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Sero-Prevalence and Risk Factors of Diffusion of Peste des Petits Ruminants in Cameroon

Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2020年第7期10卷 103-115页

作者： severin loul Abel Wade Alexandre Michel Njan Nlôga Ministry of Livestock Fisheries and Animals Industries Yaounde Cameroon Center of Research on Emerging and Reemerging Diseases Yaounde Cameroon National Veterinary Laboratory Garoua Cameroon Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon

The present study was carried out between April 2015 and January 2016 to estimate the sero-prevalence and identify the risk factors of the peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in Cameroon. A total of 269 herds randomly sampled across the country have been studied and 1622 samples of serum have been levied on the sheep and goat. The c-ELISA has been studied in order to detect the presence of antibodies in small ruminants like an indicator of exposition to PPRV. The results revealed the circulation of PPRV in the country with a total sero-prevalence of 39% [95%CI;37 - 41] and a sero-prevalence of 63.2% [95%CI;57.2 - 69.2] at the herd level. Sero-prevalence was variable in the ten regions ranging from 7% [95% CI;6.2 - 8.4] to 73% [95% CI;62 - 84] with the northern zone (Adamawa, North and Far-North) having 52.3% [95% CI;37 - 60] and southern zone (including the remaining seven regions) recording 29% [95% CI;11 - 57]. Similarly, it was higher in animals found in urban/peri-urban areas than in rural areas with prevalence ratio of 2.9 [95% CI 2.54 - 3.4;p i.e. 3 times more, 1.6 [95% CI 1.36 - 1.90;p i.e. 1.6 times more, and 5.02 [95% CI 3.91 - 6.85;p i.e. 5 times more at national level, in the northern zone and in the southern area, respectively. Five risk factors have been identified: the breeding environment, introduction of new animals into the herds, gathering of animals for pasture and watering, wandering and transhumance. The breeding area appeared to be the most important risk factor associated with disease exposure. The control measures for the eradication of this disease must take into account the epidemiological situation, the breeding environment, animal transhumance and breeding system.

关键词： Small Ruminants Sero-Prevalence Risk Factors Peste des Petits Ruminants Cameroon

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Urological Emergencies at the University Hospital of Brazzaville: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Therapeutic Aspects

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第5期14卷 333-345页

作者： Roland Bertile Banga-Mouss Yannick Dimi Nyanga Irène Ondima Armel Melvin Atipo Ondongo Steve Aristide Ondziel-Opara Joseph Junior Damba Nick Arnaud Monabeka Christ Ondzé Daniella Gloire Ngassiele Gidmard Onguele Henock Songa Jetsvy Mayala Anani Wensels severin Odzebe Prosper Alain Bouya Departement of Urology and Andrology University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Republic of the Congo

Introduction: Urological emergencies play a significant role in the medical and surgical activity of a urology department. The objective of this study was to determine the hospital prevalence of urological emergencies at the University Hospital of Brazzaville (CHUB), identify the different pathologies requiring urgent care, and list the various therapeutic methods. Patients and methods: A retrospective study of patients admitted to the medical and surgical emergencies department of CHUB over a 5-year period. Patient records admitted and treated for a urological emergency were included. The variables studied were the frequency of urological emergencies, patient age at admission, gender, nature of the emergency, and various therapeutic options. Results: Urological emergencies accounted for 4.3% of all medical and surgical emergencies. The mean age was 57 ± 28 years with a range of 3 to 93 years. The male-to-female ratio was 7.1. The most common conditions were urinary retention (54.67%), hematuria (17.20%), and renal colic (8.13%). Therapeutically, surgical urinary drainage was dominated by cystostomy. Conclusion: Urological emergencies are infrequent at the University Hospital of Brazzaville. Their management is often delayed.

关键词： Urological Emergencies Urinary Retention Hematuria Renal Colic

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A transmission dynamics model of COVID-19:Case of Cameroon

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第2期7卷 211-249页

作者： Calvin Tadmon severin Foko Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of ScienceUniversity of DschangP.O.Box:67DschangCameroon The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Strada Costiera 1134151TriesteItaly

In this work,we propose and investigate an ordinary differential equations model describing the spread of COVID-19 in *** model takes into account the asymptomatic,unreported symptomatic,quarantine,hospitalized individuals and the amount of virus in the environment,for evaluating their impact on the transmission of the *** establishing the basic properties of the model,we compute the control reproduction number Rc and show that the disease dies out whenever Rc1 and is endemic whenever Rc>***,an optimal control problem is derived and investigated theoretically by mainly relying on Pontryagin's maximum *** illustrate the theoretical analysis by presenting some graphical results.

关键词： COVID-19 ODE model Global stability Lyapunov function Optimal control

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Data-driven comparison of federated learning and model personalization for electric load forecasting

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Energy and AI 2023年第4期14卷 3-16页

作者： Fabian Widmer severin Nowak Benjamin Bowler Patrick Huber Antonios Papaemmanouil Lucerne University of Applied Science and Arts Institute of Electrical EngineeringCompetence Center Digital Energy and Electric PowerTechnikumsstrasse 216048HorwLucerneSwitzerland

Residential short-term electric load forecasting is essential in modern decentralized power *** forecasting methods mostly rely on neural networks and require access to private and sensitive electric load data for model *** neural network training aggregates all data on a centralized server to train one global ***,the aggregation of user data introduces security and data privacy *** contrast,this study investigates the modern neural network training methods of federated learning and model personalization as potential solutions to security and data privacy *** an extensive simulation approach,the investigated methods are compared to the conventional centralized method and a pre-trained baseline predictor to compare their respective *** study identifies that the underlying data structure of electric load data has a significant influence on the loss of a *** therefore conclude that a comparison of loss distributions will in fact be considered a comparison of data structures,rather than a comparison of the model *** an alternative method of comparison of loss values,this study develops the"differential comparison".The method allows for the isolated comparison of model loss differences by only comparing the losses of two models generated by the same data sample to build a distribution of *** differential comparison method was then used to identify model personalization as the best performing model training method for load forecasting among all analyzed methods,with a superior performance in 59.1%of all cases.

关键词： Federated learning Machine learning Model personalization Temporal convolutional network Electric load forecast Differential comparison

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INTERACTIVE KNOWLEDGE LEARNING BY ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR SMALLHOLDERS

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2023年第4期10卷 648-653页

作者： Weili ZHANG Renlian ZHANG Hongjie JI Anja severin Zhaojun LI Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China. Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Faculty Technical University of MunichMunich 80333Germany

Enhancement of farming management relies heavily on enhancing farmer *** the past,both the direct learning approach and the personnel extension system for improving fertilization practices of smallholders has proven insufficiently ***,this article proposes an interactive knowledge learning approach using artificial intelligence as a promising *** system consists of two *** first is a dialog interface that accepts information from farmers about their current farming *** second part is an intelligent decision system,which categorizes the information provided by farmers in two *** first consists of onfarm constraints,such as fertilizer resources,split application times and *** second comprises knowledge-based practices by farmers,such as nutrient in-and output balance,ratios of different nutrients and the ratios of each split nutrient amount to the total nutrient *** interactive knowledge learning approach aims to identify and rectify incorrect practices in the knowledge-based category while considering the farmer's available finance,labor,and fertilizer *** show that the interactive knowledge learning approach can make a strong contribution to prevention of the overuse of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers,and mitigating agricultural non-point sourcepollution.

关键词： finance prevention farming

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Floristic composition,growth temperament and conservation status of woody plant species in the Cameroonian tropical rainforests

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 694-710页

作者： Olivier Clovis Kengne Samuel severin Kenfack Feukeng Eric Tchatchouang Ngansop Raissa Gwladys Daghela Meyan‑ya Louis Zapfack Department of Life and Earth Sciences Higher Teachers’Training CollegeUniversity of MarouaP.O.Box 55MarouaCameroon Department of Plant Biology University of DschangP.O.Box 67DschangCameroon Institute of Agricultural Research for Development(IRAD) National Herbarium of CameroonP.O.Box 1601YaoundéCameroon Department of Plant Biology University of YaoundéIP.O.Box 812YaoundéCameroon

Introduction:Cameroon’s tropical rainforests are nowadays strewn with rural forests maintained by local popula‑tions;however,these forests are not officially recognized in the non‑permanent forest *** forests are non‑delimited riparian areas within the dense moist forest,reserved for rural housing,agricultural activities and agroforestry practices,freely exploited by the local communities for their livelihood without them having any rights to artisanal and commercial *** study aimed at contributing to the flora knowledge and the conservation state of woody plant species in *** study was carried out in two rural forests located in the Eastern and Southern agroforestry zones of ***:The method adopted for floristic inventories combined a fixed area sampling unit and a variable area sampling *** individuals with diameter at breast height(dbh)<3.2 cm were counted and shrubs of 3.2≤dbh<10 cm were measured to analyse the understorey,while trees with dbh≥10 cm were measured and identified to characterize the ***:In the Essiengbot‑Mbankoho rural forest in Eastern Cameroon,468 species belonging to 61 families were recorded in the understory while 227 species belonging to 53 families were identified at the canopy level.A total of 40(7.68%)threatened species,18(3.45%)Near Threatened species and 408(78.31%)Least Concern species were *** the Nbgwassa‑Opkweng rural forest in Southern Cameroon,534 species belonging to 64 families were identified in the understory while 225 species belonging to 43 families were recorded in the canopy.A total of 54(9.69%)threatened species,25(4.49%)Near Threatened species and 421(75.58%)Least Concern species were identified in this ***’s diversity indices were above five in the understories and canopies of both ***‑bearer species were the most represented in the understories while the non‑pioneer light‑demanding and shade‑bearer species were the most abundant in

关键词： Floristic composition Rural forest Growth temperament Understory Canopy Conservation status

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A Kinetic Analysis of Golf Swings Performed by Healthy Older Adult Males

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2022年第1期4卷 74-81页

作者： Anna C.severin C.Lowry Barnes Erin M.Mannen Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences4301 W.Markham StSlot 531Little RockAR 72205USA Department of Human Movement Science Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway

Purpose The kinetic profile of golf swings is frequently assessed in ***,most research is limited to young golfers,so the mechanical demands on older athletes are poorly *** study provides kinetic data of older golfers swinging with a driver and a *** We examined 17 older,skilled male golfers(62.2±8.8 years,handicap 8.7±4.9)using a 10-camera motion cap-ture system and two force ***-dimensional net support moments,joint moments of the hip,knee,and ankle,ground reaction forces(GRF),and the inclination angles between the centre of mass(COM)and centre of pressure(COP)were calculated and tested for between-club *** The 3D net support moments of the trail leg were higher when using the driver,while those of the lead leg were higher with the ***-club differences existed in the relative contribution from each joint,the COM-COP inclina-tion angles,and the peak *** The mechanical demands of golf swings on older adults differ between a driver and a 6-iron,which likely affects the balance and control strategies *** improved understanding of the kinetic profiles of golf swings in older adults provide clinicians and coaches better means to maintain older golfers active and healthy for longer.

关键词： Center of pressure Ground reaction forces 3D net support moment Biomechanics Golf Elderly

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极端天气对家庭支出的影响——来自高低收入家庭的家庭支出的证据

极端天气对家庭支出的影响——来自高低收入家庭的家庭支出的证据

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作者： DENNIS HERI severin 西南财经大学

学位级别：硕士

气候和天气变化是全球范围内的一个问题,对区域和全球经济体系以及福祉都有重大影响。人们已经意识到气温正在上升,降水模式正在改变,洪水和干旱等极端事件也越来越频繁,而以上这些因素对经济活动有影响。撒哈拉以南非洲的家庭越来越难... 详细信息

气候和天气变化是全球范围内的一个问题,对区域和全球经济体系以及福祉都有重大影响。人们已经意识到气温正在上升,降水模式正在改变,洪水和干旱等极端事件也越来越频繁,而以上这些因素对经济活动有影响。撒哈拉以南非洲的家庭越来越难以维持生计,这加剧了该地区的贫困和经济不平等。各国政府、国际组织和社区需要合作,寻找解决这些问题的办法,并在气候和天气变化的影响恶化时保护脆弱家庭,例如可能需要投资于适应气候变化的农业,加强水资源管理,并向受移民和流离失所影响的家庭提供援助。在本文中,我们旨在分析坦桑尼亚家庭支出对温度的反应,以及低收入和高收入家庭之间的反应差异,从而分析天气和家庭支出之间的关系。对于天气,我们通过使用温度箱来灵活估计对极端天气的反应,温度箱是指一个地区的平均温度在所述5摄氏度范围内的一年中一个月的天数;虽然我们的支出数据是家庭层面的,但我们只观察家庭所在的州,而不是他们的确切位置。然后,我们添加贫困发生率系数,以在总体支出、能源支出和食品支出的背景下调节收入对家庭支出对温度的反应的影响;此外,我们还对样本中的不同亚群体进行异质性分析。我们对第99和第1收入百分位数、农村和城市家庭、工作年龄和非工作年龄参与者以及小型和大型家庭进行了基线回归分析;还对相同群体进行了异质性分析,以估计这些亚群体中的显著收入差异效应。我们通过2017-2018年家庭预算调查收集了家庭支出和贫困的数据,样本包括坦桑尼亚大陆居住在私人家庭的人口.,总计9552户家庭组成了具有代表性的随机概率样本。创建该样本是为了对城市和农村地区以及坦桑尼亚26个大陆地区进行单独的国家评估。根据10%至50%的人口所消耗的食物,食物贫困线被设定为每个成年人一个月内每天摄入2200千卡路里的最少食物组合。根据2018年HBS与坦桑尼亚251种最受欢迎的食物,食物贫困阈值下的生活成本为每人每天1109.53坦桑尼亚先令,或每人每月33748坦桑尼亚先令。基本需求贫困线增加了食品贫困线,增加了基本非食品必需品的津贴,包括服装、交通、教育、卫生等(每个成年人每月49320坦桑尼亚先令)。与此同时,温度和降水值的天气数据是从NASA POWER数据库收集的,该数据库在时间上是连续的,并以0.5纬度乘以0.5经度的分辨率显示在全球网格上;地球每日平均表面温度是从上述数据库中收集的数据以及每日平均降雨量整合所得;数据时段以变量的每日数值表示,跨越日期为2017年1月1日和2018年12月31日。///我们发现,较高的温度确实对家庭的总体支出产生了有显著意义的影响,一个月内每多暴露一天极端温度,家庭每月总支出增加约2%。我们对能源和食物支出作为高温反应的分析表明,这些显著影响的驱动因素是能源而不是食物支出;我们还发现,在能源支出方面,贫困和非贫困家庭对这些温度的反应存在显著差异,低收入家庭的反应比高收入家庭低11%。异质性分析表明,极端温度对工作年龄和小型家庭亚群体的总体家庭支出有显著影响,其中,暴露于额外一天极端温度的家庭每月支出分别增加约2%和3%。然而,我们在其他受试亚群中没有观察到任何显著影响。此外,我们发现在农村家庭中,温度对家庭能源消耗的显著影响,暴露在额外一天的温度下,第一和第二温度箱的范围将家庭能源消耗减少约2.5%,暴露在第三和第四温度箱的额外一天将家庭每月能源消耗分别减少2.8%和3.1%;我们还观察到农村家庭的显著收入差异效应,与富裕家庭相比,贫困家庭对第5个温度箱中额外暴露一天的反应约低13%;对收入差异效应的异质性分析还表明,大型贫困家庭总体上对所有温度箱中额外暴露一天的温度反应明显较弱。最后我们发现,额外暴露在高温下一天,每月家庭能源支出增加2.9%。

关键词：气候温度下雨家庭支出收入差异效应

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Phytochemical Tests, Assessment of Antioxidant Properties and Isolation of Two Compounds of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Chadian Propolis: Case of Bebotho (Southern Chad)

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2022年第7期13卷 241-254页

作者： Salomon Madjitoloum Betoloum Abel Mbaiogaoun severin Mbaihougadobe Emmanuel Talla Department of Chemistry Faculty of Exact and Applied Sciences (FSEA) University of N’Djamena N’Djamena The Republic of Chad Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundéré (UN) Ngaoundéré The Republic of Cameroon

The present work deals with the research of chemical constituents and evaluation of antioxidant properties of Bebotho propolis. From the ethyl acetate extract, we isolated, using various chromatographic techniques, a mixture of two identical compounds (isomers) indexed PBy4a and PByb. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by means of spectroscopic analysis techniques (MS, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HMBC and HSQC) and by comparison of the spectral data with those described in the literature. Thus, these compounds were identified to a mixture of two chromones namely 5,7-dihydroxy-2-methylchromone-6-C-α-D-glucopyranoside and 5,7-dihydroxy-2-methylchromone-8-C-β-D-glucopyranoside, first reported in propolis. The study of the antiradical power, chelating power and the quantification of phenolic compound of these same extracts, showed interesting properties that propolis extracts have to scavenge free radicals.

关键词： Isolation Propolis Chelating Power 5 7-Dihydroxy-2-Methylchromone-6-C-α-D-Glucopyranoside and 5 7-Dihydroxy-2-Methylchromone-8-C-β-D-Glucopyranoside

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Liver disease epidemiology and burden in patients with alterations in plasma protein metabolism:German retrospective insurance claims analysis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第10期15卷 1127-1139页

作者： Nils Picker May Hagiwara severin Baumann Ed G Marins Thomas Wilke Kaili Ren Ulf Maywald ChitraKarki Pavel Strnad Real-World Evidence Cytel Inc.Ingress-Health HWM GmbHWismar 23966Germany R&D Global Evidence and OutcomesTakeda Development Center AmericasInc.CambridgeMA 02139United States Global Medical Affairs Takeda Development Center AmericasInc.CambridgeMA 02139United States IPAM Institute IPAM E.V.Wismar 23966Germany Statistics and Quantitative Sciences Data Science InstituteTakeda Development Center AmericasInc.CambridgeMA 02139United States Drug Department AOK PLUSDresden 01058Germany Medical Clinic III GastroenterologyMetabolic Diseases and Intensive CareUniversity Hospital RWTH AachenAachen 52074Germany

BACKGROUND Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is a rare genetic disease and a leading cause of inherited alterations in plasma protein metabolism(APPM).AIM To understand the prevalence,burden and progression of liver disease in patients with APPM including alpha-1 antitrypsin *** We conducted a retrospective analysis of anonymized patient-level claims data from a German health insurance provider(AOK PLUS).The APPM cohort comprised patients with APPM(identified using the German Modification of the International Classification of Diseases-10th Revision[ICD-10-GM]code E88.0 between 01/01/2010-30/09/2020)and incident liver disease(ICD-10-GM codes K74,K70.2-3 and K71.7 between 01/01/2012-30/09/2020).The control cohort comprised patients without APPM but with incident liver *** were incidence/prevalence of liver disease in patients with APPM,demographics/baseline characteristics,diagnostic procedures,progression-free survival(PFS),disease progression and *** Overall,2680 and 26299 patients were included in the APPM(fibrosis,96;cirrhosis,2584)and control(fibrosis,1444;cirrhosis,24855)cohorts,*** 100000 individuals,annual incidence and prevalence of APPM and liver disease was 10-15 and 36-51,*** the APPM cohort,median survival was 4.7 years[95%confidence interval(CI):3.5-7.0]and 2.5 years(95%CI:2.3-2.8)in patients with fibrosis and cirrhosis,respectively.A higher proportion of patients in the APPM cohort experienced disease progression(92.0%)compared with the control cohort(67.2%).Median PFS was shorter in the APPM cohort(0.9 years,95%CI:0.7-1.1)compared with the control cohort(3.7 years,95%CI:3.6-3.8;P<0.001).Patients with cirrhosis in the control cohort had longer event-free survival for ascites,hepatic encephalopathy,hepatic failure and esophageal/gastric varices than patients with cirrhosis in the APPM cohort(P<0.001).Patients with fibrosis in the control cohort had longer event-free survival for ascites,cir

关键词： Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency Epidemiology Germany Liver diseases Retrospective study

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