷 23-36页

作者： Yating Du Guangshen shang Junjie Zhai Xing wang College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming Beijing 100193China Organic Recycling Research Institute(Suzhou) China Agricultural UniversitySuzhou 215100China

With increasing production of kitchen waste,cooking oil gradually enters the soil,where it can negatively affect soil fauna.In this study,we explored the effects of soybean oil on the survival,growth,reproduction,tissue structure,biochemical responses,mRNA expression,and gut microbiome of earthworms(Eisenia fetida).The median lethal concentration of soybean oil was found to be 15.59%.Earthworm growth and reproduction were significantly inhibited following exposure to a sublethal concentration of soybean oil(1/3 LC50,5.2%).The activity of the antioxidant enzymes total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD),peroxidase(POD),and catalase(CAT)were affected under soybean oil exposure.The glutathione(GSH)content decreased significantly,whereas that of the lipid peroxide malondialdehyde(MDA)increased significantly after soybean oil exposure.mRNA expression levels of the SOD,metallothionein(MT),lysenin and lysozyme were significantly upregulated.The abundance of Bacteroides species,which are related to mineral oil repair,and Muribaculaceae species,which are related to immune regulation,increased within the earthworm intestine.These results indicate that soybean oil waste is toxic to earthworms.Thus,earthworms deployed defense mechanisms involving antioxidant system and gut microbiota for protection against soybean oil exposure-induced stress.

关键词： Gene expression Gut microbiota Eisenia fetida Soybean oil Reproduction

Arterial and venous thromboembolism risk associated with blood eosinophils: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2022年第5期5卷 470-481页

作者： Wei-Jie Xu Shang Wang Ping Yuan Lan wang Jun-Xia Huang Rong Jiang Department of Clinical Laboratory Shanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation Shanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Hematology Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandongChina

The association between blood eosinophil(EOS)counts and arterial/venous throm-bosis is unclear.We aim to explore whether EOS count is a risk factor for throm-bosis.We searched several databases and preprint platforms using core terms‘eosinophil’,‘myocardial infarction’,‘ischemic stroke’,and‘venous thromboembo-lism’(VTE),among others.Studies comparing the odds ratios(ORs)or risk ratios(RRs)of EOSs with the abovementioned diseases were eligible.Overall,22 studies were included.A high EOS count was associated with acute coronary artery throm-bosis events(OR:1.23,95%CI:1.15-1.32),short-term cerebral infarction and mor-tality(RR:2.87,95%CI:1.49-5.51).The short-term risk of VTE was more common in patients with EOS-related diseases(RR:6.52,95%CI:2.42-17.54).For coronary artery disease,a high EOS count was a protective factor against 6-month to 1-year mortality(RR:0.56,95%CI:0.45-0.69)but was associated with long-term mortal-ity(RR:1.64,95%CI:1.25-2.14).Therefore,we conclude that for coronary artery thrombosis,EOS count is not associated with AMI events in general population.It may be associated with NSTEMI and STEMI in CAD patients,but more studies are needed to confirm this.In addition,EOS count is associated with an increased risk of both short-and long-term mortality but is not predictive of the composite end-points.For cerebral artery thrombosis,EOS count may be associated with cerebral infarction and could lead to an increased risk of poor short-term prognosis.For VTEs,EOS count was a risk factor for some patients,especially those with acute-phase EOS-related diseases.

关键词： eosinophil ischemic stroke myocardial infarction pulmonary embolism thrombosis

Polyethylene glycol derived carbon quantum dots nanofluids:An excellent lubricant for diamond-like carbon film/bearing steel contact

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Friction 2022年第9期10卷 1393-1404页

作者： Fu wang Lunlin shang Guangan ZHANG Zhaofeng wang State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Polyethylene glycol derived carbon quantum dots nanofluids were synthesized via a slow thermal oxidation process.The size of carbon quantum dots was ca.2 nm and had a decreasing trend with the increase of oxidation time.When used as lubricant in a diamond-like carbon film/bearing steel interface,the nanofluids achieved an ultra-low friction coefficient(μ≈0.02),much lower than that of original polyethylene glycol(μ=0.12).The worn surface analyses revealed that the nanofluids could effectively inhibit the tribo-oxidation of steel counterpart that occurred under original polyethylene glycol lubrication,and hence reduced the abrasion component of friction.Especially,the poly-hydroxyl carbon dots and oxidized polyethylene glycol species in nanofluids induced a hydroxyl-rich sliding interface via their tribochemical reactions with friction surfaces,which promoted the adsorption of polyethylene glycol molecules on sliding surfaces.Along with the mild corrosion wear of steel counterface,this shifted the boundary lubrication to a mixed/film lubrication regime,thereby achieving an ultra-low friction coefficient.The above results suggest that the polyethylene glycol derived carbon quantum dots nanofluids should be a quite excellent candidate lubricant for solid–liquid synergy lubrication based on diamond-like carbon films.

关键词： polyethylene glycol diamond-like carbon films ultra-low friction synergy lubrication

Identification of a key G-protein coupled receptor in mediating appressorium formation and fungal virulence against insects

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2021年第3期64卷 466-477页

作者： Junmei shang Yanfang shang Guirong Tang Chengshu wang Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China

Fungal G-protein coupled receptors(GPCRs)play essential roles in sensing environmental cues including host signals.The study of GPCR in mediating fungus-insect interactions is still limited.Here we report the evolution of GPCR genes encoded in the entomopathogenic Metarhizium species and found the expansion of Pth11-like GPCRs in the generalist species with a wide host range.By deletion of ten candidate genes MrGpr1–MrGpr10 selected from the six obtained subfamilies in the generalist M.robertsii,we found that each of them played a varied level of roles in mediating appressorium formation.In particular,deletion of MrGpr8 resulted in the failure of appressorium formation on different substrates and the loss of virulence during topical infection of insects but not during injection assays when compared with the wild-type(WT)strain.Further analysis revealed that disruption of MrGpr8 substantially impaired the nucleus translocation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)Mero-Fus3 but not the MAPK Mero-Slt2 during appressorium formation.We also found that the defect ofΔMrGpr8 could not be rescued with the addition of cyclic AMP for appressorium formation.Relative to the WT,differential expression of the selected genes have also been detected inΔMrGpr8.The results of this study may benefit the understanding of fungus-interactions mediated by GPCRs.

关键词： G-protein coupled receptor appressorium virulence signal pathway Metarhizium

Sub-optimal fixed-finite-horizon spacecraft configuration control on SE(3)

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第6期35卷 250-261页

作者： Yulin wang Wei shang Haichao HONG Institute of Remote-sensing Satellite China Academy of Space TechnologyBeijing 100094China School of Mechanical Engineering Hubei University of TechnologyWuhan 430068China Institute of Flight System Dynamics Technical University of MunichGarching 85748Germany

For achieving the desired configuration of spacecraft at the desired fixed time,a suboptimal fixed-finite-horizon configuration control method on the Lie group SE(3)is developed based on the Model Predictive Static Programming(MPSP).The MPSP technique has been widely used to solve finite-horizon optimal control problems and is known for its high computational efficiency thanks to the closed-form solution,but it cannot be directly applied to systems on SE(3).The methodological innovation in this paper enables that the MPSP technique is extended to the geometric control on SE(3),using the variational principle,the left-invariant properties of Lie groups,and the topology structure of Lie algebra space.Moreover,the energy consumption,which is crucial for spacecraft operations,is considered as the objective function to be optimized in the optimal control formulation.The effectiveness of the designed sub-optimal control method is demonstrated through an online simulation under disturbances and state measurement errors.

关键词： Configuration control Lie groups Model Predictive Static Programming Optimal control Spacecraft control

乡村振兴背景下传统无讼法律文化再认识——基于广西玉林市博白县民富村的调研

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河北法学 2021年第6期39卷 133-146页

作者：王颖慧谢尚果广西民族大学广西南宁530006

无讼法律文化是我国古代的主导法律文化,强调用内在伦理道德规范百姓行为、化解矛盾纠纷,使之不再诉讼。其思想根源是天人合一的和谐思想,主要方式是调解。通过对以民间调解闻名的民富村民间调解情况进行实地调研,并从农民、村干部、基... 详细信息

无讼法律文化是我国古代的主导法律文化,强调用内在伦理道德规范百姓行为、化解矛盾纠纷,使之不再诉讼。其思想根源是天人合一的和谐思想,主要方式是调解。通过对以民间调解闻名的民富村民间调解情况进行实地调研,并从农民、村干部、基层法院视角对无讼法律文化影响下农民乐于用民间调解处理矛盾纠纷的原因进行自我阐释,可清晰地看到无讼法律文化的现代纹理。在现代社会,与封建社会不同的是,无讼法律文化中消极因素的"存活空间"越来越小,无讼法律文化中的积极因素与社会主义核心价值观的内容相吻合,并且越来越呈现出与现代法治理念相融合的趋势。在全面推进依法治国和乡村振兴背景下,应尊重中华传统无讼法律文化,不断挖掘其中精华,对其进行创造性转化和创新性发展,使其融入新时代法治价值理念,与基层司法并驾齐驱,共同发挥在乡村治理体系中的作用,助推乡村振兴。

关键词：无讼法律文化民间调解德治法治乡村振兴