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Effect of Biochar Application on Soil Carbon Fluxes from Sequential Dry and Wet Cultivation Systems

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American Journal of Climate Change 2018年第1期7卷 40-53页

作者： Mahmudul Islam Piash Md. Faruque Hossain Ihuoma N. Anyanwu shamim al mamun Zakia Parveen Department of Soil Water & Environment University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh American International University-Bangladesh Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Biology/Microbiology/Biotechnology Federal University Ndufu-Alike Ikwo Ikwo Nigeria Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University Tangail Bangladesh

Application of biochar has been highly credited for its potential to sequester carbon and GHG mitigation from tropical agro-ecosystems. However, experiments show inconsistent results depending on soil and biochar type, cultivation system, climatic condition and the type of evolved GHGs. This study emphasized on the effect of biochar on carbon emission trends from a sequential dry and wet cultivation system of Bangladesh. An incubation study was conducted with two contrasting soils and eight different treatments viz. control, only fertilizer, three different biochars (10 t·ha-1) with and without recommended fertilizer dose. Results revealed the fact that, emission of carbon was substantially higher from Sara soil than Kalma soil. Biochar treatments did not have any easing effect on CO2 emission at field condition;rather, increased in most of the cases. However, emission was significantly (P 2. Biochar application was ineffective to control CH4 and CO release to atmosphere and submergence further intensified their emission significantly. The overall results indicate that applied biochars have negligible effect on carbon emission except for reducing CO2 from submerged soils.

关键词： Greenhouse Gases Carbon Emission CO2 CH4 CO Emission from Submergence

Dexamethasone in coronavirus disease 2019 care:Dosage and utilization insights

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World Journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 1-4页

作者： Laiba shamim Imshaal Musharaf Abdulqadir J Nashwan Department of Clinical Medicine Jinnah Sindh Medical UniversityKarachi 75510SindhPakistan Department of Medicine Jinnah Sindh Medical UniversityKarachi 75510SindhPakistan Department of Nursing and Midwifery Research Hamad Medical CorporationDoha 3050Qatar

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus *** was declared a global pandemic on March 11,2020,by the World Health *** excessive inflammatory response is a severe respiratory manifestation of COVID-19,which becomes predominant in later *** to its immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties,dexamethasone is the first systemic glucocorticoid to treat severe COVID-19 *** editorial reviews the efficacy and safety of highdose vs low-dose dexamethasone in patients with *** indicate that using low-dose dexamethasone is beneficial and emphasize the need for additional research on the use of high-dose *** the study provides a robust evidence base,it is limited by the lack of long-term data,focus on specific outcomes and heterogeneity of the included *** research should focus on the long-term effects of dexamethasone and its impact across varying disease severities and patient populations to refine treatment strategies and improve patient care.

关键词： COVID-19 Severe acute respiratory syndrome Corticosteroid Dexamethasone Anti-inflammatory

Production of Biochar for Soil Application:A Comparative Study of Three Kiln Models

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Pedosphere 2015年第5期25卷 696-702页

作者： shamim MIA Nijam UDDIN Shaikh Abdullah al mamun HOSSAIN Ruhul AMIN Fatima Z.METE Tjisse HIEMSTRA Department of Agronomy Patuakhali Science and Technology University Department of Agricultural Chemistry Patuakhali Science and Technology University Department of Agricultural Engineering Patuakhali Science and Technology University Globe Soft Drinks Ltd. Department of Soil Quality Wageningen University

Biochar has potentials for soil fertility improvement, climate change mitigation and environmental reclamation, and charred biomass can be deliberately incorporated into soil for long-term carbon stabilization and soil amendment. Many different methods have been used for biochar production ranging from laboratory to industrial scales. However, in countryside of developing countries, biomass is generally used for cooking but not charred. Biochar production techniques at farmer scale have remained poorly developed. We developed and tested biochar production kilns for farmers with a dimension of 50.8 cm × 38.1 cm （height × diameter）, using three different setups for optimizing oxygen （02） limitation and syngas circulation： airtight with no syngas circulation （Model I）, semi-airtight with external syngas circulation （Model II） and semi-airtight with internal syngas circulation （Model III）. A comparative assessment of these biochar production kiln models was made considering biochar pyrolysis time, fuel to biomass ratio, biochar to feedstock ratio and thermogravimetric index （TGI）. Among the models, the best quality biochar （TGI ---- 0.15） was obtained from Model I kiln taking the longest time for pyrolysis （12.5 h） and the highest amount of fuel wood （1.22 kg kg-1 biomass）. Model III kiln produced comparatively good quality biochar （TGI = 0.11）, but with less fuel wood requirement （0.33 kg kg-1 biomass） and shorter pyrolysis time （8.5 h）. We also tested Model III kiln in a three times larger size under two situations （steel kiln and pit kiln）. The biochar to feedstock ratio （0.38） and quality （TGI =0.14） increased slightly for the larger kilns. Quality of biochar was found to be mainly related to pyrolysis time. The costs for the biochar stove and pit kiln were US$ 65-77, while it was US$ 154 for the large size steel kiln. Model III kiln can potentially be used for both cooking and biochar production at farmer scale.

关键词： biomass farmer scale feedstock fuel wood requirement O2 limitation pyrolysis time syngas circulation thermogravi- metric index

Detection of QTL(quantitative trait loci) associated with wood density by evaluating genetic structure and linkage disequilibrium of teak

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第6期30卷 2247-2258页

作者： Vivek Vaishnav shamim Akhtar Ansari Institute of Forest Productivity

To find the quantitative trait loci associated with wood density in teak(Tectona grandis L.f.), 21 co-dominant markers including 13 site specific recombinase and 8 EST-based co-dominant markers designed from lignin biosynthesis genes were applied to 174 teak plus tree clones at the National Germplasm Bank, Chandrapur,India. The germplasm bank exhibited 10.6% coefficient of variation for wood densities with 84.5 ± 31.3 genetic polymorphism(%). The highly panmictic set of genotypes(FST= 0.035 ± 0.004) harbored 96.47 ± 0.40 genetic variability(%). The average allelic frequency of the 21 codominant markers was 0.65 ± 0.11 with 12.9% pairs of loci in significant LD(p\0.05, R^2 values [ 0.1), confirming their suitability for a strong marker-trait association study. The marker CCoAMT-1 was significantly(p\0.01) associated with wood density showing stability by both GLM and MLM models and explained 4.3% of the phenotypic effect. The marker from the EST representing CCoAMT can be further developed for gene-assisted selection of elite genotypes of teak with greater wood density. Therefore, we believe that the report will help accelerate the genetic improvement and advance the breeding program of the species.

关键词： Association mapping Expressed sequence tags(EST) General linear model(GLM) Linkage disequilibrium(LD) Lignin Mixed linear model(MLM) Principal co-ordinate analysis(PCoA)

Solving constrained portfolio optimization model using stochastic fractal search approach

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2023年第2期16卷 223-249页

作者： Mohammad Shahid Zubair Ashraf Mohd shamim Mohd shamim Ansari Department of Commerce Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarhIndia Department of Computer Science Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarhIndia

Purpose-Optimum utilization of investments has always been considered one of the most crucial aspects of capital *** into various securities is the subject of portfolio optimization intent to maximize return at minimum *** this series,a population-based evolutionary approach,stochastic fractal search(SFS),is derived from the natural growth *** study aims to develop portfolio selection model using SFS approach to construct an efficient portfolio by optimizing the Sharpe ratio with risk budgeting ***/methodology/approach-This paper proposes a constrained portfolio optimization model using the SFS approach with risk-budgeting *** is an evolutionary method inspired by the natural growth process which has been modeled using the fractal *** analysis has been conducted to determine the effectiveness of the proposed model by making comparisons with state-of-the-art from domain such as genetic algorithm,particle swarm optimization,simulated annealing and differential *** real datasets of the Indian stock exchanges and datasets of global stock exchanges such as Nikkei 225,DAX 100,FTSE 100,Hang Seng31 and S&P 100 have been taken in the ***-The study confirms the better performance of the SFS model among its ***,statistical analysis has been done using SPSS 20 to confirm the hypothesis developed in the experimental ***/value-In the recent past,researchers have already proposed a significant number of models to solve portfolio selection problems using the meta-heuristic ***,this is the first attempt to apply the SFS optimization approach to the problem.

关键词： Portfolio optimization Risk-budgeting constraint Sharpe ratio Evolutionary algorithm Stochastic fractal search

Genesis of tuff interval and its uranium enrichment in Upper Triassic of Ordos Basin, NW China

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Acta Geochimica 2018年第1期37卷 32-46页

作者： shamim Akhtar Nosheen Sahir Xiaoyong Yang CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Geology University of the Azad Jammu &KashmirCity Campus School of Engineering and Technology Asian Institute of Technology

Recently measured high gamma ray values in the Yanchang Formation of the Upper Triassic in the Ordos Basin have added an interesting and controversial twist to the study of the formation’s uranium enrichment and *** uranium and thorium contents in the tuffaceous layer cause high gamma ray values in the Yanchang *** studies,major elements,rare earth elements(REEs),and trace elements have been systematically analyzed to determine the composition,geochemical environment,and diagenetic processes of the *** observed color of the tuffaceous layer in the study area varies from yellow to yellowish *** tuff consists of matrix supported with sub-rounded to sub-angular lithic *** lithic fragments probably derived from pre-existing rocks and incorporated into the tuffaceous layer during volcanic ***,plagioclase,and biotite were observed in well to poorly sorted form,in addition to framboidal pyrite and organic *** ratios of SiO_2/al_2O_3 ranged from 3.277 to 6.105 with an average of *** ratio of TiO_2/al_2O_3 varied from 0.037 to 0.201 with an average of 0.061,indicating that the sediments of the tuffaceous layer originated from an intermediate *** distribution patterns show sharp negative Eu anomalies,indicating a reducing environment,which is suitable for uranium deposition.A reducing environment was confirmed by black shale in the base of the Yanchang *** black shale has high organic matter content that can take kerogene from mudstone and provide a reducing environment for uranium enrichment in the tuffaceous ***,negative Eu anomalies and the REE patterns indicate a subduction-related volcanic arc environment as the magma source of the tuffaceous *** values of Rb,Ba,and Sr might be the result of fluid phase activities;low values of Hf and Eu indicate the involvement of crustal material during diagenesis of the *** diagrams(Th/Yb vs Ta/Yb,Th/H

关键词： Tuffaceous layer Gamma ray values Uranium enrichment Yanchang Formation Ordos Basin

Fully inkjet-printed microwave passive electronics

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2017年第1期3卷 423-429页

作者： Garret McKerricher Mohammad Vaseem Atif shamim King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST) IMPACT LabComputerElectrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering(CEMSE)DivisionThuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia

Fully inkjet-printed three-dimensional(3D)objects with integrated metal provide exciting possibilities for on-demand fabrication of radio frequency electronics such as inductors,capacitors,and *** date,there have been several reports of printed radio frequency components metallized via the use of plating solutions,sputtering,and low-conductivity *** metallization techniques require rather complex fabrication,and do not provide an easily integrated or versatile *** work utilizes a novel silver ink cured with a low-cost infrared lamp at only 80℃,and achieves a high conductivity of 1×10^(7) S m^(−1).By inkjet printing the infrared-cured silver together with a commercial 3D inkjet ultraviolet-cured acrylic dielectric,a multilayer process is *** using a smoothing technique,both the conductive ink and dielectric provide surface roughness values of ality factors of 8 and 20,respectively,and match well with electromagnetic *** components are implemented in a lumped element radio frequency filter with an impressive insertion loss of 0.8 dB at 1 GHz,proving the utility of the process for sensitive radio frequency applications.

关键词： capacitor filter inductor inkjet printing multi-jet radio frequency silver

Biochemical investigations during in vitro adventitious shoot regeneration in leaflet explants from nodal segments of a mature albizia procera tree

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第3期27卷 699-705页

作者： Ekta Rai Sulochna Bouddha shamim Akhtar Ansari Genetics and Plant Propagation Division Tropical Forest Research Institute Jabalpur 482021 India Institute of Forest Productivity Lalgutwa Ranchi 835303India

The in vitro adventitious shoot differentiation in leaflet explants of an adult tree differed from that of leaflet explants of seedlings of albizia procera（Roxb.）Benth. reported previously elsewhere. The leaflet explants from an adult tree passed through an initial callus phase for30 days on MS medium supplemented with 3 % sucrose,2.5 l M 2,4-D followed by a subsequent adventitious shoot differentiation phase for another 30 days on half MS medium supplemented with 0.25 l M each of BA and *** regeneration rate of in vitro adventitious shoots in explants from the adult tree, i.e.1.66 shoots/callus, was lower than that from seedlings, i.e. [10 shoots/callus,which was reported elsewhere. Correspondingly, the activities of nitrate reductase and peroxidase, and endogenous phenol content remained very low during in vitro adventitious shoot differentiation in leaflet explants of an adult tree possibly due to lower availability of competent stem（juvenile） cells for the process.

关键词： Adventitious shoot differentiation Nitratereductase activity Peroxidase activity Phenol Solublesugar

Flexible and reconfigurable radio frequency electronics realized by high-throughput screen printing of vanadium dioxide switches

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 369-380页

作者： Weiwei Li Mohammad Vaseem Shuai Yang Atif shamim IMPACT Lab ComputerElectrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering(CEMSE)DivisiornKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Smart materials that can change their properties based on an applied stimulus are in high demand due to their suitability for reconfigurable electronics,such as tunable filters or *** particular,materials that undergo a metal–insulator transition(MIT),for example,vanadium dioxide(VO 2)(M),are highly attractive due to their tunable electrical and optical properties at a low transition temperature of 68°*** deposition of this material on a limited scale has been demonstrated through vacuum-based fabrication methods,its scalable application for large-area and high-volume processes is still *** printing can be a viable option because of its high-throughput fabrication process on flexible *** this work,we synthesize high-purity VO 2(M)microparticles and develop a screen-printable VO 2 ink,enabling the large-area and high-resolution printing of VO 2 switches on various *** electrical properties of screen-printed VO 2 switches at the microscale are thoroughly investigated under both thermal and electrical stimuli,and the switches exhibit a low ON resistance of 1.8 ohms and an ON/OFF ratio of more than *** electrical performance of the printed switches does not degrade even after multiple bending cycles and for bending radii as small as *** a proof of concept,a fully printed and mechanically flexible band-pass filter is demonstrated that utilizes these printed switches as reconfigurable *** on the ON and OFF conditions of the VO 2 switches,the filter can reconfigure its operating frequency from 3.95 to 3.77 GHz without any degradation in performance during bending.

关键词： dioxide vanadium bending