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Colouring of COVID-19 Affected Region Based on Fuzzy Directed Graphs

Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 1219-1233页

作者： Rupkumar Mahapatra Sovan Samanta Madhumangal Pal Jeong-Gon Lee shah khalid khan Usman Naseem Robin Singh Bhadoria Department of Applied Mathematics with Oceanology and Computer Programming Vidyasagar UniversityMidnapore721102India Department of Mathematics Tamralipta MahavidyalayaTamluk721636India Division of Applied Mathematics Wonkwang UniversityIksan-SiJeonbuk54538Korea School of Engineering RMIT UniversityMelbourne3001Australia School of Computer Science University of Sydney Sydney2006Australia Department of Computer Science&Engineering Birla Institute of Applied Sciences(BIAS)BhimtalUttarakhand263136India

Graph colouring is the system of assigning a colour to each vertex of a *** is done in such a way that adjacent vertices do not have equal *** is fundamental in graph *** is often used to solve real-world problems like traffic light signalling,map colouring,scheduling,***,social networks are prevalent systems in our ***,the users are considered as vertices,and their connections/interactions are taken as *** users follow other popular users’profiles in these networks,and some don’t,but those non-followers are connected directly to the popular *** means,along with traditional relationship(information flowing),there is another relation among *** depends on the domination of the relationship between the *** type of situation can be modelled as a directed fuzzy *** the colouring of fuzzy graph theory,edge membership plays a vital *** membership is a representation of flowing information between end nodes of the *** from the communication relationship,there may be some other factors like domination in *** influence of power is captured *** this article,the colouring of directed fuzzy graphs is defined based on the influence of *** with this,the chromatic number and strong chromatic number are provided,and related properties are *** application regarding COVID-19 infection is presented using the colouring of directed fuzzy graphs.

关键词： Graph colouring chromatic index directed fuzzy graphs

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Modulating microRNAs in cancer: next-generation therapies

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2022年第3期19卷 289-304页

作者： Nahid Arghiani khalid shah Center for Stem Cell and Translational Immunotherapy(CSTI) Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Department of Neurosurgery Brigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Harvard Stem Cell Institute Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are a class of endogenously expressed non-coding regulators of the genome with an ability to mediate a variety of biological and pathological *** is growing evidence demonstrating frequent dysregulation of microRNAs in cancer cells,which is associated with tumor initiation,development,migration,invasion,resisting cell death,and drug *** have shown that modulation of these small RNAs is a novel and promising therapeutic tool in the treatment of a variety of diseases,especially cancer,due to their broad influence on multiple cellular ***,suboptimal delivery of the appropriate miRNA to the cancer sites,quick degradation by nucleases in the blood circulation,and off target effects have limited their research and clinical ***,there is a pressing need to improve the therapeutic efficacy of miRNA modulators,while at the same time reducing their *** delivery vehicles for miRNA modulators have been shown to be effective in vitro and in *** this review,we will discuss the role and importance of miRNAs in cancer and provide perspectives on currently available carriers for miRNA *** will also summarize the challenges and prospects for the clinical translation of miRNAbased therapeutic strategies.

关键词： MiRNAs dysregulation delivery systems cancer therapy clinical translation

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Quantum Stackelberg Duopoly in a Noninertial Frame

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第7期28卷 5-8页

作者： Salman khan M.khalid khan Department of Physics Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 45320Pakistan

We study the influence of the Unruh effect on quantum Stackelberg *** is shown that the acceleration of a noninertial frame strongly affects the payoffs of the *** validation of the subgame perfect Nash equilibrium is limited to a particular range of acceleration of the noninertial *** benefit of the initial state entanglement in the quantum form of the duopoly in the inertial frame is adversely affected by the *** duopoly can become a follower advantage only in a small region of the acceleration.

关键词： acceleration Stackelberg Quantum

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Optimizing the utilization of maize silage in forage blends-based rations to improve production performance and reduce methane emissions from fattening calves

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第3期17卷 75-81页

作者： khalid Farooq Asad Sultan Assar Ali shah Rifat Ullah khan Rajwali khan Ghazala Yasmeen Nazir Ahmad khan Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences The University of AgriculturePeshawar 25130Pakistan Pakistan Scientific and Technological Information Center(PASTIC) Islamabad 44000Pakistan

This research investigated the effect of various mixtures of maize silage and ryegrass fodder on nutrient digestibility,production performance,and methane(CH4)emission of fattening ***-four fattening calves((228±10)kg body weight(BW),(280±5)d of age)were allocated to 8 diets for 84 d,according to a randomized complete block design,and the blocks were balanced for BW,age,and *** diets consisted of 4 levels of maize silages,i.e.,40%(MS40),50%(MS50),60%(MS60),and 70%(MS70)in the maize silage and ryegrass fodder mixture on a dry matter(DM)basis,and each of the mixture was supplemented with either low(LC,1.0%BW)or high(HC,1.5%BW)levels of fattening *** results revealed greater(p<0.05)intakes of DM(8.35 kg/d),organic matter(OM,7.85 kg/d),and metabolizable energy(ME,12.00 Mcal/d)in calves fed with MS70-LC *** highest(p<0.05)digestibility(g/100 g)of DM(65.2),OM(67.3),crude protein(69.1),and neutral detergent fibre(56.3)was recorded for MS40-HC *** maximum(p<0.05)average daily gain(ADG,571 g/d)was recorded for diet *** lowest value(p<0.05)of CH4 emission was recorded in MS70-LC,MS70-HC,and MS60-HC as compared to other *** 70%maize silage in the ryegrass-maize silage based diet improved ADG by 174 g/d with LC *** is concluded that the optimum inclusion level of maize silage and ryegrass in the fattening ration can improve animal production performance and reduces CH4 production and concentrate requirements of fattening calves.

关键词： average daily gain farm-grown forages forage mixture fattening calves maize silage ryegrass fodder

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GENERIC WARPED PRODUCT SUBMANIFOLDS OF LOCALLY CONFORMAL KEAHLER MANIFOLDS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2010年第5期30卷 1457-1468页

作者： Nargis Jamal khalid Ali khan Viqar Azam khan Department of Mathematics Aligarh Muslim University School of Engineering and Logistics Faculty of TechnologyCharles Darwin University Department of Mathematics College of ScienceP.O.Box 80203King Abdul Aziz University

Warped product manifolds are known to have applications in physics. For instance, they provide an excellent setting to model space-time near a black hole or a massive star （cf. [9]）. The studies on warped product manifolds with extrinsic geometric point of view were intensified after the B.Y. Chen＇s work on CR-warped product submanifolds of Kaehler manifolds （cf. [6], [7]）. Later on, similar studies were carried out in the setting of 1.c.K. manifolds and nearly Kaehler manifolds （el. [3], [11]）. In the present article, we investigate a larger class of warped product submanifolds of 1.c.K. manifolds, ensure their existence by constructing an example of such manifolds and obtain some important properties of these submanifolds. With regard to the CR-warped product submanifold, a special case of generic warped product submanifolds, we obtain a characterization under which a CR-submanifold is reducesd to a CR-warped product submanifold.

关键词： warped product submanifold locally conformal Kaehler manifold generic submanifold

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Oblique propagation of nonlinear ion-acoustic cnoidal waves in magnetized electron–positron–ion plasmas with nonextensive electrons

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Plasma Science and Technology 2021年第3期23卷 76-81页

作者： Muhammad khalid Ghufran ULLAH Mohsin khan Sheraz AHMAD Sardar NABI Daud khan Depatment of Physics Govermment Post Gaduate College MardanMardan 23200Pakistan Department of Physics Islamia College Peshawar(Public Sector University)Peshawar 25120Pakistan Department of Physics Government Post Graduate College NowsheraNowshera 24100Pakistan

Theoretical investigation of nonlinear electrostatic ion-acoustic cnoidal waves(IACWs) is presented in magnetized electron–positron–ion plasma with nonextensive electrons and Maxwellian positrons. Using reductive perturbation technique, Korteweg–de Vries equation is derived and its cnoidal wave solution is analyzed. For given plasma parameters, our model supports only positive potential(compressive) IACW structures. The effect of relevant plasma parameters(viz., nonextensive parameter q, positron concentration p, temperature ratio σ,obliqueness l3) on the characteristics of IACWs is discussed in detail.

关键词： ion-acoustic cnoidal waves KdV equation q-distribution

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Decoherence Effects on Multiplayer Cooperative Quantum Games

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2011年第8期56卷 228-234页

作者： Salman khan M.Ramzan M.khalid.khan Department of Physics Quaid-i-Azam University

We study the behavior of cooperative multiplayer quantum games [Q. Chen, Y. Wang, J.T. Liu, and K.L. Wang, Phys. Lett. A 327 （2004） 98; A.P. Flitney and L.C.L. Hollenberg, Quantum Inf. Comput. 7 （2007） 111] in the presence of decoherence using different quantum channels such as amplitude damping, depolarizing and phase damping. It is seen that the outcomes of the games for the two damping channels with maximum values of decoherence reduce to same value. However, in comparison to phase damping channel, the payoffs of cooperators are strongly damped under the influence amplitude damping channel for the lower values of decoherence parameter. In the case of depolarizing channel, the game is a no-payoff game irrespective of the degree of entanglement in the initial state for the larger values of decoherence parameter. The deeoherenee gets the cooperators worse off.

关键词： multiplayer cooperative quantum games payoffs Nash equilibria

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Exploring Nanoscale Perovskite Materials for Next‑Generation Photodetectors:A Comprehensive Review and Future Directions

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 46-108页

作者： Xin Li Sikandar Aftab Maria Mukhtar Fahmid Kabir Muhammad Farooq khan Hosameldin Helmy Hegazy Erdi Akman State Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Laser Technology National University of Defense TechnologyHefei 230037AnhuiPeople’s Republic of China Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology Hefei 230037AnhuiPeople’s Republic of China Nanhu Laser Laboratory Changsha 410015HunanPeople’s Republic of China Department of Semiconductor Systems Engineering and Clean Energy Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Department of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea School of Engineering Science Simon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBC V5A 1S6Canada Department of Electrical Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006South Korea Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004AbhaSaudi Arabia Central Labs King Khalid UniversityAlQura’aP.O.Box 96061413 AbhaSaudi Arabia Scientific and Technological Research and Application Center Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University70100 KaramanTurkey

The rapid advancement of nanotechnology has sparked much interest in applying nanoscale perovskite materials for photodetection *** materials are promising candidates for next-generation photodetectors(PDs)due to their unique optoelectronic properties and flexible synthesis *** review explores the approaches used in the development and use of optoelectronic devices made of different nanoscale perovskite architectures,including quantum dots,nanosheets,nanorods,nanowires,and *** a thorough analysis of recent literature,the review also addresses common issues like the mechanisms underlying the degradation of perovskite PDs and offers perspectives on potential solutions to improve stability and scalability that impede widespread *** addition,it highlights that photodetection encompasses the detection of light fields in dimensions other than light intensity and suggests potential avenues for future research to overcome these obstacles and fully realize the potential of nanoscale perovskite materials in state-of-the-art photodetection *** review provides a comprehensive overview of nanoscale perovskite PDs and guides future research efforts towards improved performance and wider applicability,making it a valuable resource for researchers.

关键词： Nanoscale perovskites Photodetectors Nanosheets Nanorods Nanowires Quantum dots Nanocrystals

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Integrated geoscience databanks for interactive analysis and visualization

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2013年第S02期6卷 41-49页

作者： khalid Amin khan Gulraiz Akhter Zulfiqar Ahmad K-tron Research Inc. RawalpindiPakistan Department of Earth Sciences Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan

There has been a worldwide revolution in geoscientific data availability and *** effectively infinite and instantaneous free access to geoscientific data from the World Wide System of Geoscience Data Centers and Virtual Observatories is *** addition,national databanks and commercially available large exploration data-sets also *** distributed data resources impose challenges for the future to move toward their objective integration and visualization to discover new *** advancements can facilitate meaningful interpretations and decision-making for the benefit of society at global and local *** article presents the Digital Earth initiative at a national level to address multiple domains,such as effective management of natural resources,interactive planning of exploration activities and monitoring,mapping and mitigation of natural *** discusses a distributed geospatial data infrastructure and its importance in geoscientific data integration for efficient and interactive data retrieval,analysis and *** examples are presented to demonstrate the advantages of integrated visualization in geoscientific analysis.

关键词： distributed data geospatial data integration spatial data infrastructure data analysis visualization digital country

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Systematic Analysis of Safety and Security Risks in Smart Homes

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 1409-1428页

作者： Habib Ullah khan Mohammad Kamel Alomari Sulaiman khan shah Nazir Asif Qumer Gill Alanoud Ali Al-Maadid Zaki khalid Abu-Shawish Mostafa Kamal Hassan Department of Accounting and Information Systems College of Business and EconomicsQatar UniversityDohaQatar Department of Computer Science University of SwabiSwabiPakistan School of Software University of Technology SydneySydneyAustralia Department of Finance&Economics College of Business&EconomicsQatar UniversityDohaQatar

The revolution in Internet of Things(IoT)-based devices and applications has provided smart applications for *** applications range from healthcare to traffic-flow management,to communication devices,to smart security devices,and many *** particular,government and private organizations are showing significant interest in IoT-enabled applications for smart *** the perceived benefits and interest,human safety is also a key *** research is aimed at systematically analyzing the available literature on smart homes and identifying areas of concern or risk with a view to supporting the design of safe and secure smart *** this systematic review process,relevant work in the most highly regarded journals published in the period 2016–2020(a section of 2020 is included)was analyzed.A final set of 99 relevant articles(journal articles,book sections,conference papers,and survey papers)was analyzed in this *** analysis is focused on three research questions and relevant *** systematic analysis results and key insights will help researchers and practitioners to make more informed decisions when dealing with the safety and security risks of smart homes,especially in emergency situations.

关键词： Smart buildings IoT smart homes systematic literature review prototype model

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