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PbMC1a/1b regulates lignification during stone cell development in pear(Pyrus bretschneideri)fruit

Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 1915-1927页

作者： Xin Gong Zhihua Xie Kaijie Qi Liangyi Zhao Yazhou Yuan Jiahui Xu Weikang Rui Katsuhiro Shiratake Jianping Bao shahrokh Khanizadeh Shaoling Zhang Shutian Tao College of Horticulture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina Laboratory of Horticultural Science Nagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan College of Plant Science Tarim UniversityAla’er CityChina ELM Consulting Inc. St-LazareCanada Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaOttawaCanada State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina

Programmed cell death(PCD)and secondary cell wall(SCW)thickening in pear fruit are accompanied by the deposition of cellulose and lignin to form stone *** is an important protease for development,tissue renewal and *** understanding of the molecular mechanism whereby pear(Pyrus)metacaspase promotes PCD and cell wall lignification is still *** this study,the Metacaspases gene family(PbMCs)from *** was ***1a/1b was associated with lignin deposition and stone cell formation by physiological data,semiquantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and quantitative RT-PCR(qRT-PCR).Relative to wildtype(WT)Arabidopsis,the overexpression of PbMC1a/1b increased lignin deposition and delayed growth,thickened the cell walls of vessels,xylary fibers and interfascicular fibers,and increased the expression of lignin biosynthetic *** two-hybrid(Y2H),bimolecular fluorescence complementation(BiFC)and GST pull-down assays indicated that the PbMC1a/1b protein physically interacted with ***,the transient expression of PbMC1a/1b and PbRD21 led to significant changes in the expression of genes and lignin contents in pear fruits and flesh *** results indicate that PbMC1a/1b plays an important role in cell wall lignification,possibly by interacting with PbRD21 to increase the mRNA levels of some lignin synthesis-associated genes and promote the formation of stone cells in pear fruit.

关键词： fibers walls transient

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Engaging Freshman Undergraduate Students in Faculty Environmental Science Research: Testing the Local Surface Waters for Nitrate, Phosphate, and Ammonium Ions Using Two Affordable Methods as an Example

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2016年第3期6卷 143-149页

作者： Shadi Abu-Baker Christian Frazier Nathaniel Frazier shahrokh Ghaffari College of Arts and Sciences Ohio University Zanesville Zanesville OH USA

Clean water is a crucial factor that contributes to the health of eco-systems and their inhabitants. Testing local surface water is an exciting way to engage freshman undergraduates in research which shows them the importance of protecting their communities and environment. Two affordable methods: a Colorimeter and Ion-Selective Probe were used to analyze nitrate, phosphate and ammonia levels in local surface water samples. The samples were collected from the Muskingum River which runs through Southeastern Ohio (Muskingum County) and were collected at 2 mile increments. We believe that this set of experiments would be beneficial if implemented into a college freshman level chemistry lab, thereby, promoting self-awareness of water safety, eco-system safety and community involvement. In addition, the students will learn how our environment is effected by our actions when we neglect to properly monitor the type of pollutants we allow into our water ways.

关键词： Nitrate South Eastern Ohio Affordable Muskingum Phosphate Ammonia Environmental Monitoring River Water Toxicity Vernier Electrode PASCO Colorimeter

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Predicting mortality, hospital length of stay and need for surgery in pediatric trauma patients

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2017年第6期20卷 339-342页

作者： shahrokh Yousefzadeh chabok Fatemeh Ranjbar taklimie Reza Malekpouri Alireza Razzaghi Guilan Road Trauma Research Center Poursina Hospital Cuilan University of Medical Sdences Rasht Guilan Iran Student's Research Committee Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Science Tehran *** lran

Purpose： Pediatric trauma is one of the major health problems around the world which threats the life of children. The survival of injured children depends upon appropriate care, accurate triage and effective emergent surgery. The objective of this study was to determine the predictive values of injury severity score （ISS）, new injury severity score （NISS） and revised trauma score （RTS） on children＇s mortality, hospitalization and need for surgery. Methods： In this study, records of trauma patients under 15 years old transported from a trauma scene to emergency department of Poursina hospital from 2010 to 2011 were included. Statistical analysis was applied to determine the ISS, NISS and RTS ability in predicting the outcomes of interest. Results： There were 588 records in hospital registry system. The mean age of the patients was （7.3 ± 3.8） years, and 62.1% （n = 365） of patients were male. RTS was the more ability score to predict mortality with an area under curve （AUC） of 0.99 （95% CI, 0.99-1）. In the hospital length of stay （LOS）, ISS was best predictor for both the hospital LOS with AUC of 0.72 （95% CI, 0.67-0.76） and need for surgical surgery with AUC of 0.94 （95% CI, 0.90-0,98）. Conclusion： RTS as a physiological scoring system has a higher predicting AUC value in predicting mortality. The anatomic scoring systems of ISS and NISS have good performance in predicting of hospital LOS and need for surgery outcomes.

关键词： Length of stay Mortality Pediatrics Injury severity score

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A randomized double blind controlled trial comparing Ibuprofen versus Ibuprofen plus Acetaminophen plus Caffeine for pain control after impacted third molar surgery

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2012年第2期2卷 110-115页

作者： shahrokh Raisian Hamid Reza Fallahi Leila Badakhshan Dana Zandian Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences Imam Khomeini Medical Center Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Ahvaz Iran.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like Ibupro- fen alleviate mild to moderate postoperative pain caused by the third molar extractions. Moreover, Acetaminophen is a non-opioid analgesic with anti-pyretic properties, effective in relieving mild to moderate pain. On the other hand, recent studies have demonstrated that Caffeine also acts as an analgesic adjuvant when combined with Acetaminophen, Aspirin, or their mixture. The objective of study is to compare the efficacy of a combination of Ibuprofen 200 mg and Acetaminophen 325 mg plus Caffeine 40 mg with Ibuprofen 400 mg alone for relieving the pain after surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar. 80 adult patients (56 females, 24 males) were randomly placed into two groups. Preoperative pain recorded prior to the surgery and compare with patients’ pain after the operation. According to findings, there was no significant relationship between preoperative and postoperative pain (P value > 0.05) and also between surgical trauma and postoperative pain (P value > 0.05). The mean pain showed a slight numerical superiority for the group which used Ibu-profen plus Acetaminophen plus Caffeine especially 3hours after surgery, but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P value = 0.073). In conclusion, combination of Ibuprofen plus aceta-minophen plus caffeine does not offer any clinical advantages compared with Ibuprofen for alleviating acute postoperative pain after third molar surgeries.

关键词： Third Molar Surgery Pain Control Ibuprofen Acetaminophen Caffeine

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A Study on the Effects of Solar Tracking Systems on the Performance of Photovoltaic Power Plants

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2014年第4期2卷 718-728页

作者： Shahriar Bazyari Reza Keypour shahrokh Farhangi Amir Ghaedi Khashayar Bazyari Semnan University Semnan Iran University of Tehran Tehran Iran Darun Branch Islamic Azad University Shiraz Iran Sharif University of Technology Tehran Iran

The use of renewable energy resources to produce the electricity is a rising trend in various countries worldwide. This is especially because these energies do not produce the greenhouse gases;therefore, don’t become a destructive factor on the ozone layer and the environment. Besides, the fossil energies are always exposed to price changes and will eventually end, while the renewable energies don’t pose such problems and are freely acquired from the nature. Some of the most important of these reproducible energy resources are the energies of the wind and the solar energy. The generation capability of a photovoltaic power plant is largely dependent on the intensity of the sun radiation. On the other hand, the changing of position causes the sun to have a variable shining intensity in different seasons and different times of the year;therefore, some of the solar power plants possess solar tacking systems. This paper studies the different types of photovoltaic systems including fixed panel, photovoltaic farms equipped to the single axis and double axis tracking systems and their effects on the performance of the solar power plants. In order to determine the position of the sun in the sky, the zenith and azimuth angles of it are used to extract the relations between the different parameters of the sun radiation. The resulted parameters are used in the modeling of the single axis and double axis systems. In the paper it is utilized from the sun parameters in Qeshm Island of Iran in the summer of 2011.

关键词： Azimuth and Zenith Angles Photovoltaic Farm Single and Double Axis Sun Tracker Systems

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Road traffic crashes in rural setting： an experience of a middle-income country

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2014年第6期17卷 327-330页

作者： Ali Davoudi-Kiakalayeh Reza Mohammadi shahrokh Yousefzade-Chabok Sohiel Saadat Division of Social Medicine Department of Public Health Sciences Karolinska Institutet Tomtebodavagen 18A SE-17176 Stockholm Sweden Guilan Road Trauma Research Center Guilan University of Medical Science Rasht Iran Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iran

Objective： To date, there has been little information published on the death of rural road accident deaths. This study uses burden of injury method to explore a more accurate estimate of years of life lost due to road traffic crashes occurring over a four-year period in Guilan province, northern Iran. Methods： Rural road accident deaths from 2009 to 2013 were extracted from Iran＇s Forensic Medicine System, Death Registry System and Road Trauma Research center database. Results： During the study period, the average years of life lost due to motor vehicle crashes was 13.8 per 1 000 persons, ranging from 11.9 during March 2011- 2012 to 15.8 per 1 000 persons during March 2012-2013. Conclusion： Road accident deaths in 2013 remained at the same high level as in 2009. The information obtained from this study provides a new perspective on fatal road traffic crash victims in rural settings and show us that more attention is needed in this area.

关键词： Accidents, traffic Iran Mortality

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梨果实中肉桂醇脱氢酶基因的克隆与序列分析

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中国南方果树 2012年第3期41卷 40-45页

作者：陶书田赵梅张彪 Khanizadeh shahrokh 张绍铃南京农业大学梨工程技术研究中心南京210095 Horticultural Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

肉桂醇脱氢酶(CAD)是木质素生物合成过程中的一个关键酶。本研究分别提取了"砀山酥梨"及"幸水"梨果肉总RNA,并通过RT-PCR、克隆和测序,成功获得了2个CAD的大小为689bp的cDNA片段,并分别命名为PB-CAD(登录号:FJ478151)和PP-CAD(登录号:FJ... 详细信息

肉桂醇脱氢酶(CAD)是木质素生物合成过程中的一个关键酶。本研究分别提取了"砀山酥梨"及"幸水"梨果肉总RNA,并通过RT-PCR、克隆和测序,成功获得了2个CAD的大小为689bp的cDNA片段,并分别命名为PB-CAD(登录号:FJ478151)和PP-CAD(登录号:FJ478152)。在核苷酸水平上,这两个基因片段只有4个碱基的差异,编码相似性达99.6%的两个氨基酸序列,该序列由229个残基组成。通过蛋白质序列比较,发现梨果实CAD与许多植物中CAD氨基酸序列极为相似,与苹果Malus domestica(AAC06319)、梅Prunus mume(BAE48658)、枇杷Eriobotryajaponica(ABV44810)和葡萄Vitis vinifera(CAO21890)的相似性分别达到97.8%、95%、92.6%和83.4%。

关键词：梨肉桂醇脱氢酶 RT-PCR

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Field Scale Simulation Study of Miscible Water Alternating CO<sub>2</sub>Injection Process in Fractured Reservoirs

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Geomaterials 2015年第1期5卷 25-33页

作者： Mohammad Afkhami Karaei Ali Ahmadi Hooman Fallah shahrokh Bahrami Kashkooli Jahangir Talebi Bahmanbeglo Department of Petroleum Engineering Islamic Azad University Firoozabad Branch Firoozabad Iran

Vast amounts of world oil reservoirs are in natural fractured reservoirs. There are different methods for increasing recovery from fractured reservoirs. Miscible injection of water alternating CO2?is a good choice among EOR methods. In this method, water and CO2?slugs are injected alternatively in reservoir as miscible agent into reservoir. This paper studies water injection scenario and miscible injection of water and CO2?in a two dimensional, inhomogeneous fractured reservoir. The results show that miscible water alternating CO2?gas injection leads to 3.95% increase in final oil recovery and total water production decrease of 3.89% comparing to water injection scenario.

关键词： Simulation Study CO2 Water Alternating Gas Injection Fractured Reservoirs

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Review of general, organic, and biological chemistry, second edition

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Natural Science 2014年第1期6卷 14-16页

作者： Shadi Abu-Baker shahrokh Ghaffari Mohannad Al-Saghir Parinbam K. Thamburaj College of Arts and Sciences Ohio University Zanesville USA

Overall, General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry is a very useful text to support a twosemester undergraduate course series in chemistry for health sciences students. Its strengths are the use of the P.A.V.E. way to student learning applications. It is very obvious that the author has the background and the preparation of the student taking the course(s) in mind when she was writing the textbook.

关键词： Text Book Review Education Chemistry Biochemistry Organic

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MECHANICAL SIMULATIONS OF SANDIA II TESTS OECD ISP 48 BENCHMARK

MECHANICAL SIMULATIONS OF SANDIA II TESTS OECD ISP 48 BENCHM...

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第十八届国际反应堆结构力学大会

作者： shahrokh Ghavamian Alexis Courtois Jean-Luc Valfort Grégory Heinfling EDF R&D 1avenue du Général de Gaulle F 92141 Clamart Cedex France EDF SEPTEN 12-14 Avenue Dutrievoz 69628 Villeurbanne Cedex France

A prestressed concrete containment vessel model was built at Sandia Laboratories New Mexico at a scale of 1: 4. The structure was a scaled model of an existing vessel in Japan(Ohi-3). Ohi-3 is an 1 127 MWe Pressurized Water Reactor plant operated by Kansai Electric Power Company. The structure of the vessel was composed of reinforced concrete prestressed by vertical and horizontal tendons, with a steel liner to guarantee its air tightness. As a participant in the International Standard Problem organized by the OECD, Electricite de France has performed nonlinear computations using it’s general purpose finite element code Codester(?)(***). The aim of these studies was to validate the capacities of the program to predict the mechanical degradation of prestressed concrete pressure containment vessels(PCCV).

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