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Knowledge about HIV and AIDS among Young Women

Open Journal of Nursing 2015年第6期5卷 558-565页

作者： Catherine M. Ngoma Janetta Roos seter siziya Department of Nursing Sciences School of Medicine University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia Department of Health Studies University of South Africa Pretoria South Africa Department of Community Medicine School of Medicine University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

HIV and AIDS are a major health concern among women worldwide. It is important that women especially youths are educated about HIV and AIDS because they represent a window of opportunity for reversing HIV rates if effective prevention programs can reach them before they engage in risky sexual behaviour. Women are more vulnerable to HIV infection than men and play a central role in the concept of the family, in nurturing, protecting, and caring for the family. The aim of the study was to explore HIV and AIDS knowledge among young women. A qualitative exploratory approach using focus group discussions was used and content analysis was used to interpret the data. A total of 8 focus group discussions were conducted two study sites intervention and control site. The analysis revealed 6 themes namely definition of HIV and AIDS, seriousness of HIV and AIDS in the community, signs and symptoms, transmission of HIV, cure for HIV and AIDS and prevention. The findings showed that some participants had knowledge deficit on HIV and AIDS, therefore continued community sensitisation is essential.

关键词： Knowledge HIV AIDS Young Women

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Prevalence and predictors of smoking in a mining town in Kitwe, Zambia: A 2011 population-based survey

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Health 2013年第6期5卷 1021-1025页

作者： Cosmas Zyaambo Olusegun Babaniyi Peter Songolo Adamson S. Muula Emmanuel Rudatsikira seter siziya Department of Community Health University of Malawi College of Medicine Blantyre Malawi Department of Public Health School of Medicine University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia Public Health Unit Department of Clinical Sciences School of Medicine The Copperbelt University Ndola Zambia School of Health Professions Andrews University Berrien Springs Michigan USA World Health Organization Country Office Lusaka Zambia

Smoking is one of the major preventable causes of death and non-communicable diseases which include hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and cancers. The aim of the study is to establish prevalence and predictors of smoking so that interventions specific to these communities can be executed to prevent smoking. A cross sectional study was conducted using a modified World Health Organizations Global Non Communicable Diseases (NCD) Surveillance Initiative NCD-STEPs 1 and 2. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the determinants of tobacco smoking. A total of 1627 individuals participated in the survey, of which 42.3% were males. About half of the participants were of age 25-34 years (56.0%), and 41.7% had attained secondary level of education. Overall, 8.7% of the participants (18.1% among males and 1.8% among females) currently smoked any tobacco product. Female respondents were 71% (AOR = 0.29, 95%CI [0.21, 0.39]) less likely to smoke cigarettes compared to male respondents. Compared to respondents who had no formal education, respondents who had attained primary level of education were 45% (AOR = 1.45, 95%CI [1.02, 2.08]) more likely to smoke, and those who attained college or university level of education were 57% (AOR = 0.43, 95%CI [0.28, 0.65]) less likely to smoke. Respondents who did not consume alcohol were 50% (AOR = 0.50, 95%CI [0.41, 0.61]) less likely to smoke compared to those who consumed alcohol. The study showed that sex, education, and alcohol consumption were independently associated with Smoking. These are the key determinants which should be considered when designing a health education and awareness campaign to the residents.

关键词： Smoking Health Education Alcohol Consumption Zambia

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黑线姬鼠两亚种(中国东北地区及俄罗斯远东地区的东北亚种和朝鲜半岛的朝鲜亚种)的线粒体DNA序列缺少趋异性(英文)

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兽类学报 2011年第1期31卷 84-89页

作者： Hung Sun Koh Shar seter 张明海王金星 Kyung Hee Jang Davaa Bazarsad Department of Biology Chungbuk Notional University Cheongju 361 - 763 Korea Department of Molecular Biology National University of Mongolia Ulaanbaatar 210646 Mongolia 东北林业大学野生动物资源学院哈尔滨150040 山东大学生命科学学院济南250100

为了检测黑线姬鼠两亚种(来自中国东北地区、俄罗斯远东地区的东北亚种和朝鲜半岛的朝鲜亚种)线粒体DNA的变异水平并确定朝鲜亚种的分类地位,我们测序分析了两亚种的线粒体DNA细胞色素b的部分序列(1 054 bp)和控制区的部分序列(860 bp)... 详细信息

为了检测黑线姬鼠两亚种(来自中国东北地区、俄罗斯远东地区的东北亚种和朝鲜半岛的朝鲜亚种)线粒体DNA的变异水平并确定朝鲜亚种的分类地位,我们测序分析了两亚种的线粒体DNA细胞色素b的部分序列(1 054 bp)和控制区的部分序列(860 bp),并与基因库中黑线姬鼠相应的单倍型序列进行了比较。可以看出东北亚种的序列显示出某些分异,可以被分为2或3个亚群,所以我们提出需要更多标本的DNA分析来确定东北亚种的分类地位。另外,来自韩国的朝鲜亚种的序列,与来自中国东北地区龙江和哈尔滨的东北亚种的两个亚群相似(1个亚群是细胞色素b的两个单倍型,另1个是控制区的两个单倍型),表明基于线粒体DNA序列的遗传多样性与现今基于形态特征对这些姬鼠的分类所得结果是不一致的。因此我们认为来自韩国的朝鲜亚种是一个只在形态特异上不同于东北亚种的地方亚种,我们建议通过其他DNA标记来进一步验证其亚种地位。我们还认为朝鲜半岛不是最近的冰川期黑线姬鼠残遗种的保护区。

关键词： DNA系统学细胞色b基因控制区黑线姬鼠韩国中国东北

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中投：主权基金怪兽

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财经文摘 2008年第4期 70-73页

作者： Brod W.seter 杨政文（编译）

中投公司和国有商业银行的投资规模，可能比科威特主权基金规模还要大，几乎与挪威主权基金相媲美。但是，该公司更倾向于投资那些有政府高层强力支持的项目。

关键词：基金规模主权怪兽国有商业银行投资规模科威特公司

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