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重复经颅磁刺激治疗幻听的临床应用与展望

中国临床研究 2024年第7期37卷 1109-1112,1119页

作者：孙蕴怡孟雅婧阳雨露沈聃琳王道锦肖洪奇李青 Smruthi mohan 邱昌建四川大学华西医院心理卫生中心四川成都610044 四川大学华西临床医学院四川成都610044

近几年来重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)治疗在幻听症状的临床应用研究上取得了较大进展。近期研究发现经颅磁刺激(TMS)某些特定的刺激模式和刺激靶点对精神分裂症患者的幻听症状有一定改善,一般认为优先选择靶点如颞顶区和背外侧前额叶区。低频... 详细信息

近几年来重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)治疗在幻听症状的临床应用研究上取得了较大进展。近期研究发现经颅磁刺激(TMS)某些特定的刺激模式和刺激靶点对精神分裂症患者的幻听症状有一定改善,一般认为优先选择靶点如颞顶区和背外侧前额叶区。低频刺激左颞顶交界区(TPJ)皮质是辅助治疗言语性幻听(AVH)的主要选择,疗效相对明确。然而,目前缺少大样本随机对照试验(RCT)等循证医学证据,以及对TMS的疗效缺乏客观有力的评估工具,rTMS对幻听症状的临床应用仍处于观望状态。本文从rTMS治疗AVH的刺激靶点、连续性θ短阵快速脉冲、rTMS治疗AVH的增强方案和深部TMS等方面对近年TMS治疗AVH的研究进展进行综述,以期推动临床对rTMS在干预幻听症状方面的认识,为未来进行大样本的RCT、建立客观的疗效评估方式等循证医学证据提供研究方向。

关键词：经颅磁刺激幻听低频经颅磁刺激颞顶交界区 θ短阵快速脉冲

A study on the comparative review of cool roof thermal performance in various regions

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Energy and Built Environment 2022年第3期3卷 327-347页

作者： mohan Rawat R.n.Singh School of Energy and Environment Studies Devi Ahilya UniversityTakshashila CampusKhandwa RoadIndore452001Madhya PradeshIndia

Energy demand is growing significantly worldwide to create thermal comfort in ***-conditioning is contributing to energy consumption at a massive scale in the residential and commercial *** roof is one of the most critical components of the building envelopes,and it achieved maximum heat gain in summer,and it covered nearly 20-25%of overall urban surface *** this respect,cool roofs are considered one of the sustainable solutions to maintain thermal comfort in *** results achieved from the literature review indicate that cool roof application reduced energy use in the buildings and a useful tool to mitigate Urban Heat Island(UHI)*** paper summarizes cool roof thermal performance with different types of surface coatings in different climatic zones for buildings with additional benefits,limitations,and recommendations for future research *** results of this review can be helpful for engineers,researchers,dwellers,and architectures to have a good understanding of the benefits of cool roofs to mitigate energy consumption demand in dwelling in a sustainable,cost-effective,and energy-efficient *** average energy-saving effect of the roof is expressed from 15%to 35.7%in different climatic zones(Temperate,Tropical,Composite,Hot and Warm-Humid)as per the literature survey ***,the average roof surface temperature reduction is possible from 1.4℃ to up to 4.7℃ using cool roof technology.

关键词： Cool roof Building envelope Heat gain Solar reflectance Thermal comfort

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Ern1调控肿瘤免疫原性机制的初步探索

中国免疫学杂志 2024年第5期40卷 897-904页

作者：李莫寒夏琳马瑜婷南京医科大学肿瘤个体化医学协同创新中心中国医学科学院系统医学研究院/苏州系统医学研究所免疫与炎症全国重点实验室

目的：探讨内质网跨膜蛋白IRE1（由Ern1编码）对肿瘤细胞免疫原性和成瘤性的影响与机制。方法：挖掘肿瘤公共数据库中ERn1表达水平和患者生存的关联性。利用CRISPR-Cas9技术敲除小鼠肿瘤细胞系MCA205和TC-1的Ern1基因，借助CCK-8、流式... 详细信息

目的：探讨内质网跨膜蛋白IRE1（由Ern1编码）对肿瘤细胞免疫原性和成瘤性的影响与机制。方法：挖掘肿瘤公共数据库中ERn1表达水平和患者生存的关联性。利用CRISPR-Cas9技术敲除小鼠肿瘤细胞系MCA205和TC-1的Ern1基因，借助CCK-8、流式细胞术、ElISA、荧光素酶报告系统、皮下植瘤、预免疫-再刺激等实验分析Ern1对肿瘤细胞体外增殖和体内成瘤能力、浸润肿瘤的免疫细胞比例、衣霉素诱导免疫原性细胞死亡和抗肿瘤效应T细胞活化的影响，比较Ern1-/-肿瘤在正常小鼠和Ifnar-/-小鼠体内生长速度的差异。结果：对多个癌种而言，肿瘤组织ERn1的表达水平与患者总生存时间呈负相关。虽然敲除Ern1不影响肿瘤细胞的体外增殖能力，但其在正常小鼠皮下的成瘤能力大幅降低，甚至会自发消退。与野生型相比，Ern1-/-肿瘤内中性粒细胞显著增多，CD4+T细胞浸润减少。衣霉素诱导内质网应激后，Ern1-/-细胞死亡更多，虽然其HMGB1释放和钙网蛋白暴露有所减少，但IFn-α/β分泌增多，能更强地激活效应T细胞分泌IFn-γ。与正常小鼠相比，Ifnar-/-免疫缺陷小鼠体内Ern1-/-肿瘤生长速度显著加快。结论：Ern1缺失可促进内质网应激肿瘤细胞的Ⅰ型干扰素应答，增强其免疫原性，促进抗肿瘤T细胞分泌IFn-γ，阻碍肿瘤生长。

关键词：未折叠蛋白反应肿瘤免疫原性干扰素内质网应激

Quantifying Kinematic Tremor in an nGlY1-Deficient Individual: A Case Study

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2024年第1期13卷 25-36页

作者： Brock Futrell Christopher Alexander Malaya Dacia Martinez Diaz Christian Alfaro Hannah Elizabeth Gustafson Subhalakshmi chandrasekaran Rhea mohan Phatak Bernhard Suter Charles Shannon layne Department of Health and Human Performance University of Houston Houston USA Center for neuromotor and Biomechanics Research University of Houston Houston USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College Station USA Blue Bird Circle Rett Center Texas Children’s Hospital Houston USA Baylor College of Medicine Houston USA Center for neuroEngineering and Cognitive Science University of Houston Houston USA

nGlY1 Deficiency is an autosomal recessive congenital disorder that has been identified in less than 100 individuals. Most individuals with nGlY1 Deficiency display hyperkinetic movement disorders, including choreiform, athetoid, dystonic myoclonic, dyskinetic, and dysmetric movements. Developing a consistent and concise consensus on the classification and evaluation of tremors is essential to forward the research and treatment of tremors. It has also been reported that some individuals with nGlY1 Deficiency demonstrate tremor, but such tremor has never been formally investigated. The primary objective of this study is to determine if an individual with nGlY1 Deficiency demonstrates an identifiable tremor during a series of arm movements and, if so, describe the frequency and power characteristics of that tremor. Arm movement kinematics were obtained using a 16-camera Vicon system, and time series trajectory waveforms for three planes of a marker placed on the hand were developed. Custom MATlAB scripts were utilized to compute Fast Fourier Transformations of the data within the identified waveform segments. A mean frequency of 2.30 Hz (SD = 1.05) with a mean power of 5.02 |P1(f)| (SD = 4.63) suggests that our participant’s kinematic data did display a persistent tremor in both hands across all tasks and movement planes. Analyses of the reaching hand and the non-reaching hand suggest the participant displayed an action tremor in both postural and intention (kinetic) tremors. Future directions should include assessing additional individuals with nGlY1 Deficiency to determine if the tremor is a distinguishable disorder behavior. Additionally, evaluating other anatomical sites, such as the elbow, head, and lower limbs, would provide further insights into the characteristics of this tremor.

关键词： Tremor nGlY Fast Fourier Transformation Reaching Hyperkinetic Movement

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深度神经网络后门防御综述

信息安全学报 2024年第4期9卷 47-63页

作者：江钦辉李默涵孙彦斌广州大学网络空间安全学院/网络空间先进技术研究院广州510006

深度学习在各领域全面应用的同时,在其训练阶段和推理阶段也面临着诸多安全威胁。神经网络后门攻击是一类典型的面向深度学习的攻击方式,攻击者通过在训练阶段采用数据投毒、模型编辑或迁移学习等手段,向深度神经网络模型中植入非法后门... 详细信息

深度学习在各领域全面应用的同时,在其训练阶段和推理阶段也面临着诸多安全威胁。神经网络后门攻击是一类典型的面向深度学习的攻击方式,攻击者通过在训练阶段采用数据投毒、模型编辑或迁移学习等手段,向深度神经网络模型中植入非法后门,使得后门触发器在推理阶段出现时,模型输出会按照攻击者的意图偏斜。这类攻击赋予攻击者在一定条件下操控模型输出的能力,具有极强的隐蔽性和破坏性。因此,有效防御神经网络后门攻击是保证智能化服务安全的重要任务之一,也是智能化算法对抗研究的重要问题之一。本文从计算机视觉领域出发,综述了面向深度神经网络后门攻击的防御技术。首先,对神经网络后门攻击和防御的基础概念进行阐述,分析了神经网络后门攻击的三种策略以及建立后门防御机制的阶段和位置。然后,根据防御机制建立的不同阶段或位置,将目前典型的后门防御方法分为数据集级、模型级、输入级和可认证鲁棒性防御四类。每一类方法进行了详细的分析和总结,分析了各类方法的适用场景、建立阶段和研究现状。同时,从防御的原理、手段和场景等角度对每一类涉及到的具体防御方法进行了综合比较。最后,在上述分析的基础上,从针对新型后门攻击的防御方法、其他领域后门防御方法、更通用的后门防御方法、和防御评价基准等角度对后门防御的未来研究方向进行了展望。

关键词：后门防御后门攻击人工智能安全神经网络深度学习

Association between acute peripancreatic fluid collections and early readmission in acute pancreatitis:A propensity-matched analysis

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 75-88页

作者： Hassam Ali Faisal Inayat Waqas Rasheed Arslan Afzal Ahtshamullah Chaudhry Pratik Patel Attiq Ur Rehman Muhammad Sajeel Anwar Gul nawaz Muhammad Sohaib Afzal Amir H Sohail Subanandhini Subramanium Dushyant Singh Dahiya Deepa Budh Babu P mohan Douglas G Adler Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology East Carolina University Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27834United States Department of Internal Medicine Allama Iqbal Medical CollegeLahorePunjab 54550Pakistan Department of Internal Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTX 79430United States Department of Internal Medicine St.Dominic’s HospitalJacksonMS 39216United States Department of Gastroenterology Mather Hospital and Hofstra University Zucker School of MedicinePort JeffersonNY 11777United States Department of Hepatology Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical CenterWilkes-BarrePA 18711United States Department of Internal Medicine UHS Wilson Medical CenterJohnson CityNY 13790United States Department of Internal Medicine Louisiana State University HealthShreveportLA 71103United States Department of Surgery University of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNM 87106United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatologyand MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKS 64108United States Department of Internal Medicine St.Barnabas Hospital and Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNY 10457United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUT 84132United States Center for Advanced Therapeutic Endoscopy Porter Adventist HospitalCentura HealthDenverCO 80210United States

BACKGROUnD Patients with acute pancreatitis(AP)frequently experience hospital readmissions,posing a significant burden to healthcare *** peripancreatic fluid collection(APFC)may negatively impact the clinical course of *** could worsen symptoms and potentially lead to additional ***,clinical evidence regarding the specific association between APFC and early readmission in AP remains *** the link between APFC and readmission may help improve clinical care for AP patients and reduce healthcare *** To evaluate the association between APFC and 30-day readmission in patients with *** This retrospective cohort study is based on the nationwide Readmission Database for *** with a primary diagnosis of AP were *** were categorized into those with and without APFC.A 1:1 propensity score matching for age,gender,and Elixhauser comorbidities was *** primary outcome was early readmission *** outcomes included the incidence of inpatient complications and healthcare *** analyses used Mann-Whitney U andχ2 tests,while Cox regression models assessed 30-day readmission risks and reported them as adjusted hazard ratios(aHR).Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests verified readmission *** A total of 673059 patients with the principal diagnosis of AP were *** these,5.1%had APFC on initial *** propensity score matching,each cohort consisted of 33914 *** with APFC showed a higher incidence of inpatient complications,including septic shock(3.1%vs 1.3%,Pl venous thrombosis(4.4%vs 0.8%,Pnd mechanical ventilation(1.8%vs 0.9%,Plength of stay(lOS)was longer for APFC patients[4(3-7)vs 3(2-5)days,Pl charges($29451 vs$24418,Pns,APFC patients had a higher rate(15.7%vs 6.5%,Pnd a longer median readmission lOS(4 vs 3 days,P<0.001).The APF

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Acute peripancreatic fluid collections Readmission predictors Inpatient complications Healthcare utilization and costs

SiO_(2)纳米颗粒在润滑领域中的研究与应用现状

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材料导报 2024年第5期38卷 31-39页

作者：陈进李默涵阮文琳孙涛刘晓英中国人民解放军陆军勤务学院重庆401331 重庆大学材料科学与工程学院重庆400044 重庆工商大学环境与资源学院重庆400067

据此,本综述主要介绍了SiO_(2)纳米颗粒的润滑机理与影响因素,详细论述了SiO_(2)纳米颗粒在液体润滑、固体润滑领域的相关研究与应用现状,包括其在实际应用时所采用的相关表面处理与改性等手段。重点介绍了SiO_(2)纳米颗粒在提高聚合物... 详细信息

据此,本综述主要介绍了SiO_(2)纳米颗粒的润滑机理与影响因素,详细论述了SiO_(2)纳米颗粒在液体润滑、固体润滑领域的相关研究与应用现状,包括其在实际应用时所采用的相关表面处理与改性等手段。重点介绍了SiO_(2)纳米颗粒在提高聚合物基复合自润滑材料中的作用和巨大应用潜力。最后,对现有SiO_(2)纳米颗粒在自润滑领域中的应用与发展进行了陈述和展望。

关键词： SiO_(2)纳米颗粒液体润滑固体润滑

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地下水动力场演化图像奇异点检测方法研究

自动化仪表 2024年第3期45卷 108-112页

作者：李默寒河南省地质局生态环境地质服务中心河南郑州450000

为了增强图像中的细节、完善平滑处理、提高图像中奇异点的检测精度,提出基于改进Renyi熵的地下水动力场演化图像奇异点检测方法。通过求解地下水动力场演化图像的梯度场,计算不同亮度下图像的相对梯度。利用图像增强函数,对地下水动力... 详细信息

为了增强图像中的细节、完善平滑处理、提高图像中奇异点的检测精度,提出基于改进Renyi熵的地下水动力场演化图像奇异点检测方法。通过求解地下水动力场演化图像的梯度场,计算不同亮度下图像的相对梯度。利用图像增强函数,对地下水动力场演化图像作增强处理。创新性地根据三维直方图将地下水动力场演化图像划分为图像背景域和目标域。利用改进Renyi熵,定义了演化图像在目标域和背景域的三维Renyi熵。结合最大熵分割原理,分割了地下水动力场演化图像。引入平滑尺度,对地下水动力场演化图像进行平滑处理。利用概率函数,建立图像奇异点检测函数。设计了地下水动力场演化图像奇异点检测算法。试验结果表明,所提方法能够准确检测图像中的奇异点,并将检测熵值和检出率分别提高到0.8以上和90%以上。该研究有效提高了地下水动力场演化图像中奇异点的检测性能。

关键词：奇异点检测地下水演化图像改进Renyi熵动力场图像增强梯度场

An Ophthalmic Evaluation of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第1期44卷 613-628页

作者： l.K.Shoba P.mohan Kumar Department of Information Technology Jeppiaar Engineering CollegeChennai600119India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Krishna College of Engineering and TechnologyCoimbatore641008India

nowadays in the medicalfield,imaging techniques such as Optical Coherence Tomography(OCT)are mainly used to identify retinal *** this paper,the Central Serous Chorio Retinopathy(CSCR)image is analyzed for various stages and then compares the difference between CSCR before as well as after treatment using different application *** approach,which was focused on image quality,improves medical image *** enhancement algorithm was implemented to improve the OCT image contrast and denoise purpose called Boosted Anisotropic Diffusion with an Unsharp Masking Filter(BADWUMF).The classifier used here is tofigure out whether the OCT image is a CSCR case or not.150 images are checked for this research work(75 abnormal from Optical Coherence Tomography Image Retinal Database,in-house clinical database,and 75 normal images).This article explicitly decides that the approaches suggested aid the ophthalmologist with the precise retinal analysis and hence the risk factors to be *** total precision is 90 percent obtained from the Two Class Support Vector Machine(TCSVM)classifier and 93.3 percent is obtained from Shallow neural network with the Powell-Beale(SnnWPB)classifier using the MATlAB 2019a program.

关键词： OCT CSCR macula segmentation boosted anisotropic diffusion with unsharp maskingfilter two class support vector machine classifier and shallow neural network with powell-beale classifier