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Diurnal variation in fecal concentrations of acid-detergent insoluble ash and alkaline-peroxide lignin from cattle fed bermudagrass hays of varying nutrient content

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第4期6卷 410-415页

作者： Juvenal Kanani Dirk Philipp Kenneth P Coffey Elizabeth B Kegley Charles P West shane Gadberry John Jennings Ashley N Young Robert T Rhein Division of Agriculture University of Arkansas Department of Plant and Soil Science Texas Tech University

Background： The effect of time of fecal sampling on the accuracy of acid-detergent insoluble ash （ADIA） and alkaline-peroxide lignin （APL） for the prediction of fecal output （FO） in cattle was evaluated. Eight ruminally cannulated cows （594 _＋ 35.5 kg） were allocated randomly to 4 bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon （L.） Pers.] hay diets markedly different in crude protein concentration （79-164 g/kg） with 2 replicates per diet for 3 periods. Cows were offered hay individually at 20 g DM/kg of body weight daily in equal feedings at 08：00 and 16：00 h for a 10-d adaptation period followed by 5-d of total fecal collection. Fecal grab samples also were taken each day during the fecal collection period at 06：00, 12：00, 18：00, and 24：00 h either directly from the rectum or from freshly voided feces. Samples were composited within cow and time across the 5 d total fecal collection period. Additionally, forage, ort, and fecal samples were analyzed for concentrations of APL and ADIA. Results： Fecal concentrations of ADIA and APL were not affected by sampling time （P 〉 0.22）, even though diet affected （P 〈 0.01） fecal ADIA and APL concentrations. There were no diet x sampling time interactions （P ≥ 0.60）. Estimates of FO and dry matter digestibility （DMD） from ADIA and APL were not affected （P 〉 0.16） by sampling time or the diet x sampling time interaction （P 〉 0.74）. Estimates of FO and DMD from markers from different sampling times or all different combinations of sampling time were not different （P 〉 0.72） from those of total collection among internal markers. Conclusion： Little variation in concentrations of ADIA and APL in daily fecal excretion across time increases flexibility in fecal grab sampling schedules for predicting FO and DMD.

关键词： Digestibility Fecal sampling time Internal markers Bermudagrass Cattle

Is it necessary to fuse to the pelvis when correcting scoliosis in cerebral palsy?

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第4期13卷 365-372页

作者： shane F Strom Matthew C Hess Achraf H Jardaly Michael J Conklin Shawn R Gilbert Department of Orthopaedics University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAl 35294United States Department of Orthopaedics The Hughston Clinic/Hughston FoundationColumbusGA 31908United States

BACKGROUND Neuromuscular scoliosis is commonly associated with a large pelvic *** in children with cerebral palsy is most commonly managed with posterior spinal instrumentation and *** consensus is reached regarding the proximal starting point of fusion,controversy exists as to whether the distal level of spinal fusion should include the pelvis to correct the pelvic *** To assess the role of pelvic fusion in posterior spinal instrumentation and fusion,particularly it impact on pelvic obliquity correction,and to assess if the rate of complications differed as a function of pelvic *** This was a retrospective,cohort study in which we reviewed the medical records of children with cerebral palsy scoliosis treated with posterior instrumentation and fusion at a single *** follow-up was six *** were stratified into two groups:Those who were fused to the pelvis and those fused to L4/*** major outcomes were complications and radiographic *** former were stratified into major and minor complications,and the latter consisted of preoperative and final Cobb angles,L5-S1 tilt and pelvic *** The study included 47 *** correction of the L5 tilt was 60%in patients fused to the pelvis and 67%in patients fused to L4/L5(P=0.22).The pelvic obliquity was corrected by 43%and 36%in each group,respectively(P=0.12).Regarding complications,patients fused to the pelvis had more total complications as compared to the other group(63.0%vs 30%,respectively,P=0.025).After adjusting for differences in radiographic parameters(lumbar curve,L5 tilt,and pelvic obliquity),these patients had a 79%increased chance of developing complications(Relative risk=1.79;95%CI:1.011-3.41).CONCLUSION Including the pelvis in the distal level of fusion for cerebral palsy scoliosis places patients at an increased risk of postoperative *** added value that pelvic fusion offers in terms of correcting

关键词： Cerebral palsy Scoliosis Pelvic fusion Pelvic obliquity Spinal fusion Distal lumbar level

利用LC/Q-TOF和Mass Profiler Professional软件筛查水中新兴化学污染物

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环境化学 2016年第3期35卷 597-600页

作者： Sylvain Merel shane Snyder 化学与环境工程系亚利桑那大学

利用Agilent 6540 Q-TOF LC/MS和Agilent Mass Profiler Professional软件(MPP)灵敏地表征城市污水中复杂的化学成分.通过MPP多变量统计分析软件包对Q-TOF高分辨质谱数据进行处理,揭示了在污水处理过程中有机化学品分布类型的变化.利用... 详细信息

利用Agilent 6540 Q-TOF LC/MS和Agilent Mass Profiler Professional软件(MPP)灵敏地表征城市污水中复杂的化学成分.通过MPP多变量统计分析软件包对Q-TOF高分辨质谱数据进行处理,揭示了在污水处理过程中有机化学品分布类型的变化.利用这项技术能够测定循环水臭氧氧化过程中有机污染物的减少、反弹和形成.MPP的热图提供了分布图,可用来评估水质的细微变化并鉴别特定水源或处理过程中特有的新兴污染物.

关键词： LC/Q-TOF 软件筛查污染物.

转诊文件——全科医学服务质量的一个关键指标

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中国全科医学 2009年第5期12卷 359-362+365页

作者：杨辉 shane Thomas 澳大利亚Monash大学医学、护理和卫生科学学部

目的通过国际间比较,探讨开发和使用中国社区与医院医疗服务转诊文件的标准,从而改善转诊的效益和效率,提高服务质量和保证病人安全。方法文献学习和政策分析。结果转诊文件是西方医学的一个传统,经历了从书信到表格的转变过程。澳大利... 详细信息

目的通过国际间比较,探讨开发和使用中国社区与医院医疗服务转诊文件的标准,从而改善转诊的效益和效率,提高服务质量和保证病人安全。方法文献学习和政策分析。结果转诊文件是西方医学的一个传统,经历了从书信到表格的转变过程。澳大利亚皇家全科医生学会规范了转诊文件的质量标准,并推行使用统一的全科医学转诊表。转诊文件应该包括全科医生、专科医生、病人的详细联系方式;转诊原因、临床症状和表征、潜在危险、过敏史、用药情况、社会和家族史、既往病史、病程及初步检查结果;医疗保障形式;病人知情同意。规范的转诊文件有助于改善病人信息在医疗服务系统中的流动,便于对病人采取更恰当的筛拣、确定优先和治疗服务,提高电子方式转诊的效率,提高全科医生使用计算机软件的效果和效率。中国尚未规范社区与医院之间的转诊文件,传统的"三联单"的功能实际上是记账,而非交换病人的医学信息。结论需要通过研究来优化转诊文件提供的医学信息,以提高转诊的效率和效益,改善针对病人服务的连续性和质量。

关键词：转诊文件全科医学质量

Prevalence of depression in coronary heart disease in China：a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2014年第16期127卷 2991-2998页

作者： Ren Yanping Yang Hui Colette Browning shane Thomas Liu Meiyan Department of Geriatric-Cardiology First Hospital of Xi'an JiaotongUniversity Xi'an Shannxi 710061 China School of Primary Health Care Faculty of Medicine Nursing andHealth Sciences Victoria 3165 Monash University Australia Department of Cardiology Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated toCapital Medical University Beijing 100029 China

Background Coronary heart diseases （CHD） have been identified as one of topmost diseases affecting the Chinese ***,depression in CHD has not been reported and there are limited high quality empirical studies in China focused on the prevalence of the *** study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of depression with CHD in *** Systematic review and meta-analysis of published epidemiologic studies on the depression in CHD patients in China were *** research findings dated before 30 September 2013 were obtained from Ovid Medline,EMBASE and two Chinese electronic publication libraries WANFANG and *** used ＂cardiovascular disease＂,＂depression＂ and ＂China＂ as the search themes in Ovid Medline and EMBASE and ＂cardiovascular disease＂ and ＂depression＂ in WANFANG and ***-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate the prevalence of depression in CHD *** Twenty-seven studies were included in the ***-three studies had 5 236 participants who were hospitalized and four studies had 1 353 participants from *** overall prevalence of depression in CHD from hospital was 51% （95% CI：0.43,0.58; Ⅰ-squared=97%,P=-0.000）.The prevalence of depression in CHD from community ranged between 34.6% to 45.8%,and the severe depression was found ranging between 3.1% to 11.2%.Conclusions On comparing data with other countries,the prevalence of depression in CHD among admitted patients in China was found to be *** physicians and healthcare providers should pay more attention to the ＂physical-mental＂ health of the CHD patients.

关键词： prevalence depression coronary heart disease China meta-analysis

Challenges in the provision of community aged care in China

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2013年第2期1卷 32-42页

作者： HUI YANG COLETTE BROWNING shane THOMAS School of Primary Health Care Faculty of MedicineNursing and Health SciencesMonash UniversityVictoria 3168Australia

Objective:Population ageing in China is a significant challenge for the Chinese government,the society and Chinese *** dramatic process of population ageing together with social and economic diversity in China has created issues in the availability,equality and sustainability of social and financial support for older *** aims of this review are to identify the social and economic challenges to the traditional caregiving system in China,and to examine possible solutions to improve the care of older people in China using the framework of ageing in ***:Electronic literature searches were conducted in May and June 2013 using PubMed,CNKI,and *** data and reports were retrieved from the United Nations,the World Health Organisation,the World Bank and National Bureau of Statistics of *** policy documents were found through government websites and formal ***:Family-centred care for older people in China is recognised as a cultural tradition in the Chinese ***,driven by large-scale social,political and economic changes,this model of caring for older people has dynamically changed over the last 50 *** the family has been the most important source of social support for older people followed by neighbour support and support from *** family obligations of caring are still centred in a cultural and practical context;however,support from family and children has weakened ***-based aged services are absent in most areas,while older people and their families have to pay out-of-pocket expenses for non-residential *** is a severe shortage of aged care or nursing home resources in China and those that exist are of low quality and *** staff who work in these facilities rarely have any formal training in aged *** addition,a market approach to the funding of residential aged care has the potential to create a moral hazard due to the poor

关键词： Population ageing Healthy ageing Ageing in place Aged care Community-based care China

Fast extended depth of focus meta-optics for varifocal functionality

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Photonics Research 2022年第3期10卷 828-833页

作者： James E.M.Whitehead Alan Zhan shane Colburn Luocheng Huang Arka Majumdar Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonD.C.98195USA Tunoptix SeattleWashingtonD.C.98195USA Department of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonD.C.98195USA

Extended depth of focus(EDOF)optics can enable lower complexity optical imaging systems when compared to active focusing *** existing EDOF optics,however,it is difficult to achieve high resolution and high collection efficiency *** subwavelength spacing of scatterers in a meta-optic enables the engineering of very steep phase gradients;thus,meta-optics can achieve both a large physical aperture and a high numerical ***,we demonstrate a fast(f/1.75)EDOF meta-optic operating at visible wavelengths,with an aperture of 2 mm and focal range from 3.5 mm to 14.5 mm(286 diopters to 69 diopters),which is a 250×elongation of the depth of focus relative to a standard ***-independent performance is shown by imaging at a range of finite conjugates,with a minimum spatial resolution of∼9.84μm(50.8 cycles/mm).We also demonstrate operation of a directly integrated EDOF meta-optic camera module to evaluate imaging at multiple object distances,a functionality which would otherwise require a varifocal lens.

关键词： optics enable otherwise

Evaluating the Impacts of Using Different Digital Surface Models to Estimate Forest Height with TanDEM-X Interferometric Coherence Data

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雷达学报（中英文） 2020年第2期9卷 386-398页

作者： CHEN Hao HILL David A. WHITE Joanne C. CLOUDE shane R. Canadian Forest Service 506 Burnside Road WestVictoriaBritish ColumbiaV8Z 1M5Canada Applied Electromagnetics Consultants 26 Westfield AvenueCuparFifeKY155AAUK

In our previous studies, we demonstrated the usefulness of TanDEM-X interferometric bistatic mode with single polarization to obtain forest heights for the purposes of large area mapping. A key feature of our approach has been the use of a simplified Random Volume Over Ground(RVOG) model that locally estimates forest height. The model takes TanDEM-X interferometric coherence amplitude as an input and uses an external Digital Surface Model(DSM) to account for local slope variations due to terrain topography in order to achieve accurate forest height estimation. The selection of DSM for use as a local slope reference is essential, as an inaccurate DSM will result in less accurate terrain-correction and forest height estimation. In this paper, we assessed TanDEM-X height estimates associated with scale variations in different DSMs used in the model over a remote sensing supersite in Petawawa, Canada. The DSMs used for assessments and comparisons included ASTER GDEM, ALOS GDSM, airborne DRAPE DSM, Canadian DSM and TanDEM-X DSM. Airborne Laser Scanning(ALS) data were used as reference for terrain slope and forest height comparisons. The results showed that, with the exception of the ASTER GDEM, all DSMs were sufficiently accurate for the simplified RVOG model to provide a satisfactory estimate of stand-level forest height. When compared to the ALS 95th height percentile, the modeled forest heights had R2 values greater than 80% and Root-Mean-Square Errors(RMSE)less than 2 m. For a close similarity in slope estimation with the ALS reference, coverage across Canada and open data access, the 0.75 arc-second(20 m) resolution Canadian DSM was selected as a preferred choice for the simplified RVOG model to provide TanDEM-X height estimation in Canada.

关键词： Interferometric COA Digital surface model Forest height

Body temperature,activity patterns and hunting in free-living cheetah:biologging reveals new insights

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第1期14卷 30-47页

作者： Robyn S.HETEM Duncan MITCHELL Brenda A.DE WITT Linda G.FICK shane K.MALONEY Leith C.R.MEYER and Andrea FULLER School of Animal Plant and Environmental SciencesFaculty of SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa Brain Function Research Group School of PhysiologyFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of the Witwatersrand Medical SchoolParktownJohannesburgSouth Africa School of Human Sciences University of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia Department of Paraclinical Science Faculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of PretoriaSouth Africa

As one of the few felids that is predominantly diurnal,cheetahs(Acinonyx jubatus)can be exposed to high heat loads in their natural *** is known about long-term patterns of body temperature and activity(including hunting)in cheetahs because long-term concurrent measurements of body temperature and activity have never been reported for cheetahs,or,indeed,for any free-living *** report here body temperature and locomo-tor activity measured with implanted data loggers over 7 months in 5 free-living cheetahs in *** tem-perature ranged from a maximum of 39°C in summer to−2°C in *** had higher(~0.4°C)max-imum 24-h body temperatures,later acrophase(~1 h),with larger fluctuations in the range of the 24-h body temperature rhythm(approximately 0.4°C)during a hot-dry period than during a cool-dry period,but main-tained homeothermy irrespective of the climatic *** ambient temperatures increased,the cheetahs shifted from a diurnal to a crepuscular activity pattern,with reduced activity between 900 and 1500 hours and increased nocturnal *** timing of hunts followed the general pattern of activity;the cheetahs hunted when they were on the *** hunted if an opportunity presented itself;on occasion they hunted in the midday heat or in total darkness(new moon).Biologging revealed insights into cheetah biology that are not ac-cessible by traditional observer-based techniques.

关键词： Acinonyx jubatus heat stress nocturnal intraguild predators moonlight