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Predictors of the placebo response in a nutraceutical randomized controlled trial for depression

Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期22卷 46-53页

作者： Rosemary Arnold Jenifer Murphy-Smith Chee h.ng David Mischoulon Gerard J.Byrne Chad A.Bousman Con Stough Michael Berk Jerome Sarris Professorial Unit the Melbourne ClinicDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity of MelbourneRichmond 3121Australia Depression Clinical and Research Program Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Faculty of Medicine Discipline of PsychiatryCentre for Clinical ResearchRoyal Brisbane&Women’s HospitalHerstonthe University of QueenslandBrisbane 4006Australia Departments of Medical Genetics PsychiatryPhysiology&Pharmacology and Community Health SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Department of Psychiatry the University of MelbourneMelbourne 3052Australia Centre for human Psychopharmacology Swinburne UniversityMelbourne 3122Australia The Institute for Mental and Physical health and Clinical Translation School of MedicineBarwon HealthDeakin UniversityGeelong 3220Australia The Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental health the University of MelbourneParkville 3052Australia Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental health the University of MelbourneParkville 3052Australia NICM health Research Institute Western Sydney UniversityWestmeadNSW 2145Australia

objective The placebo response in depression studies is the ch.nge in symptoms amongst those who receive an inactive *** well-designed randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of depression have a high proportion of placebo responders,with little understanding as to *** present study assesses characteristics associated with the placebo response in a nutraceutical trial with a large proportion of placebo *** This is a secondary analysis of a nutraceutical depression RCT which identified no overall treatment benefit relative to placebo(n=69 in placebo group).We investigated participant characteristics such as socio-demographics,clinical features,and recruitment methods,and their association with the placebo *** genetic polymorphisms were also *** response was measured based on ch.nge in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale *** association of these hypothesis-driven variables of interest and the placebo response was examined using linear mixed effects *** Greater levels of education,particularly pursuing post-high school education,better self-reported general health,marriage/de facto,greater improvement in the first trial week,and more failed antidepressant therapies in the current depressive episode were associated with greater placebo *** increased placebo response was not found in those recruited via social media nor in those with concomitant antidepressant *** nucleotide polymorphisms from the tryptophan hydroxylase 1(TPh1)gene(A779C and A218C)were weakly associated with greater placebo response,although the evidence was attenuated after accounting for multiple *** This is,to our knowledge,the first study within nutraceutical research for depression to assess the association between participant characteristics and variation in the placebo *** variables appeared to predict the placebo *** findings may encourage future trial design

关键词： Randomized controlled trial Placebo Depression Nutraceutical Psychiatry

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Ethnocultural heritage of the North-Eastern Caucasus as a factor of eco-tourism development

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第8期21卷 2810-2824页

作者： Zaburaeva Khava sh. Complex Research Institute named after Kh.I.Ibragimov of the Russian Academy of Sciences Grozny 366002Russia

The North-East Caucasus is a multi-ethnic mountain macroregion with a rich cultural heritage,insufficiently studied in the context of the ecotourism *** fill this gap and identify promising directions of environmentally safe forms of tourism,the author used in-depth review of modern literature to investigate the features of ecological tourism and the problems of preserving ethno-cultural heritage,and used historical and comparative-geographical methods to analyze the development of the tangible and intangible cultural heritage of the indigenous peoples of the North-Eastern Caucasus in different historical periods and to identify the geographical peculiarities of the distribution of historical and cultural monuments(tower buildings),pilgrimage sites and centers of traditional crafts and *** part of the planned expeditions,the author personally visited some historical monuments and handicraft centers for a deeper study of ethno-cultural *** cartographic method made it possible to visualize the *** results of the research show that the ethnocultural heritage of the North-East Caucasus is formed by material(historical and cultural monuments)and immaterial elements of culture(language,customs,traditions,ethnic identification)of those peoples,who live *** ethnocultural heritage is considered as the most important factor in the development of the tourism *** is revealed that this region has a large potential for development in various areas of *** highest concentration of religious buildings focused in mountainous *** tower structures were erected in mountainous and high-altitude *** ancient times to the present day there have been preserved various types of crafts and trades(pottery,metalworking,burka making,jewelry making,carpet weaving,gold embroidery,wood and stone carving,etc.),which can become objects of *** ethnocultural heritage of the North-East Caucasus needs to be preserved a

关键词： Mountainous districts Sustainable development Prospects Stone Towers Folk crafts

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Single-pilot operations in commercial flight:Effects on neural activity and visual behaviour under abnormalities and emergencies

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第8期37卷 277-292页

作者： Qinbiao LI Chun-hsien ChEN Kam K.h.ng Xin YUAN Cho Yin YIU human Factors and Ergonomics Laboratory Department of Aeronautical and Aviation EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative Region 100872China School of Mechanical&Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore

With cutting-edge technologies and considering airline human-resource-saving,a single pilot in commercial jets could be technically *** ch.nges in captains’natural behaviours are initially required to comprehend the specific safe human performance envelope for safeguarding single-pilot flight,particularly in high-risk *** paper investigates how captains’performance transforms for fixing emergencies when operating from Dual-Pilot operations(DPo)to Single-Pilot operations(SPo)through a physiological-based *** pilots flew an emergency-included flight with/without first officers’*** neural activities and scanning behaviours were recorded using a 32-channel Electroencephalogram(EEG)and glasses-based eye tracker,with the observation and post-experiment questionnaires to evaluate the flight operations and pilots’*** alone,there was a significantly increased cortical activity in h and b waves over the frontal,parietal,and temporal lobes during the more complicated emergencies,and pilots focused less on the primary flight display while spending significantly more time scanning the other *** physiological fluctuating patterns associated with risky operations in SPo were highlighted by cross-correlating multimodal *** experimental-based noteworthy insights may wish to inform commercial SPo measures to lessen the persistent physiological fluctuation,assisting airlines in creating SPo-oriented intelligent flight systems to give captains adequate support for assuring safer air transportation.

关键词： Aviation engineering Single pilot operations Behaviour ch.nges Eye tracker Electroencephalogram

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Jetting-based bioprinting:process,dispense physics,and applications

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第5期7卷 771-799页

作者： Wei Long ng Viktor sh.olnikov Singapore Centre for 3D Printing(SC3DP) School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological University(NTU)Singapore 639798Singapore hP Inc. Palo AltoCA 94304USA

Jetting-based bioprinting facilitates contactless drop-on-demand deposition of subnanoliter droplets at well-defined positions to control the spatial arrangement of cells,growth factors,drugs,and biomaterials in a highly automated layer-by-layer fabrication *** to its immense versatility,jetting-based bioprinting has been used for various applications,including tissue engineering and regenerative medicine,wound healing,and drug development.A lack of in-depth understanding exists in the processes that occur during jetting-based *** review paper will comprehensively discuss the physical considerations for bioinks and printing conditions used in jetting-based *** first present an overview of different jetting-based bioprinting techniques such as inkjet bioprinting,laser-induced forward transfer bioprinting,electrohydrodynamic jet bioprinting,acoustic bioprinting and microvalve ***,we provide an in-depth discussion of various considerations for bioink formulation relating to cell deposition,print chamber design,droplet formation and droplet ***,we highlight recent accomplishments in jetting-based *** present the advantages and challenges of each method,discuss considerations relating to cell viability and protein stability,and conclude by providing insights into future directions of jetting-based bioprinting.

关键词： 3D bioprinting Biofabrication Jetting-based Dispense physics Machine learning

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Dysfunction of synaptic endocytic trafficking in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2649-2660页

作者： Xin Yi ng Mian Cao Programme in Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore Department of Physiology National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

Parkinson's disease is characterized by the selective degeneration of dopamine neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway and dopamine deficiency in the *** precise reasons behind the specific degeneration of these dopamine neurons remain largely *** investigations have identified over 20 causative PARK genes and 90 genomic risk loci associated with both familial and sporadic Parkinson's ***,several of these genes are linked to the synaptic vesicle recycling process,particularly the clathrinmediated endocytosis *** suggests that impaired synaptic vesicle recycling might represent an early feature of Parkinson's disease,followed by axonal degeneration and the eventual loss of dopamine cell bodies in the midbrain via a"dying back"***,several new animal and cellular models with Parkinson's disease-linked mutations affecting the endocytic pathway have been created and extensively *** models faithfully recapitulate certain Parkinson's disease-like features at the animal,circuit,and cellular levels,and exhibit defects in synaptic membrane trafficking,further supporting the findings from human genetics and clinical *** this review,we will first summarize the cellular and molecular findings from the models of two Parkinson's disease-linked clathrin uncoating proteins:auxilin(DNAJC6/PARK19)and synaptojanin 1(SYNJ1/PARK20).The mouse models carrying these two PARK gene mutations phenocopy each other with specific dopamine terminal pathology and display a potent synergistic ***,we will delve into the involvement of several clathrin-mediated endocytosis-related proteins(GAK,endophilin A1,SAC2/INPP5 F,synaptotagmin-11),identified as Parkinson's disease risk factors through genome-wide association studies,in Parkinson's disease *** will also explore the direct or indirect roles of some common Parkinson's disease-linked proteins(alpha-synuclein(PARK1/4),Parkin(PARK2),and LRRK2(PARK

关键词： autophagy auxilin/PARK19 clathrin-mediated endocytosis dopamine neurons neurodegeneration nigrostriatal pathway Parkinson's disease synaptic vesicle recycling synaptojanin1/PARK20

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Deep Weighted Fusion Learning(DWFL)-based multi-sensor fusion model for accurate building occupancy detection

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Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 542-554页

作者： MdRumman Rafi Fei hu shuhui Li Aijun song Xingli Zh.ng Zh.ng o’Neill Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaALUSA Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityTXUSA

With the advancement of artificial intelligence,the dominance of deep learning(DL)models over ordinary machine learning(ML)algorithms has become a reality in recent years due to its capability of handling complex pattern recognition without manual feature *** the growing demands for power savings,building energy loss reduction could benefit from DL *** buildings/rooms with the varying number of occupants,heating,ventilation,and air conditioning(hVAC)systems are often found in operations without much *** reduce the building’s energy loss,accurate occupancy detection/prediction(oDP)results could be used to control the proper operations of ***,oDP is a challenging issue due to multiple reasons,such as improper selection/deployment of sensors,inefficient learning algorithms for pattern recognition,varying room conditions,*** overcome the above challenges,we propose a DL-based framework,i.e.,Deep Weighted Fusion Learning(DWFL),to detect and predict occupancy counts with optimal multi-sensor fusion *** fuses the extracted features from multiple types of sensors with the priority/weight assignment to each *** weight assignment considers different room conditions and the pros/cons of each type of *** evaluate DWFL model in terms of occupancy prediction accuracy,we have set up an experimental testbed with low-cost cameras,carbon dioxide(Co_(2)),and passive infrared(PIR)*** the recently proposed occupancy detection models,DeepFusion utilized deep learning model on heterogeneous sensor data and achieved 88%accuracy in occupancy count estimation(Xue et al.,2019).Another deep learning-based model MI-PIR achieved 91%accuracy on raw analog data from PIR sensors(Andrews et al.,2020).our research outcome is 94%.Therefore,the experiment results show that our DWFL scheme outperforms the state-of-the-art oDP methods by 3%.

关键词： Building energy saving Convolutional neural network(CNN) occupancy detection Deep learning Multi-sensor fusion Wavelet transform

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The Persistence and Zonal Scale of Atmospheric Dipolar Modes

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第3期41卷 478-492页

作者： Jie song State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric Physics(IAP)Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

This study investigates the relationship between the persistence and the zonal scale of atmospheric dipolar modes(DMs). Results from the daily data of ERA5 and the long-term output of an idealized atmospheric model show that the atmospheric DMs with a broader(narrower) zonal scale dipolar structure possess a longer(shorter) persistence. A detailed vorticity budget analysis indicates that the persistence of a hemispheric-scale DM(1/1 DM) and a regional or sectoral DM(1/8 DM) in the model both largely rely on the persistence of the nonlinear eddy forcing. Linear terms can indirectly reduce the persistence of the anomalous nonlinear eddy forcing in a 1/8 DM by modifying the baroclinicity via the arousal of anomalous vertical motions. Therefore, the atmospheric DMs with a broader(narrower) zonal scale possess a longer(shorter) persistence because the effects of the linear terms are less(more) pronounced when the atmospheric DMs have better(worse) zonal symmetry. Further analyses show that the positive eddy feedback effect is weak or even absent in a 1/8DM and the high-frequency eddy forcing acts more like a concomitant phenomenon rather than a leading driving factor for a 1/8 DM. Thus, the hemispheric-scale DM and the regional or sectoral DMs are different, not only in their persistence but also in their dynamics.

关键词： NAM NAo eddy feedback persistence linear term

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Stability and Generalization of hypergraph Collaborative Networks

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第1期21卷 184-196页

作者： Michael K.ng hanrui Wu Andy Yip Institute of Data Science The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Mathematics The University of Hong KongHong KongChina College of Information Science and Technology Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Graph neural networks have been shown to be very effective in utilizing pairwise relationships across ***,there have been several successful proposals to generalize graph neural networks to hypergraph neural networks to exploit more com-plex *** particular,the hypergraph collaborative networks yield superior results compared to other hypergraph neural net-works for various semi-supervised learning *** collaborative network can provide high quality vertex embeddings and hyperedge embeddings together by formulating them as a joint optimization problem and by using their consistency in reconstructing the given *** this paper,we aim to establish the algorithmic stability of the core layer of the collaborative network and provide generaliz--ation *** analysis sheds light on the design of hypergraph filters in collaborative networks,for instance,how the data and hypergraph filters should be scaled to achieve uniform stability of the learning *** experimental results on real-world datasets are presented to illustrate the theory.

关键词： hypergraphs vertices hyperedges collaborative networks graph convolutional neural networks(CNNs) stability generalization guarantees

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Identification of Linear Systems Using Binary Sensors with Random Thresholds

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第3期37卷 907-923页

作者： hUAng Zhiyong song Qijiang School of Mathematics Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China School of Mathematics Sino-French InstituteRenmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China

In this paper,the problem of identifying autoregressive-moving-average systems under random threshold binary-valued output measurements is *** the help of stochastic approximation algorithms with expanding truncations,the authors give the recursive estimates for the parameters of both the linear system and the binary *** reasonable conditions,all constructed estimates are proved to be convergent to the true values with probability one,and the convergence rates are also established.A simulation example is provided to justify the theoretical results.

关键词： α-mixing binary sensor quantized system stochastic approximation stochastic thresh.old strongly consistent system identification

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Perspectives in human brain plasticity sparked by glioma invasion:from intraoperative(re)mappings to neural reconfigurations

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 947-948页

作者： Sam ng hugues Duffau Guillaume herbet Department of Neurosurgery Gui de Chauliac HospitalMontpellier University Medical CenterMontpellierFrance Institute of Functional Genomics University of MontpellierCNRSINSERMMontpellierFrance Praxiling Laboratory UMR5267CNRSPaul Valéry-Montpellier 3 UniversityMontpellierFrance

Exploring the aptitude of the human brain to compensate functional consequences of a lesion damaging its structural architecture is a key challenge to improve patient care in various neurological diseases,to optimize neuroscientifically-informed strategies of postlesional rehabilitation,and ultimately to develop innovative neuro-regenerative *** term‘plasticity’,initially referring to the intrinsic propensity of neurons to modulate their synaptic transmission in a learning situation,was progressively transposed to brain injury research and clinical ***,in the event of brain damage,adaptive mechanisms of compensation allow a partial reshaping of the structure and activities of the central nervous system,thus permitting to some extent the maintenance of brain functions.

关键词： plasticity figuration consequences

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