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Therapeutic Implications of Monoclonal Antibody

Journal of biosciences and Medicines 2023年第3期11卷 85-104页

作者： Mohammad shane Alam Farhana Riyaz Shah Muntser Mohammad Fadoul Alhassen Saif Elden b. Abdalla Abdul Mateen Md. Shakir Ahmad Department of Medical Laboratory Technology College of Applied Medical Sciences Jazan University Jazan Saudi Arabia Ageing Research Laboratory Department of Zoology Lalit Narayan Mithila University Darbhanga India Department of Pathology Darbhanga Medical College Darbhanga India

background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (cOVID-19) pandemic is a distinct public health issue that calls for the quick development of novel treatments and viral detection. Due to their high specificity and reliability, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have emerged as useful diagnostic and therapeutic tools for a variety of diseases. As a result, several scientists have jumped right into developing Ab-based assays for the identification of SARS-coV-2 and Ab drugs for use as cOVID-19 therapy agents. Since the receptor-binding domain (RbD) of the SARS-coV-2 spike protein is essential for viral infection and has a known precise structure, it has become a key target for the creation of therapeutic antibodies. The use of Ab cocktails is anticipated to be a key component of an efficient cOVID-19 treatment plan since SARS-coV-2 is an RNA virus with a high mutation rate, particularly when subjected to the selection pressure of aggressively applied preventive vaccinations and neutralizing Abs. Furthermore, SARS-coV-2 infection could provoke an overzealous immune response, leading to a cytokine storm that accelerates the onset of a severe disease. Abs to counteract cytokine storms are also actively being researched as cOVID-19 therapies. Abs are now used in SARS-coV-2 detection assays, including immunoglobulin and antigen tests, in addition to their use as medicines. In order to stop the spread of cOVID-19, such Ab-based detection tests are essential surveillance tools. In this article, we’ll go over several important ideas related to mAb-based cOVID-19 pandemic detection tests and treatments. Objective: To understand the role of hybridoma technology in therapeutic implications. 1) To study the basic concepts and options in hybridoma technology;2) To study the applications of hybridoma technology;3) To explore how hybridoma technology is applied in diagnostic histopathology. Method: For this method generally there is use of mouse or mammals are transfect with the Ags to find out

关键词： Monoclonal Antibody cancerous cell Receptor-binding Domain (RbD) Immune System SARS-coV-2 and cOVID-19

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Large-scale synthesis of N-doped carbon capsules supporting atomically dispersed iron for efficient oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysis

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eScience 2022年第2期2卷 227-234页

作者： Hui Yang Yanfang Liu Xiaolu Liu Xiangke Wang He Tian Geoffrey I.N.Waterhouse Paul E.Krugere shane GTelfer Shengqian Ma Department of chemistry University of North TexasDentonTX76201United States college of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206PR China State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials Center of Electron MicroscopySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027PR China MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology School of Chemical SciencesThe University of AucklandAuckland1142New Zealand MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology School of Physical and Chemical SciencesUniversity of CanterburyChristchurch8140New Zealand MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology School of Fundamental SciencesMassey UniversityPalmerston North4442New Zealand

The large-scale synthesis of platinum-free electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)remains a grand *** report the large-scale production of stable and active ORR electrocatalysts based on iron,an earth-abundant element.A core–shell zeolitic imidazolate framework–tannic acid coordination polymer composite(ZIF-8@K-TA)was utilized as the catalyst precursor,which was transformed into iron atoms dispersed in hollow porous nitrogen-doped carbon capsules(H-Fe-N_(x)-c)through ion exchange and pyrolysis.H-Fe-N_(x)-c fea-tures site-isolated single-atom iron centers coordinated to nitrogen in graphitic layers,high levels of nitrogen doping,and high permeability to incoming *** from these characteristics,H-Fe-N_(x)-c demonstrated efficient electrocatalytic activity(E_(1/2)=0.92 V,***)and stability towards the ORR in both alkaline and acidic *** ORR performance,it surpassed the majority of recently reported Fe-N-c catalysts and the standard Pt/c *** addition,H-Fe-N_(x)-c showed outstanding tolerance to methanol.

关键词： Metal single atoms Hollow carbon capsules Oxygen reduction reaction Metal–organic framework Electrocatalysis

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气相色谱三重四极杆气质联用系统分析水样中的N-亚硝基二甲胺

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环境化学 2016年第11期35卷 2442-2444页

作者： Alandra Kahl Darryl Jones Lisa Lowe shane Snyder Anthony Macherone 亚利桑那州图森市亚利桑那大学美国85721 特拉华州威尔明顿安捷伦科技有限公司美国19808

本文使用Agilent 7890A系列气相色谱仪与Agilent 7000b三重四极杆气质联用系统以正化学电离(PcI)模式开发了灵敏度可达ng·L^(-1)或更低的N-亚硝基二甲胺(NDMA)的分析方法.该方法还为需要采用常规离子阱质谱法分析但又没有离子阱仪器的... 详细信息

本文使用Agilent 7890A系列气相色谱仪与Agilent 7000b三重四极杆气质联用系统以正化学电离(PcI)模式开发了灵敏度可达ng·L^(-1)或更低的N-亚硝基二甲胺(NDMA)的分析方法.该方法还为需要采用常规离子阱质谱法分析但又没有离子阱仪器的实验室提供了一种可行的替代方案,方法的检测限(LOD)达0.20 ng·L^(-1),定量限(LOQ)达0.56 ng·L^(-1).

关键词：气相色谱三重四极杆气质联用 N-亚硝基二甲胺分析方法

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Improving cardiovascular Risk Assessment to Optimize Therapy

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World Journal of cardiovascular Diseases 2023年第1期13卷 7-20页

作者： Allen Adolphe shane Wilder Teodor Duro Robert Philip Eaton David S. Schade Division of General Internal Medicine University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque USA Division of Endocrinology University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque USA

background: Quantifying ten-year cardiovascular risk can be challenging. Different online risk calculators provide different risk estimates and online risk calculators use only one point in time. However, risk factors occur over the lifetime of the individual. Purpose: This manuscript provides three solutions to improving ten-year cardiovascular risk assessment in individuals at intermediate risk. Methods: Measuring Lipoprotein(a)—Lp(a) is recommended for assessing cardiovascular risk in all individuals who are in the intermediate risk category by standard online risk calculators. Lp(a) is primarily determined by genetic inheritance. It has the undesirable properties of being proatherosclerotic, proinflammatory, and prothrombotic. Measuring apolipoprotein b (apo b) provides a good index of the number of atherosclerotic particles present. Studies have demonstrated that small, dense LDL cholesterol particles are more atherogenic than larger, less dense LDL cholesterol particles. Measuring high sensitivity c-reactive protein (hscRP) provides a good estimation of the degree of inflammation in the vascular system. Inflammation is a critical component of heart attacks and strokes. It is increased in diabetes and obesity. Treatment to reduce inflammation results in a reduction of cardiovascular events, independent of lipid values. Results: The above three risk factors should be measured in all patients with an intermediate risk score. Routine assays are readily available at a reasonable cost. They are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Their recommendation is based on the pathophysiology of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Successful therapy will result in the decrease of each of these risk factors. conclusion: The recommended approach will improve the assessment of cardiovascular risk and guide the physician and patient to the correct treatment recommendations.

关键词： cardiovascular Disease Atherosclerosis Risk Equations Apolipoprotein b Lipoprotein(a) High Sensitivity c-Reactive Protein

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ERP和生产制造智能连接

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现代制造 2017年第17期 44-45页

作者： shane Novacek

美国c3公司的产品追溯系统被用于多个领域，如泡沫和聚氨酯生产、造纸和包装领域、食品和饮料行业，同时也被用于金属的表面加工。“我们与顾客的联系非常密切，控制从生产加工到最顶层管理的全过程是我们的目标，只有如此我们才能克服... 详细信息

美国c3公司的产品追溯系统被用于多个领域，如泡沫和聚氨酯生产、造纸和包装领域、食品和饮料行业，同时也被用于金属的表面加工。“我们与顾客的联系非常密切，控制从生产加工到最顶层管理的全过程是我们的目标，只有如此我们才能克服瓶颈并提升效率。”

关键词：生产制造 ERP 连接智能包装领域饮料行业表面加工生产加工

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苹果炭疽病菌Glomerella cingulate的孢子萌发、附着胞形成及对成熟和未成熟苹果果实的侵染

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北方果树 1982年第2期 55-57页

作者： W.W.shane T.b.Sutton 杨竹轩

在北卡罗来纳州苹果炭疽病虽不经常发生,但确是一种很严重的病害。此病通常在6月末开始发生,到8月中旬可造成百分之百的果实腐烂。有人报道过未成熟的果实对炭疽病具有抗病性,可是也有报道过相反的结果。在美国东南部,关于未成熟的果实... 详细信息

在北卡罗来纳州苹果炭疽病虽不经常发生,但确是一种很严重的病害。此病通常在6月末开始发生,到8月中旬可造成百分之百的果实腐烂。有人报道过未成熟的果实对炭疽病具有抗病性,可是也有报道过相反的结果。在美国东南部,关于未成熟的果实对炭疽病感病性的了解,在苹果病害防治上对减少用药量或延长喷药间隔时间是极其重要的。苹果炭疽病菌有较短的潜育期,并在病果上产生大量孢子,因此条件适合时就能迅速流行。一旦

关键词：苹果炭疽病菌附着胞形成 Glomerella cingulate 侵染分生抱子未成熟

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一种用于同步多个GSPS转换器的测试方法

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中国集成电路 2016年第5期25卷 23-25,42页

作者： shane Foss Rob Reeder ADI公司

多个转换器的同步可用于此类应用,例如雷达、电子战(EW)、超声、以及使用数字波束成形技术以便处理一大段数据的其他多通道应用。必须注意,使用GSPS模数转换器(ADc)时,在相同的系统内同步多个转换器的需求是相同的。不过,速度和接口使... 详细信息

多个转换器的同步可用于此类应用,例如雷达、电子战(EW)、超声、以及使用数字波束成形技术以便处理一大段数据的其他多通道应用。必须注意,使用GSPS模数转换器(ADc)时,在相同的系统内同步多个转换器的需求是相同的。不过,速度和接口使得这一点更难以实现。本文将说明两种方法:JESD204b接口数据字内使用确定性延迟和使用控制位。两种方法都是JESD204b子类1的特征。新近发布的AD9625(12位,2.5 GSPS ADc)是用作测试设备,针对多个转换器同步所需遵循的设计规则提供基准结果。

关键词： GSPS 测试方法接口数据波束成形设计规则内同步子类大段基准测试接口技术

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“快乐生活俱乐部”在社区糖尿病管理中的效果评价

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中国全科医学 2010年第25期13卷 2823-2825页

作者：陈亚娟张拓红李志新杨辉 shane Thomas 北京大学公共卫生学院北京市100191 北京市丰台区疾病预防与控制中心澳大利亚Monash大学

目的了解"快乐生活俱乐部"在社区糖尿病管理中的作用,为糖尿病自我管理的社区干预策略提供依据。方法在北京市丰台区方庄社区卫生服务中心的2型糖尿病患者中招募100名志愿者,参加"快乐生活俱乐部"活动,并将其随机分为两组。干预组在常... 详细信息

目的了解"快乐生活俱乐部"在社区糖尿病管理中的作用,为糖尿病自我管理的社区干预策略提供依据。方法在北京市丰台区方庄社区卫生服务中心的2型糖尿病患者中招募100名志愿者,参加"快乐生活俱乐部"活动,并将其随机分为两组。干预组在常规药物治疗的基础上,由健康教练按计划开展动机谈话;对照组仅采用常规药物进行治疗,干预期限为6个月。结果与对照组相比,干预组患者监测自我血糖的频率增加,更多地按照医生的建议服药;高密度脂蛋白、餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白等指标的水平较干预前改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 "快乐生活俱乐部"这一新的慢病管理模式,可以提高糖尿病患者的自我管理能力,并使患者具备不断增强改变行为的能力。

关键词：快乐生活俱乐部社区糖尿病动机谈话技术

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什么是城市史

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作者： (英)肖恩·埃文(shane Ewen)

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Nutritional care in hospitalized patients with chronic liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第45期21卷 12835-12842页

作者： Dep K Huynh shane P Selvanderan Hugh AJ Harley Richard H Holloway Nam Q Nguyen Discipline of Medicine University of Adelaide North Terrace Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Royal Adelaide Hospital North Terrace

AIM: To evaluate the practice of nutritional assessment and management of hospitalised patients with cirrhosis and the impact of malnutrition on their clinical ***: This was a retrospective cohort study on patients with liver cirrhosis consecutively admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology at the Royal Adelaide Hospital over 24 mo. Details were gathered related to the patients' demographics, disease severity, nutritional status and assessment, biochemistry and clinical outcomes. Nutritional status was assessed by a dietician and determined by subjective global assessment. Estimated energy and protein requirements were calculated by Simple Ratio Method. Intake was estimated from dietary history and/or food charts, and represented as a percentage of estimated daily requirements. Median duration of follow up was 14.9(0-41.4) mo. RESULTS: Of the 231 cirrhotic patients(167 male, age: 56.3 ± 0.9 years, 9% child-Pugh A, 42% childPugh b and 49% child-Pugh c), 131(57%) had formal nutritional assessment during their admission and 74(56%) were judged to have malnutrition. In-hospitalcaloric(15.6 ± 1.2 kcal/kg vs 23.7 ± 2.3 kcal/kg, P = 0.0003) and protein intake(0.65 ± 0.06 g/kg vs 1.01 ± 0.07 g/kg, P = 0.0003) was significantly reduced in patients with malnutrition. Of the malnourished cohort, 12(16%) received enteral nutrition during hospitalisation and only 6(8%) received ongoing dietetic review and assessment following discharge from hospital. The overall mortality was 51%, and was higher in patients with malnutrition compared to those without(HR = 5.29, 95%cI: 2.31-12.1; P cONcLUSION: Malnutrition is common in hospitalised patients with cirrhosis and is associated with higher mortality. Formal nutritional assessment, however, is inadequate. This highlights the need for meticulous nutritional evaluation and management in these patients.

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Nutrition assessment Mortality Mal

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