检索结果-南通市图书馆

转诊文件——全科医学服务质量的一个关键指标

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

中国全科医学 2009年第5期12卷 359-362+365页

作者：杨辉 shane Thomas 澳大利亚Monash大学医学、护理和卫生科学学部

目的通过国际间比较,探讨开发和使用中国社区与医院医疗服务转诊文件的标准,从而改善转诊的效益和效率,提高服务质量和保证病人安全。方法文献学习和政策分析。结果转诊文件是西方医学的一个传统,经历了从书信到表格的转变过程。澳大利... 详细信息

目的通过国际间比较,探讨开发和使用中国社区与医院医疗服务转诊文件的标准,从而改善转诊的效益和效率,提高服务质量和保证病人安全。方法文献学习和政策分析。结果转诊文件是西方医学的一个传统,经历了从书信到表格的转变过程。澳大利亚皇家全科医生学会规范了转诊文件的质量标准,并推行使用统一的全科医学转诊表。转诊文件应该包括全科医生、专科医生、病人的详细联系方式;转诊原因、临床症状和表征、潜在危险、过敏史、用药情况、社会和家族史、既往病史、病程及初步检查结果;医疗保障形式;病人知情同意。规范的转诊文件有助于改善病人信息在医疗服务系统中的流动,便于对病人采取更恰当的筛拣、确定优先和治疗服务,提高电子方式转诊的效率,提高全科医生使用计算机软件的效果和效率。中国尚未规范社区与医院之间的转诊文件,传统的"三联单"的功能实际上是记账,而非交换病人的医学信息。结论需要通过研究来优化转诊文件提供的医学信息,以提高转诊的效率和效益,改善针对病人服务的连续性和质量。

关键词：转诊文件全科医学质量

Challenges in the provision of community aged care in China

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Family Medicine and Community Health 2013年第2期1卷 32-42页

作者： HUI YANG COLETTE BROWNING shane THOMAS School of Primary Health Care Faculty of MedicineNursing and Health SciencesMonash UniversityVictoria 3168Australia

Objective:Population ageing in China is a significant challenge for the Chinese government,the society and Chinese *** dramatic process of population ageing together with social and economic diversity in China has created issues in the availability,equality and sustainability of social and financial support for older *** aims of this review are to identify the social and economic challenges to the traditional caregiving system in China,and to examine possible solutions to improve the care of older people in China using the framework of ageing in ***:Electronic literature searches were conducted in May and June 2013 using PubMed,CNKI,and *** data and reports were retrieved from the United Nations,the World Health Organisation,the World Bank and National Bureau of Statistics of *** policy documents were found through government websites and formal ***:Family-centred care for older people in China is recognised as a cultural tradition in the Chinese ***,driven by large-scale social,political and economic changes,this model of caring for older people has dynamically changed over the last 50 *** the family has been the most important source of social support for older people followed by neighbour support and support from *** family obligations of caring are still centred in a cultural and practical context;however,support from family and children has weakened ***-based aged services are absent in most areas,while older people and their families have to pay out-of-pocket expenses for non-residential *** is a severe shortage of aged care or nursing home resources in China and those that exist are of low quality and *** staff who work in these facilities rarely have any formal training in aged *** addition,a market approach to the funding of residential aged care has the potential to create a moral hazard due to the poor

关键词： Population ageing Healthy ageing Ageing in place Aged care Community-based care China

Body temperature,activity patterns and hunting in free-living cheetah:biologging reveals new insights

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Integrative Zoology 2019年第1期14卷 30-47页

作者： Robyn S.HETEM Duncan MITCHELL Brenda A.DE WITT Linda G.FICK shane K.MALONEY Leith C.R.MEYER and Andrea FULLER School of Animal Plant and Environmental SciencesFaculty of SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa Brain Function Research Group School of PhysiologyFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of the Witwatersrand Medical SchoolParktownJohannesburgSouth Africa School of Human Sciences University of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia Department of Paraclinical Science Faculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of PretoriaSouth Africa

As one of the few felids that is predominantly diurnal,cheetahs(Acinonyx jubatus)can be exposed to high heat loads in their natural *** is known about long-term patterns of body temperature and activity(including hunting)in cheetahs because long-term concurrent measurements of body temperature and activity have never been reported for cheetahs,or,indeed,for any free-living *** report here body temperature and locomo-tor activity measured with implanted data loggers over 7 months in 5 free-living cheetahs in *** tem-perature ranged from a maximum of 39°C in summer to−2°C in *** had higher(~0.4°C)max-imum 24-h body temperatures,later acrophase(~1 h),with larger fluctuations in the range of the 24-h body temperature rhythm(approximately 0.4°C)during a hot-dry period than during a cool-dry period,but main-tained homeothermy irrespective of the climatic *** ambient temperatures increased,the cheetahs shifted from a diurnal to a crepuscular activity pattern,with reduced activity between 900 and 1500 hours and increased nocturnal *** timing of hunts followed the general pattern of activity;the cheetahs hunted when they were on the *** hunted if an opportunity presented itself;on occasion they hunted in the midday heat or in total darkness(new moon).Biologging revealed insights into cheetah biology that are not ac-cessible by traditional observer-based techniques.

关键词： Acinonyx jubatus heat stress nocturnal intraguild predators moonlight

集思广益拓展禽病防控策略--第58届西方禽病会议内容精选

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

中国家禽 2009年第15期31卷 60-61页

作者： Simon shane 林又米

2009年5月22-25日，第58届西方禽病会议在美国加利福尼亚州萨卡拉门托市举行。该会议每年在美国定期举行，参会代表是来自全球的禽类健康专家。

关键词：禽病防控策略西方精选加利福尼亚州美国禽类

Individual differences in transcranial electrical stimulation current density

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The Journal of Biomedical Research 2013年第6期27卷 495-508页

作者： Michael J Russell Theodore Goodman Ronald Pierson shane Shepherd Qiang Wang Bennett Groshong David F Wiley Aaken Research Institute Inc. Sutter Center for Psychiatry Brain Image Analysis LLC Radiological Associates of Sacramento Inc. Stratovan Corp.

Transcranial electrical stimulation （TCES） is effective in treating many conditions, but it has not been possible to accurately forecast current density within the complex anatomy of a given subject＇s head. We sought to predict and verify TCES current densities and determine the variability of these current distributions in patient-specific models based on magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） data. Two experiments were performed. The first experiment estimated conductivity from MRIs and compared the current density results against actual measurements from the scalp surface of 3 subjects. In the second experiment, virtual electrodes were placed on the scalps of 18 subjects to model simulated current densities with 2 mA of virtually applied stimulation. This procedure was repeated for 4 electrode locations. Current densities were then calculated for 75 brain regions. Comparison of modeled and measured external current in experiment 1 yielded a correlation of r = .93. In experiment 2, modeled individual differences were greatest near the electrodes （ten-fold differences were common）, but simulated current was found in all regions of the brain. Sites that were distant from the electrodes （e.g. hypothalamus） typically showed two- fold individual differences. MRI-based modeling can effectively predict current densities in individual brains. Significant variation occurs between subjects with the same applied electrode configuration. Individualized MRI- based modeling should be considered in place of the 10-20 system when accurate TCES is needed.

关键词： RI modeling current density transcranial-stimulation tDCS

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

CUDA并行程序设计

为什么鼓励更多人创业是一项拙劣的公共政策？

作者： (美)shane Cook

来源：南通市图书馆图书评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

开放时代 2010年第8期 109-120页

作者： Scott A.shane 舒萍美国Case Western Reserve大学管理学院

政策制定者们常常认为,创建更多新公司将改变经济萧条的地区,促进创新,创造就业。这种看法令人质疑,因为新建公司不具创新能力,创造不了多少就业机会,也生产不了多少财富。通过创业获得经济增长和创造就业机会不是一种数字游戏,它是要... 详细信息

政策制定者们常常认为,创建更多新公司将改变经济萧条的地区,促进创新,创造就业。这种看法令人质疑,因为新建公司不具创新能力,创造不了多少就业机会,也生产不了多少财富。通过创业获得经济增长和创造就业机会不是一种数字游戏,它是要鼓励高品质、高增长公司的形成。政策制定者应停止资助典型新公司的创建,把重点放在有增长潜力的公司上。虽然政府官员不能"挑选赢家",他们还是能够甄别出无力创造就业和拉动经济增长的新建公司。通过减少对这些低能力公司的创建激励,政策制定者们能够改善新生企业的平均绩效。

关键词：经济增长创业者创业奖得主创造就业创建新企业

Bone density, microarchitecture and stiffness in Caucasian and Caribbean Hispanic postmenopausal American women

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Bone Research 2014年第3期2卷 194-202页

作者： Bin Zhou Ji Wang Emily M Stein Zhendong Zhang Kyle K Nishiyama Chiyuan A Zhang Thomas L Nickolas Elizabeth shane X Edward Guo Bone Bioengineering Laboratory Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia University Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine Columbia University Department of Orthopedic Surgery First Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Shihezi University

Hispanic Americans of Caribbean origin are a fast-growing subset of the US population, but there are no studies on bone density, microstructure and biomechanical integrity in this minority group. In this study, we aimed to compare Caucasian and Caribbean Hispanic postmenopausal American women with respect to these characteristics. Thirty-three Caribbean Hispanics were age-matched to thirty-three Caucasian postmenopausal women. At the lumbar spine, the Hispanic women had significantly lower areal bone mineral density （aBMD）. At the radius by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography （HR-pQCT）, there were minimal differences between Hispanic and Caucasian women. At the tibia, Hispanic women had lower trabecular volumetric bone density and trabecular number, and higher trabecular separation. Individual trabecula segmentation （ITS） analyses indicated that at the tibia, Hispanic women not only had significantly lower bone volume fraction, but also had significantly lower rod bone volume fraction, plate trabecular number, rod trabecular number and lower plate-plate, plate-rod and rod-rod junction densities compared to Caucasian women. The differences in bone quantity and quality contributed to lower whole bone stiffness at the radius, and both whole bone and trabecular bone stiffness at the tibia in Hispanic women. In conclusion, Hispanic women had poorer bone mechanical and microarchitectural properties than Caucasian women, especially at the load-bearing distal tibia.

关键词： bone DXA Bone density microarchitecture and stiffness in Caucasian and Caribbean Hispanic postmenopausal American women

Comparison of acid-detergent lignin,alkaline-peroxide lignin,and acid-detergent insoluble ash as internal markers for predicting fecal output and digestibility by cattle offered bermudagrass hays of varying nutrient composition

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第3期5卷 310-317页

作者： Juvenal Kanani Dirk Philipp Kenneth P Coffey Elizabeth B Kegley Charles P West shane Gadberry John Jennings Ashley N Young Robert T Rhein Division of Agriculture University of Arkansas Department of Plant and Soil Science Texas Tech University

Background： The potential for acid-detergent insoluble ash （ADIA）, alkaline-peroxide lignin （APL）, and acid-detergent lignin （ADL） to predict fecal output （FO） and dry matter digestibility （DMD） by cattle offered bermudagrass [Cynodon doctylon （L） Pers.] hays of different qualities was evaluated. Eight ruminally cannulated cows （594 ± 35.5 kg） were allocated randomly to 4 hay diets： low （L）, medium low （ML）, medium high （MH）, and high （H） crude protein （CP） concentration （79, 111,131, and 164 g CP/kg on a DM basis, respectively）. Diets were offered in 3 periods with 2 diet replicates per period and were rotated across cows between periods. Cows were individually fed 20 g DM/kg of body weight in equal feedings at 08：00 and 16：00 h for a 10-d adaptation followed by a 5-d total fecal collection. Actual DM intake （DMI）, DMD, and FO were determined based on hay offered, ort, and feces excreted. These components were then analyzed for ADL, APL, and ADIA concentration to determine marker recovery and marker-based estimates of FO and DMD. Results： Forage DMI was affected by diet （P = 0.02）, and DMI from MH and H was greater （P 〈 0.05） than from L. Apparent DMD tended （P = 0.08） to differ among diets while FO （P = 0.20） was not affected by diet treatments. Average ADL recovery （1.16） was greater （P 〈 0.05） than that of ADIA （1.03） and APL （1.06）, but ADIA and APL did not differ （P = 0.42）. Estimates of FO and DMD derived using APL and ADIA were not different （P≥0.05） from total fecal collection while those using ADL differed （P 〈 0.05）. There was no diet by marker interaction （P≥ 0.22） for either FO or DMD. Conclusion： Acid-detergent insoluble ash and APL accurately predicted FO and DMD of cattle fed bermudagrass hay of varying nutrient composition. These internal markers may facilitate studies involving large numbers of animals and forages. Results from such studies may be used to develop improved equations to predict energy values of forages based on the relationship of di

关键词： Acid-detergent insoluble ash Alkaline-peroxide lignin Bermudagrass Cattle Digestibility Marker