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An Accelerated Stochastic Mirror Descent Method

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2024年第3期12卷 549-571页

作者： Bo-Ou jiang Ya-Xiang Yuan LSEC ICMSECAMSSChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Department of Mathematics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China

Driven by large-scale optimization problems arising from machine learning,the development of stochastic optimization methods has witnessed a huge *** types of methods have been developed based on vanilla stochastic gradient descent ***,for most algorithms,convergence rate in stochastic setting cannot simply match that in deterministic *** understanding the gap between deterministic and stochastic optimization is the main goal of this ***,we are interested in Nesterov acceleration of gradient-based *** our study,we focus on acceleration of stochastic mirror descent method with implicit regularization *** that the problem objective is smooth and convex or strongly convex,our analysis prescribes the method parameters which ensure fast convergence of the estimation error and satisfied numerical performance.

关键词： Large-scale optimization Variance reduction Mirror descent Acceleration Independent sampling Importance sampling

Revealing the Regulation Effect of Surface Charge at Aromatic Interface to Dynamic Conformational Changes of α-Synuclein at Early Aggregation Stage

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第16期42卷 1867-1876页

作者： Yuqi Zhang Lie Wu Xiue jiang State Key Laboratoryof Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun Jilin 130022China Schoolof Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei Anhui 230026China Research Center for Analytical Science College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

The aggregation ofα-synuclein(α-syn)is strongly influenced by membrane interfaces,but the mechanism of transition from monomers to oligomers at early aggregation stage is not ***,we investigate the adsorption and structure changes ofα-syn on oppositely charged aromatic interfaces through in-situ surface-enhanced infrared absorption(SEIRA)spectroscopy and nano-IR *** results show that the synergy of electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions leads to a“fast-slow”two-step aggregation pathway on negatively charged *** adsorption induces the formation of an extended helix structure and subsequently partial helix unwinding in NAC region,which enables the hydrophobic stacking between nearby NAC *** antiparallel β-sheet rich aggregates are gradually emerging as further interactions of monomers with the fast formed“first layer”.Monomers electrostatically adsorb on positively charged interface by C-terminus with NAC region and N-terminus stretched in solvent,which serve as an aggregation core and induce further adsorption and gradual formation of aggregates with C-terminus *** results demonstrate the modulation of surface charge and synergy of electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions on the interaction modes and aggregation pathways,which provide insights into dynamic conformation changes ofα-syn at early aggregation stage and imply the important role of spatial-temporal heterogeneity of membranes inα-synucleinopathies.

关键词： α-Synuclein Interface Early aggregation IR spectroscopy Surface analysis Analytical methods Proteins Dynamic monitoring

The fast method and convergence analysis of the fractional magnetohydrodynamic coupled flow and heat transfer model for the generalized second-grade fluid

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第4期67卷 919-950页

作者： Xiaoqing Chi Hui Zhang Xiaoyun jiang School of Mathematics and Statistics Shandong UniversityWeihai 264209China School of Mathematics Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China

In this paper,we first establish a new fractional magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)coupled flow and heat transfer model for a generalized second-grade *** coupled model consists of a fractional momentum equation and a heat conduction equation with a generalized form of Fourier *** second-order fractional backward difference formula is applied to the temporal discretization and the Legendre spectral method is used for the spatial *** fully discrete scheme is proved to be stable and convergent with an accuracy of O(τ^(2)+N-r),whereτis the time step-size and N is the polynomial *** reduce the memory requirements and computational cost,a fast method is developed,which is based on a globally uniform approximation of the trapezoidal rule for integrals on the real *** strict convergence of the numerical scheme with this fast method is *** present the results of several numerical experiments to verify the effectiveness of the proposed ***,we simulate the unsteady fractional MHD flow and heat transfer of the generalized second-grade fluid through a porous *** effects of the relevant parameters on the velocity and temperature are presented and analyzed in detail.

关键词： fractional MHD coupled flow and heat transfer model generalized second-grade fuid fast method convergence analysis numerical simulation

Supplementation with dimethylglycine sodium salt improves lipid metabolism disorder in intrauterine growth-retarded pigs

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 191-202页

作者： Kaiwen Bai Luyi jiang Tian Wang School of Biological and Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Science and TechnologyHangzhou 310023China College of Animal Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China College of Biology and Environmental Engineering Zhejiang Shuren UniversityHangzhou 310023China Institute of Dairy Science Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionCollege of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310023China

This study aims to elucidate the mechanism of lipid metabolism disorder in intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR)pigs and the potential alleviating effects of dimethylglycine sodium salt(DMG-Na).A total of 60 male newborn piglets were selected for this *** each litter,one normal birth weight(NBW)male piglet(1.53±0.04 kg)and two IUGR male piglets(0.76±0.06 kg)were chosen based on their birth *** piglets were divided into three groups for the study:NBW pigs received a PBS gavage and a common basal diet(NBW-C group),IUGR pigs received the same PBS gavage and common basal diet(IUGR-C group),and IUGR pigs received a 70-mg DMG-Na gavage along with a common basal diet supplemented with 0.1%DMG-Na(IUGR-D group).At 150 d of age,all piglets underwent euthanasia by exsanguination following electrical stunning,after which plasma,liver,and longissimus dorsi(LM)samples were promptly *** IUGR-D group demonstrated improvements in plasma parameters(Pshowed increased levels(Pshowed improvement(P<0.05),with higher pH 24 h and a^(*)values,and lower drip loss 48 h,L^(*),and b^(*)*** expressions of lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function-related genes and proteins were upregulated(P<0.05)compared to the IUGR-C *** conclusio

关键词： Intrauterine growth retardation Pig Lipid metabolism Mitochondrial function Dimethylglycine sodium salt

主动脉峡部血流指数及血清CysC对妊娠期糖尿病胎儿心功能的评价及围产儿结局的评估价值

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中国妇产科临床杂志 2024年第5期25卷 442-444页

作者：蒋爱清陈飞杨鹤亳州市人民医院超声科安徽亳州236800 亳州市人民医院妇产科安徽亳州236800

目的探讨主动脉峡部血流指数(IFI)及血清胱抑素C(CysC)对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)胎儿心功能的评价及围产儿结局的评估价值。方法回顾性分析2021年3月至2022年12月亳州市人民医院接诊的103例GDM患者的临床资料作为观察组,并选择本院同期88例... 详细信息

目的探讨主动脉峡部血流指数(IFI)及血清胱抑素C(CysC)对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)胎儿心功能的评价及围产儿结局的评估价值。方法回顾性分析2021年3月至2022年12月亳州市人民医院接诊的103例GDM患者的临床资料作为观察组,并选择本院同期88例身体健康的妊娠中期孕妇作为对照组。比较两组的IFI、CysC、等容舒张时间(IRT)、等容收缩时间(ICT)、射血时间(ET)的表达水平,记录两组围产儿结局。采用Pearson相关分析法分析IFI、血清CysC与IRT、ICT、ET的相关性。结果观察组IFI、ET水平低于对照组,CysC、IRT、ICT水平均高于对照组(P<0.05);经Pearson相关分析结果显示,IFI水平与IRT、ICT均呈负相关,IFI水平与ET呈正相关,血清CysC水平与ET呈负相关,血清CysC水平与IRT、ICT、ET均呈正相关(P<0.05);观察组围产儿不良结局总发生率高于对照组(P<0.05);不良结局组IFI水平低于良好结局组,CysC水平高于良好结局组(P<0.05)。结论IFI及血清CysC对GDM胎儿心功能及围产儿结局的具有一定的评估价值。

关键词：妊娠期糖尿病主动脉峡部血流指数胱抑素C 胎儿心功能围产儿结局

Energy-Preserving Parareal-RKN Algorithms for Hamiltonian Systems

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2024年第1期17卷 121-144页

作者： Zhen Miao Bin Wang Yaolin jiang School of Mathematics and Statistics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072P.R.China School of Mathematics and Statistics Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049P.R.China

In this paper,we formulate and analyse a kind of parareal-RKN algo-rithms with energy conservation for Hamiltonian *** proposed algorithms are constructed by using the ideas of parareal methods,Runge-Kutta-Nystr¨om(RKN)methods and projection *** is shown that the algorithms can exactly pre-serve the energy of Hamiltonian ***,the convergence of the integra-tors is rigorously *** numerical experiments are carried out to support the theoretical results presented in this paper and show the numerical behaviour of the derived algorithms.

关键词： Parareal methods Runge-Kutta-Nystr¨om methods Hamiltonian systems energy conservation

Traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of immune-related nephropathy:A review

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第1期14卷 38-66页

作者： Pu jiang Changliang Yao De-an Guo School of Pharmacy Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023China shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization TechnologyShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203China

Immune-related nephropathy(IRN)refers to immune-response-mediated glomerulonephritis and is the main cause of end-stage renal *** pathogenesis of IRN is not fully understood;therefore,treatment is *** Chinese medicines(TCMs)have potent clinical effects in the treatment of the IRN conditions immunoglobulin A nephropathy,lupus nephropathy,and diabetic *** underlying mechanisms mainly include its inhibition of inflammation;improvements to renal interstitial fibrosis,oxidative stress,autophagy,apoptosis;and regulation of *** this review,we summarize the clinical symptoms of the three IRN subtypes and the use of TCM prescriptions,herbs,and bioactive compounds in treating IRN,as well as the potential mechanisms,intending to provide a reference for the future study of TCM as IRN treatments.

关键词： IgA nephropathy Diabetic nephropathy Lupus nephritis Traditional Chinese medicine Immunity Pathogenesis Mechanism Pathophysiology

An overview and perspective of identifying lunar craters

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1395-1416页

作者： Yan jiang Changyi Xu Ling CHEN State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The spatiotemporal evolution of lunar impact craters is crucial for investigating lunar interior structure,internal and external dynamic processes,and interplanetary impact *** in lunar crater identification are reviewed based on topography and gravity data,and the features and mechanisms of topographic or buried craters are analyzed regarding morphology,gravity anomalies,gravity gradients,and the underlying crust-mantle interface *** on the compiled crater catalog,the early lunar impact flux and thermal evolution are further discussed according to the basin ages and their interior *** some ancient impact basins,the crater size-frequency distribution measurements revealed age discrepancies from previous studies,suggesting that the lunar late heavy bombardment event started at~3.95 *** degraded bulge structures of the crust-mantle interface beneath mare basins reveal that these basins formed on the lunar crust surface under high-temperature conditions and underwent prolonged relaxation compared to highland ***,we reveal that the up-to-date identification of lunar buried craters remains inaccurate and incomplete,preventing us from accurately reconstructing lunar and interplanetary impact ***,we propose that a gravity model constructed using localized orthogonal basis functions can be useful for identifying lunar craters.

关键词： Moon Gravity field Craters Impact flux Early evolution

Effect of miR-124 Overexpression under Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway on Inflammatory Factor and Epidermal Growth Factor in Rats with Precancerous Gastric Lesions

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Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering 2024年第01期33卷 17-26页

作者： ZHOU Li-jiang Zhejiang Chinese Medical University shangyu People's Hospital of shaoxing

Objective: To investigate the effects of miR-124 overexpression on inflammatory factors and epidermal growth factor in rats with gastric precancerous lesions by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Methods: Eighty SPF-grade Wistar rats were selected as the research subjects. After adaptive feeding,they were divided into 4 groups using a random number table method. The control group was fed a regular diet, while the model group, low expression group, and overexpression group of rats were treated with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine to establish a model of gastric cancer precancerous lesions. After successful modeling, the control group and model group rats were injected intraperitoneally with 0.9% sodium chloride solution, the low-expression group rats were injected intraperitoneally with miR-124-5p inhibitor, and the over-expression group rats were injected intraperitoneally with miR-124-5p mimic. After 8 weeks of continuous injection, the levels of miR-124,Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-related proteins, inflammatory factors, and epidermal growth factor were observed and compared among the four groups of rats. Results: The differences in the relative expression of miR-124 among the four groups of rats were statistically significant(P<0.05); the differences in the expression of Wnt protein andβ-catenin protein among the four groups of rats were statistically significant(P<0.05),and the expression of Wnt protein and β-catenin protein in the overexpression group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and significantly lower than that in the model group and the low-expression group; the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-αof rats in the four groups of rats IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels were statistically different(P<0.05), and the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in rats in the overexpression group were higher than those in the model group and significantly lower than those in the model group and the low-expression group(P<0.05); the differ

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