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Potential of a fucoidan-rich Ascophyllum nodosum extract to reduce Salmonella shedding and improve gastrointestinal health in weaned pigs naturally infected with Salmonella

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第4期13卷 1193-1208页

作者： Brigkita Venardou John VO’Doherty shane Maher Marion TRyan Vivian Gath Rajeev Ravindran claire Kiely Gaurav Rajauria Marco Garcia-Vaquero Torres Sweeney School of Veterinary Medicine University College DublinBelfield Dublin 4Ireland School of Agriculture and Food Science University College DublinBelfield Dublin 4Ireland.

Background:Dietary supplementation with a fucoidan-rich Ascophyllum nodosum extract(ANE),possessing an in vitro anti-Salmonella Typhimurium activity could be a promising on-farm strategy to control Salmonella infection in *** objectives of this study were to:1)evaluate the *** activity of ANE(containing 46.6%fucoidan,18.6%laminarin,10.7%mannitol,4.6%alginate)in vitro,and;2)compare the effects of dietary supplementation with ANE and Zinc oxide(ZnO)on growth performance,Salmonella shedding and selected gut parameters in naturally infected *** was established post-weaning(newly weaned pig experiment)and following regrouping of post-weaned pigs and experimental re-infection with ***(challenge experiment).Results:In the in vitro assay,increasing ANE concentrations led to a linear reduction in *** counts(Pcates/treatment),high ANE supplementation increased gain to feed ratio,similar to ZnO supplementation,and reduced faecal Salmonella counts on d 21 compared to the low ANE and control groups(Pchallenge experiment included thirty-six pigs from the previous experiment that remained on their original dietary treatments(control and high ANE groups with the latter being renamed to ANE group)apart from the ZnO group which transitioned onto a control diet on d 21(ZnO-residual group).These dietary treatments had no effect on performance,faecal scores,Salmonella shedding or colonic and caecal Salmonella counts(P>0.05).ANE supplementation decreased the Enterobacteriaceae counts compared to the *** counts were also reduced in the ZnO-residual group compared to the control(Pcreased the expression of interleukin 22 and transforming growth factor beta 1 in the ileum compared to the control(Pconclusions:ANE supplementation was associated with some beneficial changes in the composition of the colonic microbiota,Salmonella sh

关键词： Ascophyllum nodosum Gastrointestinal microbiota Inflammation Pig Salmonella Seaweed extract Zinc oxide

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心理健康服务的去机构化：国际经验和对中国的启示--第二届中澳(2012．6·郑州)全科医学学术交流论坛暨全国全科医学师资(骨干)培训班内容摘登

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中国全科医学 2012年第25期15卷 2856-2857页

作者： shane Thomas Monash大学医学护理与卫生科学部

2012年6月15—18日,"第二届中澳(郑州)全科医学学术交流论坛暨全国全科医学师资(骨干)培训班"在郑州市隆重召开。卫生部医改办副主任、疾病预防控制局副局长王斌,卫生部妇幼保健与社区卫生司社区卫生处处长刘利群,河南省卫生厅副厅长张... 详细信息

2012年6月15—18日,"第二届中澳(郑州)全科医学学术交流论坛暨全国全科医学师资(骨干)培训班"在郑州市隆重召开。卫生部医改办副主任、疾病预防控制局副局长王斌,卫生部妇幼保健与社区卫生司社区卫生处处长刘利群,河南省卫生厅副厅长张智民,郑州市人民政府副市长刘东,郑州市卫生局党委书记、局长顾建钦,中国全科医学杂志社社长韩建军,澳大利亚Monash大学Grant Russell教授、Lyn clearihan副教授、杨辉博士,澳大利亚Melbourne大学Grant Blashki副教授及我国各省市的全科医学培训专家、学者及管理者参加了本次会议。大会的主论坛从我国全科医学发展、澳大利亚全科医学经验等方面进行了讨论;分论坛针对我国全科医学人才培养、全科医疗中的心理健康管理、家庭医生服务等内容进行了深入的探讨和交流。在后一天半的全科医学师资(骨干)培训中,以角色扮演和案例分析的Workshop教学模式,针对全科医疗中常见的心理疾患问题进行了专题培训。其意义在于给两国卫生政策的制定者、卫生服务的管理者及全科医学师资提供了一个信息交流共享的平台,有助于开拓视野、拓宽思路。我刊本期继续对论坛及培训中的精彩内容进行摘登,敬请关注。

关键词：心理健康服务的去机构化经验启示社区卫生服务

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Diurnal variation in fecal concentrations of acid-detergent insoluble ash and alkaline-peroxide lignin from cattle fed bermudagrass hays of varying nutrient content

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第4期6卷 410-415页

作者： Juvenal Kanani Dirk Philipp Kenneth P coffey Elizabeth B Kegley charles P West shane Gadberry John Jennings Ashley N Young Robert T Rhein Division of Agriculture University of Arkansas Department of Plant and Soil Science Texas Tech University

Background： The effect of time of fecal sampling on the accuracy of acid-detergent insoluble ash （ADIA） and alkaline-peroxide lignin （APL） for the prediction of fecal output （FO） in cattle was evaluated. Eight ruminally cannulated cows （594 _＋ 35.5 kg） were allocated randomly to 4 bermudagrass [cynodon dactylon （L.） Pers.] hay diets markedly different in crude protein concentration （79-164 g/kg） with 2 replicates per diet for 3 periods. cows were offered hay individually at 20 g DM/kg of body weight daily in equal feedings at 08：00 and 16：00 h for a 10-d adaptation period followed by 5-d of total fecal collection. Fecal grab samples also were taken each day during the fecal collection period at 06：00, 12：00, 18：00, and 24：00 h either directly from the rectum or from freshly voided feces. Samples were composited within cow and time across the 5 d total fecal collection period. Additionally, forage, ort, and fecal samples were analyzed for concentrations of APL and ADIA. Results： Fecal concentrations of ADIA and APL were not affected by sampling time （P 〉 0.22）, even though diet affected （P 〈 0.01） fecal ADIA and APL concentrations. There were no diet x sampling time interactions （P ≥ 0.60）. Estimates of FO and dry matter digestibility （DMD） from ADIA and APL were not affected （P 〉 0.16） by sampling time or the diet x sampling time interaction （P 〉 0.74）. Estimates of FO and DMD from markers from different sampling times or all different combinations of sampling time were not different （P 〉 0.72） from those of total collection among internal markers. conclusion： Little variation in concentrations of ADIA and APL in daily fecal excretion across time increases flexibility in fecal grab sampling schedules for predicting FO and DMD.

关键词： Digestibility Fecal sampling time Internal markers Bermudagrass cattle

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利用Lc/Q-TOF和Mass Profiler Professional软件筛查水中新兴化学污染物

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环境化学 2016年第3期35卷 597-600页

作者： Sylvain Merel shane Snyder 化学与环境工程系亚利桑那大学

利用Agilent 6540 Q-TOF Lc/MS和Agilent Mass Profiler Professional软件(MPP)灵敏地表征城市污水中复杂的化学成分.通过MPP多变量统计分析软件包对Q-TOF高分辨质谱数据进行处理,揭示了在污水处理过程中有机化学品分布类型的变化.利用... 详细信息

利用Agilent 6540 Q-TOF Lc/MS和Agilent Mass Profiler Professional软件(MPP)灵敏地表征城市污水中复杂的化学成分.通过MPP多变量统计分析软件包对Q-TOF高分辨质谱数据进行处理,揭示了在污水处理过程中有机化学品分布类型的变化.利用这项技术能够测定循环水臭氧氧化过程中有机污染物的减少、反弹和形成.MPP的热图提供了分布图,可用来评估水质的细微变化并鉴别特定水源或处理过程中特有的新兴污染物.

关键词： Lc/Q-TOF 软件筛查污染物.

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Prevalence of depression in coronary heart disease in china：a systematic review and meta-analysis

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chinese Medical Journal 2014年第16期127卷 2991-2998页

作者： Ren Yanping Yang Hui colette Browning shane Thomas Liu Meiyan Department of Geriatric-cardiology First Hospital of Xi'an JiaotongUniversity Xi'an Shannxi 710061 China School of Primary Health care Faculty of Medicine Nursing andHealth Sciences Victoria 3165 Monash University Australia Department of cardiology Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated toCapital Medical University Beijing 100029 China

Background coronary heart diseases （cHD） have been identified as one of topmost diseases affecting the chinese ***,depression in cHD has not been reported and there are limited high quality empirical studies in china focused on the prevalence of the *** study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of depression with cHD in *** Systematic review and meta-analysis of published epidemiologic studies on the depression in cHD patients in china were *** research findings dated before 30 September 2013 were obtained from Ovid Medline,EMBASE and two chinese electronic publication libraries WANFANG and *** used ＂cardiovascular disease＂,＂depression＂ and ＂china＂ as the search themes in Ovid Medline and EMBASE and ＂cardiovascular disease＂ and ＂depression＂ in WANFANG and ***-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate the prevalence of depression in cHD *** Twenty-seven studies were included in the ***-three studies had 5 236 participants who were hospitalized and four studies had 1 353 participants from *** overall prevalence of depression in cHD from hospital was 51% （95% cI：0.43,0.58; Ⅰ-squared=97%,P=-0.000）.The prevalence of depression in cHD from community ranged between 34.6% to 45.8%,and the severe depression was found ranging between 3.1% to 11.2%.conclusions On comparing data with other countries,the prevalence of depression in cHD among admitted patients in china was found to be *** physicians and healthcare providers should pay more attention to the ＂physical-mental＂ health of the cHD patients.

关键词： prevalence depression coronary heart disease china meta-analysis

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转诊文件——全科医学服务质量的一个关键指标

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中国全科医学 2009年第5期12卷 359-362+365页

作者：杨辉 shane Thomas 澳大利亚Monash大学医学、护理和卫生科学学部

目的通过国际间比较,探讨开发和使用中国社区与医院医疗服务转诊文件的标准,从而改善转诊的效益和效率,提高服务质量和保证病人安全。方法文献学习和政策分析。结果转诊文件是西方医学的一个传统,经历了从书信到表格的转变过程。澳大利... 详细信息

目的通过国际间比较,探讨开发和使用中国社区与医院医疗服务转诊文件的标准,从而改善转诊的效益和效率,提高服务质量和保证病人安全。方法文献学习和政策分析。结果转诊文件是西方医学的一个传统,经历了从书信到表格的转变过程。澳大利亚皇家全科医生学会规范了转诊文件的质量标准,并推行使用统一的全科医学转诊表。转诊文件应该包括全科医生、专科医生、病人的详细联系方式;转诊原因、临床症状和表征、潜在危险、过敏史、用药情况、社会和家族史、既往病史、病程及初步检查结果;医疗保障形式;病人知情同意。规范的转诊文件有助于改善病人信息在医疗服务系统中的流动,便于对病人采取更恰当的筛拣、确定优先和治疗服务,提高电子方式转诊的效率,提高全科医生使用计算机软件的效果和效率。中国尚未规范社区与医院之间的转诊文件,传统的"三联单"的功能实际上是记账,而非交换病人的医学信息。结论需要通过研究来优化转诊文件提供的医学信息,以提高转诊的效率和效益,改善针对病人服务的连续性和质量。

关键词：转诊文件全科医学质量

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challenges in the provision of community aged care in china

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Family Medicine and community Health 2013年第2期1卷 32-42页

作者： HUI YANG cOLETTE BROWNING shane THOMAS School of Primary Health care Faculty of MedicineNursing and Health SciencesMonash UniversityVictoria 3168Australia

Objective:Population ageing in china is a significant challenge for the chinese government,the society and chinese *** dramatic process of population ageing together with social and economic diversity in china has created issues in the availability,equality and sustainability of social and financial support for older *** aims of this review are to identify the social and economic challenges to the traditional caregiving system in china,and to examine possible solutions to improve the care of older people in china using the framework of ageing in ***:Electronic literature searches were conducted in May and June 2013 using PubMed,cNKI,and *** data and reports were retrieved from the United Nations,the World Health Organisation,the World Bank and National Bureau of Statistics of *** policy documents were found through government websites and formal ***:Family-centred care for older people in china is recognised as a cultural tradition in the chinese ***,driven by large-scale social,political and economic changes,this model of caring for older people has dynamically changed over the last 50 *** the family has been the most important source of social support for older people followed by neighbour support and support from *** family obligations of caring are still centred in a cultural and practical context;however,support from family and children has weakened ***-based aged services are absent in most areas,while older people and their families have to pay out-of-pocket expenses for non-residential *** is a severe shortage of aged care or nursing home resources in china and those that exist are of low quality and *** staff who work in these facilities rarely have any formal training in aged *** addition,a market approach to the funding of residential aged care has the potential to create a moral hazard due to the poor

关键词： Population ageing Healthy ageing Ageing in place Aged care community-based care china

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Fast extended depth of focus meta-optics for varifocal functionality

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Photonics Research 2022年第3期10卷 828-833页

作者： James E.M.Whitehead Alan Zhan shane colburn Luocheng Huang Arka Majumdar Department of Electrical and computer Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonD.C.98195USA Tunoptix SeattleWashingtonD.C.98195USA Department of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonD.C.98195USA

Extended depth of focus(EDOF)optics can enable lower complexity optical imaging systems when compared to active focusing *** existing EDOF optics,however,it is difficult to achieve high resolution and high collection efficiency *** subwavelength spacing of scatterers in a meta-optic enables the engineering of very steep phase gradients;thus,meta-optics can achieve both a large physical aperture and a high numerical ***,we demonstrate a fast(f/1.75)EDOF meta-optic operating at visible wavelengths,with an aperture of 2 mm and focal range from 3.5 mm to 14.5 mm(286 diopters to 69 diopters),which is a 250×elongation of the depth of focus relative to a standard ***-independent performance is shown by imaging at a range of finite conjugates,with a minimum spatial resolution of∼9.84μm(50.8 cycles/mm).We also demonstrate operation of a directly integrated EDOF meta-optic camera module to evaluate imaging at multiple object distances,a functionality which would otherwise require a varifocal lens.

关键词： optics enable otherwise

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集思广益拓展禽病防控策略--第58届西方禽病会议内容精选

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中国家禽 2009年第15期31卷 60-61页

作者： Simon shane 林又米

2009年5月22-25日，第58届西方禽病会议在美国加利福尼亚州萨卡拉门托市举行。该会议每年在美国定期举行，参会代表是来自全球的禽类健康专家。

关键词：禽病防控策略西方精选加利福尼亚州美国禽类

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Individual differences in transcranial electrical stimulation current density

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2013年第6期27卷 495-508页

作者： Michael J Russell Theodore Goodman Ronald Pierson shane Shepherd Qiang Wang Bennett Groshong David F Wiley Aaken Research Institute Inc. Sutter center for Psychiatry Brain Image Analysis LLC Radiological Associates of Sacramento Inc. Stratovan Corp.

Transcranial electrical stimulation （TcES） is effective in treating many conditions, but it has not been possible to accurately forecast current density within the complex anatomy of a given subject＇s head. We sought to predict and verify TcES current densities and determine the variability of these current distributions in patient-specific models based on magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） data. Two experiments were performed. The first experiment estimated conductivity from MRIs and compared the current density results against actual measurements from the scalp surface of 3 subjects. In the second experiment, virtual electrodes were placed on the scalps of 18 subjects to model simulated current densities with 2 mA of virtually applied stimulation. This procedure was repeated for 4 electrode locations. current densities were then calculated for 75 brain regions. comparison of modeled and measured external current in experiment 1 yielded a correlation of r = .93. In experiment 2, modeled individual differences were greatest near the electrodes （ten-fold differences were common）, but simulated current was found in all regions of the brain. Sites that were distant from the electrodes （e.g. hypothalamus） typically showed two- fold individual differences. MRI-based modeling can effectively predict current densities in individual brains. Significant variation occurs between subjects with the same applied electrode configuration. Individualized MRI- based modeling should be considered in place of the 10-20 system when accurate TcES is needed.

关键词： RI modeling current density transcranial-stimulation tDcS

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