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Burden and outcomes for complex perianal fistulas in Crohn's disease:Systematic review

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第42期24卷 4821-4834页

作者： Julian Panes Walter Reinisch Ewa Rupniewska shahnaz khan Joan Forns Javaria Mona Khalid Daniela Bojic Haridarshan Patel Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Clínic de BarcelonaIDIBAPSCIBERehdBarcelona 08036Spain Medical University of Vienna Vienna 1090Austria RTI Health Solutions Manchester M20 2LSUnited Kingdom RTI Health Solutions Research Triangle ParkNC 27709United States RTI Health Solutions Barcelona 08028Spain Takeda DeerfieldIL 60015United States

AIM To systematically review the literature on epidemiology,disease burden, and treatment outcomes for Crohn's disease(CD) patients with complex perianal *** PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane were searched for relevant articles(published 2000-November 2016) and congress abstracts(published 2011-November 2016).RESULTS Of 535 records reviewed, 62 relevant sources were identified(mostly small observational studies). The cumulative incidence of complex perianal fistulas in CD from two referral-centre studies was 12%-14%(follow-up time, 12 years in one study; not reported in the second study). Complex perianal fistulas result in greatly diminished quality of life; up to 59% of patients are at risk of faecal incontinence. Treatments include combinations of medical and surgical interventions and expanded allogeneic adipose-derived stem cells. High proportions of patients experience lack of or inadequate response to treatment(failure and relapse rates,respectively: medical, 12%-73% and 0%-41%; surgical:0%-100% and 11%.20%; combined medical/surgical:0%-80% and 0%-50%; stem cells: 29%-47% and not reported). Few studies(1 of infliximab; 3 of surgical interventions)have been conducted in treatment-refractory patients, a population with high unmet needs. Limited data exist on the clinical value of anti-tumour necrosis factor-α dose escalation in patients with complex perianal fistulas in *** Complex perianal fistulas in CD pose substantial clinical and humanistic burden. There is a need for effective treatments, especially for patients refractory to antitumour necrosis factor-α agents, as evidenced by high failure and relapse rates.

关键词： Burden Complex perianal fistulas Crohn’s disease Epidemiology Outcomes Systematic literature review Treatment

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Length-weight relationship of eleven species of marine catfishes from the northern Arabian Sea coast of Pakistan

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2017年第5期35卷 1218-1220页

作者： Noureen FAROOQ Nazia QAMAR shahnaz RASHID Sher khan PANHWAR Center of Excellence in Marine Biology University of Karachi Sindh Pakistan

This study records length-weight relationships(LWRs)for eleven commercially important marine catfi sh species of the family Ariidae(sea catfi shes)and Plotosidae(eel catfi shes)from the northern Arabian Sea coast of *** specimens were sampled from December 2014 to November 2015,using bottom trawls with various mesh sizes by commercial *** species were Nemapteryx caelatus,Sciades sona,Arius gagora,Batrachocephalus mino,Netuma thalassina,***,Osteogeneiosus militaris,Plicofollis dussumieri,***,Plotosus limbatus,and *** the eleven species,two species *** and *** were recorded for the fi rst time and LWRs for four species ***,***,***,and *** still have no data in the Fish Base *** addition,new maximum length for each of the three species ***,*** and B.m ino was also found.

关键词：海岸海洋阿拉伯海巴基斯坦鲶鱼体重轻水反应堆体长商业价值

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A Service Level Agreement Aware Online Algorithm for Virtual Machine Migration

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 279-291页

作者： Iftikhar Ahmad Ambreen shahnaz Muhammad Asfand-e-Yar Wajeeha Khalil Yasmin Bano Department of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Engineering and TechnologyPeshawar25120Pakistan Department of Computer Science Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women UniversityPeshawar25000Pakistan Center of Excellence in Artificial Intelligence Department of Computer ScienceBahria UniversityIslamabadPakistan

The demand for cloud computing has increased manifold in the recent *** specifically,on-demand computing has seen a rapid rise as organizations rely mostly on cloud service providers for their day-to-day computing *** cloud service provider fulfills different user requirements using virtualization-where a single physical machine can host multiple *** virtualmachine potentially represents a different user environment such as operating system,programming environment,and ***,these cloud services use a large amount of electrical energy and produce greenhouse *** reduce the electricity cost and greenhouse gases,energy efficient algorithms must be *** specific area where energy efficient algorithms are required is virtual machine *** virtualmachine consolidation,the objective is to utilize the minimumpossible number of hosts to accommodate the required virtual machines,keeping in mind the service level agreement *** research work formulates the virtual machine migration as an online problem and develops optimal offline and online algorithms for the single host virtual machine migration problem under a service level agreement constraint for an over-utilized *** online algorithm is analyzed using a competitive analysis *** addition,an experimental analysis of the proposed algorithm on real-world data is conducted to showcase the improved performance of the proposed algorithm against the benchmark *** proposed online algorithm consumed 25%less energy and performed 43%fewer migrations than the benchmark algorithms.

关键词： Cloud computing green computing online algorithms virtual machine migration

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Microwaves spark emission spectroscopy for the analysis of cations:A simple form of atomic emission spectroscopy

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2011年第9期22卷 1084-1086页

作者： Zahid Hussain Khalid Mohammed khan Khadim Hussain Sadam Hussain shahnaz Perveen Department of Chemistry Abdul Wali Khan UniversityMardanPakistan H.E.J.Research Institute of Chemistry International Center for Chemical and Biological SciencesUniversity of KarachiKarachi 75270Pakistan Department of Chemistry Hazara UniversityMansehraPakistan Department of Electronics Quaid-I-Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan PCSIR Laboratories Complex Shahrah-e-Dr.Salimuzzaman SiddiquiKarachi 75280Pakistan

A novel method for the cation analysis was investigated. The analysis is based on the sparking of the salts of metals in a microwave oven after placing in a graphite cell. The graphite cell absorbs microwaves and produces high temperature which converts the salt into light emitting species. The colour of light was found to dependent on the nature of cation, however, the intensity of the emitted light was found to be depending upon the form and shape of the graphite assembly in addition to the concentration of the salt. This communication presents explanation for all these observations and for the systematic and quantitative analysis using microwave spark emission technique.

关键词： Microwave spark Cation analysis Spark colour Graphite cell Atomic emission

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On the Nature of Caspian Clouds

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2023年第2期37卷 262-272页

作者： Rashedi shahnaz Mohammadi GOLAMHASAN Jahanbakhshasl SAEED Khorshiddoust ALI MOHAMMAD Sorooshian ARMIN Dmitrovic SANJA Tajbar SAPNA Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences University of TabrizEast Azerbaijan51666Iran Climatology Islamic Republic of Iran Meteorological OrganizationEast Azerbaijan Province Central Bureau of MeteorologyTabriz51999Iran James C.Wyant College of Optical Sciences University of ArizonaArizona85721USA Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of ArizonaArizona85721USA

Caspian clouds(CCs)are formed between the southern coast of the Caspian Sea and the Alborz *** purpose of this study is to identify characteristics of CCs using aerosol,cloud,and meteorological data from ModernEra Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications version 2(MERRA-2),Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS),and ECMWF Reanalysis version 5(ERA5)during 2000–*** this period,we identified and investigated 636 days with *** results indicated that the frequency(%)of these clouds was higher in the summer than in other seasons because synoptic system activity varies between hot and cold *** hot season with the beginning of high-pressure subtropical Azores activity and the formation of a stable atmosphere in northern Iran leads to more frequent occurrence of *** clouds are mainly the low-and middle-level clouds in the region,e.g.,stratus and *** resulted in 13.9%of annual rainfall,and 55.9%and 18.7%of the summer and autumn rainfall,respectively,relative to total rainfall from all cloud types in the study *** the multivariate regression analysis,CC precipitation exhibited a strong positive relationship with the cloud water path(CWP),cloud optical thickness(COT),and cloud effective radius(CER).A comparison of the mean and standard deviation of aerosol optical thickness(AOT)and aerosol index(AI)for CC and non-CC days did not show a significant *** of the synoptic patterns showed that the main factors in the formation of CCs are the specific environmental conditions of the region and the orographic lift of stable air *** Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory(HYSPLIT)model indicated that the source of moisture for the formation of CCs was largely the Caspian Sea.

关键词： Caspian clouds south coast of the Caspian Sea Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) aerosol orographic lift Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory(HYSPLIT)model

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Fault Tolerant Suffix Trees

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第1期66卷 157-164页

作者： Iftikhar Ahmad Syed Zulfiqar Ali Shah Ambreen shahnaz Sadeeq Jan Salma Noor Wajeeha Khalil Fazal Qudus khan Muhammad Iftikhar khan Department of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Engineering and TechnologyPeshawar25120Pakistan Department of Computer Science Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women UniversityPeshawar25000Pakistan Department of Information Technology FCITKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyPeshawar25120Pakistan

Classical algorithms and data structures assume that the underlying memory is reliable,and the data remain safe during or after ***,the assumption is perilous as several studies have shown that large and inexpensive memories are vulnerable to bit ***,the correctness of output of a classical algorithm can be threatened by a few memory *** tolerant data structures and resilient algorithms are developed to tolerate a limited number of faults and provide a correct output based on the uncorrupted part of the *** tree is one of the important data structures that has widespread applications including substring search,super string problem and data *** fault tolerant version of the suffix tree presented in the literature uses complex techniques of encodable and decodable error-correcting codes,blocked data structures and fault-resistant *** this work,we use the natural approach of data replication to develop a fault tolerant suffix tree based on the faulty memory random access machine *** proposed data structure stores copies of the indices to sustain memory faults injected by an *** develop a resilient version of the Ukkonen’s algorithm for constructing the fault tolerant suffix tree and derive an upper bound on the number of corrupt suffixes.

关键词： Resilient data structures fault tolerant data structures suffix tree

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A mild and facile method for one pot synthesis of 2,5-di-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles at room temperature

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2008年第6期19卷 639-642页

作者： shahnaz Rostamizadeh Somaye Ghamkhar Department of Chemistry K.N.Toosi University of TechnologyP.O.Box 15875-4416TehranIran

2,5-Di-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles 3a-n have been synthesized as a one pot procedure from the reaction of acid hydrazide 1, acyl halides 2 and phosphorus pentoxide in acetonitrile at room temperature. High yield, sh... 详细信息

关键词： 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Acid hydrazide Acyl halide Phosphorus pentoxide

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Synthesis of N^2-arylaminopyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives via S_NAr amination reaction

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2015年第1期26卷 152-156页

作者： shahnaz Rostamizadeh Masoomeh Nojavan Reza Aryan Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceK.N.Toosi University of Technology Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Zabol

An efficient and high-yielding synthesis of N~2-arylaminopyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives starting from arylamines and 2-methylthio-pyrimidine-5-carbonitriIe derivatives has been developed in the presence of cesium carbonate as basic *** new protocol showed high chemical tolerance for a range of functional groups,and only the methylthio substituent on C2 of the pyrimidine ring was replaced with arylamine derivatives under the reaction conditions.

关键词： N^2-Arylaminopyrimidine-5-carbonitrilederivatives Pyrimidine-5-ca rbonit rile derivatives C-N bond formation SNAr mechanism

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政府干预和学校领导对学生成就的影响——来自巴基斯坦锡亚尔科特地区的证据

政府干预和学校领导对学生成就的影响——来自巴基斯坦锡亚尔科特...

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作者： shahnaz Faheem（娜兹）中南大学

学位级别：硕士

有效的学校领导对提高教育成果和营造积极的校园环境至关重要。在巴基斯坦和其他许多发展中国家,政府干预可以在加强学校领导力以提高教育质量方面发挥关键作用。本研究重点探讨政府干预在巴基斯坦锡亚尔科特的学校领导中的潜在作用。... 详细信息

有效的学校领导对提高教育成果和营造积极的校园环境至关重要。在巴基斯坦和其他许多发展中国家,政府干预可以在加强学校领导力以提高教育质量方面发挥关键作用。本研究重点探讨政府干预在巴基斯坦锡亚尔科特的学校领导中的潜在作用。通过政府干预和加强学校领导力可以提高教育质量和改善学生成绩。在巴基斯坦,教育主要由联邦和省级政府负责。联邦和省级政府负责建立学校、制定课程、确定招生和毕业标准,并提供缺失的设施。在这种情况下,有必要了解强制政策背后的动态,并评估政策执行者。而目前对强制政策的学校领导响应没有得到充分的研究。因此,有必要了解强制策略背后的动态,并重点评估执行者的策略执行效果。本研究假设政府干预对学校领导力有显著影响,优秀的校长知道如何将政策作为机会,创造组织条件和重建学校能力,从而实现增强进步和表现的目标。当然,这些目标不局限于学术成果结果。假设政府干预能显著影响学校的领导力,学校校长可以利用政策机遇创造组织条件和重建学校,进而提高绩效和获取包含学业成绩在内的多方面进步。此外,学校校长也会对班主任产生积极的影响。例如,建立一个协作式的环境,有效地实施改革。领导者的人性化举措,调动他们的领导和管理能力,在以尊重、合作和同理心为标志的专业学习社区中建立信任并分享专业知识。从期望-价值理论和资源基础观的角度看,这种方式有助于生产性合作。本研究采用定量研究法,探讨政府干预对学校领导和学生成绩的影响,以有效实施变革和改革计划。首先,假设学校领导对学生成绩有积极影响。如,校长主要通过领导活动和影响力间接促进学生学习,尤其是通过建立有利于促进专业学习社区和提高教学和学习质量的结构、社会文化和关系过程。其次,本研究从巴基斯坦工业城市锡亚尔科特地区不同公立学校的213名学校领导中收集数据,通过分析Lisrel 8.8结构方程建模,并从巴基斯坦工业城市之一锡亚尔科特地区的不同公立学校中收集213个学校领导的数据集。分析结果确定了政府干预对学校领导及其对学生成绩表现的影响的强大潜力。结论可得,政府干预和学校领导(校长和班主任)呈正相关。此外,本研究结果支持了我们的假设,即当政府提供足够的资源、适当的基础设施和合格的专业人员时,学校领导将有助于提高学生学习成绩。然而,校长对班主任没有影响,这与我们假设校长对班主任产生重大影响的假设相矛盾。本研究基于期望值理论,强调学习动机在学业成就中的作用。在教育中,期望值理论可以理解学生的动机、参与度和成就等因素是如何影响他们对自己的能力和学业目标的感知价值。政府干预和学校领导可以通过提高学生的期望和提供资源,创造重视学习的学校文化,来影响并帮助学生取得成功,正文共26653字,参考文献77篇

关键词：政府干预学校校长班主任学生成绩表现期望-价值理论

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Zinc chloride catalyzed synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles under solvent free condition

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2009年第11期20卷 1311-1314页

作者： shahnaz Rostamizadeh Hamid Ghaieni Reza Aryan Ali Amani Department of Chemistry Faculty of SciencesK.N.Toosi University of TechnologyP.O.Box:15875-4416TehranIran Faculty of Material and Chemical Engineering Malek Ashtar University of TechnologyTehranIran Department of Chemistry Faculty of SciencesK.N.Toosi University of Technology P.O.Box:15875-4416TehranIran

Zinc chloride is an efficient and safe catalyst in the [3 ＋ 2] cycloaddition reaction of organic nitriles with sodium azide in solventless condition. The corresponding 5-substituted ^1H tetrazoles were obtained under mild conditions. This method can overcome disadvantages such as： the use of toxic metals and expensive reagents, drastic reaction conditions, water sensitivity and the presence of dangerous hydrazoic acid.

关键词： 5-Substituted ^1H-tetrazoles Zinc chloride Sodium azide Solvent free

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