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Reliability and validity of tongue color analysis in the prediction of symptom patterns in terms of East Asian Medicine

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2016年第2期36卷 165-172页

作者： Young-Jae Park Jin-Moo Lee seung-yeon yoo Young-Bae Park Department of Diagnosis and Biofunctional Medicine College of Korean MedicineKyung Hee UniversitySeoul 134-727Korea Department of Diagnosis and Biofunctional Medicine Kyung Hee University Hospital at GangdongSeoul 134-727Korea Department of Oriental Gynecology College of Korean MedicineKyung Hee UniversitySeoul 134-727Korea Department of Women Health Clinic Kyung Hee University Hospital at GancldonaSeoul 134-727Knrpa

OBJECTIVE:To examine whether color parameters of tongue inspection(TI)using a digital camera was reliable and valid,and to examine which color parameters serve as predictors of symptom patterns in terms of East Asian medicine(EAM).METHODS:Two hundred female subjects'tongue substances were photographed by a mega-pixel digital *** with the photographs,the subjects were asked to complete Yin deficiency,Phlegm pattern,and Cold-Heat pattern *** three sets of digital imaging software,each digital image was exposure-and white balance-corrected,and finally L*(luminance),a*(red-green balance),and b*(yellow-blue balance)values of the tongues *** examine intra-and inter-rater reliabilities and criterion validity of the color analysis method,three raters were asked to calculate color parameters for 20 digital image ***,four hierarchical regression models were ***:Color parameters showed good or excellent reliability(0.627-0.887 for intra-class correlation coefficients)and significant criterion validity(0.523-0.718 for Spearman's correlation).In the hierarchical regression models,age was a significant predictor of Yin deficiency(β=0.192),and b*value of the tip of the tongue was a determinant predictor of Yin deficiency,Phlegm,and Heat patterns(β=-0.212,-0.172,and-0.163).Luminance(L*)was predictive of Yin deficiency(β=-0.172)and Cold(β=0.173)***:Our results suggest that color analysis of the tongue using the L*a*b*system is reliable and valid,and that color parameters partially serve as symptom pattern predictors in EAM practice.

关键词： Medicine East Asian Traditional Complementary therapies Tongue inspection Yin deficiency Symptom pattern

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Reevaluation of the expanded indications in undifferentiated early gastric cancer for endoscopic submucosal dissection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第15期28卷 1548-1562页

作者： Jiyoung yoon seung-yeon yoo Young Soo Park Kee Don Choi Beom Su Kim Moon-Won yoo In Seob Lee Jeong Hwan yook Ga Hee Kim Hee Kyong Na Ji Yong Ahn Jeong Hoon Lee Kee Wook Jung Do Hoon Kim Ho June Song Gin Hyug Lee Hwoon-Yong Jung Department of Gastroenterology Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoul 05505South Korea Department of Pathology Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoul 05505South Korea Department of Surgery Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoul 05505South Korea

BACKGROUND Although the criteria for the indication of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)for undifferentiated early gastric cancer(UD-EGC)have been recently proposed,accumulating reports on the non-negligible rate of lymph node metastasis(LNM)after indicated ESD raise questions on the reliability of the current *** To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of LNM in UD-EGC cases meeting the expanded indication for *** We retrospectively reviewed 4780 UD-EGC cases that underwent surgical resection between January 2008 and February 2019 at Asan Medical Center,a tertiary university hospital in *** identify the risk factors of LNM of UDEGC meeting the expanded criteria for ESD,we performed a case-control study by matching the cases with LNM to those without at a ratio of 1:*** reviewed the clinical,endoscopic,and histologic features of the cases to identify features with a significant difference according to the presence of *** and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the odds ratios(ORs).RESULTS Of the 4780 UD-EGC cases,1240(25.9%)were identified to meet the expanded indication for *** the 1240 cases,14(1.1%)cases had *** the various clinical,endoscopic,and histopathological features that were evaluated,mixed histology(tumors consisting of 10%-90%of signet ring cells)had a marginally significant association(P=0.059)with the risk of ***,diffuse blurring of the muscularis mucosae(MM)underneath the tumorous epithelium,a previously unrecognized histologic feature,had a significant association with the absence of LNM(P=0.028).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the blurring of MM was the only explanatory variable significantly associated with a reduced risk of LNM(OR:0.12,95%CI:0.02-0.95;P=0.045).CONCLUSION The risk of LNM is higher than expected when using the current expanded indication for *** evaluation could provide useful clues for reducing the

关键词： Gastric cancer Undifferentiated carcinoma Endoscopic submucosal dissection Lymph node metastasis

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An Overview of Current Oriental Medicine Herbal Cancer Research in Korea

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2011年第4期17卷 251-256页

作者： Jeungwon yoon Hwa-seung yoo yeon-Weol Lee Chong-Kwan Cho East-West Cancer Center Dunsan Oriental Medical Hospital of Daejeon UniversityDaejeonRepublic of Korea

Cancer is the number one cause of death in Korea with annual mortalities of 69 *** suggests one in every four Koreans will end up getting cancer at some point in their life *** these persistent threats,strive for cancer cure is continued. Ten years of Korea＇s oriental medicine herbal research on cancer have been reviewed. Researches between the years of 2000 and 2010 are analyzed in terms of their published year,study types,tested subjects,testing measures,cancer types,and *** the past ten years,cancer researches have blossomed from null to full in Korean peninsula, and further development is much anticipated in the next ten years to come.

关键词： oriental medicine herbal research cancer Korea

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Survival Analysis of Stage Ⅳ Metastatic Gastric Cancer Patients Treated with HangAm-Plus

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2014年第1期20卷 49-55页

作者： Jae-Woo Park Jeungwon yoon Chong-Kwan Cho yeon-Weol Lee Hwa-seung yoo East-West Cancer Center Dunsan Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University

Objective：To evaluate the efficacy of HangAm-Plus（HAP）on stageⅣmetastatic gastric cancer by analyzing the treated patients’overall survival ***：Following the study eligibility,overall survival and one year survival rate of 44 stageⅣmetastatic gastric cancer patients who visited EastWest Cancer Center（EWCC）were *** study consisted of two arms：HAP treatment only（n=18）and combined treatment of concurrent conventional chemotherapy and HAP（n=26）.Patient characteristics by gender,age,surgical intervention,Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group（ECOG）score,treatment duration（〈4 weeks or≥4 weeks）,and lines of the chemotherapy received were *** related side effects were also ***：The median survival of combined group was longer（10.0 months）than that of HAP group（5.1 months）.One-year survival rate of combined treatment group and HAP group was 38.5%±9.5%and 33.3%±11.1%,respectively（P〉0.05）.One-year survival rate of those received more and less than 4-week treatment was 57.1%±18.7%and 8.3%±8.0%,respectively（P=0.001）.Conclusions：The study supports the safety and potential efficacy of HAP treatment in prevention of chemo-related side effects for stageⅣmetastatic gastric cancer treated with conventional *** studies are needed to investigate and confirm the results before applying the treatment in clinical settings.

关键词： advanced gastric cancer supportive care Chinese materia medica Oriental medicine

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Bacterial entombment by intratubular mineralization following orthograde mineral trioxide aggregate obturation: a scanning electron microscopy study

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International Journal of Oral Science 2014年第4期6卷 227-232页

作者： Jun Sang yoo Seok-Woo Chang So Ram Oh Hiran Perinpanayagam Sang-Min Lim yeon-Jee yoo Yeo-Rok Oh Sang-Bin Woo seung-Hyun Han Qiang Zhu Kee-yeon Kum Department of Dentistry U Dental Hospital Department of Conservative Dentistry School of Dentistry Kyung Hee University Department of Conservative Dentistry Dental Research Institute Seoul National University Dental Hospital Seoul National University School of Dentistry Division of Restorative Dentistry Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry University of Western Ontario Department of Conservative Dentistry Jukjeon Dental Hospital College of Dentistry Dankook University Department of Oral Microbiology & Immunology Dental Research Institute and BK21 Program Seoul National University School of Dentistry Division of Endodontology Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences School of Dental Medicine University of Connecticut Health Center

The time domain entombment of bacteria by intratubular mineralization following orthograde canal obturation with mineral trioxide aggregate（MTA） was studied by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. Single-rooted human premolars（n560） were instrumented to an apical size #50/0.06 using ProF ile and treated as follows： Group 1（n510） was filled with phosphate buffered saline（PBS）; Group 2（n510） was incubated with Enterococcus faecalis for 3 weeks, and then filled with PBS; Group 3（n520） was obturated orthograde with a paste of OrthoM TA（BioM TA, Seoul, Korea） and PBS; and Group 4（n520） was incubated with E. faecalis for 3 weeks and then obturated with OrthoM TA–PBS paste. Following their treatments, the coronal openings were sealed with PBS-soaked cotton and intermediate restorative material（IRM）, and the roots were then stored in PBS for 1, 2, 4, 8 or 16 weeks. After each incubation period, the roots were split and their dentin/MTA interfaces examined in both longitudinal and horizontal directions by SEM. There appeared to be an increase in intratubular mineralization over time in the OrthoM TA-filled roots（Groups 3 and 4）. Furthermore, there was a gradual entombment of bacteria within the dentinal tubules in the E. faecalis inoculated MTA-filled roots（Group 4）. Therefore, the orthograde obturation of root canals with OrthoM TA mixed with PBS may create a favorable environment for bacterial entombment by intratubular mineralization.

关键词： bacterial entombment intratubular mineralization orthograde canal obturation scanning electron microscopy tag-like structure

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A Universal Activation Function for Deep Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 3553-3569页

作者： seung-yeon Hwang Jeong-Joon Kim Department of Computer Engineering Anyang UniversityAnyang-si14028Korea Department of ICT Convergence Engineering Anyang UniversityAnyang-si14028Korea

Recently,deep learning has achieved remarkable results in fields that require human cognitive ability,learning ability,and reasoning *** functions are very important because they provide the ability of artificial neural networks to learn complex patterns through *** activation functions are being studied to solve problems such as vanishing gradients and dying nodes that may occur in the deep learning ***,it takes a lot of time and effort for researchers to use the existing activation function in their ***,in this paper,we propose a universal activation function(UA)so that researchers can easily create and apply various activation functions and improve the performance of neural *** can generate new types of activation functions as well as functions like traditional activation functions by properly adjusting three *** famous Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)and benchmark datasetwere used to evaluate the experimental performance of the UA proposed in this *** compared the performance of the artificial neural network to which the traditional activation function is applied and the artificial neural network to which theUA is *** addition,we evaluated the performance of the new activation function generated by adjusting the hyperparameters of *** experimental performance evaluation results showed that the classification performance of CNNs improved by up to 5%through the UA,although most of them showed similar performance to the traditional activation function.

关键词： Deep learning activation function convolutional neural network benchmark datasets universal activation function

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A Deep Learning Hierarchical Ensemble for Remote Sensing Image Classification

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 2649-2663页

作者： seung-yeon Hwang Jeong-Joon Kim Department of Computer Engineering Anyang UniversityAnyang-si14028Korea Department of ICT Convergence Engineering Anyang UniversityAnyang-si14028Korea

Artificial intelligence,which has recently emerged with the rapid development of information technology,is drawing attention as a tool for solving various problems demanded by society and *** particular,convolutional neural networks(CNNs),a type of deep learning technology,are highlighted in computer vision fields,such as image classification and recognition and object *** these CNN models requires a large amount of data,and a lack of data can lead to performance degradation problems due to *** CNN architecture development and optimization studies become active,ensemble techniques have emerged to perform image classification by combining features extracted from multiple CNN *** this study,data augmentation and contour image extraction were performed to overcome the data shortage *** addition,we propose a hierarchical ensemble technique to achieve high image classification accuracy,even if trained from a small amount of ***,we trained the UCMerced land use dataset and the contour images for each image on pretrained VGGNet,GoogLeNet,ResNet,DenseNet,and *** then apply a hierarchical ensemble technique to the number of cases in which each model can be *** experiments were performed in cases where the proportion of training datasets was 30%,50%,and 70%,resulting in a performance improvement of up to 4.68%compared to the average accuracy of the entire model.

关键词： Image classification deep learning CNNs hierarchical ensemble UC-Merced land use dataset contour image

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Data Augmentation Using Contour Image for Convolutional Neural Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第6期75卷 4669-4680页

作者： seung-yeon Hwang Jeong-Joon Kim Department of Computer Engineering Anyang UniversityAnyang-si14058Korea Department of ICT Convergence Engineering Anyang UniversityAnyang-si14058Korea

With the development of artificial intelligence-related technologies such as deep learning,various organizations,including the government,are making various efforts to generate and manage big data for use in artificial ***,it is difficult to acquire big data due to various social problems and restrictions such as personal information *** are many problems in introducing technology in fields that do not have enough training data necessary to apply deep learning ***,this study proposes a mixed contour data augmentation technique,which is a data augmentation technique using contour images,to solve a problem caused by a lack of ***,a famous convolutional neural network(CNN)architecture,and CIFAR-10,a benchmark data set,are used for experimental performance evaluation to prove the superiority of the proposed *** to prove that high performance improvement can be achieved even with a small training dataset,the ratio of the training dataset was divided into 70%,50%,and 30%for comparative *** a result of applying the mixed contour data augmentation technique,it was possible to achieve a classification accuracy improvement of up to 4.64%and high accuracy even with a small amount of data *** addition,it is expected that the mixed contour data augmentation technique can be applied in various fields by proving the excellence of the proposed data augmentation technique using benchmark datasets.

关键词： Data augmentation image classification deep learning convolutional neural network mixed contour image benchmark dataset

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Effects of Cordyceps militaris extract on angiogenesis and tumor growth

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第5期25卷 115-123页

作者： Hwa-seung yoo,Jang-woo SHIN,Jung-hyo CHO,Chang-gue SON,yeon-weol LEE,Sang-yong PARK,Chong-kwan CHO Daejeon University Daejeon 301-724 Department of East-West Cancer Center College of Oriental Medicine Daejeon University Daejeon 301-724 Department of East-West Cancer Center College of Oriental Medicine Daejeon University Daejeon 301-724 Department of East-West Cancer Center R&D Lab of Bulrolife Co Ltd Daejeon Korea College of Oriental Medicine Daejeon University Daejeon 301-724 Institute ofTraditional Medicine and Bioscience Daejeon University Daejeon 301-724 Department of East-West Cancer Center College of Oriental Medicine

AIM: To evaluate the effects of Cordyceps militaris extract (CME) on angiogenesis and tumor growth. METHODS:Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), HT1080, and B16-F10 cells were used. DNA fragment, angio-genic related gene expressions (MMPs, bFGF, VEGF, etc), capillary tube formation, wound healing in vitro, tumorgrowth in vivo were measured. RESULTS: CME inhibited growth of HUVECs and HT1080 (P<0.01). CME 100and 200 mg/L reduced MMP-2 gene expression in HT1080 cells by 6.0 % and 22.9 % after 3-h and 14.9 % and32.8 % after 6-h treatment. CME did not affect MMP-9 gene expression in B16-F10 melanoma cells. CME 100 and200 mg/L also reduced bFGF gene expression in HUVECs by 22.2 % and 41.3 %. CME inhibited tube formation ofendothelial cells in vitro and in vivo. CME repressed the growth of B16-F10 melanoma cells in mice compared withcontrol group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: CME has antiangiogenetic properties.

关键词： Cordyceps militaris angiogenesis human umbilical vein endothelial cells HT1080 cells B16-F10cells matrix metalloproteinases basic fibroblast growth factor

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Mismatching between nest volume and clutch volume reduces egg survival and fledgling success in black-tailed gulls

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Current Zoology 2016年第5期62卷 451-456页

作者： Who-seung LEE Jeong-Chil yoo Korea Institute of Ornithology and Department of Biology Kyung Hee University Seoul 02447 Korea Center for Stock Assessment Research University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA 95080 USA

A longstanding suggestion posits that parents prefer to match nest volume and clutch size （clutch volume）, but few studies have tested this in colonial seabirds that nest in the open. Here, we demonstrate the effects of nest-clutch volume matching on egg survival, hatching, and fledgling success in black-tailed gulls Larus crassirostris on Hongdo Island, Korea. We show that the volume mismatch, defined as the difference between nest volume and total egg volume （the sum of all eggs＇ volume in the clutch）, was positively related to egg and chick mortality caused by predation, but was not significantly related to hatching success incurred by insulation during the incubation period. Although nest volume was negatively related to laying date, we found that the mismatch was positively related to laying date. Our results support the claim that well-matched nest-clutch volume may contribute to survival of eggs and chicks, and ultimately breeding success.

关键词： black-tailed gulls clutch size egg survival fledgling success nest volume.

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