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Deep learning-based lung sound analysis for intelligent stethoscope

Military Medical Research 2024年第4期11卷 567-588页

作者： Dong-Min Huang Jia Huang Kun Qiao Nan-shan Zhong Hong-zhou Lu Wen-Jin Wang Department of Biomedical Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen Shenzhen 518112GuangdongChina Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseaseNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseasethe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510120China

Auscultation is crucial for the diagnosis of respiratory system ***,traditional stethoscopes have inherent limitations,such as inter-listener variability and subjectivity,and they cannot record respiratory sounds for offline/retrospective diagnosis or remote prescriptions in *** emergence of digital stethoscopes has overcome these limitations by allowing physicians to store and share respiratory sounds for consultation and *** this basis,machine learning,particularly deep learning,enables the fully-automatic analysis of lung sounds that may pave the way for intelligent *** review thus aims to provide a comprehensive overview of deep learning algorithms used for lung sound analysis to emphasize the significance of artificial intelligence(AI)in this *** focus on each component of deep learning-based lung sound analysis systems,including the task categories,public datasets,denoising methods,and,most importantly,existing deep learning methods,i.e.,the state-of-the-art approaches to convert lung sounds into two-dimensional(2D)spectrograms and use convolutional neural networks for the end-to-end recognition of respiratory diseases or abnormal lung ***,this review highlights current challenges in this field,including the variety of devices,noise sensitivity,and poor interpretability of deep *** address the poor reproducibility and variety of deep learning in this field,this review also provides a scalable and flexible open-source framework that aims to standardize the algorithmic workflow and provide a solid basis for replication and future extension:https://***/contactless-healthcare/Deep-Learning-for-Lung-Sound-Analysis.

关键词： Deep learning Lung sound analysis Respiratory sounds

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Magnetic resonance imaging techniques for lithium-ion batteries:Principles and applications

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2024年第2期4卷 22-39页

作者： Hongxin Lin Yanting Jin Mingming Tao Yingao zhou Peizhao shan Danhui Zhao Yong Yang State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringTan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory(IKKEM)Xiamen UniversityXiamen361005China School of Energy Xiamen UniversityXiamen361005China

Operando monitoring of internal and local electrochemical processes within lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is crucial,necessitating a range of non-invasive,real-time imaging characterization techniques including nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)*** review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent applications and advancements of non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)techniques in *** initially introduces the principles and hardware of MRI,followed by a detailed summary and comparison of MRI techniques used for characterizing liquid/solid electrolytes,electrodes and commercial *** encompasses the determination of electrolytes'transport properties,acquisition of ion distribution profile,and diagnosis of battery *** focusing on experimental parameters and optimization strategies,our goal is to explore MRI methods suitable to a variety of research subjects,aiming to enhance imaging quality across diverse scenarios and offer critical physical/chemical insights into the ongoing operation processes of LIBs.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) Electrolytes Electrodes Commercial batteries

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Homocysteine is associated with the progression of non-culprit coronary lesions in elderly acute coronary syndrome patients after percutaneous coronary intervention

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2016年第4期13卷 299-305页

作者： Tian-Wen HAN shan-shan zhou Jian-Tao LI Feng TIAN Yang MU Jing JING Yun-Feng HAN Yun-Dai CHEN Department of Cardiology Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China

Background The influence of homocysteine （Hcy） on the migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells has been well established. However, the impact of Hcy levels on the progression of non-culprit coronary lesions （NCCLs） is controversial. This study aims to evaluate whether the plasma level of Hcy is related to the progression of NCCLs after percutaneous coronary stent implantation in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome （ACS）. Methods A total of 223 elderly patients （〉 65 years old） with ACS undergoing stent im- plantation and follow-up coronary angiography were enrolled. Laboratory determination comprised of blood sample evaluation for Hcy was carried out before baseline coronary intervention. The patients were classified into two groups according to the blood Hcy tertiles （〉 15 mmol/L or 〈 15 mmol/L）. Patients were followed up for 12.2 months. NCCL progression was assessed by three-dimensional quantitative coronary angiography. Results A significantly higher ratio of NCCL progression was observed in the group with baseline Hcy concentrations above 15 mmol/L compared to the group with concentrations below 15 mmol/L （41/127, 32.3% vs. 14/96, 14.6%, P = 0.002）. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that Hcy and diabetes mellitus were independent risk factors for NCCL progression. The crude haz- ard ratio （HR） of NCCL progression for Hcy level was 1.056 （95% CI： 1.01-1.104, P = 0.015）. The adjusted HR of NCCL progression for Hcy level was 1.024 （95% CI： 1.007-1.042, P = 0.007）. The adjusted HR of NCCL progression for diabetes mellitus was 1.992 （95% CI： 1.15-3.44, P = 0.013）. Conclusions Hcy is an independent risk factor for NCCL progression after 12 months of follow-up in elderly patients with ACS who has undergone percutaneous coronary stenting.

关键词： Coronary angiography Elderly patients Homocysteine Non-culprit coronary lesion Percutaneous coronary intervention

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HQNN-SFOP: Hybrid Quantum Neural Networks with Signal Feature Overlay Projection for Drone Detection Using Radar Return Signals-A Simulation

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Computers, Materials and Continua 2024年第1期81卷 1363-1390页

作者： Wang, Wenxia Xu, Jinchen Ding, Xiaodong Song, Zhihui Huang, Yizhen zhou, Xin shan, Zheng School of Cyberspace Security Information Engineering University Zhengzhou 450001 China

With the wide application of drone technology, there is an increasing demand for the detection of radar return signals from drones. Existing detection methods mainly rely on time-frequency domain feature extraction and classical machine learning algorithms for image recognition. This method suffers from the problem of large dimensionality of image features, which leads to large input data size and noise affecting learning. Therefore, this paper proposes to extract signal time-domain statistical features for radar return signals from drones and reduce the feature dimension from 512 × 4 to 16 dimensions. However, the downscaled feature data makes the accuracy of traditional machine learning algorithms decrease, so we propose a new hybrid quantum neural network with signal feature overlay projection (HQNN-SFOP), which reduces the dimensionality of the signal by extracting the statistical features in the time domain of the signal, introduces the signal feature overlay projection to enhance the expression ability of quantum computation on the signal features, and introduces the quantum circuits to improve the neural network's ability to obtain the inline relationship of features, thus improving the accuracy and migration generalization ability of drone detection. In order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, we experimented with the method using the MM model that combines the real parameters of five commercial drones and random drones parameters to generate data to simulate a realistic environment. The results show that the method based on statistical features in the time domain of the signal is able to extract features at smaller scales and obtain higher accuracy on a dataset with an SNR of 10 dB. On the time-domain feature data set, HQNNSFOP obtains the highest accuracy compared to other conventional methods. In addition, HQNN-SFOP has good migration generalization ability on five commercial drones and random drones data at different SNR conditions. Ou

关键词： Time domain analysis

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Surface-induced Microstructure and Performance Changes in P3HT Ultrathin Films

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第6期42卷 805-814页

作者： Hong-Tao shan Jia-Xin He Bing-Yan Zhu Xue-Ting Cao Ying-Ying Yan Jian-Jun zhou Hong Huo Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials College of ChemistryBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China

In this work,poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT)ultrathin films(P3HT-T)were prepared by spin-coating a dilute P3HT solution(in a toluene:o-dichlorobenzene(Tol:ODCB)blend with a volume ratio of 80:20)with ultrasonication and the addition of the nucleating agent bicycle[2.2.1]heptane-2,3-dicarboxylic acid disodium salt(HPN-68L)on glass,Si wafers and indium tin oxide(ITO)*** electrical and mechanical properties of the P3HT-T ultrathin films were investigated,and it was found that the conductivity and crack onset strain(COS)were simultaneously improved in comparison with those of the corresponding pristine P3HT film(P3HT-0,without ultrasonication and nucleating agent)on the same substrate,regardless of what substrate was ***,the conductivity of P3HT-T ultrathin films on different substrates was similar(varying from 3.7 S·cm^(-1)to 4.4 S·cm^(-1)),yet the COS increased from 97%to 138%by varying the substrate from a Si wafer to *** grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray diffraction(GIXRD),UV-visible(UV-Vis)spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy(AFM),we found that the solid order and crystallinity of the P3HT-T ultrathin film on the Si wafer are highest,followed by those on glass,and much lower on ***,the surface energy and roughness of three substrates were investigated,and it was found that the polar component of the surface energyγp plays a critical role in determining the crystalline microstructures of P3HT ultrathin films on different *** work indicates that the P3HT ultrathin film can obviously improve the stretchability and simultaneously retain similar electrical performance when a suitable substrate is *** findings offer a new direction for research on stretchable CP ultrathin films to facilitate future practical applications.

关键词： P3HT ultrathin film Substrate Crystalline microstructures Polar component of the surface energy Electrical and stretchable performances

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Influence of blood glucose fluctuations on chemotherapy efficacy and safety in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients complicated with lung carcinoma

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第4期15卷 645-653页

作者： Tian-Zheng Fang Xian-Qiao Wu Ting-Qi Zhao shan-shan Wang Guo-Mei-Zhi Fu Qing-Long Wu Cheng-Wei zhou Department of Thoracic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315020Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Endocrine The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315020Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315020Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)have large fluctuations in blood glucose(BG),abnormal metabolic function and low immunity to varying degrees,which increases the risk of malignant tumor diseases and affects the efficacy of tumor *** hyperglycemia may have important therapeutic implications for cancer *** To clarify the influence of BG fluctuations on chemotherapy efficacy and safety in T2DM patients complicated with lung carcinoma(LC).METHODS The clinical data of 60 T2DM+LC patients who presented to the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University between January 2019 and January 2021 were retrospectively *** patients underwent chemotherapy and were grouped as a control group(CG;normal BG fluctuation with a mean fluctuation<3.9 mmol/L)and an observation group(OG;high BG fluctuation with a mean fluctuation≥3.9 mmol/L)based on their BG fluctuations,with 30 cases *** indices,tumor markers,serum inflammatory cytokines and adverse reactions were comparatively *** correlation analysis was performed to analyze the correlation between BG fluctuations and tumor *** The fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose levels in the OG were notably elevated compared with those in the CG,together with markedly higher mean amplitude of glycemic excursions(MAGE),mean of daily differences,largest amplitude of glycemic excursions and standard deviation of blood glucose(P<0.05).In addition,the OG exhibited evidently higher levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9,carbohydrate antigen 125,carcinoembryonic antigen,neuron-specific enolase,cytokeratin 19,tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6,and highsensitivity C-reactive protein than the CG(P<0.05).Pearson analysis revealed a positive association of MAGE with serum tumor *** incidence of adverse reactions was significantly higher in the OG than in the CG(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The greater the BG fluctuation in LC patients after

关键词： Blood glucose fluctuation Type 2 diabetes mellitus Lung carcinoma Tumor markers

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Rapid Antidepressant-Like Potential of Chaihu Shugan San Depends on Suppressing Glutamate Neurotransmission and Activating Synaptic Proteins in Hippocampus of Female Mice

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第8期30卷 692-700页

作者： LU Chao GAO Zi-wei XING shan WANG Hui-hui HUANG Yun-ke zhou Hang WU Lei Department of Chinese Medicine Preparations Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineJiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese MedicineNanjing210029China College of Chinese Medicine Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing210046China Department of Chinese Medicine Women’s HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310000China

Objective To explore the rapid antidepressant potential and the underlying mechanism of Chaihu Shugan San(CSS)in female *** Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry(LC-MS)/MS was used to determine the content of main components in CSS to determine its *** C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups,including control(saline),vehicle(saline),CSS(4 g/kg)and ketamine(30 mg/kg)*** were subjected to irregular stress stimulation for 4 weeks to establish the chronic mild stress(CMS)model,then received a single administration of *** hours later,the behavioral tests were performed,including open field test,tail suspension test(TST),forced swimming test(FST),novelty suppression feeding test(NSF),and sucrose preference test(SPT).Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression levels of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor(NMDA)subtypes[N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1(NR1),NR2A,NR2B],synaptic proteins[synapsin1 and post synaptic density protein 95(PSD95)],and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF).Moreover,the rapid antidepressant effect of CSS was tested by pharmacological technologies and optogenetic interventions that activated glutamate receptors,*** Compared with the vehicle group,a single administration of CSS(4 g/kg)reversed all behavioral defects in TST,FST,SPT and NSF caused by CMS(P<0.05 or P<0.01).CSS also significantly decreased the expressions of NMDA subtypes(NR1,NR2A,NR2B)at 2 h in hippocampus of mice(all P<0.01).In addition,similar to ketamine,CSS increased levels of synaptic proteins and BDNF(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Furthermore,the rapid antidepressant effects of CSS were blocked by transient activation of NMDA receptors in the hippocampus(all P<0.01).Conclusion Rapid antidepressant effects of CSS by improving behavioral deficits in female CMS mice depended on rapid suppression of NMDA receptors and activation of synaptic proteins.

关键词： Chaihu Shugan San female rapid antidepressant potential N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor synapticprotein optogenetic Chinesemedicine

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Gut microbiota remodeling drived by dietary millet protein prevents the metabolic syndrome

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 1987-2001页

作者： Shuhua shan Ruopeng Yin Jiangying Shi Lizhen Zhang Jiaqi zhou Qinqin Qiao Xiushan Dong Wenjing Zhao Zhuoyu Li Institute of Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of EducationShanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China School of Life Science Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China shanxi Bethune Hospital Shanxi Academy of Medical SciencesTongji Shanxi HospitalThird Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030032China Department of Biology Biological Science and Technology CollegeTaiyuan Normal UniversityJinzhong 030619China

Metabolic syndrome(Met S)is a chronic disease associated with the disturbance of gut microbiota *** derived from gut microbes play essential roles in Met S prevention and ***,we focused on the inhibitory effect of the extract of millet bran protein(EMBP)on a high-fat diet(HFD)-induced Met S,aiming to identify gut microbiota and their metabolites that involve in the anti-Met S activity of *** obesity,chronic inflammation,insulin resistance in Met S mouse models were abolished after EMBP *** protective mechanism of EMBP against HFD-induced Met S may depend on improved gut barrier *** microbiome analysis,we found that EMBP supplementation improved gut microbiome dysbiosis in Met S mice,specifically upregulating Bacteroides *** fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)also demonstrated this *** addition,metabolomic analysis showed that EMBP mediates metabolic profiling reprogramming in Met S ***,a microbiota-derived metabolite,gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA),is enriched by *** addition,exogenous GABA treatment produced a similar protective effect to EMBP by improving NRF2-dependent gut barrier function to protect HFDinduced Met *** results suggest that EMBP suppress host Met S by remodeling of gut microbiota as an effective candidate for next-generation medicine food dual purpose dietary supplement to intervene in MetS.

关键词： Metabolic syndrome Gut microbiota Extract of millet bran protein Gamma-aminobutyric acid Gut barrier function

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Mutual feedback between algal blooming and global warming

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第3期42卷 787-801页

作者： Jianrong MA Guijun YANG Xianfu ZHAO Boqiang QIN Kun shan Botian zhou Yan ZENG Jingfu WANG Jingan CHEN Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550002China School of Environment and Ecology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Water Resources for Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem Institute of HydroecologyMinistry of Water Resources&Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430079China State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Global warming and algal blooms have been two of the most pressing problems faced by the world *** recent decades,numerous studies indicated that global warming promoted the expansion of algal ***,research on how algal blooms respond to global warming is *** warming coupled with eutrophication promoted the rapid growth of phytoplankton,which resulted in an expansion of algal *** blooms are affected by the combined effects of global warming,including increases in temperatures,CO_(2)concentration,and nutrient input to aquatic systems by extreme weather *** the growth of phytoplankton requires CO_(2),they appear to act as a carbon ***,algal blooms will release CH4,CO_(2),and inorganic nitrogen when they die and *** substrate nitrogen increases from decompose algal biomass,more N2O will be released by nitrification and *** comparison to CO_(2),CH4has 28-fold and N2O has 265-fold greenhouse ***,algal blooms in the polar regions may contribute to melting glaciers and sea ice(will release greenhouse gas,which contribute to global warming)by reducing surface albedo,which consequently would accelerate global ***,algal blooms and global warming could form feedback loops which prevent human survival and *** researches shall examine the mechanism,trend,strength,and control strategies involved in this mutual ***,it will promote global projects of environmental protection combining governance greenhouse gas emissions and algal blooms,to form a geoengineering for regulating the cycles of carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus.

关键词： climate change carbon neutrality eutrophication greenhouse gas glaciers melting geoengineering

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Engineering a high-barrier d-f single-molecule magnet centered with hexagonal bipyramidal Dy(Ⅲ)unit

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第10期67卷 3291-3298页

作者： Wei Deng Chan-Ying Yao Yan-Cong Chen Ying-Qian zhou shan-Nan Du Jun-Liang Liu Ming-Liang Tong Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of ChemistryInstitute of Green Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringGuangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular EngineeringSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

In the pursuit of high-performance single-molecule magnets(SMMs),incorporating intramolecular magnetic coupling emerges as a pivotal *** these,d-f SMMs have garnered significant attention due to their remarkable versatility,which lies in their ability to tune coordination environments and facilely substitute metal ***,achieving performance-centric d-f SMMs through the synergistic interplay between highly anisotropic f ions and d-f magnetic interactions remains a formidable *** mononuclear hexagonal bipyramidal(D_(6h))Dy^(Ⅲ)SMMs have been successfully isolated,the exploration of d-f SMMs featuring D_(6h)-lanthanide metal centers remains uncharted *** this study,we employed planar bipodal ligands in conjunction with“staple-like”axial phenoxide ligands to synthesize the first hexagonal bipyramidal d-f ***,this compound exhibits alternating-current magnetic susceptibilities peaking up to 68 K with an energy barrier surpassing 1,200 K,thus establishing a new benchmark within the heterometallic d-f SMM landscape inclusive of complexes with diamagnetic d metals and paramagnetic f ***,the ferromagnetic interaction at the d-f sites engenders oscillating relaxation times contingent on the magnetic field—a characteristic distinct from mononuclear *** findings shed light on a deliberate design approach for d-f SMMs,emphasizing the cooperative utilization of high-barrier lanthanide modules alongside d ions through magnetic *** synergy significantly enhances and diversifies the magnetic dynamics of these intriguing molecular systems.

关键词： single-molecule magnets magnetic coupling crystal engineering hexagonal bipyramid energy barrier

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