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All-optical image denoising using a diffractive visual processor

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 429-445页

作者： Çağatay işıl Tianyi Gan Fazil Onuralp Ardic Koray Mentesoglu Jagrit Digani Huseyin Karaca Hanlong Chen Jingxi Li Deniz Mengu Mona Jarrahi Kaan Akşit Aydogan Ozcan Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Bioengineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA California NanoSystems institute(CNSi) University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA University College London Department of Computer ScienceLondonUnited Kingdom

image denoising,one of the essential inverse problems,targets to remove noise/artifacts from input *** general,digital image denoising algorithms,executed on computers,present latency due to several iterations implemented in,e.g.,graphics processing units(GPUs).While deep learning-enabled methods can operate non-iteratively,they also introduce latency and impose a significant computational burden,leading to increased power ***,we introduce an analog diffractive image denoiser to all-optically and non-iteratively clean various forms of noise and artifacts from input images–implemented at the speed of light propagation within a thin diffractive visual processor that axially spansis the wavelength of *** all-optical image denoiser comprises passive transmissive layers optimized using deep learning to physically scatter the optical modes that represent various noise features,causing them to miss the output image Field-of-View(FoV)while retaining the object features of *** results show that these diffractive denoisers can efficiently remove salt and pepper noise and image rendering-related spatial artifacts from input phase or intensity images while achieving an output power efficiency of~30–40%.We experimentally demonstrated the effectiveness of this analog denoiser architecture using a 3D-printed diffractive visual processor operating at the terahertz *** to their speed,power-efficiency,and minimal computational overhead,all-optical diffractive denoisers can be transformative for various image display and projection systems,including,e.g.,holographic displays.

关键词： remove rendering holographic

Shear wave velocity model using HVSR inversion beneath Bandar Lampung City

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Earthquake Science 2024年第4期37卷 337-351页

作者： Ahmad Zaenudin Alhada Farduwin Gede i Boy Darmawan Karyanto Department of Geophysical Engineering University of LampungBandar Lampung 35145Indonesia Department of Geophysical Engineering Sumatera Institute of TechnologySouth Lampung 35365Indonesia

The horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio(HVSR)method has been used to characterize site-effect parameters that are indispensable in seismic hazard and risk-reduction studies in urban areas and rapid land-use *** method is widely used because it is the cheapest and simplest geophysical method for the acquisition and processing *** subsequent developments,the HVSR method has been widely used to determine elastic rock parameters,particularly shear wave velocity(v_(S)),through the HVSR curve inversion ***,the v_(S)structural model can be used to delineate the presence of complex geological structures,particularly faults and sedimentary *** Lampung is a city in Lampung Province with many fault structures and groundwater basins to the *** are 83 HVSR measurement points around Bandar Lampung for delineating the presence of fault structures and groundwater *** produced the HVSR curve from the measurement results and then performed an inversion process using the particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain v_(S)for the depth ***,from this profile,we produced a two-dimensional(2D)lateral and vertical *** mean v_(S)value was calculated from all the measurement points,and we found stiff soil layers reaching depths of approximately 5 m,with a value of v_(S)ith a velocity exceeding 1250 m/s was visible at a depth of 100 *** on the 2D model,the v_(S)structure shows that the city of Bandar Lampung is divided into two zones,with a NW-SE *** north-middle-eastern part of the city consists of harder *** harder rock is characterized by extremely high v_(S)values,starting from a depth of 50 *** contrast,the south-middle-west exhibits a low-moderate v_(S)anomaly associated with groundwater basins SW of the *** the 2D v_(S)structural model,fault structures can be found along the city,characterized by a contrast of v_(S)values from low to medium and from me

关键词： shear wave velocity HVSR fault structures groundwater basin Bandar Lampung City

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Height-diameter models for King Boris fir(Abies borisii regis Mattf.) and Scots pine(Pinus sylvestris L.) in Olympus and Pieria Mountains, Greece

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第5期21卷 1475-1490页

作者： Dimitrios i.RAPTiS Dimitra PAPADOPOULOU Angeliki PSARRA Athanasios A.FALLiAS Aristides G.TSiTSANiS Vassiliki KAZANA Renewable Natural Resource Management and Bioeconomy Laboratory Department of Forest and Natural Environment SciencesInternational Hellenic University66100 DramaGreece

in forest science and practice, the total tree height is one of the basic morphometric attributes at the tree level and it has been closely linked with important stand attributes. in the current research, sixteen nonlinear functions for height prediction were tested in terms of their fitting ability against samples of Abies borisii regis and Pinus sylvestris trees from mountainous forests in central Greece. The fitting procedure was based on generalized nonlinear weighted regression. At the final stage, a five-quantile nonlinear height-diameter model was developed for both species through a quantile regression approach, to estimate the entire conditional distribution of tree height, enabling the evaluation of the diameter impact at various quantiles and providing a comprehensive understanding of the proposed relationship across the distribution. The results clearly showed that employing the diameter as the sole independent variable, the 3-parameter Hossfeld function and the 2-parameter N?slund function managed to explain approximately 84.0% and 81.7% of the total height variance in the case of King Boris fir and Scots pine species, respectively. Furthermore, the models exhibited low levels of error in both cases(2.310m for the fir and 3.004m for the pine), yielding unbiased predictions for both fir(-0.002m) and pine(-0.004m). Notably, all the required assumptions for homogeneity and normality of the associated residuals were achieved through the weighting procedure, while the quantile regression approach provided additional insights into the height-diameter allometry of the specific species. The proposed models can turn into valuable tools for operational forest management planning, particularly for wood production and conservation of mountainous forest ecosystems.

关键词： Generalized nonlinear weighted regression Monte Carlo cross-validation Mountainous ecosystems Quantile regression Central Greece

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A Hybrid Classification and identification of Pneumonia Using African Buffalo Optimization and CNN from Chest X-Ray images

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2497-2517页

作者： Nasser Alalwan Ahmed i.Taloba Amr Abozeid Ahmed ibrahim Alzahrani Ali H.Al-Bayatti Computer Science Department Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11437Saudi Arabia information System Department Faculty of Computers and InformationAssiut UniversityAssiutEgypt Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityCairoEgypt Cyber Technology institute(CTi) De Montfort UniversityLeicesterUK

An illness known as pneumonia causes inflammation in the *** there is so much information available fromvarious X-ray images,diagnosing pneumonia has typically proven *** improve image quality and speed up the diagnosis of pneumonia,numerous approaches have been *** date,several methods have been employed to identify *** Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)has achieved outstanding success in identifying and diagnosing diseases in the fields of medicine and ***,these methods are complex,inefficient,and imprecise to analyze a big number of *** this paper,a new hybrid method for the automatic classification and identification of Pneumonia from chest X-ray images is *** proposed method(ABOCNN)utilized theAfrican BuffaloOptimization(ABO)algorithmto enhanceCNNperformance and *** Weinmed filter is employed for pre-processing to eliminate unwanted noises from chest X-ray images,followed by feature extraction using the Grey Level Co-Occurrence Matrix(GLCM)*** features are then selected from the dataset using the ABO algorithm,and ultimately,high-performance deep learning using the CNN approach is introduced for the classification and identification of *** results on various datasets showed that,when contrasted to other approaches,the ABO-CNN outperforms them all for the classification *** proposed method exhibits superior values like 96.95%,88%,86%,and 86%for accuracy,precision,recall,and F1-score,respectively.

关键词： African buffalo optimization convolutional neural network pneumonia X-ray

Exact solutions for magnetohydrodynamic nanofluids flow and heat transfer over a permeable axisymmetric radially stretching/shrinking sheet

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 108-114页

作者： U.S.Mahabaleshwar G.P.Vanitha L.M.Pérez Emad H.Aly i.Pop Department of Studies in Mathematics Davangere UniversityShivagangothriDavangereIndia Departamento de F´ısica FACIUniversidad de Tarapac´aCasilla 7DAricaChile Department of Mathematics Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityRoxyCairoEgypt Department of Mathematics Babes-Bolyai University400084 Cluj-NapocaRomania

We report on the magnetohydrodynamic impact on the axisymmetric flow of Al_(2)O_(3)/Cu nanoparticles suspended in H_(2)O past a stretched/shrinked *** the use of partial differential equations and the corresponding thermophysical characteristics of nanoparticles,the physical flow process is *** resultant nonlinear system of partial differential equations is converted into a system of ordinary differential equations using the suitable similarity *** transformed differential equations are solved *** of the magnetic parameter,solid volume fraction and stretching/shrinking parameter on momentum and temperature distribution have been analyzed and interpreted *** skin friction and Nusselt number were also *** addition,existence of dual solution was deduced for the shrinking sheet and unique solution for the stretching ***,Al_(2)O_(3)/H_(2)O nanofluid flow has better thermal conductivity on comparing with Cu/H_(2)O ***,it was found that the first solutions of the stream are stable and physically realizable,whereas those of the second ones are unstable.

关键词： magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid stretching/shrinking sheet axisymmetric flow analytical solution suction/injection

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Applications of Soft Computing Methods in Backbreak Assessment in Surface Mines: A Comprehensive Review

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2207-2238页

作者： Mojtaba Yari Manoj Khandelwal Payam Abbasi Evangelos i.Koutras Danial Jahed Armaghani Panagiotis G.Asteris Department of Mining Engineering Faculty of EngineeringMalayer UniversityMalayer***Iran institute of innovation Science and SustainabilityFederation University AustraliaBallaratVIC 3350Australia Marane Olia Ornamental Stone Mine Sanandaj***Iran Computational Mechanics Laboratory School of Pedagogical and Technological EducationAthens15122Greece School of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Technology SydneySydneyNSW 2007Australia

Geo-engineering problems are known for their complexity and high uncertainty levels,requiring precise defini-tions,past experiences,logical reasoning,mathematical analysis,and practical insight to address them *** Computing(SC)methods have gained popularity in engineering disciplines such as mining and civil engineering due to computer hardware and machine learning *** traditional hard computing approaches,SC models use soft values and fuzzy sets to navigate uncertain *** study focuses on the application of SC methods to predict backbreak,a common issue in blasting operations within mining and civil ***,which refers to the unintended fracturing of rock beyond the desired blast perimeter,can significantly impact project timelines and *** study aims to explore how SC methods can be effectively employed to anticipate and mitigate the undesirable consequences of blasting operations,specifically focusing on backbreak *** research explores the complexities of backbreak prediction and highlights the potential benefits of utilizing SC methods to address this challenging issue in geo-engineering projects.

关键词： Backbreak blasting soft computing methods prediction theory-guided machine learning

Landau quantization effects on damping Kawahara solitons in electron–positron–ion plasma in rotating ionized medium

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第10期 143-152页

作者： E i El-Awady S Hussain N Akhtar Department of Physics Faculty of Science Port Said University Theoretical Physics Division (TPD) PINSTECH

For the dynamics of three-dimensional electron–positron–ion plasmas, a fluid quantum hydrodynamic model is proposed by considering Landau quantization effects in dense ***–neutral collisions in the presence of the Coriolis force are also considered. The application of the reductive perturbation technique produces a wave evolution equation represented by a damped Korteweg–de Vries equation. This equation, however, is insufficient for describing waves in our system at very low dispersion coefficients. As a result, we considered the highest-order perturbation, which resulted in the damped Kawahara equation. The effects of the magnetic field, Landau quantization, the ratio of positron density to electron density, the ratio of positron density to ion density, and the direction cosine on linear dispersion laws as well as soliton and conoidal solutions of the damped Kawahara equation are explored. The understanding from this research can contribute to the broader field of astrophysics and aid in the interpretation of observational data from white dwarfs.

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Value Function Mechanism in WSNs-Based Mango Plantation Monitoring System

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Computers, Materials and Continua 2024年第3期80卷 3733-3759页

作者： Sung W.-T. isa i.G.T. Hsiao S.-J. Department of Electrical Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung 411030 Taiwan Department of informatics Management Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya Palembang 30139 Indonesia Department of information Technology Takming University of Science and Technology Taipei City 11451 Taiwan

Mango fruit is one of the main fruit commodities that contributes to Taiwan’s income. The implementation of technology is an alternative to increasing the quality and quantity of mango plantation product productivity. in this study, a Wireless Sensor Networks (“WSNs”)-based intelligent mango plantation monitoring system will be developed that implements deep reinforcement learning (DRL) technology in carrying out prediction tasks based on three classifications: “optimal,” “sub-optimal,” or “not-optimal” conditions based on three parameters including humidity, temperature, and soil moisture. The key idea is how to provide a precise decision-making mechanism in the real-time monitoring system. A value function-based will be employed to perform DRL model called deep Q-network (DQN) which contributes in optimizing the future reward and performing the precise decision recommendation to the agent and system behavior. The WSNs experiment result indicates the system’s accuracy by capturing the real-time environment parameters is 98.39%. Meanwhile, the results of comparative accuracy model experiments of the proposed DQN, individual Q-learning, uniform coverage (UC), and Naïve Bayes classifier (NBC) are 97.60%, 95.30%, 96.50%, and 92.30%, respectively. From the results of the comparative experiment, it can be seen that the proposed DQN used in the study has the most optimal accuracy. Testing with 22 test scenarios for “optimal,” “sub-optimal,” and “not-optimal” conditions was carried out to ensure the system runs well in the real-world data. The accuracy percentage which is generated from the real-world data reaches 95.45%. From the results of the cost analysis, the system can provide a low-cost system compared to the conventional system. Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Tech Science Press.

关键词： deep Q-network (DQN) deep reinforcement learning (DRL) intelligent monitoring system wireless sensor networks (WSNs)

Smarter in the city?Lizards from urban and semi-natural habitats do not differ in a cognitive task in two syntopic species

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Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 361-370页

作者： isabel Damas-Moreira Birgit Szabo Georgios Drosopoulos Carolin Stober Duje Lisičić Barbara A.Caspers Department of Behavioural Ecology Bielefeld University33615Germany Division of Behavioural Ecology University of Bern3032Switzerland Department of Biology University of Zagreb10000Croatia Joint institute of individualisation in a Changing Environment(JiCE) University of Münster and Bielefeld University33615Germany

Urbanization occurs at a global scale,imposing dramatic and abrupt environmental changes that lead to biodiversity ***,some animal species can handle these changes,and thrive in such artifcial *** possible explanation is that urban individuals are equipped with better cognitive abilities,but most studies have focused on birds and mammals and yielded varied *** have received much less attention,despite some lizard species being common city *** italian wall lizard,Podarcis siculus,and the common wall lizard,Podarcis muralis,are two successful lizards in anthropogenic habitats that thrive in urban *** test for differences in a cognitive skill between urban and semi-natural environments,we investigated inhibitory control through a detour task in syntopic populations of the two species,across 249 lizards that were tested in partially artifcial feld *** inhibitory control is considered essential for higher degrees of cognitive fexibility and other higher-level cognitive *** this task,we confronted lizards with a transparent barrier,separating them from a desired shelter area that they could only reach by controlling their impulse to go straight and instead detour the *** found no differences between lizards in urban and semi-natural environments,nor between species,but females overall performed better than ***,48%of the lizards in our study did not perform a correct trial in any of the 5 trials,hinting at the diffculty of the task for these *** study is among the frst to address lizard cognition,through their inhibitory control,as a potential explanation for success in cities and highlights one should be careful with assuming that urban animals generally have enhanced cognitive performance,as it might be taxa,task,or condition dependent.

关键词： Podarcis siculus Podarcis muralis Behavior Cognition Detour task Reptile.