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Activating solution gas drive as an extra oil production mechanism after carbonated water injection

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第11期28卷 2938-2945页

作者： Mahmood Shakiba Shahab Ayatollahi Masoud Riazi Enhanced Oil Recovery(EOR)Research Centre IOR/EOR Research InstituteShiraz UniversityShirazIran Department of Petroleum Engineering Amirkabir University of TechnologyTehranIran School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Sharif University of TechnologyTehranIran

Enhanced oil recovery(EOR)methods are mostly based on different phenomena taking place at the interfaces between fluid–fluid and rock–fluid phases.Over the last decade,carbonated water injection(CWI)has been considered as one of the multi-objective EOR techniques to store CO2 in the hydrocarbon bearing formations as well as improving oil recovery efficiency.During CWI process,as the reservoir pressure declines,the dissolved CO2 in the oil phase evolves and gas nucleation phenomenon would occur.As a result,it can lead to oil saturation restoration and subsequently,oil displacement due to the hysteresis effect.At this condition,CO2 would act as insitu dissolved gas into the oil phase,and play the role of an artificial solution gas drive(SGD).In this study,the effect of SGD as an extra oil recovery mechanism after secondary and tertiary CWI(SCWI-TCWI)modes has been experimentally investigated in carbonate rocks using coreflood tests.The depressurization tests resulted in more than 25%and 18%of original oil in place(OOIP)because of the SGD after SCWI and TCWI tests,respectively.From the ultimate enhanced oil recovery point of view,the efficiency of SGD was observed to be more than one-third of that of CWI itself.Furthermore,the pressure drop data revealed that the system pressure depends more on the oil production pattern than water production.

关键词： Solution gas drive Gas nucleation Carbonated water Enhanced oil recovery CO2 capture

Experimental and modeling investigation of dynamic interfacial tension of asphaltenic–acidic crude oil/aqueous phase containing different ions

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2017年第12期25卷 1820-1830页

作者： Mostafa Lashkarbolooki Shahab Ayatollahi School of Chemical Engineering Babol Noshirvani University of Technology Babol Iran School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Sharif University of Technology Tehran Iran

In this way, after experimental measurement of interfacial tension, different models including mono-exponential decay, dynamic adsorption models and empirical equation are used to correlate this time-dependent behavior of interfacial tension(IFT). During the modeling approach, the induction, adsorption, equilibrium, and mesoequilibrium times as well as diffusivity of surface active components known as natural surfactant including asphaltene and resin from crude oil to the interface are obtained. In addition, the surface excess concentration of surface active components at the interface and Gibbs adsorption isotherm are utilized to analyze the measured dynamic IFTs. Finally, the mechanisms of crude oil/aqueous solution IFT including(a) the activity of surfaceactive components and(b) surface excess concentration of them at fluid/fluid interface are proposed and discussed in details.

关键词： Dynamic IFT Adsorption Ion Crude oil EOR

Fabrication of a highly efficient new nanocomposite polymer gel for controlling the excess water production in petroleum reservoirs and increasing the performance of enhanced oil recovery processes

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第4期34卷 385-392页

作者： Sajad Asadizadeh Shahab Ayatollahi Bahman ZareNezhad Faculty of Chemical Petroleum and Gas EngineeringSemnan UniversitySemnanIran Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department Sharif University of TechnologyTehranIran

A new nanocomposite polymer gel is synthesized for reduction of excess water production in petroleum reservoirs at real operating conditions.This new nanocomposite gel contains SiO2 nanoparticles,partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide(HPAM)and chromium triacetate.High pressure and high temperature tests using porous carbonate core are carried out to evaluate the effects of nanoparticles on the synthesized polymer gel performance.It is shown that the residual resistance factor ratio of water to oil using the synthesized polymer gel nanocomposite in this work is much higher than that of the ordinary polymer gels.The presented results confirm the high performance of the synthesized nanocomposite polymer gel for decreasing the water flow through porous carbonate bed.A mathematical model for description of oil and water flow behavior in the presence of synthesized nanocomposite polymer gel is also presented.The presented nano polymer gel leads to considerable cost saving in enhanced oil recovery(EOR)processes.

关键词： Petroleum Excess water Nanocomposite Polymer gel Nanoparticle EOR

Effect of salts and their interaction with ingenious surfactants on the interfacial tension of crude oil/ionic solution

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第1期28卷 224-235页

作者： Mostafa Lashkarbolooki Roohollah Parvizi Shahab Ayatollahi Ebrahim Ghaseminejad Raeeni School of Chemical Engineering Babol Noshirvani University of TechnologyBabolIran Department of Chemical Engineering Islamic Azad UniversityIran School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Sharif University of TechnologyTehranIran National Iranian South Oil Company Iran

Understanding the roles of asphaltene and resin as natural surfactants existed in crude oil can enlighten contradicting reported results regarding interfacial tension(IFT) of crude oil/aqueous solution as a function of salinity and ion type. In this way, this study is aimed to investigate the effect of these natural surface active agents on IFT of with special focus on SO4^2-anion and Mg^2+cation. Two different synthetic oil solutions of 8 wt% of the extracted asphaltene and resin dissolved in toluene are prepared, and then IFT values are measured. After that,the obtained results are compared with the IFT of intact crude oil in contact with the same saline solutions examined in the previous stage. The obtained results showed a synergistic effect of Na2SO4+ MgCl2 solution unlike the MgSO4+ MgCl2 and CaSO4+ MgCl2 solutions on IFT reduction of resin at MgCl2 concentration of 15000 mg·kg^-1. In summary, it is found that the affinity of asphaltene molecules towards the interface of oleic phase/ionic solution leads to higher IFT variation.

关键词： IFT Resin Asphaltene Mg^2+ SO4^2-

The impact of connate water saturation and salinity on oil recovery and CO2 storage capacity during carbonated water injection in carbonate rock

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第7期27卷 1699-1707页

作者： Mahmood Shakiba Masoud Riazi Shahab Ayatollahi Mostafa Takband Department of Petroleum Engineering Amirkabir University of TechnologyTehranIran Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Research Centre IOR/EOR Research InstituteShiraz UniversityShirazIran Petroleum Engineering Department School of Chemical and Petroleum Eng.Shiraz UniversityShirazIran School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Sharif University of TechnologyTehranIran

Carbonated water injection(CWI)is known as an efficient technique for both CO2 storage and enhanced oil recovery(EOR).During CWI process,CO2 moves from the water phase into the oil phase and results in oil swelling.This mechanism is considered as a reason for EOR.Viscous fingering leading to early breakthrough and leaving a large proportion of reservoir un-swept is known as an unfavorable phenomenon during flooding trials.Generally,instability at the interface due to disturbances in porous medium promotes viscous fingering phenomenon.Connate water makes viscous fingers longer and more irregular consisting of large number of tributaries leading to the ultimate oil recovery reduction.Therefore,higher in-situ water content can worsen this condition.Besides,this water can play as a barrier between oil and gas phases and adversely affect the gas diffusion,which results in EOR reduction.On the other hand,from gas storage point of view,it should be noted that CO2 solubility is not the same in the water and oil phases.In this study for a specified water salinity,the effects of different connate water saturations(Swc)on the ultimate oil recovery and CO2 storage capacity during secondary CWI are being presented using carbonate rock samples from one of Iranian carbonate oil reservoir.The results showed higher oil recovery and CO2 storage in the case of lower connate water saturation,as 14%reduction of Swc resulted in 20%and 16%higher oil recovery and CO2 storage capacity,respectively.

关键词： Carbonated water Connate water Carbonate reservoir Enhanced oil recovery Secondary recovery CO2 storage

Dissociation of polar oil components in low salinity water and its impact on crude oil-brine interfacial interactions and physical properties

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Petroleum Science 2019年第2期16卷 328-343页

作者： Rasoul Mokhtari Shahab Ayatollahi School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Shiraz University Sharif Upstream Petroleum Research Institute (SUPRI) Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department Sharif University of Technology

Despite many efforts into the study of fluids interaction in low salinity water flooding, they are not probing the basics of transport phenomena between the involved phases. This work is aimed to bring new understanding of fluid-fluid interaction during low salinity water flooding through a series of organized experiments in which a crude oil sample with known properties was kept in contact with different brine solutions of various ionic strengths. Measuring brine pH, conductivity and crude oil viscosity and density for a period of 45 days illustrates the strong effect of the contact time and ionic strength on the dissociation of polar components and physical properties of the crude oil and brine. Besides, the interfacial tension(IFT) measurements show that the interfacial interactions are affected by several competitive interfacial processes. By decreasing the ionic strength of the brine, the solubility of naphthenic acids in the aqueous solution increases, and hence,the conductivity and the pH of the aqueous phase decrease. To verify this important finding, UV-Vis spectroscopy and 'H NMR analysis were also performed on aged brine samples. Notably, there is an ionic strength of brine in which the lowest IFT is observed, while the other physical properties are remained relatively unchanged.

关键词： Ionic strength Oil-brine interaction Physical properties Contact time Polar components

Effect of water salinity on oil/brine interfacial behaviour during low salinity waterflooding: A mechanistic study

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Petroleum 2019年第4期5卷 367-374页

作者： Peyman Rostami Mohammad Fattahi Mehraban Mohammad Sharifi Morteza Dejam Shahab Ayatollahi Department of Petroleum Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology(Polytechnic of Tehran)TehranIran Department of Petroleum Engineering College of Engineering and Applied ScienceUniversity of WyomingLaramieUSA Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Sharif University of TechnologyTehranIran

In recent years,controlling the salinity and composition of the injected water has become an emerging enhanced oil recovery(EOR)technique,often described as low salinity(LS)waterflooding.This work is done with the intention to contribute to the ongoing discussions about LS waterflooding mechanism(s).For this purpose,a series of different experiments were conducted.At first,the effect of salinity on the interfacial tension(IFT)and the contact angle was evaluated with a crude oil sample.Then to achieve more accurate results in observing oil/water interface,similar IFT experiments were also carried out on a synthetic oil containing asphaltenes.Thereafter,microscopic visualization using glass micromodel was performed on the interface of the synthetic oil sample and brines.Four brine solutions including Sea Water(SW),it's dilutions and formation water(FW)were used for various experiments.Finally,to investigate the presented mechanism by other authors,a series of Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy(ESEM)analysis on the synthetic oil was carried out to understand better the phase behaviour after contacting both synthetic oil and water phases from the micromodel experiment.Based on the existing mechanism,there exists an optimal concentration beyond which dilution is no longer an effective process.

关键词： Water salinity Wettability Interfacial tension Oil/brine interface Low salinity waterflooding

Viscous fingering and its effect on areal sweep efficiency during waterflooding: an experimental study

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Petroleum Science 2019年第1期16卷 105-116页

作者： Zahra Kargozarfard Masoud Riazi Shahab Ayatollahi Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Research Centre IOR-EOR Research Institute Shiraz University Department of Petroleum Engineering School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Shiraz University Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Research Center School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Sharif University of Technology

Viscous fingering is one of the main challenges that could reduce areal sweep efficiency during waterflooding in oil reservoirs. A series of waterflooding experiments were carried out in a Hele-Shaw cell at ambient temperature during which areal sweep efficiency was estimated and techniques to ease the fingering problem were examined. The onset and propagation of viscous fingers were monitored as a function of both injection rate and injection/production positions. Image processing techniques were utilized to quantitatively investigate the propagation of fingers. The experimental results show that, under specific conditions, increasing the number of finger branches could improve the areal sweep efficiency, whereas growth of a single narrow finger has a negative impact on oil displacement efficiency. According to the obtained results,increasing the injection rate improves the areal sweep efficiency up to a critical rate at which viscous fingers start to grow.The impact of heterogeneity of the medium on distributing the viscous fingers was also investigated by introducing two different arrangements of fractures in the model. The results show that fractures perpendicular to the direction of flow would distribute the displacing water more uniformly, while fractures in the direction of flow would amplify the unfavorable sweep efficiency.

关键词： Viscous fingering Areal sweep efficiency Front instability Mobility ratio Fractures Hele-Shaw cell

The role of CO2 and ion type in the dynamic interfacial tension of acidic crude oil/carbonated brine

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Petroleum Science 2019年第4期16卷 850-858页

作者： Mostafa Lashkarbolooki Ali Zeinolabedini Hezave Shahab Ayatollahi School of Chemical Engineering Babol Noshirvani Incubation Centre of Science and Technology Park Fanavari Atiyeh Pouyandegan Exir CompanyArākIran School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Sharif University of TechnologyTehranIran

The e ects of CO2 and salt type on the interfacial tension(IFT) between crude oil and carbonated brine(CB) have not been fully understood. This study focuses on measuring the dynamic IFT between acidic crude oil with a total acid number of 1.5 mg KOH/g and fully CO2-saturated aqueous solutions consisting of 15,000 ppm of KCl, NaCl, CaCl2 and MgCl2 at 30 °C and a wide range of pressures(500–4000 psi). The results of IFT measurements showed that solvation of CO2 into all the studied aqueous solutions led to an increase in IFT of acidic crude oil(i.e., comparison of IFT of crude oil/CB and crude oil/brine), while no significant e ect was observed for pressure. In contrast, the obtained results of studied salts indicated a positive e ect on the IFT reduction of acidic crude oil/carbonated water(CW)(i.e., comparison of IFT of crude oil/CB and crude oil/CW).

关键词： Carbonated brine Interfacial tension Crude oil Enhanced oil recovery(EOR) CO2 sequestration