检索结果-南通市图书馆

Indigenous Knowledge and Techniques of Runoff Harvesting (Bandsar and Khooshab) in Arid and Semi Arid Regions of Iran

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2014年第8期6卷 784-792页

作者： Ali Akbar Nazari Samani shahram Khalighi Mahmood Arabkhedri Jalil Farzadmehr Faculty of Natural Resources University of Tehran Tehran Iran Range and Watershed Management Department University of Torbat-e-Heydarieh Torbat-e-Heydarieh Iran Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute Tehran Iran

Two-thirds of Iran’s landmass is considered a desert-land devoid of forests and green pastures. Such a harsh environmental condition ancient Iranian innovated amazing techniques and knowledge for supplying water, which are recently called indigenous knowledge. Rain water and runoff harvesting techniques are often applied to increase the water recharge and consequently productivity in arid regions. The sizes of runoff harvesting structures are varying form micro to macro landscape. Qanat, Khooshab, Bandsar and Degar are the most famous indigenous techniques of water resources management in Iran. We tried to introduce two methods (Bandsar and Khooshab), their classification and structure as well as benefits. Bandsar is a kind of flood farming structure ground water recharge prevailed in Khorasan province of eastern Iran. Depending on rainfall, land topography and geomorphology of area, different types have been established to use floods and agricultural activities. Their area is about 0.5 to 5 ha in alluvial fans and piedmont plain. Its structure consists of plots, basin and levee along contour lines and dry rivers. The upland generated runoff is stored in the basin to infiltrate. Moreover, the fine trapped sediment in Bandsar as a fertile material cause to improve sandy soils. Khooshab is another traditional method used in southeast of Iran (Sistan va Baluchistan). It is a wall structures built across or along the dry river to catch the summer Monson floods water and cultivation as well as combat to wind erosion. Their areas are about 1 - 10 ha and crops such as wheat, maize and barely are produced through them. Flood plains and piedmont are the best location for Khooshabs which caused aquifer recharging. This work tries to explain about environmental condition affect the outcomes of mentioned techniques and their side effects on decreasing soil erosion, flooding and desertification as well as productivity increasing in some parts of Iran. Our findings revealed that

关键词： Indigenous Knowledge Runoff Harvesting Recharge Bandsar Assessment Iran

Oral Desmopressin in the Management of Adults with Nocturia

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Open Journal of Urology 2011年第4期1卷 72-75页

作者： shahram Gooran Sevil Nasirmohtaram Mohammad Ghasem Mohseni Behzad Narouie 不详

We investigated the efficacy of oral desmopressin in the treatment of adult nocturia. In an analytical study between 2007-2009 in Zahedan-Iran, Thirty patients ≥55 years with verified nocturia (≥two voids/night) were enrolled. Patients with a history of an obstructive cause of nocturia, those with diseases getting worse by the anti-diuretic affect of desmopressin and those with well-defined curable causes (e.g. cystitis) were excluded. Patients received 0.2 mg of oral desmopressin at bed time for a period of 3 weeks. p < 0.05 was taken as the significant level. All 30 patients enrolled completed the trial. Fourteen (47 %) patients receiving desmopressin had fewer than half the number of nocturnal voids relative to base line (p < 0.001). The mean number of nocturnal voids decreased from 4.6 to 2.4 (p < 0.001). Fatigue (10%), headache (3%) and dizziness (3%) were reported. All adverse events were of mild intensity and there were no instances of hyponatremia. Oral desmopressin is an effective treatment in patients with nocturia and is well-tolerated.

关键词： Nocturia Desmopressin Arginine Vasopressin

A Comparison of the Best Place to Fix Endotracheal Tubes for Men and Women When Men and Women Are in the Same Height

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2014年第7期4卷 153-158页

作者： shahram Nafisi Mehdi Rajabi Mohammad Afshar Morteza Rashidian Mitra Mohammadzadeh Department of Anesthesiology Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical CenterChicagoILUSA Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Kashan University of Medical SciencesKashanIran Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery Kashan University of Medical SciencesKashanIran Clinical Innovation Ins Trials Costa MesaCAUSA Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences TehranIran

Background: Comparison of the tracheal tube depth over the same body height of men and women based upon intubation depth markings. Methods: Kashan University of Medical Sciences ethics committee approved the study and written informed consent was taken for each patient. Patients undergoing surgery requiring general anesthesia with oro-tracheal intubation were included in a prospective observational study. After induction of general anesthesia, the endotracheal tube was secured at the point at which the cuff was just below the vocal cord on laryngoscopy. Results: In a statistical study of 682 intubated patients which consisted of 499 women and 183 men, 28 cases of laryngoscopic view grade III and IV were excluded from the study. The measurement markings on the ETT at the level of right corner of the mouth were 20.65 ± 0.13 and 18.52 ± 0.08 for men and women respectively (CI 95%). Patient’s height has a meaningful correlation with the measurement of the fixation point of the ETT. Pearson correlation coefficient between the securing point of the tube and height was 0.2 and 0.357 for men and women respectively. In most cases of men and women of the same height, Mann-Whitney U test rejected the hypothesis that the tube can be fixed in the particular point. Conclusions: In general, men are taller than women. Comparing the fixation depth of the tube, even when man and woman have the same body height, the endotracheal tube might be placed in a deeper level for men rather than women.

关键词： Intubation Endotracheal Tube General Anesthesia Height Cuffed

Partial Frequencies and Chladni’s Law in Church Bells

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Open Journal of Acoustics 2014年第2期4卷 70-77页

作者： William A. Hibbert David B. Sharp shahram Taherzadeh Robert Perrin Department of Engineering and Innovation Open University Milton Keynes UK Institute of Fundamental Sciences Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand

The rim partials of a church bell (those with an antinode at the soundbow) generate the strike pitch or perceived note of the bell. The spacing in frequency of the higher rim partials has an important effect on the tonal quality of the bell. Investigations into the partial frequencies of 2752 bells, both bronze and steel, of a wide variety of dates, founders and sizes, show a simple and unexpected relationship between the frequencies of the rim partials. This relationship explains why attempts to tune the higher rim partials independently have failed. A modified version of Chladni’s law provides insight into the musical relationship of the partials, and predicts the partials of individual bells well, but fails to give a simple model of the spacing between the partials seen in bells with different profiles.

关键词： Church Bell Partial Frequencies Chladni’s Law Timbre Virtual Pitch Strike Pitch

An increase in heart rate variability can be an index for end point of resuscitation in trauma patients

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2019年第3期22卷 134-137页

作者： Ali Foroutan shahram Paydar Seyyed Taghi Heydari Leila Mohammadi Farnaz Rahbar Burn and Wound Healing Research Center Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran Department of Surgery Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran Health Policy Research Center Institute of HealthShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran

Purpose: The measurement of heart rate variability (HRV) is a non-invasive method to analyze the balance of the autonomic nervous system. The aim of this study was to compare the changes of HRV and base deficit (BD) during the treatment of trauma patients. Methods: Forty-three trauma patients with a low injury severity scores (ISS < 24) and negative base excess on admission were included in this study. Based on the BD changes, patients were divided into three groups:‘end pointed’ group (n =13), patients' BDs instantly cleared after primary hydration;‘needs further resuscitation’ group (n=21), patients' BDs did not reach the end point and thus required further hydration or packed red blood cells transfusion;and ‘hydration minimal change’ group (n=9), patients' BDs lower than 2.5 mmol/L at the onset of admission and thereafter had minimal change (near normal range). The changes in HRV during fluid resuscitation were detected and compared to BD changes in their arterial blood gases. All data were analysed using the SPSS software Version 15.0. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine the changes in HRV, heart rate, blood pressure, and BD among groups. Results: A significant reverse correlation was found between the BD ratio and the HRV ratio (r=0.562;p= 0.01). The HRV of patients with aggravated BDs after fluid resuscitation was decreased. There was an increase in HRV at the time of BD clearance. A decrease in HRV after primary crystalloid hydration bore a significant connection with the need for an ICU (p = 0.021) and transfusion of packed red blood cells (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Increase in HRV may be a new non-invasive index for the end point of resuscitation in trauma patients.

关键词： Heart rate variability Trauma End point of resuscitation Shock

BLOOD PROGESTERONE AND 17-B ESTRADIOL CONCENTRATION IN NON-PREGNANT CASPIAN MINIATURE MARES

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

BLOOD PROGESTERONE AND 17-B ESTRADIOL CONCENTRATION IN NON-P...

Assessment of Urine Analysis Diagnostic Role: A Cross-Sectional Study in South Eastern of Iran

第十九届国际动物学大会

作者： shahram Dordari Jalal Mirian Mohammad Seyed Abbadi Agricultural Research Organisation Islamic Tehran P.O.Box 14155/3577 Iran Agricultural Research Organisation Islamic Tehran P.O.Box 14155/3577 Iran Agricultural Research Organisation Islamic Tehran P.O.Box 14155/3577 Iran

＜正＞The Caspian miniature horse is an ancient breed of horse, which was thought to be distinct for many years. This breed is a charismatic versatile little horse, existing only in small numbers, having now been recognized as holding an ancestral position in the history of the modern horse breeds, in all probability preceding that of the Arab horse.

关键词：

来源： cnki会议评论

在线全文

cnki会议

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Open Journal of Urology 2012年第4期2卷 227-231页

作者： Mohsen R. Chenari shahram Gooran Amin Zarghami Faramarz Fazeli Department of Urology Zahedan University of Medical Sciences Zahedan Iran Student Research Committee Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran Student Research Committee Zahedan University of Medical Sciences Zahedan Iran Urology Research Center Sina Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran

Introduction: Testing for the presence of micro-organisms in the urinary tract, in order to diagnose asymptomatic bacteriuria or symptomatic urinary tract infections (UTI), is very common at all levels of health care. This study was conducted to assess the diagnostic values for bacteriuria and pyuria and evaluate their roles in therapeutic decision making. Methods: A total of 1770 urine samples were obtained by simple randomized method from the central Laboratory of the Ali-ebne-Abitaleb Hospital (Zahedan, Iran). Urine culture was done to compare urine microscopy profiles. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of the findings of urine analysis was described. Results: 1055 (59.6%) of the cases were females. 13% (230/1770) of patients had positive urine cultures. The most prevalent cultured micro-organism was E. coli (63%). Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of microscopic pyuria were 85%, 88%, 51%, 97%, respectively. As the same for bacteriuria, these calculations were 97%, 98%, 90%, 99% and for the category with both bacteriuria and pyuria were 82%, 99%, 95%, 97%, respectively. Conclusion: According to the results, it is concluded that the urine microscopy features seems to be useful to exclude the presence of infection if the results of both bacteriuria and pyuria are negative, but positive test results have to be confirmed.

关键词： Urinary Tract Infection Bacteriuria Pyuria

Evaluating the effect of montelukast tablets on respiratory complications in patients following blunt chest wall trauma:A double-blind,randomized clinical trial

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2023年第2期26卷 116-120页

作者： Soleyman Heydari Hadi Khoshmohabat Ali Taheri Akerdi Fathollah Ahmadpour shahram Paydar Department of Surgery Baqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Trauma Research Center Baqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Trauma Research Center Shahid Rajaee(Emtiaz)Trauma HospitalShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran

Purpose:Patients with multiple traumas are at high risk of developing respiratory complications,including pneumonia and acute respiratory distress *** pulmonary complications are associated with systemic inflammation and pulmonary neutrophilic ***-receptor antagonists are anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant drugs subsiding airway *** present study investigates the effectiveness of montelukast in reducing pulmonary complications among trauma ***:This randomized,double-blind,placebo-control trial was conducted in patients with multiple blunt traumas and evidence of lung contusion detected via CT *** excluded patients if they met at least one of the following conditions: 0.05).At the end of the study,the mean (SD) of pulmonary contusion volume (mm3) (right side = 116748.74 (361705.12),left side = 64522.03 (117266.17)) of the treatment group were comparable to that of the placebo group (right side = 40051.26 (64081.56),left side = 25929.12 (47417.13),p = 0.228 and 0.082,respectively).Moreo

关键词： Acute respiratory distress syndrome Montelukast Leukotrienes Contusions Injuries

An Extension to Pi-Calculus for Performance Evaluation

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2011年第1期4卷 9-17页

作者： shahram Rahimi Elham S. Khorasani Yung-Chuan Lee Bidyut Gupta 不详

Pi-Calculus is a formal method for describing and analyzing the behavior of large distributed and concurrent systems. Pi-calculus offers a conceptual framework for describing and analyzing the concurrent systems whose configuration may change during the computation. With all the advantages that pi-calculus offers, it does not provide any methods for performance evaluation of the systems described by it;nevertheless performance is a crucial factor that needs to be considered in designing of a multi-process system. Currently, the available tools for pi-calculus are high level language tools that provide facilities for describing and analyzing systems but there is no practical tool on hand for pi-calculus based performance evaluation. In this paper, the performance evaluation is incorporated with pi-calculus by adding performance primitives and associating performance parameters with each action that takes place internally in a system. By using such parameters, the designers can benchmark multi-process systems and compare the performance of different architectures against one another.

关键词： Pi-calculus Performance Evaluation Multi-Agent Systems System Modeling