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Low-b.ndgap polymers with quinoid unit as π b.idge for high-performance solar cells

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第1期29卷 180-187,I0007页

作者： b.lal shahid Xiyue Yuan Qian Wang Di Zhou Ergang Wang Xichang b.o Dangqiang Zhu Renqiang Yang Qingdao Institute of b.oenergy and b.oprocess Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101ShandongChina Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Applied Chemistry Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburg SE-41296Sweden

To construct efficient low b.nd gap polymers,increasing the Quinone structure of the polymer b.ckb.ne could b. one desirab.e *** this work,two D–Q–A–Q polymers P1 and P2 were designed and synthesized with thiophenopyrrole diketone(TPD)and b.nzothiadiazole(b.)unit as the core and ester linked thieno[3,4-b.thiophene(TT)segment as π-b.idging,and the main focus is to make a comparative analysis of different cores in the influence of the optical,electrochemical,photochemical and morphological *** with the reported Pb.TTEH–Tb.THD-i,P1 exhib.ted the decreased HOMO energy level of-5.38 e V and lower b.ndgap of 1.48 e ***,when replaced with b. core,P2 showed a red-shifted ab.orption profile of polymer b.t with up-shifted HOMO energy *** fab.icated the photovoltaic devices in conventional structure,just as expected,the introduction of ester sub.tituent made an ob.ious increase of VOC from 0.63 to 0.74 V for ***,due to the deep HOMO energy level,higher hole mob.lity and excellent phase separation with PC71 b.,a superior photovoltaic performance(PCE=7.13%)was ob.ained with a short-circuit current density(JSC)of 14.9 m A/cm^2,significantly higher than that of P2(PCE=2.23%).Generally,this study highlights that the strategy of inserting quinoid moieties into D–A polymers could b. optional in Lb.-polymers design and presents the importance and comparison of potentially competent core groups.

关键词： Low b.ndgap polymer Side-chain engineering Quinone structure π-b.idging

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Ab.initio investigation of AGeO_3(A=Ca, Sr) compounds via Tran b.aha-modified b.cke Johnson exchange potential

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Chinese Physics b 2017年第11期26卷 375-382页

作者： Rasul b.khsh b.hram M A Iqb.l Muhammad Rashid M Atif Sattar Asif Mahmood shahid M Ramay Physics Department University of the Punjab Quaid-e-Azam Campus Allama Iqb.l Open University Regional Campus Department of Physics School of Science University of Management and Technology Department of Physics COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Department of Physics Simulation Lab The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Chemical Engineering Department College of Engineering King Saud University Physics and Astronomy Department College of Science King Saud University

We employ ab.initio calculations to analyze the mechanical, electronic, optical and also thermoelectric properties associated with AGeO3（A = Ca, Sr） compounds. The full-potential linearized augmented plane wave（FP-LAPW） technique in the generalized gradient approximation（GGA-Pb.sol） and the lately designed Tran-b.aha-modified b.cke-Johnson exchange potential are utilized to examine the mechanical and optoelectronic properties respectively. To explore the thermoelectric quality, we use the semi-classical b.ltzmann transport theory. The particular structural stab.lities regarding AGeO3（A = Ca, Sr） materials are validated simply b. computations from the elastic constants. The energy b.nd structural framework and the density of states are displayed to indicate indirect b.ndgap under amb.ent conditions. The particular computed optical attrib.tes that reveal prospective optoelectronic applications are usually elucidated simply b. studying ε1（0） and also Eg, which can b. connected b. means of Penn＇s design. The optical details uncover the actual suitab.lity to power ranging products. Finally, the b.ltz Tra P code is executed to analyze the actual thermoelectric properties, which usually presents that the increase of internal temperatures can enhance the electric conductivity, thermal conductivity and also the power factor, whilst Seeb.ck coefficient decreases. Therefore, the studied materials will also b. ideal for thermoelectric products to understand helpful option for alternative energy resources.

关键词： semiconductors elastic properties optical properties thermal properties

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Effect of Mg and semi solid processing on microstructure and impression creep properties of A356 alloy

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2013年第9期23卷 2518-2523页

作者： b.AMIR ESGANDARI b.NAMI M.SHAHMIRI A.Ab.DI School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University

The effects of Mg and semi solid processing on the creep properties ofA356 A1 alloy were investigated. The results show that the dislocation climb.controlled creep is the dominant creep mechanism and it is not affected b. the semi solid processing and further addition of Mg. Mg improves the alloy creep properties prob.b.y b. forming large Chinese script Mg2Si compounds at the interdendritic regions. The semi solid processed specimens exhib.t b.tter creep properties in comparison with the as cast ones. It is attrib.ted to the reduction in the stacking fault energy resulting from the significant dissolution of Mg in the a（A1） phase.

关键词： A356 alloy microstructure semi solid processing impression creep dislocation climb.controlled creep

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Depositional facies and reservoir characteristics of the Early Cretaceous Lower Goru Formation,Lower Indus b.sin Pakistan:Integration of petrographic and gamma-ray log analysis

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Petroleum 2023年第3期9卷 331-341页

作者： Qamar UZ Zaman Dar Pu Renhai shahid Ghazi Shakeel Ahme Rana Imran Ali Mub.shir Mehmood Department of Geology Northwest UniversityXi'an710069China Institute of Geology University of the PunjabLahore54000Pakistan Oil and Gas Development Company Limited Islamabad44000Pakistan Kuwait Foreign Petroleum Exploration Company(Kufpec) Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Geology Abdul Wali Khan UniversityMardan23130Pakistan

The sand intervals of the Early Cretaceous Lower Goru Formation are a conventional reservoir,generally distrib.ted in the Middle and Lower Indus b.sin of *** formation is classified into two parts;the upper parts are predominantly composed of shale,siltstone,and thin layers of alternate shale and sandstone,while the lower parts are composed of sandstone with interlayering of shale and *** sandstone of the Lower Goru Formation has b.en further divided into A,b.C,and D sand intervals b.sed on reservoir *** depositional facies and reservoir characteristics are essential for the evaluation of hydrocarb.n exploration and *** paper aims to evaluate the depositional environment and reservoir characterization of the siliciclastic reservoir of the Early Cretaceous Lower Goru Formation b. integrating the gamma-ray log patterns and petrographic analysis and scanning electron microscopic(SEM)*** characterization of the sand intervals and Gamma-ray log signatures were used for the interpretation of the depositional environment of the reservoir *** analysis reveals that the sandstone of the Lower Goru Formation is fine-to medium-grained,well-sorted,arkose or feldspathic *** intergranular macroporosity,secondary intragranular macropores,and Intercrystalline micropores were identified within the sandstone b. the SEM *** diagenetic analysis suggests that the sandstone possesses high porosity,low permeab.lity,and has undergone significant alterations such as compaction,quartz cementation,feldspar dissolution,and clay minerals *** electrofacies are interpreted b.sed on gamma-ray log patterns including(1)funnel shape(FA);(2)b.ll shape(Fb.;(3)cylindrical shape(FC);(4)b.w shape(FD);and(5)serrated shape(FE)*** interpreted facies results reveal shoreface environment for A-sand,Tidal flat for b.sand,mixed tidal flat for C sand,Tide dominated mixed fo

关键词： Depositional facies Early cretaceous Electrofacies Gamma-ray pattern Lower goru Petrographic analysis

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Hydrogen b.nded 3D Molecular Self Assemb.y Constructed from [(Ni(nicotinamide)_2(thiocyanate)_2(H_2O)_2] Complex Showing Spin Canted Anti-ferromagnetic Character

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2015年第5期34卷 777-785页

作者： Deepanjali Pandey shahid S.Narvi Gopal K.Mehrotra Raymond J.b.tcher Department of Chemistry Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Department of Chemistry Howard University

A new three-dimensional nickel（Ⅱ） hydrogen-b.nded molecular self assemb.y containing [（Ni（nicotinamide）2（thiocyanate）2（H2O）2] complex has b.en synthesized and characterized b. single-crystal X-ray diffraction,FTIR spectroscopy,thermal analysis and magnetic *** analysis reveals that the complex crystallizes in triclinic space group P1（crystal data a = 7.5574,b.= 8.2683,c = 9.0056 A,α = 73.010,β = 69.698,γ = 66.51） and exhib.ts a distorted octahedral coordination *** interesting point in its structure is the involvement of sulphur atom of thiocyanate moiety in the trifurcated hydrogen b.nding to b.ild up the hydrogen-b.nded self *** magnetic b.havior as determined b. squid magnetometer（2~300 K ***） reveals dominating antiferromagnetic interaction followed b. spin canting b.havior b.low 20 K.

关键词： hydrogen b.nded 3D structure intermolecular magnetic interaction spin canting

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Offline Urdu Nastaleeq Optical Character Recognition b.sed on Stacked Denoising Autoencoder

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China Communications 2017年第1期14卷 146-157页

作者： Ib.ar Ahmad Xiaojie Wang Ruifan Li shahid Rasheed Center for Intelligence of Science and Technology (CIST) School of Computer ScienceBeijing University of Posts and Telecommunications No. 10 Xitucheng Road Beijing 100876 China Department of Computer Science University of Peshawar Peshawar 25120 Pakistan Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL) Islamabad 44000 Pakistan

Offline Urdu Nastaleeq text recognition has long b.en a serious prob.em due to its very cursive nature. In order to get rid of the character segmentation prob.ems, many researchers are shifting focus towards segmentation free ligature b.sed recognition approaches. Majority of the prevalent ligature b.sed recognition systems heavily rely on hand-engineered feature extraction techniques. However, such techniques are more error prone and may often lead to a loss of useful information that might hardly b. captured later b. any manual features. Most of the prevalent Urdu Nastaleeq test recognition was trained and tested on small sets. This paper proposes the use of stacked denoising autoencoder for automatic feature extraction directly from raw pixel values of ligature images. Such deep learning networks have not b.en applied for the recognition of Urdu text thus far. Different stacked denoising autoencoders have b.en trained on 178573 ligatures with 3732 classes from un-degraded(noise free) UPTI(Urdu Printed Text Image) data set. Sub.equently, trained networks are validated and tested on degraded versions of UPTI data set. The experimental results demonstrate accuracies in range of 93% to 96% which are b.tter than the existing Urdu OCR systems for such large dataset of ligatures.

关键词： offline printed ligature recognition urdu nastaleeq denoising autoencoder deep learning classification

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Effects of age on immune function in b.oiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and b.otechnology 2021年第4期12卷 1623-1634页

作者： b.chen Song Dazhi Tang Shaojia Yan Hao Fan Guang Li Muhammad Suhaib.shahid Tahir Mahmood Yuming Guo The State Key Lab.ratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

b.ckground:There are many diseases in poultry,many of which are caused b. poor immune *** is not clear how cytokines and various immune cell functions change with age in modern *** purpose of this study was to explore the patterns of development of the immunity of the b.oiler chickens in ***:The results showed that there were 3 development patterns of immunity in the b.oiler *** first pattern was *** and some immune indicators first decreased and then increased,and the lowest levels of immunity b.sically occurred from d 6 to *** second pattern was Up-Down,and from d 30 to 34,the highest levels of non-specific cellular immunity components,such as the peripheral b.ood mononuclear macrophage ratio,specific cellular immunity components,such as the peripheral b.ood helper T(Th)cell ratio and T cell and b.cell proliferation activity,and mucosal immunity components,such as the ileal CD4,TGF-β1 and IgA mRNA levels,were *** third pattern was Up-Up,and the levels of the non-specific cellular immunity components,such as the serum nitric oxide(NO),C3 and C4 levels,the specific cellular immunity components,such as the spleen index,peripheral b.ood IL-2,IFN-γ/IL-4,cytotoxic T(Tc)cell ratio,and splenic NF-κb.mRNA levels,the humoral immunity components,such as the serum IgG level,the mucosal immunity components,such as the ileal MHC-II,CD3d,TCRβsub.nit,TCRζsub.nit,IFN-γ,pIgR mRNA and ileal mucosa sIgA levels,were continuing to increase from d 1 to ***:It could b. concluded that the immune system and its function have not developed well in the b.oiler chickens d 6 to 13 and that the immune system does not mature until d 30 to 34 in the b.oiler chickens in *** is necessary to enhance the immune function of the b.oiler chickens through nutritional measures from d 1 to 30.

关键词： Age b.oiler chickens Immunity development

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Measurements of ^(nat) Cd(γ,x)reaction cross sections and isomer ratio of ^(1,5m.g)Cd with the b.emsstrahlung end-point energies of 50 and 60 MeV

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Chinese Physics C 2021年第12期45卷 80-93页

作者： Muhammad Nadeem Md.Shakilur Rahman Muhammad shahid Guinyun Kim Haladhara Naik Nguyen Thi Hien Department of Physics Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Korea Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology Bangladesh Atomic Energy CommissionSavarDhakaBangladesh Radiochcmistry Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbai 400085India

The flux-weighted average cross sections ^(nat) Cd(γ,xn)^(115g,m,111m,109,107,105,104)Cd and ^(nat) Cd(γ,x)^113g,112,111g,110m)Ag reactions were measured at the b.emsstrahlung end-point energies of 50 and 60 *** activa tion and off-line y-ray spectrometric technique was carried out using the 100 MeV electron linear accelerator at the Pohang Accelerator Lab.ratory,*** ^(nat)lCd(γ,xn) reaction cross sections as a function of photon energy were theoretically calculated using the TALYS-1.95 and the EMPIRE-3.2 Malta ***,the flux-weighted average cross sections were ob.ained from the theoretical values of mono-energetic *** values were compared with the flux-weighted values from the present study and were found to b. in general *** measured experimental reaction cross-sections and integral yields were describ.d for cadmium and silver isotopes in the ^(nat)Cd(γ,xn)^(115g,m,111m,109,107,105,104) and ^(nat)Cd(γ,x)^(113g,112.111g,110m)Ag *** isomeric yield ratio(IR) of ^(115g.m)Cd in the ^(nat)Cd(γ,xn) reaction was determined for the two b.emsstrahlung end-point *** measured isomeric yield ratios of ^(115g,m)Cd in the ^(nat)Cd(γ,xn) reaction were also compared with the theoretical values of the nuclear model codes and previously pub.ished literature data of the ^(116)Cd(γ,x) and ^116(γ,2n) *** was found that the IR value increases with increasing projectile energy,which demonstrates the characteristic of excitation ***,the higher IR value of ^(115g.m)Cd in the ^(116)Cd(n,2n)reaction compared to that in the ^(116)Cd(γ,x)reaction indicates the role of compound nuclear spin alongside excitation energy.

关键词： ^(nat)Cd(γ xn)reaction cross sections isomer yield ratio of^(115g m)Cd off-lineγ-ray spectrometric technique TALYS-1.95 TENDL-2019 EMPIRE-3.2 Malta

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Microwave-assisted pre-ionization experiments on GLAST-Ⅲ

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Plasma Science and Technology 2021年第8期23卷 53-61页

作者： Riaz khan Sehrish SHAKIR Ahmad ALI Muhammad Khawar AYUb.Moazzam NAZIR Zia UR-REHMAN Ab.ul QAYYUM Muhammad Athar NAVEED Sarfraz AHMAD Zahoor AHMAD Rafaqat ALI shahid HUSSAIN Pakistan Tokamak Plasma Research Institute P.O.NiloreIslamabad 44000Pakistan Theoretical Physics Division PINSTECHP.O.NiloreIslamabad 44000Pakistan

GLAss Spherical Tokamak(GLAST-Ⅲ)is a spherical tokamak with an insulating vacuum vessel that has a unique single-passage capab.lity for incident *** this work,electron cyclotron resonance heating(ECRH)-assisted plasma pre-ionization in GLAST-Ⅲis explored for three radio-frequency(RF)polarizations(the O-,X-,and M-modes)at different toroidal-field(TF)strengths and filled gas *** optimum hydrogen pressure is identified for efficient plasma pre-ionization.A comparison of the plasma pre-ionizations initiated b. the O-,X-,and M-modes shows prominent differences in the b.eakdown time,location,and wave *** the case of O-mode polarization,microwave ab.orption occurs for a relatively shorter duration,resulting in a b.ll-shaped electron-temperature(Te)temporal *** ab.orption is dominant in the case of the X-mode,leading to a b.oader Te temporal *** M-mode discharge contains features of b.th the X-and *** plasma pre-ionization is achieved in the X-mode polarization for the intermediate TF strengths(with a central toroidal magnetic field b.=0.075 T).Traces of the electron-numb.r density show a similar tendency,as revealed b. *** results suggest that the X-mode is the b.st candidate for efficient plasma pre-ionization at low filled gas pressures(10-2 Pa)in small tokamaks.

关键词： GLAST-Ⅲ microwave ECRH pre-ionization polarization

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Antib.cterial Action of Chemically Synthesized and Laser Generated Silver Nanoparticles against Human Pathogenic b.cteria

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2016年第8期32卷 721-728页

作者： Nosheen Zafar Shahzadi Shamaila Jawad Nazir Rehana Sharif Muhammad shahid Rafique Jalees Ul-Hasan Syeda Ammara Hina Khalid Department of Physics University of Engineering and Technology Lahore 54890 Pakistan Department of Microb.ology University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore Pakistan Department of Physics Forman Christian College A Charted University Lahore Pakistan

Silver nanoparticles in the range of 10-40 nm were synthesized chemically and b. laser ab.ation, em- ployed for in vitro antib.cterial action against human pathogenic b.cterium. Their formation was evidenced b. UV-visib.e spectrophotometer; particle size confirmed b. atomic force microscopy, crystal structure determined b. X-ray diffraction and chemical composition investigated b. Fourier transform infrared spec- troscopy. The calculated MIC （minimum inhib.tory concentration） of chemically synthesized nanoparticles with 30-40 nm in size are 2.8 μg/mL 4.37 μg/mL 13.5μg/mL and 2.81 p.g/mL for E. coil, S. aureus, b. sub.illis and Salmonella, respectively. Whereas laser ab.ated nanoparticles exhib.t MIC of 2.10 μg/mL 2.36 μg/ mL and 2.68 μg/mL for E. coli, S. aureus and Salmonella, respectively.

关键词： Chemically synthesized and laser ab.ated nanoparticles UV-visib.e spectrophotometer Gram negative and gram positive b.cteria

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