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OsWRKY65 enhances immunity against fungal and bacterial pathogens in rice

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The Crop Journal 2024年第2期12卷 470-481页

作者： seungmin son Giha song Suhyeon Nam Jinjeong Lee Duk-Ju Hwang Eun-Jung Suh Sang Ryeol Park National Institute of Agricultural Sciences Rural Development AdministrationJeonju 54874Republic of Korea Department of Agriculture Forestry and BioresourcesPlant Genomics and Breeding InstituteResearch Institute of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Crop Science and Biotechnology Jeonbuk National UniversityJeonju 54896Republic of Korea

Diverse bacterial and fungal pathogens attack plants,causing biotic stress and severe yield losses *** losses are expected to become more serious as climate change improves conditions for many ***,identifying genes conferring broad-spectrum disease resistance and elucidating their underlying mechanisms provides important resources for plant *** transcription factors affect plant growth and stress ***,the functions of many WRKY proteins remain to be ***,we demonstrated the role of rice(Oryza sativa)WRKY groupⅢtranscription factor OsWRKY65 in ***65 localized to the nucleus and acted as transcriptional *** and molecular functional analyses showed that OsWRKY65 increases resistance to the fungal pathogen Fusarium fujikuroi through downregulation of GA signaling and upregulation of JA ***,OsWRKY65 modulated the expression of the key genes that confer susceptibility or resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae *** to enhance immunity against the *** particular,OsWRKY65directly bound to the promoter region of OsSWEET13 and repressed its *** together,our findings demonstrate that the OsWRKY65 enhances resistance to fungal and bacterial pathogens in rice.

关键词： Bacterial blight Bakanae disease Broad-spectrum disease resistance Oriza sativa OsWRKY65 Rice

Effect of preprocessing on performances of machine learning-based mineral composition analysis on gas hydrate sediments, Ulleung Basin, East Sea

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Petroleum Science 2025年第1期22卷 151-162页

作者： Hongkeun Jin Ju Young Park Sun Young Park Byeong-Kook son Baehyun Min Kyungbook Lee Department of Geoenvironmental Sciences Kongju National University Tunnel & Underground Facility Division ESCO Consultant & Engineers Company Yellow Sea Institute of Geoenvironmental Sciences Petroleum and Marine Research Division Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources Department of Climate and Energy Systems Engineering Ewha Womans University Center for Climate/Environment Change Prediction Research Ewha Womans University

Gas hydrate(GH) is an unconventional resource estimated at 1000-120,000 trillion *** on GH is ongoing to determine its geological and flow characteristics for commercial production. After two large-scale drilling expeditions to study the GH-bearing zone in the Ulleung Basin, the mineral composition of 488 sediment samples was analyzed using X-ray diffraction(XRD). Because the analysis is costly and dependent on experts, a machine learning model was developed to predict the mineral composition using XRD intensity profiles as input data. However, the model's performance was limited because of improper preprocessing of the intensity profile. Because preprocessing was applied to each feature, the intensity trend was not preserved even though this factor is the most important when analyzing mineral composition. In this study, the profile was preprocessed for each sample using minmax scaling because relative intensity is critical for mineral analysis. For 49 test data among the 488data, the convolutional neural network(CNN) model improved the average absolute error and coefficient of determination by 41% and 46%, respectively, than those of CNN model with feature-based preprocessing. This study confirms that combining preprocessing for each sample with CNN is the most efficient approach for analyzing XRD data. The developed model can be used for the compositional analysis of sediment samples from the Ulleung Basin and the Korea Plateau. In addition, the overall procedure can be applied to any XRD data of sediments worldwide.

关键词： Sample-based preprocessing X-ray diffraction (XRD) Machine learning Mineral composition Gas hydrate (GH) Ulleung basin

Revision of bilateral self-expandable metallic stents placed using the stent-in-stent technique for malignant hilar biliary obstruction

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2018年第5期17卷 437-442页

作者： Jun Hyuk son Hee Seung Lee Sang Hyub Lee seungmin Bang Jinwoo Kang Woo Hyun Paik Ji Kon Ryu Yong-Tae Kim Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University HospitalSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Internal Medicine Inje University Ilsan Paik HospitalGoyangKorea Department of Internal Medicine Institute of GastroenterologyYonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology SMG-SNU Boramae Medical CenterSeoulKorea

Background: Endoscopic biliary decompression using bilateral self-expandable metallic stent(SEMS) placed using the stent-in-stent(SIS) technique is considered favorable for unresectable malignant hilar biliary obstruction(MHBO). However, occlusion of the bilateral SIS placement is frequent and revision can be challenging. This study was performed to investigate the efficacy, the long-term patency and the appropriate approach for revision of occluded bilateral SIS placement in unresectable MHBO. Methods: From January 2011 to July 2016, thirty-eight patients with unresectable MHBO underwent revision of occluded bilateral SIS placement. Clinical data including success rates and patency of revision, were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The technical success rate of revision was 76.3%. The clinical success rate of revision was 51.7% and mean patency of revision was 49.1 days. No significant predictive factor for clinical failure of revision was observed. The cell size of SEMS was not found to have significant effects on clinical success rates or revision patency. Conclusions: Revision of occluded bilateral SIS placement for MHBO showed fair patency and clinical success rate. Revision method and cell size of SEMS were not found to influence clinical outcomes.

关键词： Malignant hilar biliary obstruction Self-expandable metallic stent Stent-in-stent Revision

Fluorescent nanoswitch for monitoring specific pluripotency-related microRNAs of induced pluripotent stem cells： Development of polyethyleneimine- oligonucleotide hybridization probes

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Nano Research 2017年第8期10卷 2545-2559页

作者： seungmin Han Hye Young son Byunghoon Kang Eunji Jang Jisun Ki Na Geum Lee Jongjin Park Moo-Kwang Shin Byeonggeol Mun Jeong-Ki Min Seungjoo Haam Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering College of Engineering Yonsei University Seou1120-749 Republic of Korea Department of Radiology College of Medicine Yonsei University Seou1120-752 Republic of Korea Severance Biomedical Science Institute College of Medicine Yonsei University Seou1120-752 Republic of Korea Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea Department of Biomolecular Science University of Science & Technology Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea

The isolation of high-grade （i.e. high-pluripotency） human induced pluripotent stem cells （hiPSCs） is a decisive factor for enhancing the purity of hiPSC populations or differentiation efficiency. A non-invasive imaging system that can monitor microRNA （miRNA） expression provides a useful tool to identify and analyze specific cell populations. However, previous studies on the monitoring/isolation of hiPSCs by miRNA expression have limited hiPSCs＇ differentiation system owing to long-term incubation with miRNA imaging probe-nanocarriers. Therefore, we focused on monitoring high-grade hiPSCs without influencing the pluripotency of hiPSCs. We reduced nanoparticle transfection time, because hiPSCs are prone to spontaneous differentiation under external factors during incubation. The fluorescent nanoswitch （＂ON＂ with target miRNA）, which can be applied for either imaging or sorting specific cells by fluorescence signals, contains an miRNA imaging probe （miP） and a PEI-PEG nanoparticle （miP-P）. Consequently, this nanoswitch can sense various endogenous target miRNAs within 30 min in vitro, and demonstrates strong potential for not only imaging but also sorting pluripotent hiPSCs without affecting pluripotency. Moreover, miP-P-treated hiPSCs differentiate well into endothelial cells, indicating that miP-P does not alter the pluripotency of hiPSCs. We envisage that this miRNA imaging system could be valuable for identifying and sorting high-grade hiPSCs for improved practical applications.

关键词： induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) pluripotency microRNA (miRNA) fluorescence imaging nanoparticle

Dislocation characteristics and dynamic recrystallization in hot deformed AM30 and AZ31 alloys

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第12期10卷 3495-3505页

作者： Hyeon-Woo son Soong-Keun Hyun Metallic Materials Division Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Republic of Korea

Zn addition to Mg alloys activates non-basal slip or twinning with solute softening *** the other hand,the effects of the Zn solute on the macroscopic dislocation behavior and dynamic recrystallization are not completely ***,it is unclear ifslip can be affected by changes in the c/a ratio of solute *** study was conducted to understand the solute strengthening of Zn addition and its effects on the dislocation characteristics and dynamic recrystallization.A hot torsion test was performed on both AM30 and AZ31 alloys up to a high strain to investigate the Zn solute effect on the dislocation characteristics and dynamic *** dislocation components of the hot torsioned alloys were evaluated by X-ray line profile analysis and electron backscatter *** results showed that the Zn solutes slightly accelerate strain accumulation at the initial stages of hot deformation,which accelerated recrystallization at high *** dislocation characteristics were changed dynamically by Zn addition:fortified-type slip,dislocation arrangement and strain anisotropy *** most important point was that the dislocation characteristics were changed dramatically at the critical strain for recrystallization and high strain *** addition of Zn also acted greatly in these strain *** indicates that the rapid formation of-type slip at the serrated grain boundaries occurs at the initiation of dynamic recrystallization and the increase in the grain triple junction because grain refinement has a great influence on the dislocation characteristics at high strain.

关键词： Magnesium alloy X-ray line profile Solid solution Dislocation density Dynamic recrystallization

Kinematic Analysis of the Neck and Upper Extremities During Walking in Healthy Young Adults

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2011年第3期8卷 305-312页

作者： Kwon son Junghong Park Seonghun Park School of Mechanical Engineering Pusan National University Busan 609-735 Republic of Korea

The objective of this paper is to quantify the local stabilities of the neck and upper extremities （right/left shoulders and right/left elbows）, and investigate differences between linear and nonlinear measurements of the associated joint motions and differences in the local stability between the upper and lower extremities. This attempt involves the calculation of a nonlinear parameter, Lyapunov Exponent （LE）, and a linear parameter, Range of Motion （ROM）, during treadmill walking in conj unction with a large population of healthy subjects. Joint motions of subjects were captured using a three-dimensional motion-capture system. Then mathematical chaos theory and the Rosenstein algorithm were employed to calculate LE of joints as the extent of logarithmic divergence between the neighboring state-space trajectories of flexion-extension angles. LEs computed over twenty males and twenty females were 0.037~0.023 for the neck, 0.043＋0.021 for the right shoulder, 0.045i0.030 for the left shoulder, 0.032i0.021 for the right elbow, and 0.034~0.026 for the left elbow. Although statistically significant difference in the ROM was observed between all pairs of the neck and upper extremity joints, differences in the LE between all pairs of the joints as well as between males and females were not statistically significant. Between the upper and lower extremities, LEs of the neck, shoulder, and elbow were significantly smaller than those of the hip （-0.064） and the knee （-0,062）. These results indicate that a statistical difference in the local stability between the upper extremity joints is not significant. However, the different result between the ROM and LE gives a strong rationale for applying both linear and nonlinear tools together to the evaluation of joint movement. The LEs of the joints calculated from a large population of healthy subjects could provide normative values for the associated joints and can be used to evaluate the recovery progress of patients with joint rel

关键词： kinematic analysis Lyapunov exponent range of motion chaos theory upper extremities

Genetic Algorithm to Optimize the Design of Main Combustor and Gas Generator in Liquid Rocket Engines

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Journal of Thermal Science 2014年第3期23卷 259-268页

作者： Min son Sangho Ko Jaye Koo Graduate Student Korea Aerospace University School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Korea Aerospace University

A genetic algorithm was used to develop optimal design methods for the regenerative cooled combustor and fuel-rich gas generator of a liquid rocket engine. For the combustor design, a chemical equilibrium analysis was applied, and the profile was calculated using Rao's method. One-dimensional heat transfer was assumed along the profile, and cooling channels were designed. For the gas-generator design, non-equilibrium properties were derived from a counterflow analysis, and a vaporization model for the fuel droplet was adopted to calculate residence time. Finally, a genetic algorithm was adopted to optimize the designs. The combustor and gas generator were optimally designed for 30-tonf, 75-tonf, and 150-tonf engines. The optimized combustors demonstrated superior design characteristics when compared with previous non-optimized results. Wall temperatures at the nozzle throat were optimized to satisfy the requirement of 800 K, and specific impulses were maximized. In addition, the target turbine power and a burned-gas temperature of 1000 K were obtained from the optimized gas-generator design.

关键词： Liquid Rocket Engine Main Combustor Gas Generator Optimization Genetic Algorithm

Determination of the solvation film thickness of dispersed particles with the method of Einstein viscosity equation

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2005年第4期12卷 370-375页

作者： Changsheng Peng Shaoxian son Shouci Lu College of Environmental Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China Instituto de Metalurgia Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí Av. Sierra Leona 550 San Luis Potosí C.P. 78210 Mexico Civil and Environmental Engineering School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

The dispersion of a solid particle in a liquid may lead to the formation of solvation film on the particle surface, which can strongly increase the repulsive force between particles and thus strongly affect the stability of dispersions. The solvation film thickness, which varies with the variation of the property of suspension particles and solutions, is one of the most important parameters of the solvation film, and is also one of the most difficult parameters that can be measured accurately. In this paper, a method, based on the Einstein viscosity equation of dispersions, for determining the solvation film thickness of particles is developed. This method was tested on two kinds of silica spherical powders （namely M1 and M2） dispersed in ethyl alcohol, in water, and in a water-ethyl alcohol mixture （1：1 by volume） through measuring the relative viscosity of dispersions of the particles as a function of the volume fraction of the dry particles in the dispersion, and of the specific surface area and the density of the particles. The calculated solvation film thicknesses on M1 are 7.48, 18.65 and 23.74 nm in alcohol, water and the water-ethyl alcohol mixture, 12.41, 12.71 and 13.13 nm on M2 in alcohol, water and the water-ethyl alcohol mixture, respectively.

关键词： solvation film viscosity film thickness Einstein viscosity equation

The Immersed Interface Hybridized Difference Method for Parabolic Interface Problems

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2022年第2期15卷 336-359页

作者： Youngmok Jeon son-Young Yi Department of Mathematics Ajou UniversitySuwon 16499Republic of Korea Department of Mathematical Sciences The University of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTX 79968USA

We propose several immersed interface hybridized difference methods(IHDMs),combined with the Crank-Nicolson time-stepping scheme,for parabolic interface *** IHDM is the same as the hybrid difference method away from the interface cells,but the finite difference operators on the interface cells are modified tomaintain the same accuracy throughout the entire *** themodification process,we consider virtual extensions of two sub-solutions in the interface cells in such a way that they satisfy certain jump equations between *** propose several different sets of jump equations and their resulting discrete methods for one-and two-dimensional *** numerical results are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of the proposed methods.

关键词： Parabolic interface problem hybrid difference method immersed interface