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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020年第9期10卷 1340-1350页

作者： Ahmed Alanwar marwan m. Gamal Ain shams maternity Hospital Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt

Objective: To assess the efficacy of intravenous tranexamic acid and ethamsylate in reducing blood loss during and after elective lower segment cesarean delivery in patients at high risk for postpartum hemorrhage. Methods: A double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled study was undertaken of women undergoing elective lower-segment cesarean delivery of a full-term pregnancy at high risk for postpartum hemorrhage at Ain Sham University Maternity Hospital in Cairo, Egypt, between January 2019 and October 2019. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) using computer-generated random numbers to receive either 1 g tranexamic acid and 1 gm ethamsylate or 5% glucose (placebo) just after delivery of the fetus. Prophylactic oxytocin was administered to all women. Preoperative and postoperative complete blood count, hematocrit values, and maternal weight were used to calculate the estimated blood loss (EBL) during the cesarean, which was the primary outcome. Results: Analyses included 32 women in each group. Our results showed that tranexamic acid and ethamsylate significantly reduced bleeding during and after cesarean delivery. The study group’s total blood loss (149.22 ± 54.74 ml) was significantly less than the control group (353.75 ± 115.56 ml) (p the mily:Verdana;">control group (p < 0.001);Reduction in h

关键词： Blood Loss Postpartum Hemorrhage Elective Cesarean Delivery Tranexam-ic Acid Ethamsylate

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产品导向的先进封装设计(英文)

电子工业专用设备 2006年第5期35卷 41-45页

作者：沈文龙符会利梁立慧陈有志林志荣仲镇华先进封装卓越设计中心香港应用科技研究院香港科学院

在日益激烈竞争的电子工业中,高成本效益、高可靠性的电子封装方案不单是电子产品发展的主要驱动力,甚至往往成为当中的促成科技(EnablingTechnology),用于轻巧、细小的无线电/可携带式消费性电子产品中尤见适合。其中更理想的性能效益(... 详细信息

在日益激烈竞争的电子工业中,高成本效益、高可靠性的电子封装方案不单是电子产品发展的主要驱动力,甚至往往成为当中的促成科技(EnablingTechnology),用于轻巧、细小的无线电/可携带式消费性电子产品中尤见适合。其中更理想的性能效益(cost/performanceratio)、更短的产品开发周期、集多功能于一身的消费性电子产品亦是崭新科技应用的主要原动力。要达到以上目标,相关的微电子封装方案与焊接技术的进步是不可或缺的:例如从金属线焊接技术发展到倒装芯片技术,及至近年的晶圆级封装技术;从外围焊接(peripheral)发展到数组焊接(area-array);从陶制基版发展到有机基版;从单芯片封装发展到复芯片封装的构装方案等。事实上,系统级封装比一般的封装方案拥有一定的优势。在报告中首先概述最近在系统级封装的发展情况与应用。另外,借此报告突显出跟供应链有关产业之间的密切协调是达到有效而迅速地执行系统级封装的关键。最后,在报告中进一步详述一个集顶尖封装设计、分析及可靠性评估技术的服务中心的好处,及如何对工业界从事原型设计发展到大量生产的协助。

关键词：系统级封装封装设计分析及可靠性评估

Experimental nerve transfer model in the neonatal rat

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 1088-1095页

作者： matthias E.Sporer martin Aman Konstantin D.Bergmeister Dieter Depisch Katharina m.Scheuba Ewald Unger Bruno K.Podesser Oskar C.Aszmann Christian Doppler Laboratory for the Restoration of Extremity Function Department of SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction Department of SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria Division of Biomedical Research Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Aesthetic and Reconstructive SurgeryUniversity Hospital of St.PoeltenKarl Landsteiner University of Health SciencesSt.PoeltenAustria Center for medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria

Clinically,peripheral nerve reconstructions in neonates are most frequently applied in brachial plexus birth *** surgical concepts,however,have investigated nerve reconstructions in adult animal *** immature neuromuscular system reacts differently to the effects of nerve lesion and surgery and is poorly investigated due to the lack of reliable experimental ***,we describe an experimental forelimb model in the neonatal rat,to study these effects on both the peripheral and central nervous *** 24 hours after birth,three groups were prepared:In the nerve transfer group,a lesion of the musculocutaneous nerve was reconstructed by selectively transferring the ulnar *** the negative control group,the musculocutaneous nerve was divided and not reconstructed and in the positive control group,a sham surgery was *** animal's ability to adapt to nerve lesions and progressive improvement over time were depict by the Bertelli test,which observes the development of *** weeks postoperatively,animals were fully matured and the nerve transfer successfully reinnervated their target muscles,which was indicated by muscle force,muscle weight,and cross sectional area *** the contrary,no spontaneous regeneration was found in the negative control *** the positive control group,reference values were *** labeling indicated that the motoneuron pool of the ulnar nerve was reduced following nerve *** to this post-axotomy motoneuron death,a diminished amount of motoneurons reinnervated the biceps muscle in the nerve transfer group,when compared to the native motoneuron pool of the musculocutaneous *** findings indicate that the immature neuromuscular system behaves profoundly different than similar lesions in adult rats and explains reduced muscle ***,pathophysiologic adaptations are *** maturing neuromuscular system,however,utilizes neonatal capacity of regener

关键词： brachial plexus birth injury experimental rat model extremity reconstruction methodological paper neonatal rat nerve reconstruction nerve regeneration nerve transfer neural plasticity peripheral nerve surgery

Expression of renal Oat5 and NaDC1 transporters in rats with acute biliary obstruction

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第29期21卷 8817-8825页

作者： Anabel Brandoni Adriana mónica Torres Pharmacology Department of Physiological Sciences Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences National University of Rosario

AIm: To examine renal expression of organic anion transporter 5(Oat5) and sodium-dicarboxylate cotransporter 1(Na DC1), and excretion of citrate in rats with acute extrahepatic ***: Obstructive jaundice was induced in rats by double ligation and division of the common bile duct(BDL group). Controls underwent sham operation that consisted of exposure, but not ligation, of the common bile duct(sham group). Studies were performed 21 h after surgery. During this period, animals were maintained in metabolic cages in order to collect urine. The urinary volume was determined by gravimetry. The day of the experiment, blood samples were withdrawn and used to measure total and direct bilirubin as indicative parameters of hepatic function. Serum and urine samples were used for biochemical determinations. Immunoblotting for Oat5 and Na DC1 were performed in renal homogenates and brush border membranes from sham and BDL rats. Immunohistochemistry studies were performed in kidneys from both experimental groups. Total RNA was extracted from rat renal tissue in order to perform reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Another set of experimental animals were used toevaluate medullar renal blood flow(m RBF) using fluorescent ***: Total and direct bilirubin levels were significantly higher in BDL animals, attesting to the adequacy of biliary obstruction. An important increase in m RBF was determined in BDL group(sham: 0.53 ± 0.12 m L/min per 100 g body weight vs BDL: 1.58 ± 0.24 m L/min per 100 g body weight, P me was observed in BDL animals. An important decrease in urinary levels of citrate was seen in BDL group. Besides, a decrease in urinary citrate excretion(sham: 0.53 ± 0.11 g/g creatinine vs BDL: 0.07 ± 0.02 g/g creatinine, P sham: 0.082 ± 0.03 μmol/g creatinine vs BDL: 0.21 ± 0.04 μmol/g creatinine, P mals. We foun

关键词： Cholestasis Kidney Transporters Organicanions

Role of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in the management of Post-Stroke Depression

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Neuroscience & medicine 2020年第1期11卷 1-11页

作者： T. Alloush E. Fayez I. Abd-Allah Al-Azab m. Bouls m. Hamdy Neurology and Psychiatry Department Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Physical Therapy Department for Neuromuscular Disorder and Its Surgery Faculty of Physical Therapy Cairo University Cairo Egypt

Study Objectives: Stroke is a major neurological disease significantly threatening the human health and life with a high morbidity, disability, and mortality. Post-stroke depression (PSD) is one of the common complications of stroke. PSD has been a major factor hindering the recovery of neurological functions and daily activities in stroke patients and is closely related to the social avoidance and increased mortality of stroke patients. Although antidepressant drug treatment has improved during the last decades, symptoms in about 20% of the patients are not in remission two years after initiation of pharmacological intervention. Nowadays, non-invasive brain stimulation;techniques;transcranial direct current stimulation (tCDS) has gained an important interest in the treatment of many neuropsychiatric disorders which might be of some help in treatment of PSD. The goal of the current study is to evaluate the beneficial short term role of tDCS on post-stroke depression. Study Design: This was a randomized double blind placebo-controlled clinical trial included forty hemiparetic patients with post-stroke depression from outpatient clinic of Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, in the period between June 2018 to June 2019. All patients diagnosed as having a PSD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical manual of mental Disorders (DSm-5). Depression was evaluated by Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAm-D) pre and post treatment and quality of life was evaluated by the Stroke Specific Quality Of Life scale (SS-QOL). Patients were assigned randomly into two groups: the study group A and the control group B. Both groups received antidepressant medication in addition to physical therapy program. Group A received tCDS for 30 minutes, three times per week for one month, while the group B received sham transcranial direct current stimulation. Results: Active tDCS was significantly superior to sham with significant improvement in depression and Stroke Specific Qualit

关键词： Post-Stroke Depression Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Diagnostic and Statistical manual of mental Disorders

Influence of supraphysiological cortisol manipulation on predator avoidance behaviors and physiological responses to a predation threat in a wild marine teleost fish

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第2期13卷 206-218页

作者： michael J.LAWRENCE Erika J.ELIASON Jacob W.BROWNSCOmBE Kathleen m.GILmOUR John W.mANDELmAN Lee F.G.GUTOWSKY Steven J.COOKE Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory Department of BiologyCarleton UniversityOttawaOntarioCanada Department of Ecology Evolution&Marine BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCaliforniaUSA Department of Biology University of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada School for the Environment University of New EnglandBiddefordMaineUSA John H.Prescott marine Laboratory New England AquariumBostonMassachusettsUSA

The stress axis in teleost fish attempts to maintain internal homeostasis in the face of allostatic ***,stress axis induction has been associated with a higher predation rate in *** date,the physiological and behavioral factors associated with this outcome are poorly *** purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of experimental cortisol elevation on anti-predator behavior and physiological responses to predator *** hypothesized that semi-chronic cortisol elevation would increase susceptibility to predation by increasing stress-induced risk-taking *** test this hypothesis,schoolmaster snapper were given cocoa butter implants without cortisol(sham)or with cortisol(50 mg/kg body weight)and tethered to *** were exposed to either a lemon shark or control conditions for *** use and activity were recorded throughout and fish were terminally sampled for *** implantation,relative to shams,resulted in higher blood glucose and plasma cortisol concentrations with a lower plasma lactate *** exposure,relative to controls,elicited higher blood glucose and lactate concentrations but had no effect on plasma cortisol *** interactions were detected between shark exposure and cortisol treatment for any physiological *** metrics,including shelter use and activity,were unaffected by either cortisol implantation or shark *** responses to cortisol implantation likely resulted from enhanced gluconeogenic activity,whereas alterations under predator exposure may have been the product of catecholamine *** work should address context-specific influences of stress in mediating behavioral responses to predation.

关键词： homeostatic overload lemon shark predation refuging stress axis teleost physiology

Evaluation of spermatogenesis and fertility in F1 male rats after in utero and neonatal exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2005年第2期7卷 189-194,页

作者： m.K.Chung S.J.Lee Y.B.Kim S.C.Park D.H.Shin S.H.Kim J.C.Kim Reproductive Toxicology Division Korea Institute of ToxicologyKorea Research Institute of Chemical TechnologyDaejeon 305-600Korea College of Veterinary medicine Chungbuk National UniversityCheongju 361-763Korea College of Veterinary medicine Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 702-701Korea College of Veterinary medicine Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 500-757Korea

Aim:To determine whether in utero and neonatal exposure to a 60 Hz extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (EmF) results in spermatotoxicity and reproductive dysfunction in the F1 offspring of ***:Age-matched, pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed continuously (21 h/day) to a 60 Hz EmF at field strengths of 0 (sham control),5,83.3 or 500 μT from day 6 of gestation through to day 21 of *** experimentally generated magnetic field was monitored continuously (uninterrupted monitoring over the period of the study) throughout the ***:No exposure-related changes were found in exposed or sham-exposed animals with respect to the anogenital distance,preputial separation,testis weight,testicular histology,sperm count,daily sperm production, sperm motility,sperm morphology and reproductive capacity of F1 ***:Exposure of Sprague- Dawley rats to a 60 Hz EmF at field strengths of up to 500 μT from day 6 of gestation to day 21 of lactation did not produce any detectable alterations in offspring spermatogenesis and fertility.

关键词： spermatogenesis electromagnetic fields prenatal exposure postnatal exposure rat

乙肝病毒表面抗原大蛋白与HBV复制状况的相关分析

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中国卫生检验杂志 2008年第11期18卷 2434-2435页

作者：单平囡卢志勇宣国红谈素红陈海潮茹金城浙江省绍兴第四医院浙江绍兴312030

目的:通过检测慢性乙肝(chronic hepatitis B,CHB)患者血清中乙肝病毒表面抗原大蛋白(large surface protein,LHBs)、HBV DNA以及乙肝病毒标志物(HBsAg/HBsAb、HBeAg/HBeAb、HBcAb,简称HBV-m)模式测定,探讨LHBs与HBV DNA及HBV-m模式间的关系,研究LHBs反应HBV复制情况的可靠性,揭示HBeAg阴性乙肝患者检测LHBs的临床意义。方法:采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对LHBs和乙型肝炎抗原抗体五项进行检测;采用荧光定量PCR方法对HBV DNA进行检测。结果:534份乙肝患者HBV DNA、LHBs、乙型肝炎抗原抗体五项的检测结果显示:LHBs阳性与HBeAg阴性间测定结果差异有统计学意义(P=0.001,χ2=10.847),不同HBV-m模式的HBV DNA与LHBs检出结果差异有统计学意义(P<0.001,χ2=37.8761)。结论:LHBs是从蛋白水平反应HBV感染者体内病毒复制程度的可靠指标,血清中的LHBs与HBVDNA具有较好的相关性,尤其是HBeAg阴性患者LHBs检测可作为体内病毒复制及预后判断的良好血清学指标。

关键词：慢性乙肝病毒乙肝病毒表面抗原大蛋白

Renin-angiotensin system blockade: Effect on renal mRNA expression in 5/6 nephrectomized rats

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Health 2013年第4期5卷 9-15页

作者： Erika Yadira Cruz-Laguna Ana ma. Gámez-méndez Hilda Vargas-Robles Amelia Ríos Alfonso méndez-Tenorio Bruno Escalante CINVESTAV Unidad monterrey Apodaca México Departamento de Biomedicina CINVESTAV Unidad Zacatenco México City México Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Bioinformática Genómica Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (IPN) México City México

The aim of this study was to determinate the gene expression levels of angiotensinogen, angiotensin converting enzyme, renin, (pro)renin receptor, and the final rennin-angiotensin system (RAS) products Angiotensin (Ang) II and Ang 1-7 inthe remnant kidney of 5/6 nephrectomized rats and its response to RAS pharmacological blockade. male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: sham operated (SO), 5/6 nephrectomized (NFX), NFX + captopril (50 mg/ kg/day), NFX + losartan (10 mg/kg/day), and NFX + aliskiren (10 mg/kg/day). Animals were followed up for 60 days and protein urine excretion was measured. Systolic blood pressure, renal tissue RAS mRNA expression levels, plasma Ang II, and plasma Ang 1-7 were evaluated at day 60 after nephrectomy. Blood pressure and urine protein were increased after 5/6 nephrectomy. Ang II levels were increased 9.4 fold, whereas Ang 1-7 decreased 72.9% in NFX animals compared with SO rats. 5/6 nephrectomy increased renal angiotensinogen and (pro)renin receptor mRNA expression but down-regulated renin mRNA expression. RAS blockade restored the systolic blood pressure to normal values and slowed down urinary protein excretion, and also prevented changes in Ang II and Ang 1-7. RAS blockade reduced (pro)renin receptor, ACE, and AGT mRNA expression in the remnant kidney. However, renin mRNA expression increased compared with NFX rats. In conclusion these results suggest that inhibition of Ang II synthesis by RAS blockade is associated with renal regulation of RAS mRNA expression and this may be through a mechanism related with the Ang II/Ang 1-7 balance.

关键词： Angiotensin II Angiotensin 1-7 ACE RAS Blockade

Pain inhibition through transplantation of fetal neuronal progenitors into the injured spinal cord in rats

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第11期14卷 2011-2019页

作者： Chary m. Batista Eric D. mariano Camila S. Dale Alexandre F. Cristante Luiz R. Britto Jose P. Otoch manoel J. Teixeira matthias morgalla Guilherme Lepski Department of Neurology School of MedicineUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Department of Anatomy Institute of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology School of MedicineUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Department of Physiology and Biophysics Institute of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Department of Surgery School of MedicineUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Department of Neurosurgery Eberhard-Karls UniversityTuebingenGermany Department of Psychiatry School of MedicineUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil

Neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury(SCI) is a complex condition that responds poorly to usual treatments. Cell transplantation represents a promising therapy;nevertheless, the ideal cell type in terms of neurogenic potential and effectiveness against pain remains largely controversial. Here, we evaluated the ability of fetal neural stem cells(fNSC) to relieve chronic pain and, secondarily, their effects on motor recovery. Adult Wistar rats with traumatic SCI were treated, 10 days after injury, with intra-spinal injections of culture medium(sham) or fNSCs extracted from telencephalic vesicles(TV group) or the ventral medulla(Vm group) of E/14 embryos. Sensory(von Frey filaments and hot plate) and motor(the Basso, Beattie,Bresnahan locomotor rating scale and inclined plane test) assessments were performed during 8 weeks. Thereafter, spinal cords were processed for immunofluorescence and transplanted cells were quantified by stereology. The results showed improvement of thermal hyperalgesia in the TV and Vm groups at 4 and 5 weeks after transplantation, respectively. moreover, mechanical allodynia improved in both the TV and Vm groups at 8 weeks. No significant motor recovery was observed in the TV or Vm groups compared with sham. Stereological analyses showed that ~70% of TV and Vm cells differentiated into NeuN+ neurons,with a high proportion of enkephalinergic and GABAergic cells in the TV group and enkephalinergic and serotoninergic cells in the Vm group. Our study suggests that neuronal precursors from TV and Vm, once implanted into the injured spinal cord, maturate into different neuronal subtypes, mainly GABAergic, serotoninergic, and enkephalinergic, and all subtypes alleviate pain, despite no significant motor recovery. The study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the medical School of the University of S?o Paulo(protocol number 033/14) on march 4, 2016.

关键词： spinal cord injuries chronic pain neural stem cells cell transplantation neuronal differentiation GABAergic neuron serotoninergic neuron enkephalinergic neuron