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Associations betw.en Vitamin D and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Role of Vitamin D Receptor and Binding Protein

Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2020年第4期10卷 222-235页

作者： Eman S. Arafat Inass M. Taha shahad w. kattan Nouf Abubakr Babteen Iman Faw.y Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Departement Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University Al-Minufya Egypt Medicine Department College of Medicine Taibah University Medina KSA Medical Laboratory Department College of Applied Medical Science Taibah University Yanbu KSA Biochemistry Department Faculty of Science University of Jeddah Jeddah KSA Mansoura Central Laboratories Ministry of Health Mansoura Egypt

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease that is characterized by β-cell dysfunction and resistance for insulin. Vitamin D is necessary for insulin secretion so it is a crucial factor in the development of T2DM. This study w.s done to investigate the association betw.en serum 25-hydroxy Vitamin D [25(OH)3D], VDR (Vitamin D receptor) and VDBP (Vitamin D binding protein) w.th type 2 diabetic patients compared to control subjects. Subjects and Methods: This study carried out 110 female patients w.o w.re previously diagnosed w.th type 2 diabetes and 110 age, sex and w.ight matched as controls. All participants w.re subjected to full history taking, clinical examination and assessment of fasting blood glucose, HbA1c , lipid profile, 25-hydroxy Vitamin D [25(OH)3D], VDR and VDBP. Results: Results show.d that the level of 25(OH)3D w.s significantly low.r in diabetic group compared to controls and w.s significantly negatively correlated w.th glycated hemoglobin, serum total cholesterol and low.density lipoprotein cholesterol in type 2 DM. Decreasing Vitamin D level w.s significantly associated w.th decreasing VDR. No significant association w.s found betw.en Vit D and VDBP levels. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is frequent in diabetic patients and associated w.th poor control and outcome. This suggests a role of Vitamin D in the pathogenesis and control of T2DM. Serum VDBP in diabetes may be independent to the level of 25(OH)3D and needs further studies.

关键词： Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D Vitamin D Receptor Vitamin D Binding Protein

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Evaluating the Efficacy of Latent Variables in Mitigating Data Poisoning Attacks in the Context of Bayesian Netw.rks:An Empirical Study

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 1635-1654页

作者： shahad Alzahrani Hatim Alsuw.t Emad Alsuw.t Independent Researcher Specializing in Data Security and Privacy Taif26571Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SystemsUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah24382Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif26571Saudi Arabia

Bayesian netw.rks are a pow.rful class of graphical decision models used to represent causal relationships among ***,the reliability and integrity of learned Bayesian netw.rk models are highly dependent on the quality of incoming data *** of the primary challenges w.th Bayesian netw.rks is their vulnerability to adversarial data poisoning attacks,w.erein malicious data is injected into the training dataset to negatively influence the Bayesian netw.rk models and impair their *** this research paper,w. propose an efficient framew.rk for detecting data poisoning attacks against Bayesian netw.rk structure learning *** framew.rk utilizes latent variables to quantify the amount of belief betw.en every tw. nodes in each causal model over *** use our innovative methodology to tackle an important issue w.th data poisoning assaults in the context of Bayesian *** regard to four different forms of data poisoning attacks,w. specifically aim to strengthen the security and dependability of Bayesian netw.rk structure learning techniques,such as the PC *** doing this,w. explore the complexity of this area and offer w.rkablemethods for identifying and reducing these sneaky ***,our research investigates one particular use case,the“Visit to Asia Netw.rk.”The practical consequences of using uncertainty as a w.y to spot cases of data poisoning are explored in this inquiry,w.ich is of utmost *** results demonstrate the promising efficacy of latent variables in detecting and mitigating the threat of data poisoning ***,our proposed latent-based framew.rk proves to be sensitive in detecting malicious data poisoning attacks in the context of stream data.

关键词： Bayesian netw.rks data poisoning attacks latent variables structure learning algorithms adversarial attacks

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Optimization study of a PEM fuel cell performance using 3D multi-phase computational fluid dynamics model

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第2期8卷 285-300页

作者： AL-BAGHDADI Maher A.R. Sadiq AL-JANABI Haroun A.K.shahad Department of Mechanical Engineering International Technological University

An optimization study using a comprehensive 3D, multi-phase, non-isothermal model of a PEM （proton exchange membrane） fuel cell that incorporates significant physical processes and key parameters affecting fuel cell performance is presented and discussed in detail. The model accounts for both gas and liquid phase in the same computational domain, and thus allow. for the implementation of phase change inside the gas diffusion layers. The model includes the transport of gaseous species, liquid w.ter, protons, energy, and w.ter dissolved in the ion-conducting polymer. w.ter is assumed to be exchanged among three phases： liquid, vapottr, and dissolved, w.th equilibrium among these phases being assumed. This model also takes into account convection and diffusion of different species in the channels as w.ll as in the porous gas diffusion layer, heat transfer in the solids as w.ll as in the gases, and electrochemical reactions. The results show.d that the present multi-phase model is capable of identifying important parameters for the w.tting behaviour of the gas diffusion layers and can be used to identify conditions that might lead to the onset of pore plugging, w.ich has a detrimental effect on the fuel cell performance. This model is used to study the effects of several operating, design, and material parameters on fuel cell performance. Detailed analyses of the fuel cell performance under various operating conditions have been conducted and examined.

关键词： Optimization PEM fuel cell Multi-phase w.ter transport CFD (computational fluid dynamics)

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An Optimal Algorithm for Resource Allocation in D2D Communication

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 531-546页

作者： shahad Alyousif Mohammed Dauw.d Rafal Nader Mohammed Hasan Ali Mustafa Musa Jabar Ahmed Alkhayyat Research Centre University of MashreqBaghdadIraq College of Engineering Department of Electrical&Electronic EngineeringGulf UniversityAlmasnadKingdom of Bahrain Medical Instrumentation Techniques Engineering Dijlah University CollegeBaghdadIraq Department of Pharmacy Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeHilla51001Iraq Computer Techniques Engineering Department Faculty of Information TechnologyImam Ja’afar Al-Sadiq UniversityNajaf10023Iraq Department of Medical Instruments Engineering Techniques Al-Turath University CollegeBaghdad10021Iraq Department of Medical Instruments Engineering Techniques Al-Farahidi UniversityBaghdad10021Iraq College of Technical Engineering The Islamic UniversityNajafIraq

The number of mobile devices accessing w.reless netw.rks isskyrocketing due to the rapid advancement of sensors and w.reless communicationtechnology. In the upcoming years, it is anticipated that mobile datatraffic w.uld rise even more. The development of a new.cellular netw.rkparadigm is being driven by the Internet of Things, smart homes, and moresophisticated applications w.th greater data rates and latency *** are being used up quickly due to the steady grow.h of smartphonedevices andmultimedia apps. Computation offloading to either several distantclouds or close mobile devices has consistently improved the performance ofmobile devices. The computation latency can also be decreased by offloadingcomputing duties to edge servers w.th a specific level of computing ***-to-device (D2D) collaboration can assist in processing small-scaleactivities that are time-sensitive in order to further reduce task delays. The taskoffloading performance is drastically reduced due to the variation of differentperformance capabilities of edge nodes. Therefore, this paper addressed thisproblem and proposed a new.method for D2D communication. In thismethod, the time delay is reduced by enabling the edge nodes to exchangedata samples. Simulation results show.that the proposed algorithm has betterperformance than traditional algorithm.

关键词： D2D communication resource allocation latency optimization

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Factors associated w.th exclusive breastfeeding in relation to know.edge,attitude and practice of breastfeeding mothers in Rabigh community,w.stern Saudi Arabia

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w.rld Journal of Pediatrics 2019年第6期15卷 601-609页

作者： Moustafa A.Hegazi Mousa Allebdi Mohammed Almohammadi Abdulelah Alnafie Lama Al-Hazmi shahad Alyoubi Pediatric Department Faculty of Medicine in RabighKing Abdulaziz UniversityP.O.80205Jeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Pediatric Department Mansoura University Children's HospitalP.O.35516MansouraEgypt Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh King Abdulaziz UniversitySaudi Arabia

Background There is much concern about declining rates of exclusive breastfeeding(EBF)all over the w.rld including Saudi Arabia w.ich deprives infants from many immunological,nutritional,and psychosocial *** study w.s per-formed to determine EBF prevalence and factors influencing EBF in relation to know.edge,attitude and practice(KAP)of breastfeeding mothers(BFM)in Rabigh,w.stern Saudi *** Data about factors that could be associated w.th EBF and KAP of BFM w.re collected by cross-sectional ques-tionnaire-based study from 420 *** Prevalence of EBF for 6 months w.s 27.6%w.ich is far below.w.rld Health Organization ***,socioeconomic,biomedical as w.ll as most studied variables of KAP of 50%to over 90%of participating mothers w.re adequate to account for low.EBF *** know.edge about benefits of colostrum and continuation of breastfeeding for 2 years w.s given by only 86.2%and 36.7%of BFM,*** most significant independent factors associated w.th EBF w.re perception of sufficient human milk[adjusted odds ratio(AOR)2.89;95%confidence interval(CI)1.72-4.89],absence of nipple pain(AOR 2.77;95%CI 1.72-4.45)and mothers w.thout university education(AOR 1.86;95%CI 1.15-3.01).Early introduction of formula in hospital after birth w.s the main inappropriate feeding practice in 76.2%of infants of *** Findings of this study should be utilized by Rabigh community and other national or w.rldw.de communities w.th similar characters to promote EBF by targeted educational programs after identification of significant factors inltuenc-ing EBF and gaps in KAP of BFM.

关键词： Exclusive breastfeeding Factors Rabigh Saudi Arabia

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An Efficient Method for Heat Recovery Process and Temperature Optimization

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 1017-1031页

作者： Basim Kareem Naser Mohammed Dauw.d Ahmed Alkhayyat Mustafa Musa Jaber shahad Alyousif Mohammed Hasan Ali Dentistry Department Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeHilla51001Iraq Medical Instrumentation Techniques Engineering Dijlah University CollegeBaghdad00964Iraq College of Technical Engineering The Islamic UniversityNajaf54001Iraq Department of Medical Instruments Engineering Techniques Al-Turath University CollegeBaghdad10021Iraq Department of Medical Instruments Engineering Techniques Al-Farahidi UniversityBaghdad10021Iraq Research Centre University of MashreqBaghdad11001Iraq College of Engineering Department of Electrical&Electronic EngineeringGulf UniversityAlmasnad4363Kingdom of Bahrain Computer Techniques Engineering Department Faculty of Information TechnologyImam Ja’afarAl-Sadiq UniversityNajaf10023Iraq

Flue gas heat loss accounts for a significant component of theoverall heat loss for coal-fired boilers in pow.r plants. The flue gas absorbsmore heat as the exhaust gas temperature rises, w.ich reduces boiler efficiencyand raises coal consumption. Additionally, if the exhaust gas temperatureis too high, a lot of w.ter must be used to cool the flue gas for the w.tflue gas desulfurization system to function w.ll, w.ich has an impact onthe pow.r plant’s ability to operate profitably. It is consequently vital totake steps to low.r exhaust gas temperatures in order to increase boilerefficiency and decrease the amount of coal and w.ter used. Desulfurizationperformance may be enhanced and w.ter use can be decreased by reasonableflue gas characteristics at the entry. This study analyzed the unit’s energyconsumption, investment, and coal savings w.ile proposing four couplingstrategies for regulating flue gas temperature and w.ste heat recovery. Agraded flue gas conditioning and w.ste heat recovery plan w.s presentedunder the condition of ensuring high desulfurization efficiency, along w.ththe notion of minimizing energy loss ow.ng to energy inflow.temperaturedifference. Numerical results show.that the proposed methods improved thesystem performance and reduced the w.ter consumption and regulated theboiler temperature.

关键词： Heat exchange system boiler energy optimization temperature control

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Producing Spinnable Regenerated Cellulosic Fibers from Palm Fibers for Use in the Textile Industry

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Journal of Textile Science and Technology 2022年第4期8卷 163-186页

作者： shahad Ibrahim Omar Badr Leeds British Academy Jeddah Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The textile industry is considered a major industry w.rldw.de, and some countries use available domestic raw.materials for textile manufacturing, being one of many other economic resources. Meanw.ile, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is at the forefront of States paying great attention to the cultivation of palm trees due to their great importance, w.ich are an indispensable traditional food for a large portion of the population. How.ver, huge quantities of palm’s by-products, especially palm fibers, are constantly w.sted, although they can be effectively used to produce textiles of particular end uses such as ropes. This study, therefore, sought to explore the potential of extracting cellulose from palm fibers for use in the textile industry. The study has utilized the experimental approach by applying alkaline to palm fibers so as to extract inherent cellulose. It has also applied mechanical processing to turn cellulose into fibers. Fibers’ physical properties (color, diameter, length), chemical properties (ratios of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin), and mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation of fibers before and after treatment) w.re all studied. The study has proved that the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of regenerated cellulose fibers extracted from palm fibers are similar to those of other natural fibers such as bamboo and linen, and thus can be used in the textile industry. The study also compared different types of palm trees to determine the one that contains the largest concentration of cellulose. How.ver, it w.s found that sugar palm fibers contain the highest cellulose concentration of 44% and therefore, it w.s selected for the application of the study’s theory. The study recommends making use of palm fiber in manufacturing textiles for particular end uses such as ropes, fillings and filters, as w.ll as applying the theory of the study to other plants that have not yet been manipulated.

关键词： Palm Fiber Cellulose Fiber Sugar Palm Textile Industries

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Habitual khat chew.ng and oral melanoacanthoma: A case report

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w.rld Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第2期11卷 449-455页

作者： Hamad Albagieh Ashw.g Aloyouny Rana Alshagroud Abdulaziz Alw.keel shahad Alkait Fatimah Almufarji Ghadeer Almutairi Rana Alkhalaf Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Science Department College of DentistryKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia Basic Dental Science College of DentistryPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Oral Medicine Ministry of HealthTabuk 00000Saudi Arabia Postgraduate College of DentistryPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh 11671Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Habitual khat(Catha edulis) chew.ng has been proven to cause numerous oral tissue changes. How.ver, oral melanoacanthoma triggered by chronic khat chew.ng is rare. Oral melanoacanthoma is an uncommon, sudden, asymptomatic, benign pigmentation of the oral cavity. Under the microscope, the epithelial layer of the oral mucosa show.d dendritic melanocyte proliferation and acanthosis. The study aimed to highlight chronic khat chew.ng as a trigger for oral *** SUMMARY In the current study, w. report a case of a 26-year-old male patient w.th a rare presentation of oral melanoacanthoma triggered by regular khat chew.ng. Many intrinsic and extrinsic factors can cause oral pigmentation. Chew.ng khat is an extrinsic factor that can cause several diseases, including oral pigmentation. In this case, the definitive diagnosis w.s oral melanoacanthoma. This diagnosis w.s made based on the patient’s history, clinical lesion presentation, and microscopic biopsy *** Habitual khat(Catha edulis) chew.ng causes many oral tissue changes including oral melanoacanthoma. The study aimed to highlight chronic khat chew.ng as a trigger for oral melanoacanthoma.

关键词： Oral melanoacanthoma Oral lesion Qaat chew.ng Oral pigmentation Brow. pigmentation Benign lesion Case report

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Hemangioma in the low.r labial vestibule of an eleven-year-old girl:A case report

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w.rld Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第5期10卷 1617-1622页

作者： Ashw.g Yagoub Aloyouny Afrah Jaber Alfaifi shahad Mohammed Aladhyani Ahad Ali Alshalan Hadeel Mohammed Alfayadh Hend Mahmoud Salem Department of Basic Dental Science Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Oral Medicine Special Care Dentistry Prince Sultan Military Medical CityRiyadh 12211Saudi Arabia Department of Dentistry Ministry of HealthRiyadh 11176Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Hemangioma is a vascular benign tumour of endothelial *** appears commonly in the first decade of life w.th increases incidence in *** is not common to happen in the oral cavity and it is extremely rare to appear in the labial *** SUMMARY w. present a case of an 11-year-old girl w.o complained of a painful,slow.y grow.ng mass w.ich w.s consistent w.th the capillary hemangioma in the left mandibular *** tumor such as hemangioma in the mandibular vestibule is extremely rare;hence,the clinical definitive diagnosis is very ***,radiographic imaging and histopathologic analysis are crucial to reach to the final diagnosis for proper *** Comprehensive clinical evaluation,proper diagnostic imaging and microscopic analysis of the mass establish a precise diagnosis of the hemangioma for better management.

关键词： Capillary hemangioma Vascular malformation Labial vestibule Childhood Case report

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Security Threads and IoT Security

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2023年第9期11卷 76-83页

作者： Dona Alkunidry shahad Alhuw.ysi Raw.n Alharbi Information Technology (Netw.rk Administration and Security) Jeddah Saudi Arabia

One of the technologies that have attracted the most attention recently across a variety of applications is the Internet of Things (IoT). The Internet of Things (IoT) is the combination of sensor, embedded computing, and communication technologies. The goal of the Internet of Things is to provide seamless services to anything, everyw.ere, at any time. The internet of things (IoT) technologies plays a vital role everyw.ere after the internet and information and communication technology, ushering in the fourth disruptive technology revolution (ICT). For real-time processing, communication, and monitoring, the smart items are linked together through w.red or w.reless connections. Implementing the IoT system presents security and privacy challenges since IoT devices are incompatible w.th current security standards based on tradition. This paper discusses IoT security strands, mitigation strategies, and privacy issues. This study’s major objective is to get more know.edge about security threats, mitigation techniques, and privacy concerns in IoT devices. The authors also mentioned a few.cutting-edge technologies that can address general security problems. This study’s major objectives are to find research gaps in IoT security and match solution paradigms. The advent and rapid grow.h of the Internet of Things (IoT), w.ich offers innumerable benefits, facilities, and applications including smart grids, smart homes, smart cities, and intelligent transportation systems (ITS), have an impact on everyone’s life. How.ver, the deployment and use of sensing devices exposes IoT-based systems and applications to many security flaw. and attacks. Furthermore, the lack of standardization brought on by the diversity of devices and technologies makes integrating security in the IoT a severe problem. The purpose of this review.paper is to highlight the numerous security threats, challenges, and attacks that IoT-enabled applications face.

关键词： Internet of Things Security Threads Mitigation Measures Privacy

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