检索结果-南通市图书馆

Non-thermal laser driven plasma-blocks for proton boron avalanche fusion as direct drive option

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2017年第4期2卷 177-189页

作者： Heinrich Hora shalom eliezer Noaz Nissim Paraskevas Lalousis Department of Theoretical Physics University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia Soreq Research Center YavneIsrael Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser FORTH HeraklionGreece

Fusion energy from protons reacting with ^(11) B,HB11,is extremely difficult or impossible when using thermal ignition by laser *** changes radically when using picosecond laser pulses with powers above petawatts dominated by nonlinear force driven ultrahigh ac-celeration of plasma blocks for a non-thermal initiation of igniting solid density HB11 *** a cylindrical trapping of the reaction,laser produced ultrahigh magnetic fields above kiloTesla,have to be *** experimentally confirmed highly increased HB11 fusion gains due to avalanche reaction may lead to a scheme of an environmentally clean and economic power reactor.

关键词： Boron laser fusion Plasma-block ignition ultrahigh acceleration Kilotesla field trapping Avalanche reaction Power reactor

Ultrafast ignition with relativistic shock waves induced by high power lasers

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2014年第3期2卷 62-71页

作者： shalom eliezer Noaz Nissim Shirly Vinikman Pinhasi Erez Raicher José Maria Martinez Val Nuclear Fusion Institute Polytechnic University of MadridMadridSpain Applied Physics Division Soreq NRCYavneIsrael Hebrew University of Jerusalem JerusalemIsrael

In this paper we consider laser intensities greater than 1016 W cm-2where the ablation pressure is negligible in comparison with the radiation *** radiation pressure is caused by the ponderomotive force acting mainly on the electrons that are separated from the ions to create a double layer(DL).This DL is accelerated into the target,like a piston that pushes the matter in such a way that a shock wave is *** we discuss two novel ***,the transition domain between the relativistic and non-relativistic laser-induced shock *** solution is based on relativistic hydrodynamics also for the above transition *** relativistic shock wave parameters,such as compression,pressure,shock wave and particle flow velocities,sound velocity and rarefaction wave velocity in the compressed target,and temperature are ***,we would like to use this transition domain for shockwave-induced ultrafast ignition of a pre-compressed *** laser parameters for these purposes are calculated and the main advantages of this scheme are *** this scheme is successful a new source of energy in large quantities may become feasible.

关键词： relativistic hydrodynamics shock waves laser plasma nuclear fusion fast ignition

An emerging terpolymeric nanoparticle pore former as an internal recrystallization inhibitor of celecoxib in controlled release amorphous solid dispersion beads:Experimental studies and molecular dynamics analysis

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第6期14卷 2669-2684页

作者： Jamie Anne Lugtu-Pe Xuning Zhang Sako Mirzaie Hao Han R.Chang Nour AL-Mousawi Kuan Chen Yongqiang Li Anil Kane Daniel Bar-shalom Xiao Yu Wu Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory Leslie Dan Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of TorontoToronto M5S 3M2Canada Candoo Pharmatech Company Inc. Mississauga L5N 5M1Canada Department of Pharmacy University of CopenhagenCopenhagen DK-2100Denmark Patheon by Thermo Fisher Scientific Toronto Region Operations(TRO)Mississauga L5N 3X4Canada

Solid oral controlled release formulations feature numerous clinical advantages for drug candidates with adequate solubility and dissolution ***,most new chemical entities exhibit poor water solubility,and hence are exempt from such *** combining drug amorphization with controlled release formulation is promising to elevate drug solubility,like other supersaturating systems,the problem of drug recrystallization has yet to be resolved,particularly within the dosage ***,we explored the potential of an emerging,non-leachable terpolymer nanoparticle(TPN)pore former as an internal recrystallization inhibitor within controlled release amorphous solid dispersion(CRASD)beads comprising a poorly soluble drug(celecoxib)reservoir and insoluble polymer(ethylcellulose)*** to conventional pore former,polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP),TPN-containing membranes exhibited superior structural integrity,less crystal formation at the CRASD bead surface,and greater extent of celecoxib ***-atom molecular dynamics analyses revealed that in the presence of TPN,intra-molecular bonding,crystal formation tendency,diffusion coefficient,and molecular flexibility of celecoxib were reduced,while intermolecular H-bonding was increased as compared to *** work suggests that selection of a pore former that promotes prolonged molecular separation within a nanoporous controlled release membrane structure may serve as an effective strategy to enhance amorphicity preservation inside CRASD.

关键词： Controlled release amorphous solid dispersion Poorly soluble drug Internal recrystallization Membrane-reservoir coated beads Molecular dynamics simulation Effect of pore formers Terpolymer nanogel Drug-polymer interactions

Comparative Efficacy of Lifestyle Modifications versus Pharmacotherapy on Weight Loss and Metabolic Health Outcomes: A Comprehensive Review

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第7期12卷 17-29页

作者： Abiodun Omolara Aboaba Miracle Chinonso Okoro Okelue Edwards Okobi Ifeoluwa Mary Falade Omosefe Enibokun Ogbeifun shalom Katas Kingsley Agbodike Uvieroghene Peter Ogbebor Moriamo Adedoyin Fashugba School of Medicine Avalon University Willemstad Curaao College of Medicine Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Department of Family Medicine Larkin Community Hospital Palm Spring Campus Miami FL USA Department of Medicine Mersey and West Lancashire Teaching Hospitals Rainhill UK Department of Family Medicine University of Alabama Birmingham AL USA College of Medicine International University of the Health Sciences (IUHS) Basseterre Saint Kitts and Nevis Department of Internal Medicine Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Department of Family Medicine Madonna University Elele Nigeria Department of Internal Medicine University of Science Arts and Technology Olveston Montserrat

Background: Obesity has become a serious global public health challenge, given that it leads to various adverse health outcomes that include cardiovascular illnesses, diabetes, and certain types of cancer. The World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that, at the end of 2022, 1 out of every 8 individuals were obese, and that the global adult obesity rates have over doubled since 1990, even as the adolescent obesity rates have quadrupled. Thus, as of 2022, nearly 2.5 billion adults, aged 18 years and above, were overweight, with 890 million being obese. Obesity and overweight incidence rate has been gradually increasing over the years, presenting significant challenges to the healthcare systems throughout the globe. In this regard, the objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of lifestyle modifications (diet and physical activity) and pharmacotherapy in promoting weight loss and improving metabolic health in overweight adults. Methodology: To attain the above stated study objective, a systematic evaluation of previous studies was carried out, particularly studies that assessed the effectiveness and safety of lifestyle modifications (diet and physical activity) and pharmacotherapy in promoting weight loss and improving metabolic health in overweight adults. The authors have used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) in the selection of eligible studies for inclusion in the study. Results: The findings indicate that lifestyle interventions resulted in 5% - 10% weight reduction and significant improvements in metabolic indicators, while pharmacotherapy (GLP-1 receptor agonists) achieved up to 15% weight reduction and considerable metabolic health benefits. Further, comparative studies show lifestyle modifications provide overall health benefits, while medication is necessary for non-responders. Conclusion: Individualized treatment strategies are crucial, and further research is needed

关键词： Obesity Overweight Weight Loss Pharmacotherapy Glucose Metabolism Disorders

Aromatic alcohols oxidation and hydrogen evolution over π-electron conjugated porous carbon nitride rods

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Nano Research 2022年第12期15卷 10148-10157页

作者： Jiawei Xia Neeta Karjule Gabriel Mark Michael Volokh Haiqun Chen Menny shalom Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation CenterChangzhou UniversityChangzhou213164China Department of Chemistry and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer-Sheva8410501Israel

Photocatalysis using polymeric carbon nitride(CN)materials is a constantly evolving field,where the variation of synthetic procedures allows the constant improvement of activity by tackling the intrinsic limitations of these materials(optical absorbance,specific surface area,charge migration,etc.).Amongst the possible photocatalytic reactions,the most popular application of CNs is the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)from *** this work,we design precisely-controlled carbon-doped porous CN rods with extended π-electron conjugation from supramolecular assemblies of melem and co-monomers,which partially substitute nitrogen for carbon atoms at the pyrimidine ring of the *** hydrogen bonds and good thermal stability of the melem-based supramolecular framework allow synthesizing a more ordered structure for improved charge migration;the control from the molecular level over the position of carbon-substituted nitrogen positions tailors the band alignment and photogenerated charge *** optimal photocatalyst shows an excellent HER rate(up to 10.16 mmol·h-1·g-1 under 100 W white light-emitting diode(LED)irradiation,with an apparent quantum efficiency of 20.0%at 405 nm,which is 23.2 times higher compared to a reference bulk CN).To fully harness the benefits of the developed metal-free CNs,selective oxidation reaction of aromatic alcohols is demonstrated with high conversion and selectivity.

关键词： supramolecular assembly π-electron conjugation carbon nitride photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction selective aromatic alcohol oxidation

Turned Trochoidal Disturbance on a Liquid Jet Surface

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2014年第4期27卷 846-852页

作者： SADIK shalom KIRZHNER Felix KRAMARENKO Denis Department of Mechanical Engineering ORT Braude College Division of Environmental Water and Agricultural Engineering Faculty of Civil and Environmental EngineeringTechnion-IIT Haifa 32000 Israel Biotechnology Engineering ORT Braude College

This paper shows that a turned trochoidal function disturbance may lead to peripheral drops production. The resulting model is used to describe that a turned trochoidal disturbance leads to peripheral drops production on the liquid jet surface without the necessity for superimposed disturbances. The trochoid is a non-unique parametric function. Only non-unique parametric functions disturbances may lead to peripheral drops production. The trochoidal function disturbance is decomposed to Fourier series. Every Fourier element receives an amplification factor in accordance to the Rayleigh inviscid jet model. Peripheral drops are received on the jet surface. The paper shows that all trochoidal disturbance functions, prolate cycloid, cycloid and curtate cycloid have a capability of peripheral drops producing. A limited capability of peripheral drops production is introduced for the trochoidal curtate cycloid. Produced drops size are reduced for increasing the jet velocity and wave number. Smaller drops are also received by transition from the prolate cycloid to curtate cycloid disturbance.

关键词： drops liquid jet trochoidal function

The promise of stem cell-based therapeutics in ophthalmology

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第2期12卷 173-180页

作者： Israel Aharony shalom Michowiz Nitza Goldenberg-Cohen The Krieger Eye Research Laboratory Felsenstein Medical Research CenterPetach TikvaIsraelSackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Department of Neurosurgery Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson HospitalPetach TikvaIsrael Department of Ophthalmology Bnai Zion Medical CenterHaifaIsrael

The promising role of cellular therapies in the preservation and restoration of visual function has prompted intensive efforts to characterize embryonic, adult, and induced pluripotent stem cells for regenerative purposes. Three main approaches to the use of stem cells have been described： sustained drug delivery, immunomodulation, and differentiation into various ocular structures. Studies of the differentiation capacity of all three types of stem cells into epithelial, neural, glial and vascular phenotypes have reached proof-of-concept in culture, but the correction of vision is still in the early developmental stages, and the requirements for effective in vivo implementation are still unclear. We present an overview of some of the preclinical findings on stem-cell rescue and regeneration of the cornea and retina in acute injury and degenerative disorders.

关键词： embryonic stem cells adult stem cells induced pluripotent stem cells cornea retina neuroprotection immunomodulation tissue recovery regeneration acute ocular injury degenerative retinal disorders

Catheters coated with Zn-doped CuO nanoparticles delay the onset of catheter-associated urinary tract infections

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Nano Research 2017年第2期10卷 520-533页

作者： Yakov shalom Ilana Perelshtein Nina Perkas Aharon Gedanken Ehud Banin The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan 52900 Israel The Department of Chemistry and Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan 52900 Israel

Catheter-associated urinary tract infections （CAUTIs） are among the most common bacterial infections associated with medical devices. In the current study, the synthesis, coating, antibiofilm properties, and biocompatibility of urinary catheters coated with Zn-doped CuO （Zn0.12Cu0.880） nanoparticles （NPs） were examined. The doped NPs were synthesized and subsequently deposited on the catheter by the sonochemical method. The coated catheters displayed high antibiofilm activity and promising biocompatibility, as indicated by low in vitro cytotoxicity, negligible associated cytokine secretion, and absence of detectable irritation. The biocompatibility and ability of the Zn-doped CuO coating to inhibit biofilm formation were also evaluated in vivo using a rabbit model. Rabbits catheterized with uncoated catheters scored positive for CAUTI by day 4 of the experiment. In contrast, rabbits catheterized with Zn-doped CuO-coated catheters did not exhibit CAUTI until day 7 or remained completely uninfected for the whole duration of the 7-day experiment. Furthermore, the in vivo biocompatibility assays and examinations supported the biosafety of Zn-doped CuO-coated catheters. Taken together, these data highlight the potential of Zn-doped CuO nanocomposite as effective antibiofilm compound.

关键词： antibiofilm urinary tract infection catheter nanoparticle coating metal oxide

不同振幅和频率的振荡温度作用下的双层圆柱壳模型（英文）

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

浙江大学学报（英文版）A辑：应用物理与工程 2017年第12期18卷 974-983页

作者： shalom SADIK Department of Mechanical Engineering Ort Braude CollegeKarmie1 21982Israel

目的:扩大对外表面温度波动约束下的圆柱壳内部温度分布的认识;建立模型并研究同时施加在内外表面的不同振幅和频率的温度波动约束对壳体内温度分布的影响。创新点:1.提出一个清晰的线性模型以获得在外表面施加不同频率和振幅的温度约... 详细信息

目的:扩大对外表面温度波动约束下的圆柱壳内部温度分布的认识;建立模型并研究同时施加在内外表面的不同振幅和频率的温度波动约束对壳体内温度分布的影响。创新点:1.提出一个清晰的线性模型以获得在外表面施加不同频率和振幅的温度约束时壳体的温度分布;2.此模型适用于解决导热能力介于理想导热和绝热之间的不同材料组成的任意层数圆柱壳体内的温度分布问题。方法:1.由热扩散方程和内外表面的边界条件来构建物理模型;2.使用复数和物理叠加以提高该模型的表现。结论:1.增加表面温度约束的波动频率会相应地减少温度渗透深度;因此,对于高频率工作并需要绝热的系统,可以节约材料厚度并绝热。2.并未发现同时反映热流的进和出的温度分布线。3.要构建这个物理模型,必须使用物理叠加。

关键词：振荡温度温度振幅热导率热扩散率