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Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation conditioning regimens and chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy in various diseases

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 32-41页

作者： shahzaib maqbool Maryam Farhan Baloch Muhammad Abdul Khaliq Khan Azeem Khalid Kiran Naimat Department of Medicine Holy Family HospitalRawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Community Medicine Allama Iqbal Medical CollegeLahore 45000Pakistan Department of Community Dentistry Baqai Medical UniversityKarachi 43000Pakistan Department of Medicine Allama lqbal Medical CollegeLahore 45000Pakistan Department of MedicineLiaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Karachi 43000Pakistan

Conditioning regimens employed in autologous stem cell transplantation have been proven useful in various hematological disorders and underlying malignancies;however,despite being efficacious in various instances,negative consequences have also been *** conditioning regimens were extracted from various literature searches from databases like PubMed,Google scholar,EMBASE,and *** regimens for each disease were compared by using various end points such as overall survival(OS),progression free survival(PFS),and leukemia free survival(LFS).Variables were presented on graphs and analyzed to conclude a more efficacious conditioning *** multiple myeloma,the most effective regimen was high dose melphalan(MEL)given at a dose of 200/mg/*** comparative results of acute myeloid leukemia were presented and the regimens that proved to be at an admirable position were busulfan(BU)+MEL regarding OS and BU+VP16 regarding *** case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL),BU,fludarabine,and etoposide(BuFluVP)conferred good disease control not only with a paramount improvement in survival rate but also low risk of ***,for ALL,chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T cell therapy was preferred in the context of better OS and *** respect to Hodgkin’s lymphoma,mitoxantrone(MITO)/MEL overtook carmustine,VP16,cytarabine,and MEL in view of PFS and vice versa regarding ***-Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients were administered MITO(60 mg/m2)and MEL(180 mg/m2)which showed promising ***,amyloidosis was considered,and the regimen that proved to be competent was MEL 200(200 mg/m2).This review article demonstrates a comparison between various conditioning regimens employed in different diseases.

关键词： Conditioning regimens Multiple myeloma Lymphoma Hodgkin Non-Hodgkin Acute leukemia

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The Spherical q-Linear Diophantine Fuzzy Multiple-Criteria Group Decision-Making Based on Differential Measure

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1925-1950页

作者： Huzaira Razzaque shahzaib Ashraf Muhammad Naeem Yu-Ming Chu Institute of Mathematics Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering&Information TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan Department of Mathematics Deanship of Applied SciencesUmm Al-Qura UniversityMeccaSaudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Huzhou UniversityHuzhou313000China

Spherical q-linearDiophantine fuzzy sets(Sq-LDFSs)provedmore effective for handling uncertainty and vagueness in multi-criteria decision-making(MADM).It does not only cover the data in two variable parameters but is also beneficial for three parametric *** Pythagorean fuzzy sets,the difference is calculated only between two parameters(membership and non-membership).According to human thoughts,fuzzy data can be found in three parameters(membership uncertainty,and non-membership).So,to make a compromise decision,comparing Sq-LDFSs is *** measures of different fuzzy sets do,however,can have several flaws that can lead to counterintuitive *** instance,they treat any increase or decrease in the membership degree as the same as the non-membership degree because the uncertainty does not change,even though each parameter has a different *** the Sq-LDFSs comparison,this research develops the differentialmeasure(DFM).Themain goal of the DFM is to cover the unfair arguments that come from treating different types of FSs opposing criteria *** to their relative positions in the attribute space and the similarity of their membership and non-membership degrees,two Sq-LDFSs formthis preference connectionwhen the uncertainty remains same in both *** to the degree of superiority or inferiority,two Sq-LDFSs are shown as identical,equivalent,superior,or inferior over one *** suggested DFM’s fundamental characteristics are *** on the newly developed DFM,a unique approach tomultiple criterion group decision-making is *** suggestedmethod verifies the novel way of calculating the expert weights for Sq-LDFSS as in *** proposed technique in three parameters is applied to evaluate solid-state drives and choose the optimum photovoltaic cell in two applications by taking uncertainty parameter *** method’s applicability and validity shown by the findings are contrasted with those obtained using various

关键词： Multi-criteria group decision-making spherical q-linear Diophantine fuzzy sets differencemeasures photovoltaic cells medical diagnosis

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Complex Decision Modeling Framework with Fairly Operators and Quaternion Numbers under Intuitionistic Fuzzy Rough Context

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 1893-1932页

作者： Nadeem Salamat Muhammad Kamran shahzaib Ashraf Manal Elzain Mohammed Abdulla Rashad Ismail Mohammed M.Al-Shamiri Institute of Mathematics Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering&Information TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan Department of Mathematics Thal University BhakkarPunjab30000Pakistan Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science and ArtsKing Khalid UniversityMuhayl Assir61913Saudi Arabia

The main goal of informal computing is to overcome the limitations of hypersensitivity to defects and uncertainty while maintaining a balance between high accuracy,accessibility,and *** paper investigates the potential applications of intuitionistic fuzzy sets(IFS)with rough sets in the context of sparse *** it comes to capture uncertain information emanating fromboth upper and lower approximations,these intuitionistic fuzzy rough numbers(IFRNs)are superior to intuitionistic fuzzy sets and pythagorean fuzzy sets,*** use rough sets in conjunction with IFSs to develop several fairly aggregation operators and analyze their underlying *** present numerous impartial laws that incorporate the idea of proportionate dispersion in order to ensure that the membership and non-membership activities of IFRNs are treated equally within these *** operations lead to the development of the intuitionistic fuzzy rough weighted fairly aggregation operator(IFRWFA)and intuitionistic fuzzy rough ordered weighted fairly aggregation operator(IFRFOWA).These operators successfully adjust to membership and non-membership categories with fairness and *** highlight the unique qualities of these suggested aggregation operators and investigate their use in the multiattribute decision-making *** use the intuitionistic fuzzy rough environment’s architecture to create a novel strategy in situation involving several decision-makers and non-weighted ***,we developed a novel technique by combining the IFSs with quaternion *** establish a unique connection between alternatives and qualities by using intuitionistic fuzzy quaternion numbers(IFQNs).With the help of this framework,we can simulate uncertainty in real-world situations and address a number of decision-making *** the examples we have released,we offer a sophisticated and systematically constructed illustrative scenario that is intricately wo

关键词： Intuitionistic fuzzy set quaternion numbers fuzzy logic decision-making rough set

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Novel Decision Making Methodology under Pythagorean Probabilistic Hesitant Fuzzy Einstein Aggregation Information

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第8期136卷 1785-1811页

作者： shahzaib Ashraf Bushra Batool Muhammad Naeem Institute of Mathematics Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering&Information TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan Department of Mathematics Deanship of Applied SciencesUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah24382Saudi Arabia

This research proposes multicriteria decision-making(MCDM)-based real-time Mesenchymal stem cells(MSC)transfusion *** testing phase of the methodology denotes the ability to stick to plastic surfaces,the upregulation and downregulation of certain surface protein markers,and lastly,the ability to differentiate into various cell ***,two scenarios of an enhanced dataset based on a medical perspective were created in the development phase to produce varying levels of ***,for real-timemonitoring ofCOVID-19 patients with different emergency levels(i.e.,mild,moderate,severe,and critical),an automated triage algorithmbased on a formal medical guideline is proposed,taking into account the improvement and deterioration procedures fromone level to the *** this strategy,Einstein aggregation information under the Pythagorean probabilistic hesitant fuzzy environment(PyPHFE)is *** operations on PyPHFE such as Einstein sum,product,scalar multiplication,and their properties are ***,several Pythagorean probabilistic hesitant fuzzy Einstein aggregation operators,namely the Pythagorean probabilistic hesitant fuzzy weighted average(PyPHFWA)operator,Pythagorean probabilistic hesitant fuzzy Einstein weighted geometric(PyPHFEWG)operator,Pythagorean probabilistic hesitant fuzzy Einstein ordered weighted average(PyPHFEOWA)operator,Pythagorean probabilistic hesitant fuzzy Einstein ordered weighted geometric(PyPHFEOWG)operator,Pythagorean probabilistic hesitant fuzzy Einstein hybrid average(PyPHFEHA)operator and Pythagorean probabilistic hesitant fuzzy Einstein hybrid geometric(PyPHFEHG)operator are *** the above-mentioned operators are helpful in design the algorithm to tackle uncertainty in decision making *** last,a numerical case study of decision making is presented to demonstrate the applicability and validity of the proposed ***,the comparison of the existing and the proposed technique is

关键词： Pythagorean probabilistic hesitant fuzzy set aggregation operators decision making

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Pythagorean Fuzzy Einstein Aggregation Operators with Z-Numbers:Application in Complex Decision Aid Systems

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第12期137卷 2795-2844页

作者： Shahzad Noor Abbasi shahzaib Ashraf M.Shazib Hameed Sayed M.Eldin Institute of Mathematics Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering&Information TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan Center of Research Faculty of EngineeringFuture University in EgyptNew Cairo11835Egypt

The primary goal of this research is to determine the optimal agricultural field selection that would most effectively support manufacturing producers in manufacturing production while accounting for unpredictability and reliability in their *** PFS is known to address the levels of participation and *** begin,we introduce the novel concept of a PFZN,which is a hybrid structure of Pythagorean fuzzy sets and the *** PFZN is graded in terms of membership and non-membership,as well as reliability,which provides a strong advice in real-world decision support *** PFZN is a useful tool for dealing with uncertainty in decision-aid *** PFZN is a practical way for dealing with such uncertainties in decision-aid *** list of aggregation operators:PFZN Einstein weighted averaging and PFZN Einstein weighted geometric,is established under the novel Pythagorean fuzzy *** is a more precise mathematical instrument for dealing with precision and *** core of this research is to develop a numerical algorithmto tackle the uncertainty in real-life problems using *** show the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm,we illustrate the numerical case study related to determining the optimal agricultural *** main purpose of this work is to describe the extended EDAS approach,then compare the proposed methodology with many other methodologies now in use,and then demonstrate how the suggested methodology may be applied to real-world *** addition,the final ranking results that were obtained by the devised techniques weremore efficient and dependable in comparison to the results provided by other methods presented in the literature.

关键词： Pythagorean fuzzy Z-number Einstein weighted averaging Pythagorean fuzzy Z-number Einstein weighted geometric decision making

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Emergency Decision-Making Based on q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Rough Aggregation Information

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第12期69卷 4077-4094页

作者： Ahmed B.Khoshaim Saleem Abdullah shahzaib Ashraf Muhammad Naeem Department of Mechanical Engineering King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Abdul Wali Khan University MardanMardan23200Pakistan Department of Mathematics and Statistics Bacha Khan UniversityCharsadda24420Pakistan Deanship of Combined First Year Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia

With the frequent occurrences of emergency events,emergency decision making(EDM)plays an increasingly significant role in coping with such situations and has become an important and challenging research area in recent *** is essential for decision makers to make reliable and reasonable emergency decisions within a short span of time,since inappropriate decisions may result in enormous economic losses and social *** handle emergency effectively and quickly,this paper proposes a new EDM method based on the novel concept of q-rung orthopair fuzzy rough(q-ROPR)set.A novel list of q-ROFR aggregation information,detailed description of the fundamental characteristics of the developed aggregation operators and the q-ROFR entropy measure that determine the unknown weight information of decision makers as well as the criteria weights are *** an algorithm is given to tackle the uncertain scenario in emergency to give reliable and reasonable emergency *** using proposed list of q-ROFR aggregation information all emergency alternatives are ranked to get the optimal *** this,the q-ROFR entropy measure method is used to determine criteria and experts’weights objectively in the EDM ***,through an illustrative example of COVID-19 analysis is compared with existing EDM *** results verify the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed methodology.

关键词： q-rung orthopair fuzzy rough set q-ROFR entropy measure aggregation information emergency decision making

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Morphology Structure Evolution and Combustion Reactivity of Bituminous Char at Around Ash Melting Temperature

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第6期31卷 2189-2202页

作者： ZHANG Yandi YANG Huan WANG Bo HMshahzaib KHAN DUAN Xiaoli LIU Yinhe State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

In slag tapping furnaces, char particles undergo a series of complex structural evolution before and after being captured by the liquid slag layer. The evolution results affect the carbon conversion rate and are affected by temperature fluctuations, especially in the ash melting temperature zone. Experimental study on structure evolution of bituminous char prepared at around ash melting temperature was carried out on a fixed bed. The morphology, specific surface area and mineral chemical composition were measured at different temperatures. Experimental results show that the number density and the size of ash droplets exuded on the char surface increased significantly with the increasing temperature. The ash specific surface area from gasification was slightly greater than that from combustion. The residual content of chloride in the char become 1% and the contents of Fe, K, Mg and Na decrease significantly during the pyrolysis process across the ash melting temperature zone. The diffraction intensity of oldhamite increase which indicates the reaction of carbon substrate with minerals during the evolution;the diffraction intensity of quartz dramatically decreases for the reason of anorthite generation. The ignition and burnout temperatures of char were found to increase and the combustion stability decreased with the increasing pyrolysis temperature.

关键词： coal char structure evolution carbothermal reaction combustion

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Analysis and Characterization of Normally-Off Gallium Nitride High Electron Mobility Transistors

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第10期69卷 1021-1037页

作者： shahzaib Anwar Sardar Muhammad Gulfam Bilal Muhammad Syed Junaid Nawaz Khursheed Aurangzeb Mohammad Kaleem Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering COMSATS University Islamabad(CUI)Islamabad45550Pakistan CTIF Global Capsule Department of Business Development and TechnologyAarhus University7400HerningDenmark Computer Engineering Department College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia

High electron mobility transistor(HEMT)based on gallium nitride(GaN)is one of the most promising candidates for the future generation of high frequencies and high-power electronic *** research work aims at designing and characterization of enhancement-mode or normally-off GaN *** impact of variations in gate length,mole concentration,barrier variations and other important design parameters on the performance of normally-off GaN HEMT is thoroughly *** increase in the gate length causes a decrease in the drain current and transconductance,while an increase in drain current and transconductance can be achieved by increasing the concentration of aluminium(Al).For Al mole fractions of 23%,25%,and 27%,within Al gallium nitride(AlGaN)barrier,the GaN HEMT devices provide a maximum drain current of 347,408 and 474 mA/μm and a transconductance of 19,20.2,21.5 mS/μm,***,for Al mole fraction of 10%and 15%,within AlGaN buffer,these devices are observed to provide a drain current of 329 and 283 mA/μm,***,for a gate length of 2.4,3.4,and 4.4μm,the device is observed to exhibit a maximum drain current of 272,235,and 221 mA/μm and the transconductance of 16.2,14,and 12.3 mS/μm,*** is established that a maximum drain current of 997 mA/μm can be achieved with an Al concentration of 23%,and the device exhibits a steady drain current with enhanced *** observations demonstrate tremendous potential for two-dimensional electron gas(2DEG)for securing of the normally-off mode operation.A suitable setting of gate length and other design parameters is critical in preserving the normally-off mode operation while also enhancing the critical performance parameters at the same *** to the normallyon depletion-mode nature of GaN HEMT,it is usually not considered as suitable for high power levels,frequencies,and *** such settings,a negative bias is required to enter the blocking conditi

关键词： High electron mobility GaN HEMT bipolar transistors gallium nitride heterojunctions MOS devices

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Spatio-Temporal Dynamics and Structure Preserving Algorithm for Computer Virus Model

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 201-211页

作者： Nauman Ahmed Umbreen Fatima shahzaib Iqbal Ali Raza Muhammad Rafiq Muhammad Aziz-ur-Rehman Shehla Saeed Ilyas Khan Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar Department of Mathematics and Statistics The University of LahoreLahorePakistan Department of Mathematics University of Management and TechnologyLahorePakistan Department of Mathematics National College of Business Administration and EconomicsLahorePakistan Department of Mathematics Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Central PunjabLahorePakistan Faculty of Mathematics and Statistics Ton Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi Minh72915Vietnam Department of Mathematics College of Arts and Sciences at Wadi AldawaserPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharjSaudi Arabia

The present work is related to the numerical investigation of the spatio-temporal susceptible-latent-breaking out-recovered(SLBR)epidemic *** describes the computer virus dynamics with vertical transmission via the *** these types of dynamics models,the absolute values of the state variables are the fundamental requirement that must be fulfilled by the numerical *** taking into account this key property,the positivity preserving algorithm is designed to solve the underlying SLBR ***,the state variables associated with the phenomenon,represent the computer nodes,so they must take in ***,the continuous system(SLBR)acquires two steady states i.e.,the virus-free state and the virus existence *** stability of the numerical design,at the equilibrium points,portrays an exceptional aspect about the propagation of the *** designed discretization algorithm sustains the stability of both the steady *** computer simulations also endorse that the proposed discretization algorithm retains all the traits of the continuous SLBR model with spatial *** stability and consistency of the proposed algorithm are verified,*** the facts are also ascertained by numerical simulations.

关键词： Spatio-temporal computer virus model discretization positive solution computer simulations

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Schizophreniform Disorder after Onset of Menopause

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第4期11卷 215-218页

作者： shahzaib Khan Melody Dankha Ross University School of Medicine Bridgetown Barbados Saint Joseph Mercy Oakland Pontiac Michigan

Schizophrenia is one of the psychotic disorders that is a huge concern with prevalence increasing every year. In this case report, we are discussing the case of a 49-year-old female with no prior history of psychiatric illness and a recent diagnosis of menopause, presenting with signs and symptoms of schizophreniform disorder and menopause. After undergoing treatment with estrogen and risperidone, she experienced complete resolution of her delusions and hallucinations.

关键词： Psychiatric Disorder Schizophrenia Schizophreniform Disorder Delusions Hallucinations Menopause

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