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Log-Rank Test for Comparing Survival Curves of Neonatal Mortality Characteristic Groups in River Nile State-Sudan

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Open Journal of Statistics 2022年第4期12卷 532-547页

作者： Abdellateef Khalifa Hamid Ali Amin ibrahim Adam mohammed Department of Statistics Faculty of Mathematical Science Al-Fashir University Al Fashir Sudan Department of Statistics Faculty of Economic and Social Studies Omdurman Islamic University Omdurman Sudan

This paper concerns the Log-rank test for comparing survival curves of neonatal mortality characteristic groups in River Nile State, Sudan. In this paper, log-rank test is used to compare two or more survival curves for the characteristics of newborn associated with newborn death after using Kaplan-Meier methods to estimate and graph survival curves for the variable of interest as (sex of newborn, weight of newborn, gestational age, mode of delivery and resident type), at the hospital of River Nile state—Sudan, with a sample size 700 of newborn in which the admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of those hospitals during the period 2018-2020. In term of risk of death for newborn we found that 25% of sample study for newborns who were born in River Nile State-Sudan died. In addition, we conclude that after the log-rank statistics and Kaplan-Meier methods were applied, gender does not affect the newborn’s risk of survival, while the risk of survival increases when the birth weight is greater than 4.35 kg and the gestational age is greater than 42 weeks. There is no difference in the probability of survival for newborns whether the delivery is normal or cesarean. However, newborns are significantly more likely to survive in urban areas than in rural areas.

关键词： Neonatal Mortality Log-Rank Test Survival Function Kaplan-Meier Method

在尸检颈动脉样品中检测在人动脉粥样硬化差异表达蛋白

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在尸检颈动脉样品中检测在人动脉粥样硬化差异表达蛋白

作者： mohammed M ibrahim 大连医科大学

学位级别：硕士

背景颈动脉粥样硬化的特点是增厚的颈动脉壁失去弹性。颈动脉起源双边和沿左和颈部的右侧行进,并命名为相应的右颈动脉从无名动脉起源,和左直接源于主动脉弓。中途沿着颈部,动脉加大以形成颈膨大。从那里它们分叉到颈外动脉和颈内动脉...

背景颈动脉粥样硬化的特点是增厚的颈动脉壁失去弹性。颈动脉起源双边和沿左和颈部的右侧行进,并命名为相应的右颈动脉从无名动脉起源,和左直接源于主动脉弓。中途沿着颈部,动脉加大以形成颈膨大。从那里它们分叉到颈外动脉和颈内动脉。颈动脉窦和颈动脉体位于分叉部位。这些动脉供血到脑的大部分。血管管腔变窄,是动脉粥样硬化斑块导致脑血管疾病的结果。颈动脉粥样硬化往往导致缺血性中风,是动脉粥样硬化最严重的并发症。栓塞被认为是最常见的造成的动脉粥样硬化病变的颈动脉球脑缺血事件。动脉粥样硬化是发达国家死亡和残疾的主要原因。此外,在发展中国家,指出全球范围内发生的50万人死亡,约4000万发生在发展中国家,仅和死亡结果心血管疾病显著的百分比。动脉粥样硬化的负担,也是在中国和其他亚洲国家有与改变生活方式和饮食习惯有关经济发展的到来显著。颈动脉的动脉粥样硬化狭窄治疗的有很多。主要取决于颈动脉的狭窄的程度和症状和体征。患者可以通过药物治疗,颈动脉血管成形术和支架置入术,或颈动脉内膜切除术。动脉粥样硬化是一个全球性的疾病,。我们对atherogenesis的基本机制的理解还不是十分清楚。动脉粥样硬化的形成,以及动脉粥样硬化的危险因素的问题仍然强烈学术讨论的焦点。而像他汀类药物治疗某些机型被普遍接受的,用于心脏病的做法更像是一个狙击手射击击落上升高胆固醇血症,其他研究人员仍然质疑这种做法的科学依据。所有这一切的总和,我们的关于atherogenesis的基础和核心机制的了解仍是遥遥领先,。这突显了不懈的努力,以获得更好的理解这种疾病,以便能够预测与可接受的确定性水平谁是在疾病的发展中的早期阶段风险的个体。本研究的目的是探讨颈动脉粥样硬化的用颈动脉尸检样品中的人全球蛋白质表达谱谁突然去世动脉粥样硬化的并发症目标1. 做尸检组织动脉粥样硬化和非动脉粥样硬化的颈动脉样本的蛋白质组分析2. 做比较蛋白质组学分析,以确定动脉粥样硬化的差异表达蛋白。方法：1。尸检过程中颈动脉采样,然后在年龄匹配的情况下,整理出动脉粥样硬化和非动脉粥样硬化2. 二维电泳(2DE)进行基于使用固定的pH梯度条带(IPG胶条)在第一维电泳其等电点来分离蛋白质,然后再次分离蛋白基于使用钠dodecyle硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳的分子量(SDS-PAGE)3. 质谱分光光度法用于识别差异表达的蛋白质4. 生物信息学数据的基础上的搜索分析,以确定该蛋白的功能相关性。结果每个都在正常和动脉粥样硬化组织中的2D图像的三次重复被用于分析与Biorad公司PDQuest软件用于二维分析。共有209个蛋白质斑点的动脉粥样硬化的复制组中的检测和非动脉粥样硬化的复制组中检测到205点。分析被设定为标记蛋白点与两组以上2倍差异蛋白质表达与统计显着性在95%以上。两者的动脉粥样硬化和非动脉粥样硬化组间的组内匹配率良好,相关性分别为0.88和0.90,图5同样,在动脉粥样硬化和非动脉粥样硬化组之间的组间匹配率是足够用的相关系数0.70。总共160点进行匹配跨所有点同时在动脉粥样硬化和非动脉粥样硬化的图像。四十九种的蛋白质,两组间差异表达。得出这个数字,在动脉粥样硬化的组织我们得出23种蛋白表达下调和26种蛋白表达上调。七种蛋白等显着向下调节的有动脉粥样硬化组织中几乎检测不到。同时11种蛋白显着上调,也分别在正常组织中几乎检测不到。即只在正常检测的蛋白质包括：角蛋白型细胞骨架我10,14-3-3蛋白THETA,玻璃粘连蛋白,肌LMNA相互作用蛋白(MLIP),组织蛋白酶D,波形蛋白,血清白蛋白ALB亚型2和另一种肽高度相似血清白蛋白。检测仅在动脉粥样硬化组织中的蛋白质分别为：血清白蛋白,MLIP,I型骨架9,补体C3(片段),过氧化物酶-2,AMBP蛋白,组织蛋白酶D,p-肌动蛋白样蛋白2,主动脉平滑肌肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白MYL9调节轻多肽9亚型1动脉粥样硬化是一种涉及炎症机制,氧化机制,脂质代谢,凋亡,和维护的内皮细胞的结构完整性之间的相互作用复杂的机制。换句话说,动脉粥样硬化的确切机制精确序列,仍然是学术界争论的话题,它是有趣的,每个在此蛋白质谱检测的蛋白质已被证明在以前的研究中,以参与这些分担机制动脉粥样硬化斑块形成中的至少一个。从文献中,血清白蛋白ALB亚型2,14-3-3蛋白THETA, MYL9肌球蛋白调节轻多肽9顷已知参与凋亡。玻璃粘连蛋白,补体C3,和波形参与炎症。补体C3还已知参与脂质代谢,并与中间丝是维持内皮细胞的结构完整性相互作用。AMBP蛋白,过氧化物酶-2和组织蛋白酶D具有抗氧化性能,并也起着氧化机制的作用。这项研究还增加确认这些蛋白质在血管和或动脉粥样硬化斑块和其可能参与该疾病的表达。这些手指印的蛋白质的功能分析将是必要的,以适当地调整其在动脉粥样硬化的作用。那么我们就可以告诉他们的存在,或缺乏

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Skin Cancer Classification Using Transfer Learning by VGG16 Architecture (Case Study on Kaggle Dataset)

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Journal of Intelligent Learning Systems and Applications 2023年第3期15卷 67-75页

作者： Adam M. ibrahim mohammed Elbasheir Somia Badawi Ashraf mohammed Amir F. mohammed Alalmin Department of Computer Science Sudan Technical University Khartoum Sudan Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Alzaiem Alazhri University Khartoum Sudan Applied College Najran University Najran Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Omdurman Islamic University Omdurman Sudan Department of Emergency Medicine King Abdullah Medical City Makkah Saudi Arabia

Skin cancer is a serious and potentially life-threatening disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Early detection and accurate diagnosis are critical for successful treatment and improved patient outcomes. In recent years, deep learning has emerged as a powerful tool for medical image analysis, including the diagnosis of skin cancer. The importance of using deep learning in diagnosing skin cancer lies in its ability to analyze large amounts of data quickly and accurately. This can help doctors make more informed decisions about patient care and improve overall outcomes. Additionally, deep learning models can be trained to recognize subtle patterns and features that may not be visible to the human eye, leading to earlier detection and more effective treatment. The pre-trained Visual Geometry Group 16 (VGG16) architecture has been used in this study to classification of skin cancer images, and the images have been converted into other color scales, there are named: 1) Hue Saturation Value (HSV), 2) YCbCr, 3) Grayscale for evaluation. Results show that the dataset created with RGB and YCbCr images in field condition was promising with a classification accuracy of 84.242%. The dataset has also been evaluated with other popular architectures and compared. The performance of VGG16 with images of each color scale is analyzed. In addition, feature parameters have been extracted from the different layers. The extracted layers were felt with the VGG16 to evaluate the ability of the feature parameters in classifying the disease.

关键词： Skin Cancer Classification VGG16 Transfer Learning Deep Learning

Influence of postural changes on haemodynamics in internal carotid artery bifurcation aneurysm using numerical methods

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Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art 2022年第1期5卷 128-143页

作者： Raghuvir Pai Ballambat Mohammad Zuber Shah mohammed Abdul Khader Anurag Ayachit Kamarul Arifin bin Ahmad Rajanikanth ao Vedula Sevagur Ganesh Kamath ibrahim Lutfi Shuaib Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal 576104India Department of Aeronautical and Automobile Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal 576104India Department of Radiology and Imaging Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal 576104India Department of Aerospace Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversitist Putra Malaysia43499 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Cardio-Vascular and Thoracic Surgery Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal 576104India Advanced Medical and Dental Institute Universiti Sains Malaysia13200 George TownMalaysia

Cerebral intracranial aneurysms are serious problems that can lead to stroke,coma,and even *** effect of blood flow on cerebral aneurysms and their relationship with rupture are *** addition,postural changes and their relevance to haemodynamics of blood flow are difficult to measure in vivo using clinical imaging *** simulations investigating the detailed haemodynamics in cerebral aneurysms have been developed in recent times not only to understand the progression and rupture but also for clinical evaluation and *** the present study,the haemodynamics of a patient-specific case of a large aneurysm on the left side internal carotid bifurcation(LICA)and no aneurysm on the right side internal carotid bifurcation(RICA)was *** simulation of these patient-specific models using fluid–structure interaction provides a valuable comparison of flow behavior between normal and aneurysm *** influences of postural changes were investigated during standing,sleeping,and head-down(HD)*** changes in flow were observed during the HD position and quit high arterial blood pressure in the internal carotid artery(ICA)aneurysm model was established when compared to the normal ICA *** velocity increased abruptly during the HD position by more than four times(LICA and RICA)and wall shear stress by four times(LICA)to ten times(RICA).The complex spiral flow and higher pressures prevailing within the dome increase the risk of aneurysm rupture.

关键词： Carotid aneurysm ANSYS fluid-structure interaction Altered gravity Haemodynamics

The Choice to Go Organic: Evidence from Small US Farms

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Agricultural Sciences 2019年第12期10卷 1566-1580页

作者： Xuanli Liu Nalini Pattanaik Mack Nelson mohammed ibrahim Agricultural Research Station Fort Valley State University Fort Valley USA Department of Business and Economics Fort Valley State University Fort Valley USA

This research examined small farmers’ operational choice in converting to organic farming in the Southern region of the United States. A logistic model fitted to survey data from responses of 456 produce growers found the key determinants of the conversion choices of farmers and offered quantitative impacts of the major influential factors retained in the fitted model. Among them, barriers to the conversion were linked to farmer’s age, risk aversion, years of farming, and the lack of education as well as low yield of organic farming;nevertheless, the model also revealed the existence of stimuli reflecting on access to farmers markets, peer exemplars, and operational scale. The confluence of variables retained partially explained a slow but steady conversion to organic farming in the United States. Besides the broad implication for policy making in the agricultural sector, this study found that organic farming was closely tied to small farms and organic farming could be a back road to the future of small US farms.

关键词： Organics Barriers Produce Organic Farming Small Farms

Optimized Method to Analyze Rose Plant Volatile Organic Compounds by HS-SPME-GC-FID/MSD

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2017年第3期5卷 13-31页

作者： mohammed ibrahim Manjree Agarwal Giles Hardy Yonglin Ren School of Veterinary and Life Science Murdoch University Murdoch Australia College of Agriculture University of Babylon Babylon Iraq

A method involving Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) fiber combined with gas chromatography (GC) coupled with flame ionization detection (FID) and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was developed and optimized to investigate volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from different tissues (flowers, leaves, stems, rhizosphere and whole plants) of Floribunda and Hybrid Tea roses (intact and cut). Three-phase fiber 50/30 μm divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS) was used. Two types of chambers (Tedlar bag and glass jar) were evaluated for collection of VOCs and glass jar was selected. Absorbed compounds on the fiber were completely desorbed in the GC injector port at three desorption times (5, 10 and 15 min), and 5 min at 250?C was used. The maximum extraction efficiency for flowers tissues (equilibrium absorption) was achieved 2 h after fiber exposure in the headspace for intact and cut Floribunda and Hybrid Tea flowers. Under the optimized HS-SPME and GC-FID/MS conditions, 1h extraction time was chosen for intact and cut Floribunda and Hybrid Tea leaves and stems. The results demonstrated that 5 cm depth was selected for root and soil part (rhizosphere) for both rose cultivars, and 6 h and 12 h extraction time of VOCs from rhizosphere was achieved for Floribunda and Hybrid Tea, respectively. One hour was chosen for VOCs released from whole rose plants for both cultivars. In this study, the VOC profiles of two rose cultivars were characterized by the optimized HS-SPME-GC method. The different tissues of rose plants gave wide range of the VOCs;also the chromatograms of different cultivars were quite different and the specific VOC pattern of rose types depends on the species. Results from this study demonstrate the feasibility of this method for identifying VOCs from two rose cultivars and the potential use of this method for physiological studies on rose plants or on other floriculture plants.

关键词： Optimization Rose tissues VOCs SPME-GC-FID/MS Floribunda Hybrid Tea

Towards Attaining Reliable and Efficient Green Cloud Computing Using Micro-Smart Grids to Power Internet Data Center

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2019年第7期7卷 195-205页

作者： mohammed Mansur ibrahim Anas Ahmad Danbala Mustapha Ismail Department of Mathematics & Computer Science Federal University of Kashere Kashere Gombe State Nigeria Trans. Access Planning Engineer Mobile Telecom. Network (MTN) Abuja Switch Office Abuja FCT Nigeria Department of Mathematics & Comp. Sci. Gombe State University Gombe Gombe State Nigeria

Energy generation and consumption are the main aspects of social life due to the fact that modern people’s necessity for energy is a crucial ingredient for existence. Therefore, energy efficiency is regarded as the best economical approach to provide safer and affordable energy for both utilities and consumers, through the enhancement of energy security and reduction of energy emissions. One of the problems of cloud computing service providers is the high rise in the cost of energy, efficiency together with carbon emission with regards to the running of their internet data centres (IDCs). In order to mitigate these issues, smart micro-grid was found to be suitable in increasing the energy efficiency, sustainability together with the reliability of electrical services for the IDCs. Therefore, this paper presents idea on how smart micro-grids can bring down the disturbing cost of energy, carbon emission by the IDCs with some level of energy efficiency all in an effort to attain green cloud computing services from the service providers. In specific term, we aim at achieving green information and communication technology (ICT) in the field of cloud computing in relations to energy efficiency, cost-effectiveness and carbon emission reduction from cloud data center’s perspective.

关键词： Cloud Computing Internet Data Center Green IT Energy Efficiency Mi-cro-Smart Grids

Geochemistry and Mineralogy of the Upper Cretaceous-Paleocene Marine Series, Iullemmeden Basin, Niger Republic

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2019年第12期7卷 1-19页

作者： Moumouni Ali ibrahim Wagani mohammed S. Chaanda Département de Géologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Dan Dicko Dankoulodo Maradi Niger Republic School of Geography Earth & Environmental Sciences University of Plymouth Drake Circus UK

Major and trace elements, mineralogy as well as the total organic content of the Upper Cretaceous-Paleocene Marine Series of the Iullemmeden basin in Niger were determined in order to assess their composition, the chemistry of the paleoenvironment and the nature of the parent crystalline rocks that they evolved from. The major and trace elements were analyzed using a Bruker Tracer IV energy-dispersive hand held X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, the mineralogical analyses were done using a Bruker AXS D8 Discover, while the total organic carbon was calculated by subtraction of inorganic carbon from the total carbon, determined using a CM5014 coulometer (UIC, Joliet, IL, USA) and a LECO SC-144DR instrument. Geochemical indices calculated from major oxides such as CIA, PIA, ICV and CIW have been computed and the results show that the Marine Series are made essentially of clay minerals of the smectite group (montmorillonite), quartz and other accessory minerals like rutile and calcite. Computed ratios of some trace elements such as V/(V + Ni) and V/(V + Cr) showed that the paleoenvironment was dysoxic-oxic and the low values (<2) of the Total Organic Carbon found in the sediments are justified by those poor preservative conditions. Based on Al2O3/TiO2 ratios, the sediments were derived from intermediate to acidic igneous rocks surrounding the basin.

关键词： Geochemistry and Mineralogy

Natural Convection of Nanofluid in Cylindrical Enclosure Filled with Porous Media

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第12期7卷 2263-2272页

作者： Manal Hadi A1-Hafidh Hayder ibrahim mohammed Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Baghdad University Baghdad 964 Iraq Physical Department Education College Faculty of Engineering University of Garmyan Sulaymaniyah 964 lraq

A numerical study has been carried out to investigate the effect of aspect ratio on heat transfer by natural convection of nanofluid taking Cu nano particles and the water as based fluid. The flow is laminar, steady state, axisymmetric two-dimensional in a vertical cylindrical channel filled with porous media. Heat is generated uniformly along the center of the channel with its vertical surface remain with cooled constant wall temperature and insulated horizontal top and bottom surfaces. The governing equations which used are continuity, momentum and energy equations using Darcy law and Boussinesq＇s approximation which are transformed to dimensionless equations. The finite difference approach is used to obtain all the computational results using the MATLAB-7 program. The parameters affected on the system are Rayleigh number ranging within （10≤ Ra ≤ 103）, aspect ratio （1 ≤ As 〈 5） and the volume fraction （0 ≤0 〈 0.2）. The results obtained are presented graphically in the form of streamline and isotherm contour plots and the results show that as ~ increase from 0.01 to 0.2 the value of the mean Nusselt number increase 50.4% for Ra = 1,000.

关键词： Laminar natural convection nanofluid porous media vertical cylinder heat generation.