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Understanding arsenic behavior in alluvial aquifers:Evidence from sediment geochemistry,solute chemistry and environmental isotopes

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第5期15卷 222-238页

作者： shailesh Kumar Yadav AL.Ramanathan Chidambaram Sabarathinam Alok Kumar Manoj Kumar Anshula Dhiman School of Environmental Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew Delhi 110067India Water Research Center Kuwait Institute for Scientific ResearchKuwait Department of Environmental Studies University of Delhi110007India Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research MohaliSector 81140306India

The hydro-geochemistry and isotopic variations in groundwater,coupled with sediment geochemistry,were investigated in the Middle Gangetic Plain,India,to better understand the aquifer dynamics that influence the arsenic(As)evolution and ***-four groundwater samples,thirteen River water samples,and two sediment cores(33 mbgl)were *** samples were analyzed for major ions and trace metals,including As and stable isotopic variability(δ^(2)H,δ^(18)O,andδ^(13)C).The study area was categorized into older and younger alluvium based on existing geomorphological *** alluvium exhibits higher As enrichment in sediment and groundwater,ranging of 2.59–31.52 mg/kg and bdl to 0.62 mg/*** samples were thermodynamically more stable with As(OH)_(3)species ranging from 88.5%to 91.4%and FeOOH from 69%to 81%,*** and mineralogical analysis suggested goethite and siderite act as a source and sink for ***,statistical analysis suggested reductive dissolution as the primary mechanism for As mobilization in the study ***-temporal analysis revealed elevated concentrations of As in the central and northeastern regions of the study *** isotope(δ^(2)H andδ^(18)O)analysis inferred active recharge conditions primarily driven by *** depleted d-excess value and enrichedδ^(18)O in the groundwater of younger alluvium indicate the effect of groundwater recharge with significant evaporation *** recharge potentially decreased the quantity of arsenic in groundwater,whereas evaporation enrichment increased *** infiltration during recharge introduces oxygenated water into the aquifer,leading to changes in the redox conditions and facilitating biogeochemical *** carbon isotope(δ^(13)C)results suggest that high microbial activity in younger alluvium promotes As leaching from sediment into the groundwater.

关键词： Groundwater recharge Reductive dissolution Older alluvium Younger alluvium Ghazipur Stable isotope

Repeated pregnancy losses with multiple aneuploidies and major genomic imbalance:A case report

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2024年第3期13卷 143-146页

作者： shailesh Pande Shiny Babu Harshavardhan Gawde Neha Minde Genetic Research Center ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child HealthJehangir Merwanji StreetParelMumbai-400012India

Rationale:If one of the partners is having balanced autosomal translocation,it is usually observed that the offspring inherit either normal chromosomes,balanced translocation identical to one of the parent or unbalanced chromosomal rearrangements of the same parental chromosome having ***:A unique case presented with history of 8 miscarriages for genetic *** last abortus material evaluation showed monosomy of chromosome X(Turner syndrome)in all the analyzed *** was a history of infertility and also repeated second trimester abortions on the paternal *** the maternal side,there was a history of intellectual ***:History of repeated abnormal pregnancy ***’s karyotype is normal;however,husband shows translocation between chromosome 4 and ***:Peripheral blood sample around 3 mL was collected for *** biopsy was done and DNA was extracted and processed for whole exome ***:Wife’s karyotype is normal and husband has translocation between chromosome 4 and ***,the entire pregnancy outcome including embryo screening has different,complete or partial aneuploidies of chromosomes other than chromosome 4 and *** lesson:Though the translocation in one of the parent is balanced,we have to think beyond traditional ways for evaluating a couple with repeated pregnancy loss as we cannot predict the errors at cell *** of in vitro fertilization and preimplantation genetic diagnosis in couples having balanced translocations should be discussed so that early intervention can prevent the agony of pregnancy loss.

关键词： In vitro fertilization Karyotype Products of conception Preimplantation genetic testing PGT Recurrent pregnancy loss

A transient shift in equatorial hydrology and vegetation during the Eocene Thermal Maximum 2

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第5期15卷 174-181页

作者： Gaurav Srivastava Harshita Bhatia Poonam Verma Yogesh P.Singh shailesh Agrawal Torsten Utescher R.C.Mehrotra Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences 53 University RoadLucknow 226007India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002India Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt/M.Senckenberg Research Station of Quaternary PalaeontologyWeimerGermany Institute for Geosciences University of BonnNussallee 853115 BonnGermany

The equatorial evergreen forests nourish the world’s biodiversity hotspots and are considered the lungs of the ***,their future survival is uncertain,due to anthropogenically increased carbon emissions and changes in the hydrological *** the changes in the hydrological cycle in the equatorial region due to an increase in carbon emission is of prime *** early Paleogene hyperthermal events are potential analogs to understand the consequences of high carbon emission on the hydrological *** this communication,we quantify the terrestrial seasonal climate using the plant proxy and infer that during the Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 when atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration was>1000 ppmv near the palaeo-equator(~0.6°N),the rainfall decreased significantly,leading to the expansion of deciduous *** study raises important questions about the future survival of equatorial rainforests and biodiversity hotspots under increased carbon emissions.

关键词： Coexistence approach Climate ETM-2 Global warming Hyperthermal Paleogene

Rescue from complications after pancreaticoduodenectomies at a low-volume Caribbean center:Value of tailored peri-pancreatectomy protocols

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第3期16卷 681-688页

作者： Shamir O Cawich Elijah Dixon Parul J Shukla shailesh V Shrikhande Rahul R Deshpande Fawwaz Mohammed Neil W Pearce Wesley Francis Shaneeta Johnson Johann Bujhawan Department of Surgery University of the West IndiesSt Augustine 000000Trinidad and Tobago Department of Surgery Faculty of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlberta T2N2T9Canada Department of Surgery Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNY 10065United States Department of Surgical Oncology Tata Memorial CenterHomi Bhabha National UniversityMumbai 400012India Department of Surgery Manchester Royal InfirmaryManchester M139WLUnited Kingdom University Surgical Unit Southampton General HospitalSouthampton SO166YDUnited Kingdom Department of Surgery University of the West IndiesNassau N-1184Bahamas Department of Surgery Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGA 30310United States Department of Surgery General Hospital in Port of SpainPort of Spain 000000Trinidad and Tobago

BACKGROUND Pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD)is a technically complex operation,with a re-latively high risk for *** ability to rescue patients from post-PD complications is as a recognized quality *** protocols were instituted at our low volume facility in the year *** To document the rate of rescue from post-PD complications with tailored protocols in place as a measure of *** A retrospective audit was performed to collect data from patients who experienced major post-PD complications at a low volume pancreatic surgery unit in Trinidad and Tobago between January 1,2013 and June 30,***-dardized definitions from the International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery were used to define post-PD complications,and the modified Clavien-Dindo classification was used to classify post-PD *** Over the study period,113 patients at a mean age of 57.5 years(standard deviation[SD]±9.23;range:30-90;median:56)underwent PDs at this *** complications were recorded in 33(29.2%)patients at a mean age of 53.8 years(SD:±7.9).Twenty-nine(87.9%)patients who experienced major morbidity were salvaged after aggre-ssive treatment of their ***(3.5%)died from bleeding pseudoaneurysm(1),septic shock secondary to a bile leak(1),anastomotic leak(1),and myocardial infarction(1).There was a significantly greater salvage rate in patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists scores≤2(93.3%vs 25%;P=0.0024).CONCLUSION This paper adds to the growing body of evidence that volume alone should not be used as a marker of quality for patients requiring *** low volumes at our facility,we demonstrated that 87.9%of patients were rescued from major *** attributed this to several factors including development of rescue protocols,the competence of the pancreatic surgery teams and continuous,and adaptive learning by the entire institution,cul-minating in the development of tailored peri-pancreatectomy protoc

关键词： Pancreas Complication Rescue Failure Morbidity Mortality Pancreaticoduodenectomy

Coastal zone management in India-present status and future needs

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2017年第2期20卷 174-183页

作者： shailesh Nayak Earth System Science Organization New DelhiIndia

The coastal zone is a region where land,ocean and atmosphere interact and hence it is dynamic in *** has a long coastline which was not adequately monitored until the advent of the satellite remote sensing era in the *** has a very robust remote sensing program that the Indian Remote Sensing Satellite(IRS)series of satellites were effectively used to monitor coastal habitats,landforms,shoreline,water quality,etc.,and changes were identified during the last 40 *** classification system for coastal habitats and the classification and geometric accuracies of products were *** information for mangroves communities and characteristics of coral reefs were *** high and low tide lines were delineated seamlessly for the entire coastline using satellite *** these data were organized in a GIS and the coastal database for the entire country was *** of various hazards on such as cyclones,tsunami and sea level changes on coastal habitats were *** on topography,shoreline changes and tides,coastal multi-hazard vulnerability maps were characterized by employing the elevation data derived from satellite data and were prepared for the coastline of *** information on ocean color and sea surface temperature was used to generate potential fishery advisories,which are provided daily to *** coastal database was utilized effectively to identify coastal regulation zones,marine protected areas,vulnerable zones,*** services for tsunami,fishery and coral reef bleaching were generated for societal *** is planned to develop models for the coastal zone,so that impeding dangers and likely changes in the coastal zone can be predicted and suitable actions can be *** is necessary to integrate socio-economic data with the knowledge database of coastal zone to understand the impact of anthropogenic activities and the changing climate on the coastal zone.

关键词： Coastal zone india habitats processes water quality living resources coastal management

Emulsification of Indian heavy crude oil using a novel surfactant for pipeline transportation

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Petroleum Science 2017年第2期14卷 372-382页

作者： shailesh Kumar Vikas Mahto Department of Petroleum Engineering Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad Jharkhand India

The most economical way to overcome flow assurance problems associated with transportation of heavy crude oil through offshore pipelines is by emulsifying it with water in the presence of a suitable *** this research,a novel surfactant,tri-triethanolamine monosunflower ester,was synthesized in the laboratory by extracting fatty acids present in sunflower（Helianthus annuus）*** surfactant was used to prepare oil-in-water emulsions of a heavy crude oil from the western oil field of *** emulsification,a dramatic decrease in pour point as well as viscosity was *** the prepared emulsions were found to be flowing even at 1°*** emulsion developed with 60%oil content and 2wt%surfactant showed a decrease in viscosity of 96%.The stability of the emulsion was investigated at different temperatures,and it was found to be highly *** effectiveness of surfactant in emulsifying the heavy oil in water was investigated by measuring the equilibrium interfacial tension（IFT）between the crude oil（diluted）and the aqueous phase along with zeta potential of emulsions.2wt%surfactant decreased IFT by almost nine times that of no *** results suggested that the synthesized surfactant may be used to prepare a stable oil-in-water emulsion for its transportation through offshore pipelines efficiently.

关键词： Heavy crude oil Oil-in-water emulsion Pipeline transportation Sunflower oil Rheology Stability

Dynamic analysis and split range control for maximization of operating range of continuous microbial fuel cell

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第9期28卷 2368-2381页

作者： Ashish Yewale Ravi Methekar shailesh Agrawal Department of Chemical Engineering Visvesvaraya National Institute of TechnologySouth Ambazari RoadNagpur 440010India

Human development is inherently connected with availability of water and *** production requires water,whereas water treatment needs *** the other hand,microbial fuel cell has capability to produce energy and water simultaneously from waste water or organic *** this paper,first principle-based model of variable volume microbial fuel cell is *** retention time is selected as the manipulated variable using the study of steady state and dynamic *** PI and model predictive control strategies are developed for controlling the produced power from the cell,and its performance is tested for servo *** time for positive and negative set points is found to be 126 and 889 h in case of classical PI and 120 and 750 h in case of linear MPC,respectively along with large increase(three times order of magnitude)in working volume for negative set *** control challenges are overcome by using split range controller with variable and constant volume microbial fuel *** settling time for negative set point is found to be 49 and 21 h for classical PI and linear MPC schemes,respectively,which is significantly lower than using only variable volume microbial fuel ***,there is no increase in the working volume of the constant volume microbial fuel ***,operating range of the microbial fuel cell is enhanced using split range controller.

关键词： CMFC Modeling Variable Volume Split Range Controller

Soil quality assessment across different stands in tropical moist deciduous forests of Nagaland,India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第4期30卷 1479-1485页

作者： Gaurav Mishra Rossana Marzaioli Krishna Giri shailesh Pandey Rain Forest Research Institute JorhatAssamIndia Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and TechnologiesSecond University of NaplesCasertaItaly Forest Research Institute DehradunUttarakhandIndia

To analyze the relationship between the management of three forest stand plantations and soil quality in the Dimapur district of the Northeastern Himalayan region,India,three forest soil profiles,covered by different species stands,at three depths were tested for 13 physical and chemical *** four of these variables(electric conductivity,bulk density exchangeable Mg and available P)were included in a minimum data set,after using a varimax rotation algorithm in a principal component analysis,and subsequently used to calculate a soil quality index(SQI).Results showed higher SQIs in the surface layers(0–20 cm depth)than in the deeper *** weighed SQI varied significantly(P<0.05)through the three considered forest sites,with the lowest value at site *** findings reveal that the approach used here is suitable for preliminary screening of the impact of a forestry species on soil,to aid in species selection and improve soil health for afforestation and reforestation projects.

关键词： Forest stand Nagaland Soil quality indicators Soil quality index

Improvement of phosphorus uptake,phosphorus use efficiency,and grain yield of upland rice(Oryza sativa L.)in response to phosphate-solubilizing bacteria blended with phosphorus fertilizer

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Pedosphere 2022年第5期32卷 752-763页

作者： Pratibha RAWAT Anita SHARMA Deepti SHANKHDHAR shailesh Chandra SHANKHDHAR Department of Plant Physiology College of Basic Sciences&HumanitiesGovind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture&TechnologyPantnagar-263145(India) Department of Microbiology College of Basic Sciences&HumanitiesGovind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture&TechnologyPantnagar-263145(India)

Phosphorus(P)limitation in soil is a major concern for crop ***,the use of chemical fertilizer is hazardous to the environment and ***,the use of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria(PSB)is an eco-friendly approach for a sustainable agricultural *** the present study,a field trial was conducted for two consecutive years to study the effects of three PSB strains isolated,Bacillus licheniformis,Pantoea dispersa,and Staphylococcus sp.,with different P fertilizer rates on P uptake,P use efficiency(PUE),and grain yield of *** activities of soil enzymes were also studied in relation to PSB *** analysis of the yield and biochemical parameters revealed that inoculation of PSB consortium could reduce almost 50%of the recommended P dose in rice *** PSB strains in combination with 50%P dose was most effective and showed the highest increases in P uptake and PUE as compared to the uninoculated ***,the PSB consortium combined with 50%P dose contributed to 50.58%and35.64%yield increases compared to the uninoculated control for 2018 and 2019,*** increases in the activities of soil dehydrogenase,alkaline phosphatase,and acid phosphatase were also recorded under PSB treatment.

关键词： bacterial inoculation enzyme activity phosphate solubilization index recommended P dose soil dehydrogenase soil phosphatase