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Processes involving soil CO_(2)dynamic in a sector of Chaco-Pampean plain,Argentina:An isotope geochemical approach

Acta Geochimica 2024年第5期43卷 947-958页

作者： Sanci Romina Panarello héctor Instituto de Geociencias Básicas Aplicadas y Ambientales de Buenos Aires(IGEBA)Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresCABAIntendente Güiraldes 2160Pabellón IIPiso 1C1428EGA Ciudad UniversitariaArgentina Instituto de Geocronología y Geología Isotópica(INGEIS) Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresCABAIntendente Güiraldes 2160Pabellón INGEISC1428EGA Ciudad UniversitariaArgentina

The magnitude and spatial variability of CO_(2)surface emissions and processes involving CO_(2)released to the atmosphere from the soils are relevant issues in the context of climate *** work evaluated CO_(2)fluxes and^(13)C/^(12)C ratio of vegetation,organic matter,and soil gases from no disturbed soils of Chaco Pampean Plain(Argentina)with different soil properties and environmental conditions(PL and PA units).Soil organic decomposition from individual layers was accompanied byδ^(13)C of total organic carbon(δ^(13)C-TOC)values more enriched to depth.δ^(13)C-TOC values in the upper soil profile~ca.0–15 cm were like the plant community of this area(~−33 to−29‰)whileδ^(13)CTOC varied stronger bellow horizon A,till~−24‰.Bothδ^(13)C-TOC and soilδ^(13)C-CO_(2)were similar(~−24 to 26‰)at deeper horizons(~50–60 cm).Toward the superficial layers,δ^(13)C-TOC andδ^(13)C-CO_(2)showed more differences(till~4‰),due influence of the diffusion *** A layer(~0–20 cm)from both PL and PA units contained the most enrichedδ^(13)C-CO_(2)values(~−15–17‰)because atmospheric CO_(2)permeated the soil air.A simple two-component mixing model between sources(atmosphericδ^(13)C-CO_(2)and soil CO_(2))confirmed that ***,CO_(2)fluxes reflected the biodegradation of C3 plants(source),diffusive transport,and CO_(2)exchange(atmosphere/soil).Soil moisture content appeared as a determining factor in the diffusion process and the magnitude of CO_(2)surface emissions(12–60 g·m^(−2)·d^(−1)).That condition was confirmed by CO_(2)diffusion coefficients estimated by air-filled porosity parameters and soil radon gradient model.

关键词： Soil CO_(2) Carbon isotopes Isotope fractionation Radon gases

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A Preliminary Comparative Study on the Centering Algorithms for CassiniISS NAC Images

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第10期24卷 58-65页

作者： T.Liang Q.-F.Zhang G.-m.Liu W.-h.Zhu C.-S.Wang Department of Computer Science Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Sino-French Joint Laboratory for Astrometry Dynamics and Space ScienceJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China School of Computer Science Guangdong University of EducationGuangzhou 510303China

Obtaining high precision is an important consideration for astrometric studies using images from the Narrow Angle Camera(NAC)of the Cassini Imaging Science Subsystem(ISS).Selecting the best centering algorithm is key to enhancing astrometric *** this study,we compared the accuracy of five centering algorithms:Gaussian fitting,the modified moments method,and three point-spread function(PSF)fitting methods(effective PSF(ePSF),PSFEx,and extended PSF(x PSF)from the Cassini Imaging Central Laboratory for Operations(CICLOPS)).We assessed these algorithms using 70 ISS NAC star field images taken with CL1 and CL2 filters across different stellar *** ePSF method consistently demonstrated the highest accuracy,achieving precision below 0.03 pixels for stars of magnitude *** to the previously considered best,the modified moments method,the e PSF method improved overall accuracy by about 10%and 21%in the sample and line directions,***,the xPSF model provided by CICLOPS had lower precision than the ***,the ePSF exhibits an improvement in measurement precision of 23%and 17%in the sample and line directions,respectively,over the *** discrepancy might be attributed to the xPSF focusing on photometry rather than *** findings highlight the necessity of constructing PSF models specifically tailored for astrometric purposes in NAC images and provide guidance for enhancing astrometric measurements using these ISS NAC images.

关键词： methods:analytical techniques:image processing stars:imaging astrometry

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modelling dynamic pantograph loads with combined numerical analysis

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第1期32卷 81-94页

作者： F.F.Jackson R.mishra J.m.Rebelo J.Santos P.Antunes J.Pombo h.magalhaes L.Wills m.Askill School of Computing and Engineering University of HuddersfieldHuddersfieldUK School of Computing and Engineering Institute of Railway ResearchUniversity of HuddersfieldHuddersfieldUK IDmEC Instituto Superior TecnicoUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal ISEL Instituto Politecnico de LisboaLisbonPortugal hitachi Rail Newton AycliffeUK Wabtec/Brecknell Willis ChardUK

Appropriate interaction between pantograph and catenary is imperative for smooth operation of electric *** heights of overhead lines to accommodate level crossings,overbridges,and tunnels pose significant challenges in maintaining consistent current collection performance as the pantograph aerodynamic profile,and thus aerodynamic load changes significantly with operational *** research aims to analyse the global flow characteristics and aerodynamic forces acting on individual components of an hSX pantograph operating in different configurations and orientations,such that the results can be combined with multibody simulations to obtain accurate dynamic insight into contact ***,computational fluid dynamics simulations are used to investigate the pantograph component loads in a representative setting,such as that of the recessed cavity on a Class 800 *** an aerodynamic perspective,this study indicates that the total drag force acting on non-fixed components of the pantograph is larger for the knuckle-leading orientation rather than the knuckle-trailing,although the difference between the two is found to reduce with increasing pantograph *** the aerodynamic loads acting on individual components with multibody tools allows for realistic dynamic insight into the pantograph *** results obtained show how considering aerodynamic forces enhance the realism of the models,leading to behaviour of the pantograph-catenary contact forces closely matching that seen in experimental tests.

关键词： Pantograph-catenary interaction Pantograph aerodynamics Computational fluid dynamics Pantograph loads Current collection performance

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Well-Posedness of Stochastic Continuity Equations on Riemannian manifolds

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Chinese Annals of mathematics,Series B 2024年第1期45卷 81-122页

作者： Luca GALImBERTI Kenneth h.KARLSEN Department of mathematical Sciences NTNU Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyN-7491 TrondheimNorway Department of mathematics University of OsloP.O.Box 1053BlindernN-0316 OsloNorway

The authors analyze continuity equations with Stratonovich stochasticity,■ρ+divh[ρo(u(t,x)+∑_(i=1)^(N)a_(i)(x)w_(i)(t))]=0defined on a smooth closed Riemannian manifold m with metric *** velocity field u is perturbed by Gaussian noise terms Wi(t),:WN(t)driven by smooth spatially dependent vector fields a1(x),...,aN(x)on *** velocity u belongs to L_(t)^(1)W_(x)^(1,2)with divh u bounded in Lf,for p>d+2,where d is the dimension of m(they do not assume div_(h) u∈L_(t,x)^(∞)).For carefully chosen noise vector fields ai(and the number N of them),they show that the initial-value problem is well-posed in the class of weak L^(2) solutions,although the problem can be ill-posed in the deterministic case because of concentration *** proof of this“regularization by noise”result is based on a L^(2) estimate,which is obtained by a duality method,and a weak compactness argument.

关键词： Stochastic continuity equation Riemannian manifold hyperbolic equa-tion Non-smooth velocity field Weak solution Existence Uniqueness

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Identifying genetic susceptibility to Aspergillus fumigatus infection using collaborative cross mice and RNA-Seq approach

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Animal models and Experimental medicine 2024年第1期7卷 36-47页

作者： Roa'a h.S.Yosief Iqbal m.Lone Aharon Nachshon heinz himmelbauer Irit Gat-Viks Fuad A.Iraqi Department of Clinical microbiology and Immunology Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel-Aviv UniversityTel-AvivIsrael School of molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology George S.Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Institute of Computational Biology Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesMuthgasse 181190 ViennaAustria

Background:Aspergillus fumigatus(Af)is one of the most ubiquitous fungi and its infection potency is suggested to be strongly controlled by the host genetic *** aim of this study was to search for candidate genes associated with host susceptibility to Aspergillus fumigatus(Af)using an RNAseq approach in CC lines and hepatic gene ***:We studied 31 male mice from 25 CC lines at 8 weeks old;the mice were infected with *** tissues were extracted from these mice 5 days post-infection,and next-generation RNA-sequencing(RNAseq)was *** GENE-E analysis platform was used to generate a clustered heat map ***:Significant variation in body weight changes between CC lines was *** gene expression revealed 12 top prioritized candidate genes differ-entially expressed in resistant versus susceptible mice based on body weight ***,three candidate genes are located within genomic intervals of the previ-ously mapped quantitative trait loci(QTL),including Gm16270 and Stox1 on chromo-some 10 and Gm11033 on chromosome ***:Our findings emphasize the CC mouse model's power in fine mapping the genetic components underlying susceptibility towards *** a next step,eQTL analysis will be performed for our RNA-Seq *** candidate genes from our study will be further assessed with a human cohort with aspergillosis.

关键词： aspergillus fumigatus infection collaborative cross(CC)mice gene expression profile gene-network host susceptibility quantitative trait loci(QTL)mapping RNA-Seq

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The impact of chemotherapy-naïve open radical cystectomy delay and perioperative transfusion on the recurrence-free survival: A perioperative parameters-based nomogram

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 294-303页

作者： Ahmed m.harraz Ahmed Elkarta mohamed h.Zahran Ahmed mosbah Atallah A.Shaaban hassan Abol-Enein Urology and Nephrology Center Mansoura UniversityEgypt

Objective: To develop and internally validate a nomogram to predict recurrence-free survival (RFS) including the time to radical cystectomy (RC) and perioperative blood transfusion (PBT) as potential ***: Patients who underwent open RC and ileal conduit between January 1996 to December 2016 were split into developing (n=948) and validating (n=237) cohorts. The time to radical cystectomy (TTC) was defined as the interval between the onset of symptoms and RC. The regression coefficients of the independent predictors obtained by Cox regression were used to construct the nomogram. Discrimination, validation, and clinical usefulness in the validation cohort were assessed by the area under the curve, the calibration plot, and decision curve ***: In the developing dataset, the 1-, 5-, and 10-year RFS were 83.0%, 47.2%, and 44.4%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, independent predictors were TTC (hazards ratio [hR] 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-1.08, phR 1.40, 95% CI 1.03-1.90, p=0.03;two or more units: hR 1.72, 95% CI 1.29-2.29, phydronephrosis (hR 1.54, 95% CI 1.21-1.97, pmous cell carcinoma (hR 0.60, 95% CI 0.45-0.81, p=0.001), pT3-T4 (hR 1.77, 95% CI 1.41-2.22, pmph node status (hR 1.53, 95% CI 1.21-1.95, pmphovascular invasion (hR 1.28, 95% CI 1.01-1.62, p=0.044). The areas under the curve in the validation dataset were 79.3%, 69.6%, and 76.2%, for 1-, 5-, and 10-year RFS, respectively. Calibration plots showed considerable correspondence between predicted and actual survival probabilities. The decision curve analysis revealed a better net benefit of the ***: A nomogram with good discrimination, validation, and clinical utility was constructed utilizing TTC and PBT in addition to standard pathological criteria.

关键词： Radicalcystectomy Blood transfusion Time to radical cystectomy Survival Nomogram

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mitigating Urban heat Island Effects: A Review of Innovative Pavement Technologies and Integrated Solutions

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Structural Durability & health monitoring 2024年第5期18卷 525-551页

作者： S.F.Ismael A.h.Alias N.A.haron B.B.Zaidan Abdulrahman m.Abdulghani Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia Central Region Heavy Civil DivisionGranite ConstructionWoodlandsTexas77381USA SP Jain School of Global management LidcombeSydneyNSW2141Australia Department of Communication Technology and Network Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia

In this review paper,we present a thorough investigation into the role of pavement technologies in advancing urban *** analysis traverses the historical evolution of these technologies,meticulously evaluating their socio-economic and environmental impacts,with a particular emphasis on their role in mitigating the urban heat island *** evaluation of pavement types and variables inﬂuencing pavement performance to be used in the multi-criteria decision-making(mCDm)framework to choose the optimal pavement application are at the heart of our *** serves to assess a spectrum of pavement options,revealing insights into the most effective and sustainable *** highlighting both the existing challenges and potential innovative solutions within theﬁeld,this paper aims to offer a directional compass for future urban planning and infrastructural *** review not only synthesizes the current state of knowledge but also aims to chart a course for future exploration,emphasizing the critical need for innovative and environmentally sensitive pavement tech-nologies in the creation of resilient and sustainable urban environments.

关键词： Pavement sustainability urban heat island environmental impact of pavements innovative pavement solutions economic and social implications sustainable development in urban areas

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A new hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent composed of menthol and tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate for solvent bar microextraction of parabens from biological fluids

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第2期10卷 135-145页

作者： Nabil N.AL-hashimi husam Abed Alfattah Khaleel I.Assaf Asma A.Fakhoury Saja h.hamed Amjad h.El-Sheikh Khairi m.Fahelelbom The hashemite University Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesDepartment of Pharmaceutical ChemistryP.O.Box 330127Zarqa13133Jordan The hashemite University Faculty of ScienceDepartment of ChemistryP.O.Box 150459Zarqa13115Jordan Al-Balqa Applied University Faculty of ScienceDepartment of Chemistry19117 Al-SaltJordan The hashemite University Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical TechnologyP.O.Box 330127Zarqa13133Jordan Al Ain University College of PharmacyDepartment of Pharmaceutical SciencesP.O.Box 64141Al AinAl AinUnited Arab Emirates

Parabens are antimicrobial preservatives with extensive applications in cosmetics,toiletries,pharmaceuticals,and *** the legitimate concerns relating to their potential to disrupt multiple endocrine functions,it becomes imperative to prioritize the development of innovative bioanalytical techniques for effectively monitoring their presence in biological *** this study,an efficient solvent bar microextraction(SBmE)was established,utilizing new hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents(DEs)to determine methylparaben and propylparaben in urine and plasma *** DEs comprising menthol and tris(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate(m-TEhP)at various molar ratios were synthesized for the first time to enhance the extraction capacity and promote the eco-friendliness of the DE used as an extraction ***-transform infrared(FT-IR)and proton nuclear magnetic resonance(1h NmR)spectroscopies were employed to confirm and investigate the properties of the successful synthesis(m-TEhP)DE at a molar ratio of 1:*** synthesized DE exhibits low microbial toxicity and can be considered an eco-friendly solvent for ***,quantum-chemical calculations were utilized to predict synthesized DE's structure and interaction energy with selected *** influential operational factors of DE-SBmE on the extraction efficiency(EE%)of both parabens were evaluated using response surface methodology based on central composite design,and a total of 30 extraction tests were conducted to determine the optimal *** optimized DE-SBmE,in combination with hPLC-DAD,exhibited low detection limits(0.54–0.91μg L^(−1)),excellent linearity(R^(2)≥0.9993),precise results(RSDs≤7.6%),satisfactory recoveries(92–97%)and negligible matrix ***,it had remarkable effectiveness and applicability in determining selected parabens in real urine and plasma samples.

关键词： hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent Solvent bar microextraction Parabens Response surface methodology and central composite design hPLC-DAD Urine and plasma

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microstructure evolution and shape memory behaviors of Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)alloy subjected to multistep thermomechanical loading with different prestrain levels

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2024年第4期171卷 80-93页

作者： Y.h.Zhang h.Li Z.W.Yang X.Liu Q.F.Gu State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of high-Performance Precision Forming Technology and Equipment Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)shape memory alloy(SmA)is a promising material in the aerospace field due to its wide transformation *** application of shape memory effect depends on multistep thermomechan-ical loading,viz.,low-temperature deformation and subsequent heating to ***-temperature deformation prestrain plays a pivotal role in shape memory properties tailoring of SmA ***,microstructure evolution and deformation mechanisms of Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)SmA subjected to vari-ous prestrain levels are still *** this end,microstructure evolution and shape memory behaviors of Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)alloy subjected to multistep thermomechanical loading with prestrain levels of 8%-16%at-28℃(m_(s)+30℃)were *** results demonstrate that the stress-strain curve of the specimen exhibits four distinct stages at a maximal prestrain of 16%.Whereas stageⅡand stageⅢend at prestrains of∼8%and∼12%,*** stageⅡ,the stress-induced martensitic transformation is accompanied by the dislocation slip of the NiTi matrix andβ-Nb *** stageⅢ,in addition to the higher density of dislocations and further growth of stress-induced martensite variants(SImVs),(001)compound twins are introduced as a result of the(001)deformation twinning in stress-induced ***{20-1}martensite twins are gradually introduced in stageⅣ.Correspondingly,after subsequent unloading and heating,a higher density of{114}austenite twins form in the specimen with a larger prestrain of 16%.With increasing prestrain from 8%to 16%,the recoverable strainε_(re)^(T)upon heating increases first and then ***ε_(re)^(T)obtains a maximum of 7.03%at 10%prestrain and de-creases to 6.17%at 16%*** increase ofε_(re)^(T)can be attributed to the formation of new SImVs,the further growth of existing SImVs,and the recoverable(001)compound *** the decrease ofε_(re)^(T)is mainly associated with the irrecoverable strain by{20−1}martensite *** effe

关键词： Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)shape memory alloy Wide transformation hysteresis Thermomechanical loading microstructure evolution Shape memory behaviors Stress-induced martensitic transformation Deformation twinning

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Assessment of bisphenols in children's toy and baby products in the middle East

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 336-342页

作者： K.martínez-Guijarro B.Gevao m.Porcelli S.Al-Salem Saif Uddin m.Bahloul h.Taqi m.hajeyah D.Krishnan S.Rajagopalan A.Boota Environment Pollution and Climate Program Kuwait Institute for Scientific ResearchP.O.Box 23884SafatKuwait EPA Sierra Leone

A major concern from the scientific community has been raised since evidence of Bisphenol A(BP-A)can leach out from the products where they are incorporated as well as its endocrine disrupting effects observed in animals and ***-A and several related chemicals such as Bisphenol AP(BP-AP),Bisphenol B(BPeB),Bisphenol S(BPeS),Bisphenol AF(BP-AF),Bisphenol(BPeP),Bisphenol Z(BP-Z)were analyzed in this ***-A and BP-S were the only bisphenols detected in the samples analyzed in this *** median(range;mean)concentrations of BP-A found in this study was 321 ng/g(11-200932;4893 ng/g).The analysis was carried out by sonicating 0.1 g of a cryo-milled sample aliquot in methanol followed by UPLC-mS/mS *** concentrations of BP-A were found in several products labeled as BP-A free such as nursing bottles which are particularly problematic from the children's exposure point of *** study presents the first reliable bisphenols in children's toys and baby products commercialized in the middle *** is,however,a need to continue monitoring these compounds,especially in low-cost toys,and the so-called BP-A-free products,which appear to have high levels of target contaminants and can pose an exposure risk for infants and children in the region.

关键词： Bisphenols Bisphenol A(BP-A) Bisphenol S(BPeS) Children Toys

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