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Decoding molecular mechanisms:brain aging and Alzheimer's disease

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2279-2299页

作者： Mahnoor Hayat Rafay Ali Syed Hammad Qaiser Mohammad Uzair Khalid Al-Regaiey Roaa Khallaf Lubna Abdullah Mohammed Albassam Imdad Kaleem Xueyi Wang Ran Wang Mehwish SBhatti shahid.bashir Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences(ASAB) National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)IslamabadPakistan Department of Biotechnology Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Basic&Applied SciencesInternational Islamic University Islamabad(IIUI)IslamabadPakistan Department of Bioengineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahranSaudi Arabia Department of Physiology College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Neurology Neuroscience CenterKing Fahad Specialist HospitalDammamSaudi Arabia Department of Mental Health Neuroscience CenterKing Fahad Specialist HospitalDammamSaudi Arabia Department of Biosciences Commission on Science and Technology for Sustainable Development in the South(COMSATS University)IslamabadPakistan Department of Psychiatry The First Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina Mental Health Institute of Hebei Medical University ShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina Department of Neurobiology and Behavior University of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA Neuroscience Center King Fahad Specialist Hospital DammamDammamSaudi Arabia

The complex morphological,anatomical,physiological,and chemical mechanisms within the aging brain have been the hot topic of research for *** aging process alters the brain structure that affects functions and cognitions,but the worsening of such processes contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders,such as Alzheimer's *** these observable,mild morphological shifts,significant functional modifications in neurotransmission and neuronal activity critically influence the aging *** these changes is important for maintaining cognitive health,especially given the increasing prevalence of age-related conditions that affect *** review aims to explore the age-induced changes in brain plasticity and molecular processes,differentiating normal aging from the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease,thereby providing insights into predicting the risk of dementia,particularly Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease brain aging cognitive health dementia molecular mechanisms neuronal activity neuroplasticity neurotransmission

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Hydrogeochemistry of the Winder River and adjoining tributaries, Balochistan, Pakistan

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2007年第3期26卷 259-266页

作者： Erum bashir shahid Naseem Salma Hamza Department of Geology University of Karachi Pakistan Federal Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology Karachi Pakistan

Quantitative estimation of ground and stream waters draining through sedimentary rocks of the Pab and Mor ranges (Jurassic-Cretaceous) and the Bela ophiolite has been made. The degree of correspondence among cations and anions has been estimated in order to evaluate their mutual relationships. The abundance of major ions is interpreted to be related to bedrocks and climatic conditions, which may contribute to the genetic affiliation. The log TDS and Na/Na+Ca ratio reflected supremacy of weathering of rocks with some influence of evaporation. Ionic relationship is exhibited in the form of Stiff diagrams. Patterns of ionic composition revealed high NaCl, medium Ca(HCO3)2 and low MgSO4. Piper diagram has been used to classify the hydrofacies. The important hydrogeochemical parameters have been estimated for assessment of groundwater quality for domestic purposes in accordance to WHO. Irrigation water qualities have been evaluated in terms of EC, SAR, RSC, ESP and pH.

关键词：水文地球化学水质量变体巴基斯坦

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Why is graphene an extraordinary material? A review based on a decade of research

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2022年第2期16卷 1-39页

作者： Sachin Sharma Ashok KUMAR shahid.bashir Kasi RAMESH Subramaniam RAMESH Centre for Ionics University of Malaya Department of PhysicsFaculty of ScienceUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Higher Institution Centre of Excellence(HICoE) UM Power Energy Dedicated Advanced Centre(UMPEDAC)Level 4Wisma R&DUniversiti MalayaJalan Pantai BaharuKuala Lumpur 59990Malaysia

During this decade,graphene which is a thin layer of carbon material along at ease with synthesis and functionalization has become a hot topic of research owing to excellent mechanical strength,very good current density,high thermal conductivity,superior electrical conductivity,large surface area,and good electron *** research on graphene has exponentially accelerated specially when Geim and Novoselov developed and analyzed *** this basis,for industrial application,researchers are exploring different techniques to produce high-quality ***,reviewed in this article is a brief introduction to graphene and its derivatives along with some of the methods developed to synthesize graphene and its prospective applications in both research and *** this work,recent advances on applications of graphene in various fields such as sensors,energy storage,energy harvesting,high-speed optoelectronics,supercapacitors,touch-based flexible screens,and organic light emitting diode displays have been summarized.

关键词： graphene graphene oxide electrochemical sensor fuel cell supercapacitor dye-sensitized fuel cell lithium battery energy storage

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Weathering and accumulation of trace elements in the soils of the Porali Plain, Balochistan: repercussions in agriculture

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 214-234页

作者： Maria Kaleem Erum bashir shahid Naseem Tahir Rafique Bushra Shahab Department of Geology University of KarachiKarachi 75270Pakistan Applied Chemistry Research Centre PCSIR Laboratories ComplexKarachi 75280Pakistan

This study is theﬁrst attempt to assess the nature of the soil,especially on the western side of the Porali Plain in Balochistan;a new emerging agriculture hub,using weathering and pollution indices supplemented by multi-variate analysis based on geochemical *** outcomes of this study are expected to help farmers in soil manage-ment and selecting suitable crops for the ***-ﬁve soil samples were collected,mainly from the arable land of the Porali *** drying and coning-quarter-ing,soil samples were analyzed for major and trace ele-ments using the XRF technique;sieving and hydrometric methods were employed for granulometric ***-mated data were analyzed using Excel,SPSS,and Surfer software to calculate various indices,correlation matrix,and spatial *** granulometric analysis showed that 76%of the samples belonged to loam types of soil,12%to sand type,and 8%to silt *** indices:CIA,CIW,PIA,PWI,WIP,CIX,and ICV were calculated to infer the level of *** indices reﬂect mod-erate to intense weathering;supported by K_(2)O/AI_(2)O_(3),Rb/K_(2)O,Rb/Ti,and Rb/Sr *** of the geo-ac-cumulation and Nemerow Pollution indices pinpoint rela-tively high concentrations of Pb,Ni,and Cr concentration in the *** correlation matrix and Principal Compo-nent Analysis show that the soil in this study area is mainly derived from the weathering of igneous rocks of Bela Ophiolite(Cretaceous age)and Jurassic sedimentary rocks of Mor Range having SEDEX/MVT type *** may result in the undesirable accumulation of certain trace elements which adversely affects crops.

关键词： Weathering indices Pollution indices Accumulation Repercussions Trace elements Multivariate analyses Porali Plain Balochistan

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Isolation Enhancement in a Compact Four-Element MIMO Antenna for Ultra-Wideband Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 911-925页

作者： Awais Khan shahid.bashir Salman Ghafoor Hatem Rmili Jawad Mirza Ammar Ahmad Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyPeshawar25000Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering University of Science and TechnologyBannu28100Pakistan School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science(SEECS) National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)Islamabad44000Pakistan Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia SEECS Photonic Research Group National University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabad44000Pakistan

Mutual coupling reduction or isolation enhancement in antenna arrays is an important area of research as it severely affects the performance of an *** this paper,a new type of compact and highly isolated Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output(MIMO)antenna for ultra-wideband(UWB)applications is *** design consists of four radiators that are orthogonally positioned and confined to a compact 40×40×0.8 mm3 *** final antenna design uses an inverted L shape partial ground to produce an acceptable reflection coefficient(S1120 db for majority of the UWB *** antenna was fabricated and tested with the vector network analyzer(VNA)and in an anechoic chamber for scattering parameters and radiation ***,different MIMO diversity performance metrics are also measured to validate the proposed *** simulation results and the experimental results from the constructed model agree quite *** proposed antenna is compared with similar designs in recently published literature for various performance *** of its low envelope correlation coefficient(ECC9.99 dB),peak gain of 4.6 dB,reduced channel capacity loss(CCL<0.4 b/s/Hz),and average radiation efficiency of over 85%,the proposed MIMO antenna is ideally suited for practical UWB applications.

关键词： Multiple input multiple output antennas envelope correlation coefficient defected ground structure ultra wide band diversity gain

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Rational manipulation of electrolyte to induce homogeneous SEI on hard carbon anode for sodium-ion battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 414-429页

作者： Lu Liu Lingling Xiao Zhi Sun shahid.bashir Ramesh Kasi Yonghong Gu Ramesh Subramaniam Research Center for Clean Utilization Technology Phosphorous Resources Hubei Three Gorges PolytechnicYichang 443000HubeiChina Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia UM Power Energy Dedicated Advanced Centre(UMPEDAC) Level 4Wisma R&DUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 59990Malaysia Department of Chemistry Saveetha School of EngineeringInstitute of Medical and Technical ScienceSaveetha UniversityChennai 602105TamilnaduIndia

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have great potential to be the next major energy storage devices due to their obvious advantages and developing advanced electrodes and electrolytes is urgently necessary to promote its future ***,hard carbon as a state-of-the-art anode of SIBs still suffers from the low initial Coulomb efficiency and unsatisfactory rate capability,which could be improved by forming desirable solid electrolyte interphases (SEI) to some ***,the chemistry and morphology of these interfacial layers are fundamental parameters affecting the overall battery operation,and optimizing the electrolyte to dictate the quality of SEI on hard carbon is a key ***,this review summarizes the recent research on SEI design by electrolyte manipulation from solvents,salts,and *** also presents some potential mechanisms of SEI formation in various electrolyte ***,the current advanced characterization techniques for electrolyte and SEI structure analyses have been comprehensively ***,current challenges and future perspectives of SEI formation on hard carbon anode for SIBs are provided from the viewpoints of its compositions,evolution processes,structures,and characterization techniques,which will promote SEI efficient manipulation and improve the performance of hard carbon,and further contribute to the development of SIBs.

关键词： SEI Electrolyte optimization Hard carbon Electrochemical performance Sodium-ion batteries

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Biogeochemical evaluation of Nannorrhops ritchiana: A Mg-flora from Khuzdar, Balochistan, Pakistan

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2005年第4期24卷 327-337页

作者： Sadaf Naseem shahid Naseem Erum bashir Khaula Shirin Shamim A. Sheikh Department of Geology University of Karachi Karachi 75270 PakistanDepartment of Geology University of Karachi Karachi 75270 PakistanDepartment of Geology University of Karachi Karachi 75270 PakistanPCSIR Laboratories Complex off University Road Karachi PakistanDepartment of Geology University of Karachi Karachi 75270 Pakistan

Nannorrhops ritchiana (Mazari Palm) is a distinctive flora growing in the Saharo-Sindian region. It is well distributed on the ultramafic soil, derived from the Bela Ophiolite in the Khuzdar District, Balochistan, Pakistan. Quantitative estimation of Ca, Mg, Fe and Ni in soil and plant ash has been carried out. The constituents of plant ash have been discussed in relation to soil chemistry, pH, climate, mobility, average abundance in plant ash and exclusion mechanism of the flora. Relationship among Ca, Mg, Fe and Ni has been established using scattergrams to evaluate the biogeochemistry of the plant. High contents of Mg and high coefficient of biological absorption allow it to be classed as Mg-flora. Both Ca and Fe appeared to be antagonistic to Mg. The metal assemblage of N. ritchiana nicely reflected the nature of the bed rock as being serpentinized ultramafic, and its corresponding soils. Good exclusion mechanism of N. ritchiana did not allow it to absorb high Ni from the soil. Relatively high concentrations of Ni in N. ritchiana from the Baran Lak area can be used to localize Ni-mineralization in the study area.; Statistical analyses, such as minimum, maximum, mean, mode, median, standard deviations, and coefficient of correlation, were also made to improve raw geochemical data and interpretations.

关键词：巴基斯坦生物化学超碱土壤土壤化学

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Geochemistry and Depositional Setting of Fort Munro Formation,Middle and Lower Indus Basins,Pakistan

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Journal of China University of Geosciences 2005年第2期16卷 160-169页

作者： shahid Naseem Shamim Ahmed Sheikh Erum bashir Khaula Shirin Department of Geology University of KarachiKarachi Pakistan Department of GeologyUniversity of KarachiKarachi Pakistan Department of GeologyUniversity of KarachiKarachi Pakistan PCSIR Lab.ComplexKarachi Pakistan

Fort Munro Formation represents the products of the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) in the middle and lower Indus basins. The formation is exposed in the Rakhi Nala (Sulaiman Range), Bara Nala (Lakhi Range) and Naka Pabni (Southern Pab Range) areas. Major and trace elemental geochemistry and petrographic studies of the formation have been carried out to understand the facies trends in the middle and lower Indus basins. A high amount of acid-insoluble fraction, Ca/Mg and Mg vs. Ca/Sr ratio reveal that the formation was deposited in a shallow marine regressive environment. High amounts of clastic reflect abundant influx of terrigenous materials from the east (Indian craton) and west (Bibai volcanic). High Sr content indicates that aragonite was the precursor mineral, which was transformed into stable low-Mg calcite during diagenesis. Enrichment of Cu and Zn contents in the samples of the formation implies the influence of volcanic activity and that they were incorporated into the calcite lattice in the late phase.

关键词： geochemistry depositional setting Fort Munro Formation middle and lower Indus basins

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Detection of Omicron Caused Pneumonia from Radiology Images Using Convolution Neural Network(CNN)

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 3743-3761页

作者： Arfat Ahmad Khan Malik Muhammad Ali shahid Rab Nawaz bashir Salman Iqbal Arshad Shehzad Ahmad shahid Javeria Maqbool Chitapong Wechtaisong College of Computing Khon Kaen UniverityKhon Kaen40000Thailand Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadVehari61100Pakistan Department of Petroleum&Gas Engineering University of Engineering&Technology54890Pakistan Electrical Engineering Department SBASSELahore University of Management SciencesLahore54890Pakistan School of Telecommunication Engineering Suranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratchasima30000Thailand

COVID-19 disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has created social and economic disruption across *** ability of the COVID-19 virus to quickly mutate and transfer has created serious concerns across the *** is essential to detectCOVID-19 infection caused by different variants to take preventive measures *** existing method of detection of infections caused by COVID-19 and its variants is costly and *** impacts of theCOVID-19 pandemic in developing countries are very drastic due to the unavailability of medical facilities and infrastructure to handle the *** is the major symptom of COVID-19 *** radiology of the lungs in varies in the case of bacterial pneumonia as compared to COVID-19-caused *** pattern of pneumonia in lungs in radiology images can also be used to identify the cause associated with *** this paper,we propose the methodology of identifying the cause(either due to COVID-19 or other types of infections)of pneumonia from radiology ***,because different variants of COVID-19 lead to different patterns of pneumonia,the proposed methodology identifies pneumonia,the COVID-19 caused pneumonia,and Omicron caused pneumonia from the radiology *** fulfill the above-mentioned tasks,we have used three Convolution Neural Networks(CNNs)at each stage of the proposed *** results unveil that the proposed step-by-step solution enhances the accuracy of pneumonia detection along with finding its cause,despite having a limited dataset.

关键词： COVID-19 pneumonia radiology images omicron convolution neural network(CNN) microscopy

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A Novel Compact Highly Isolated UWB MIMO Antenna with WLAN Notch

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 669-681页

作者： Muhammad Awais shahid.bashir Awais Khan Muhammad Asif Nasim Ullah Hend I.Alkhammash Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyPeshawar25000Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering University of Science and TechnologyBannu28100Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering Taif UniversityAl-HawiyahTaifP.O.Box 888Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia

This paper presents a compact Multiple Input Multiple Output(MIMO)antenna with WLAN band notch for Ultra-Wideband(UWB)*** antenna is designed on 0.8mmthick low-cost FR-4 substrate having a compact size of 22mm×30 *** proposed antenna comprises of two monopole patches on the top layer of substrate while having a shared ground on its bottom *** mutual coupling between adjacent patches has been reduced by using a novel stub with shared ground *** stub consists of complementary rectangular slots that disturb the surface current direction and thus result in reducing mutual coupling between two ports.A slot is etched in the radiating patch for WLAN band *** slot is used to suppress frequencies ranging from 5.1 to 5.9 *** results show that the proposed antenna has a very good impedance bandwidth of|S11|9.98).

关键词： Multiple input multiple output(MIMO) ultra-wide band(UWB) defected ground structure envelope correlation coefficient diversity gain

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