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“时代新人”精神状态的前提追问、主要内容及优化路径

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思想政治教育研究 2024年第4期40卷 133-140页

作者：栾青天津理工大学马克思主义学院天津300380

进入新时代,民族复兴伟业对担当大任的“时代新人”在各项能力和素质上都提出来更高的要求。据此,我们对“时代新人”进行了更加深入地探索,充分认识到其精神状态的重要性。要优化“时代新人”的精神状态就要从历史进程、现实发展以及... 详细信息

进入新时代,民族复兴伟业对担当大任的“时代新人”在各项能力和素质上都提出来更高的要求。据此,我们对“时代新人”进行了更加深入地探索,充分认识到其精神状态的重要性。要优化“时代新人”的精神状态就要从历史进程、现实发展以及理论渊源三个层面追问考察时代新人精神状态的依据,回答“为什么优化”的问题;全面分析其精神状态的主要内容,明确“优化什么”;进而通过深刻认识和发挥理论知识、文化资源、实践锻炼以及人的主观因素在优化人精神状态过程中的作用,帮助“时代新人”最终达成良好的精神状态,解决“如何优化”的问题。

关键词：时代新人精神状态优化路径

Recess-free enhancement-mode AlGaN/GaN RF HEMTs on Si substrate

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第6期45卷 81-86页

作者： Tiantian luan Sen Huang Guanjun Jing Jie Fan Haibo Yin Xinguo Gao sh.ng Zhang Ke Wei Yankui Li Qimeng Jiang Xinhua Wang Bin Hou Ling Yang Xiaohua Ma Xinyu Liu High-Frequency High-Voltage Device and Integrated Circuits R&D Center Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of SciencesBe i-jing 100029China School of integrated Circuits University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Faculty of integrated Circuits Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China

Enhancement-mode(E-mode)GaN-on-Si radio-frequency(RF)high-electron-mobility transistors(HEMTs)were fabri-cated on an ultrathin-barrier(UTB)AlGaN(<6 nm)/GaN heterostructure featuring a naturally depleted 2-D electron g... 详细信息

Enhancement-mode(E-mode)GaN-on-Si radio-frequency(RF)high-electron-mobility transistors(HEMTs)were fabri-cated on an ultrathin-barrier(UTB)AlGaN(sh.ld voltage(VTH)of+1.1 V with good uniformity.A maxi-mum current/power gain cut-off frequency(fT/fMAX)of 31.3/99.6 GHz with a power added efficiency(PAE)of 52.47%and an out-put power density(Pout)of 1.0 W/mm at 3.5 GHz were achieved on the fabricated E-mode HEMTs with 1-μm gate and Au-free ohmic contact.

关键词： AlGaN/GaN heterostructure ultrathin-barrier enhancement-mode radio-frequency power added efficiency silicon substrate

碳中和目标下中国森林碳储量、碳汇变化预估与潜力提升途径

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林业科学 2024年第4期60卷 157-172页

作者：刘世荣王晖李海奎余振栾军伟中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室北京100091 中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所国家林业和草原局森林经营与生长模拟重点实验室北京100091 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院南京210044 国际竹藤中心竹藤资源与环境研究所国家林业和草原局/北京市共建竹藤科学与技术重点实验室北京100102

增强森林固碳增汇功能是减缓大气二氧化碳浓度上升和全球气候变暖的重要手段,也是实现碳中和国家战略目标的有效途径。本研究基于文献分析法和模型模拟,系统阐述中国森林碳储量和碳汇现状、动态变化与潜力提升途径。根据国家森林资源连... 详细信息

增强森林固碳增汇功能是减缓大气二氧化碳浓度上升和全球气候变暖的重要手段,也是实现碳中和国家战略目标的有效途径。本研究基于文献分析法和模型模拟,系统阐述中国森林碳储量和碳汇现状、动态变化与潜力提升途径。根据国家森林资源连续清查数据测算的森林植被碳储量近5年平均年增长0.152 Pg(以C计),2000s—2010s中国陆地生态系统碳汇量约229.7 Tg·a^(-1)(以C计),其中森林植被(指乔木林)碳储量约增加150.6 Tg·a^(-1)(以C计),约占整个陆地生态系统植被碳汇量的65.6%。过去70年,中国森林已从碳源转变为逐渐增强的碳汇。在森林面积保持不变的情景下,相比2000s—2010s时段,2030年后现有乔木林的生物量碳汇将有所下降;如果森林面积未来持续增加,2030—2050年中国新增乔木林的碳汇量仍将呈增加趋势。在全球变化背景下,气候变化及其引发的风险(极端干旱与热浪事件、森林火灾、病虫害等)可能会削弱森林碳汇功能。为维持并提升森林碳储量和碳汇潜力,需要采取森林碳储与碳汇双增以及森林碳汇与木质林产品碳库协同提升的策略,从保碳、增碳、扩碳和碳资源化利用的汇转移4个途径对森林资源实施保护修复、精准绿化、科学经营与合理利用以及多时空尺度的优化布局,同时重视森林土壤碳库增汇的长期效应。在林业减缓和适应气候变化框架下,森林碳汇潜力提升未来研究重点是科学推进国土绿化适宜造林地和树种选择,森林经营增汇技术,森林碳储、碳汇协同提升与木质产品库的碳汇转移与存续的时空配置优化模式,森林土壤固碳增汇机制以及潜力研究,准确评估森林碳汇对实现国家碳中和目标的贡献及其时间表和路线图。

关键词：森林碳储量碳汇森林面积固碳潜力碳增汇技术

Clinical and pathological characteristics and expression of related molecules in patients with airway disseminated lung adenocarcinoma

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Oncology and Translational Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 30-34页

作者： Wei luan sh.ai Liu Kai Zhang Yin-Zai He Department of Oncology Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's HospitalHohhotInner MongoliaChina Thoracic Tumor Surgery Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's HospitalHohhotInner MongoliaChina

Objective:Lung adenocarcinoma exhibits diverse genetic and morphological backgrounds,in addition to considerable differences in clinical pathology and molecular biological *** these,the phenomenon of spread through air space(STAS),a distinct mode of lung cancer infiltration,has rarely been ***,this study aimed to explore the relationsh.p between STAS tumor cells and the clinical and molecular characteristics of patients with lung adenocarcinoma,as well as their impact on ***:This study included 147 patients who were diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma at the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Cancer Institute between January 2014 and December *** resection specimens were retrospectively *** univariate and multivariate Cox analyses,we assessed the association between STAS and the clinicopathological features and molecular characteristics of patients with lung ***,we investigated the effects on patient *** addition,we developed a column–line plot prediction model and performed internal ***:Patients with positive STAS had a significantly higher proportion of tumors with a diameter≥2 cm,with infiltration around the pleura,blood vessels,and nerves,and a pathological stage>IIB than in STAS-negative patients(Psh.w test were 0.8 and 0.2,respectively,indicating no statistical *** operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated areas under the curve of 0.884 and 0.872 for the training and validation groups,*** nomogram model exhibited the best fit with a value of ***:Clinical stage,pleural invasion,vascular invasion,periph

关键词： Airway dissemination of tumor cells Lung adenocarcinoma Clinicopathological characteristics Nomogram Prognosis prediction model

Baicalein suppresses Coxsackievirus B3 replication by inhibiting caspase-1 and viral protease 2A

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第4期39卷 685-693页

作者： Yanyan Dong Enze sh.o Siwei Li Ruiqi Wang Dan Wang Lixin Wang Hong Yang Yingxia He Tian luan Yang Chen Yao Wang Lexun Lin Yan Wang Zhaohua Zhong Wenran Zhao Department of Cell Biology Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin 150081China Department of Microbiology Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin 150081China

Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the cardiac muscle and one of the primary causes of dilated *** B coxsackievirus(CVB)is one of the leading causative pathogens of viral myocarditis,which primarily affects children and young *** to the lack of vaccines,the development of antiviral medicines is crucial to controlling CVB infection and the progression of *** this study,we investigated the antiviral effect of baicalein,a flavonoid extracted from Scutellaria *** results demonstrated that baicalein treatment significantly reduced cytopathic effect and increased cell viability in CVB3-infected *** addition,significant reductions in viral protein 3D,viral RNA,and viral particles were observed in CVB3-infected cells treated with *** found that baicalein exerted its inhibitory effect in the early stages of CVB3 *** also suppressed viral replication in the myocardium and effectively alleviated myocarditis induced by CVB3 *** study revealed that baicalein exerts its antiviral effect by inhibiting the activity of caspase-1 and viral protease *** together,our findings demonstrate that baicalein has antiviral activity against CVB3 infection and may serve as a potential therapeutic option for the myocarditis caused by enterovirus infection.

关键词： Baicalein Coxsackievirus B(CVB) Myocarditis 2A protease Caspase-1

Atomically Dispersed Pt and NiO Clusters Synergistically Enhanced C–O Bond Hydrogenolysis

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第3期6卷 709-718页

作者： Junjuan Yang Sen luan Minghua Dong yuxuan Wu Xueqing Xing Xingwu Liu Junfeng Xiang Zhijuan Zhao sh.openg Li Bin Zhang Huizhen Liu Buxing Han Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy PhysicsBeijing 100049 National Energy Center for Coal to Liquids Synfuels China Co.Ltd.Huairou DistrictBeijing 101400 Center for Physicochemical Analysis and Measurement Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 Physical Science Laboratory Huairou National Comprehensive Science CenterUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049

C–Obond activation is a highly efficient,fundamental strategy in the depolymerization and hydrodeoxygenation of chemicals with oxygen-containing functional groups such as oil,coal,and *** efficient catalysts for C–Oactivation with ultralow-loading noble and non-noble metals is highly desirable for the improvement of metal atomic ***,bimetallic catalysts with atomically dispersed Pt and NiO clusters on different supports were fabricated,and the prepared Pt^(δ+)-NiO/Nb_(2)O_(5)and Pt^(δ+)-NiO/TiO_(2)sh.wed outstanding activity for the hydrogenolysis of benzyl phenyl ether with>99%yield of phenol and toluene due to the excellent cooperation of atomically dispersed Pt and NiO *** synergy mechanism between Pt and Ni and their respective roles in the bimetallic catalyst for C–O hydrogenolysis were clearly *** findings deepen our understanding of the synergy of the two active components and are expected to provide new design concepts for the development of multicomponents catalysts.

关键词： bimetallic catalysis synergistic effect C-O bond activation hydrogenolysis hydrogen spillover

县域普通高中教育财政资源配置空间格局及驱动机制——基于1615个县生均经费的实证研究

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中国教育学刊 2024年第5期 28-35页

作者：于璇栾晓晶张晶晶青岛大学师范学院山东青岛266071

基于2016—2021年县级层面普通高中生均教育事业费支出数据,采用Theil指数三阶段嵌套分解、GIS空间分析和地理探测器等方法,系统考察我国县域普通高中教育财政资源配置空间格局及驱动机制。研究发现,县中生均事业费支出呈现“东西高,中... 详细信息

基于2016—2021年县级层面普通高中生均教育事业费支出数据,采用Theil指数三阶段嵌套分解、GIS空间分析和地理探测器等方法,系统考察我国县域普通高中教育财政资源配置空间格局及驱动机制。研究发现,县中生均事业费支出呈现“东西高,中部、东北塌陷”的空间非均衡特征,县域间差异是总体差异的主要来源;支出分布存在显著空间正相关效应,显著HH区集中在东部长三角、山东半岛以及新疆、青海藏区等西部地带,显著LL区在中部和东北部集聚;县域经济社会发展、县级财政、转移支付和教育状况等因素综合驱动空间格局的形成。为此,建议推进东部县域间协同合作和资源共享,建立县域教育协同监测评估机制;加大教育财政转移支付力度,建立基于人口流动趋势和学龄人口预测的财政拨款标准;强化省级政府县中教育财政责任,构建精准有效的差别化扶持机制。

关键词：县域普通高中教育财政资源配置县中生均事业费空间格局

Composition,function,and timing:exploring the early‑life gut microbiota in piglets for probiotic interventions

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 659-678页

作者： Jianping Quan Cineng Xu Donglin Ruan Yong Ye Yibin Qiu Jie Wu sh.nping Zhou Menghao luan Xiang Zhao yue Chen Danyang Lin Ying Sun Jifei Yang Enqin Zheng Gengyuan Cai Zhenfang Wu Jie Yang College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongPeople’s Republic of China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro‑Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina yunfu Subcenter of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture YunfuGuangdongChina National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry Wens Foodstuff Group Co.Ltd.YunfuGuangdongPeople’s Republic of China

Background The establish.ent of a robust gut microbiota in piglets during their early developmental stage holds the potential for long-term advantageous ***,the optimal timeframe for introducing probiotics to achieve this outcome remains *** In the context of this investigation,we conducted a longitudinal assessment of the fecal microbiota of 63 piglets at three distinct pre-weaning time ***,we gathered vaginal and fecal samples from 23 *** 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequencing methodologies,we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the fluctuation patterns in microbial composition,functional capacity,interaction networks,and colonization resistance within the gut microbiota of *** the piglets progressed in age,discernible modifications in intestinal microbial diversity,composition,and function were observed.A source-tracking analysis unveiled the pivotal role of fecal and vaginal microbiota derived from sows in populating the gut microbiota of neonatal *** D21,the microbial interaction network displayed a more concise and efficient configuration,accompanied by enhanced colonization resistance relative to the other two time ***,we identified three strains of Ruminococcus *** D10 as potential candidates for improving piglets’weight gain during the weaning *** The findings of this study propose that D10 represents the most opportune juncture for the introduction of external probiotic interventions during the early stages of piglet *** investigation augments our comprehension of the microbiota dynamics in early-life of piglets and offers valuable insights for guiding forthcoming probiotic interventions.

关键词： Colonization resistance Intestinal microbiota Piglet Weaning Weight gain

Co_(3)O_(4)/石墨炔异质界面用于高效硝酸根制氨

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新型炭材料（中英文） 2024年第1期39卷 142-151页

作者：陈朝阳赵淑雅栾晓雨郑志强闫佳玉薛玉瑞山东大学化学与化工学院物质创制与能量转换科学研究中心山东省物质创制与能量转换科学重点实验室山东济南250100

硝酸根还原反应(NtRR)是一种合成氨(NH3)的有效方法。催化剂的合成包括2步简单的工艺:首先在炭布(CC)上合成Co_(3)O_(4)纳米线,然后以六乙炔基苯(HEB)为前驱体在Co_(3)O_(4)表面生长石墨炔(GDY)(110°C, 10 h),从而可控合成Co_(3)O_(4)/... 详细信息

硝酸根还原反应(NtRR)是一种合成氨(NH3)的有效方法。催化剂的合成包括2步简单的工艺:首先在炭布(CC)上合成Co_(3)O_(4)纳米线,然后以六乙炔基苯(HEB)为前驱体在Co_(3)O_(4)表面生长石墨炔(GDY)(110°C, 10 h),从而可控合成Co_(3)O_(4)/GDY纳米线异质结催化剂。高分辨率扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(HRTEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和拉曼表征等证实了Co_(3)O_(4)/GDY异质界面的成功合成,界面处形成的独特的sp-C―Co键以及GDY与Co之间的不完全电荷转移为催化反应提供了持续的电子供应,保证了NtRR的高效进行。Co_(3)O_(4)/GDY在NtRR中展现了优异催化性能,其NH_(3)产率(YNH3)和法拉第效率(FE)分别达到了0.78 mmol h^(-1)cm^(-2)和92.45%。这项工作为在温和条件下,从废水中高性能生产氨的异质结构提供了一种通用方法。

关键词：石墨炔异质结构电催化硝酸根还原反应制氨