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Sex-dependent resilience to extreme drought events: implications for climate change adaptation of a South American endangered tree species

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Ecological Processes 2024年第02期13卷 48-60页

作者： sergio Piraino Martín Ariel Hadad Yanina Antonia Ribas-Fernández Fidel Alejandro Roig Laboratorio de Dendrocronología e Historia Ambiental (IAnIGLA COnICET ) Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Laboratorio de Dendrocronología de Zonas áridas (CIGEOBIO COnICET ) Gabinete de Geología Ambiental (INGEO UNSJ) Hémera Centro de Observación de la Tierra Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Mayor

Background Recent changes in climatic trends are resulting in an increased frequency and intensity of extreme events, with unknown effect on ecosystem dynamics in the near future. Extreme drought episodes are recognized as disturbance factors capable of modifying forest dynamics and tree growth. Within this context, dioecious tree species may be impacted by climatic extremes, affecting male/female proportions and, consequently, reproductive processes and species persistence. Therefore, there is an urgent need for species-specific assessments of growth tolerance to extreme dry spells in dioecious tree species, to establish effective conservation strategies for these particular natural resources. Araucaria araucana(araucaria), an endangered dioecious Patagonian tree species, has recently undergone decay and mortality episodes in response to increasing dry climatic conditions. While sex-dependent tolerance to extreme drought episodes has been assessed in the species' humid distribution range, there is still a lack of information on the gender-based resilience of trees growing in the drier environments of the species' *** We reconstructed, through dendrochronological methods, the sex-dependent response of 105 araucaria individuals(55 female and 50 male trees) to five regional extreme dry spells employing a set of different indices. Resistance, recovery period, and average growth reduction of standardized tree-ring growth were examined, analysing the effect of biotic(sex, pre-drought stem tree growth) and abiotic(local climatic conditions before, during, and after extreme climatic episodes) factors on tree *** Sex influences only the species resistance to climatic disturbance, with male individuals showing lower tolerance to extreme drought events. Pre-drought radial growth rates and local meteorological conditions preceding, during, and following extreme dry spells strongly modulated araucaria radial growth resilience regardless of tree s

关键词： Araucaria Climate change Dendrochronology Extreme drought event Resilience

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Solar-assisted photocatalytic water splitting using defective UiO-66 solids from modulated synthesis

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nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4134-4150页

作者： Celia M.Rueda-navarro María Cabrero-Antonino Paula Escamilla Valentín Díez-Cabanes Dong Fan Pedro Atienzar Belén Ferrer Ignacio Vayá Guillaume Maurin Herme G.Baldoví sergio navalón Departamento de Química Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaCamino de Vera s/nValencia 46022Spain Instituto de Ciencia Molecular(ICMOL) Universitat de ValènciaPaterna 46980Spain ICGM Univ.MontpellierCNRSENSCMMontpellier34095France Instituto de Tecnología Química(UPV-CSIC) Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaAvenida de los Naranjos s/nValencia 46022Spain

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)are attracting increasing interests as photocatalysts for solar-driven hydrogen production from *** paper reports on a comparative study of using either acetic acid(AA)or trifluoroacetic acid(TFA)as the representative UiO-66 organic modulators for synthesizing visible light responsive UiO-66(Zr)-X(X:nH_(2) or nO_(2))photocatalysts for water *** results show that photocatalytic hydrogen generation from a water/methanol mixture can be improved by varying the nature and amount of the modulator employed to prepare the different UiO-66(Zr)-X(X:nH_(2) or nO_(2))solid ***-66(Zr)-nH_(2) was the most active photocatalyst,followed by UiO-66(Zr)-nO_(2),both prepared with 12 equivalents of AA with respect to the organic *** UiO-66(Zr)-nH_(2) solid was more active than the parent MOF in photocatalytic overall water splitting(OWS)(H_(2) and O_(2) production of 450 and 160μmol·g^(-1),respectively,in 5 h;apparent quantum yield(AQY)at 400 nm of 0.06%)in the absence of methanol and compares favourably with analogous *** on the photocatalytic activity of the most active solids of both series was obtained by means of a series of techniques,including ultraviolet-visible(UV-vis)diffuse reflectance,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),laser flash photolysis(LFP),electron spin resonance(ESR),photoluminescence and photoelectrochemical measurements together with density functional theory(DFT)*** results showed that organic acid modulators can be used to enhance the photocatalytic activity of missing linker UiO-66 defective materials in solar-powered water splitting.

关键词： heterogeneous photocatalysis metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) UiO-66 materials carboxylic acid modulators water splitting solar light

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Robust hybrid bismuth perovskites as potential photocatalysts for overall water splitting

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nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4593-4601页

作者： Antonio J.Chacón-García Herme G.Baldovi Artem A.Babaryk Antonio Rodríguez-Diéguez sergio navalón Yolanda Pérez Hermenegildo García Patricia Horcajada Advanced Porous Materials Unit IMDEA Energy InstituteAvda.Ramón y Cajal 328935 MóstolesMadridSpain Departamento de Química Universitat Politècnica de València46022 ValènciaSpain Departamento Química Inorgánica Universidad de Granada1807GranadaSpain Departamento de Biología y Geología Física y Química Inorgánica.ESCET.Universidad Rey Juan Carlos28933 MóstolesMadridSpain Instituto de tecnología química CSIC-UPV Universitat Politècnica de València(UPV)46022Spain

Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites have gained great attention as promising photocatalysts for hydrogen ***,due to their poor stability in water,the use of aqueous hydrohalic acid solutions is specifically required for an efficient hydrogen ***,three novel photoactive lead-free hybrid perovskites based on bismuth and triazolium cations(denoted as IEF-15,IEF-16,and IEF-17(IEF stands for IMDEA energy frameworks))were synthesized and fully characterized(structural,compositional,optical,etc.).Further,these solids were proposed as photocatalysts for the challenging gas phase overall water splitting(OWS)***,IEF-16 thin films exhibited a remarkable photocatalytic activity in both H_(2) and O_(2) evolution,as a consequence of its appropriate bandgap and energy-band alignment,achieving hydrogen evolution rates ofμmol·g_(H_(2))^(-)1846 and 360 after 24 h under ultraviolet-visible(UV-vis)irradiation or simulated solar irradiation,*** study additionally highlights the remarkable structural and photochemical stability of IEF-16 under different operational conditions(*** volume,irradiation and temperature),paving the way for green hydrogen production from OWS using perovskite-based photocatalysts.

关键词： bismuth-based hybrid perovskites thin films photocatalysis overall water splitting green hydrogen

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nonlinear dynamics of the reversed shear Alfvén eigenmode in burning plasmas

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第5期26卷 1-16页

作者：王涛魏士朝 sergio BRIGUGLIO Gregorio VLAD Fulvio ZOnCA 仇志勇 Institute for Fusion Theory and Simulation and School of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China Center for nonlinear Plasma Science ENEA C.R.FrascatiFrascati 00044Italy Fusion and nuclear Safety Department ENEA C.R.FrascatiFrascati 00044Italy

In a tokamak fusion reactor operated at steady state,the equilibrium magnetic field is likely to have reversed shear in the core region,as the noninductive bootstrap current profile generally peaks *** reversed shear Alfvén eigenmode(RSAE)as a unique branch of the shear Alfvén wave in this equilibrium,can exist with a broad spectrum in wavenumber and frequency,and be resonantly driven unstable by energetic particles(EP).After briefly discussing the RSAE linear properties in burning plasma condition,we review several key topics of the nonlinear dynamics for the RSAE through both wave-EP resonance and wave-wave coupling channels,and illustrate their potentially important role in reactor-scale fusion *** means of simplified hybrid MHD-kinetic simulations,the RSAEs are shown to have typically broad phase space resonance structure with both circulating and trapped EP,as results of weak/vanishing magnetic shear and relatively low *** the route of wave-EP nonlinearity,the dominant saturation mechanism is mainly due to the transported resonant EP radially decoupling with the localized RSAE mode structure,and the resultant EP transport generally has a convective *** saturated RSAEs also undergo various nonlinear couplings with other collective *** typical routes as parametric decay and modulational instability are studied using nonlinear gyrokinetic theory,and applied to the scenario of spontaneous excitation by a finite amplitude pump *** RSAEs could naturally couple and induce the spectral energy cascade into a low frequency Alfvénic mode,which may effectively transfer the EP energy to fuel ions via collisionless Landau ***,zero frequency zonal field structure could be spontaneously excited by modulation of the pump RSAE envelope,and may also lead to saturation of the pump RSAE by both scattering into stable domain and local distortion of the continuum structure.

关键词： reversed shear Alfvén eigenmode energetic particle nonlinear gyrokinetic theory saturation burning plasma

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Fast prediction of rain erosion in wind turbine blades using a data-based computational tool

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第3期36卷 504-518页

作者： Juan M.Gimenez sergio R.Idelsohn Eugenio Oñate Centre Internacional de Mètodes numèrics en Enginyeria(CIMnE) Edifici C1 Campus Nord UPC C/Gran CapitàS/NBarcelonaSpain

Wind turbines(WTs)face a high risk of failure due to environmental factors like erosion,particularly in high-precipitation areas and offshore *** this paper we introduce a novel computational tool for the fast prediction of rain erosion damage on WT blades that is useful in operation and maintenance decision making *** approach is as follows:Pseudo-Direct numerical Simulation(P-DnS)simulations of the droplet-laden flow around the blade section profile are employed to build a high-fidelity data set of impact statistics for potential operating *** this database as training data,a machine learning-based surrogate model provides the feature of the impact pattern over the 2-D section for given wind and rain *** this information,a fatigue-based model estimates the remaining lifetime and erosion damage for both homogeneous and coating-substrate blade *** prediction is done by quantifying the accumulated droplet impact energy and evaluating operative conditions over time periods for which the weather at the installation site is *** this work,we describe the modules that compose the prediction method,namely the database creation,the training of the surrogate model and their coupling to build the prediction ***,the method is applied to predict the remaining lifetime and erosion damage to the blade sections of a reference *** evaluate the reliability of the tool,several site locations(offshore,coastal,and inland),the coating material and the coating thickness of the blade are *** few minutes we are able to estimate erosion after many years of *** results are in good agreement with field observations,showing the promise of the new rain erosion prediction approach.

关键词： Wind turbine blades leading edge erosion fatigue Pseudo-Direct numerical Simulation(P-DnS) machine learning eblader

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Semiosic Translation:a Bayesian-heuristic theory of translation and translating

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Language and Semiotic Studies 2024年第2期10卷 167-202页

作者： sergio Torres-Martínez Universidad de Antioquia Cll.67#53–108MedellínAntioquiaColombia

In the context of Semiosic Translation,two elements are essential for a translation to emerge:the body–brain–context interface(extended mind)and the sign systems making up a translation *** this paper,I explain how a renewed view of the body as a Bayesian-heuristic Semiotic Prior helps to understand in a more holistic manner the motivations and agentive character of translation,defined herein as a phenomenological grasp of the *** to the present proposal is the idea that bodily self-stabilization(homeostasis)and brain-driven correction(allostasis)provide translator-agents with maps of action upon the world that are semiotic in *** this occurs thanks to information weighing(Bayesian)and cue-driven(heuristic)types of inference whereby exteroceptive(exogenous)and interoceptive(inner-body)signals converge to create a sense of bodily awareness responsible for the construction of the symbolic persona(the translator-agent).

关键词： embodiment Bayesian semiosis heuristic semiosis semiotics Semiosic Translation translator-agents

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Reproductive patterns in Araucaria araucana forests in the Andean range, Chile

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Ecological Processes 2024年第01期13卷 252-261页

作者： sergio Donoso Karen Pe?a-Rojas Claudia Espinoza Carolain Badaracco Rómulo Santelices-Moya Antonio Cabrera-Ariza Mediterranean Forests Laboratory Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation Centro Secano Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Universidad Católica del Maule Maule Advanced Studies Research Center Vice-Rector's Office for Research and Postgraduate Studies Catholic University of Maule

Background Araucaria araucana is a mast species that presents a high variability in annual cone production. Researchers have recorded synchronization events in cone production in different populations, which allows the seed production to be concentrated, reducing the percentage of seeds consumed by different animal *** We sampled three populations located in the Andes Mountains, Araucanía Region, Chile. In 2004 we began the collection of data on cone production, for which we installed permanent plots（1200 m2each） at each location. We identified and labeled each female tree in each plot to monitor its cone production. In 2012 we selected a total of 30 trees near the plots to evaluate the number of seeds per cone. In each February from 2012 to 2014 we selected two mature cones and covered them with a porous mesh for subsequent collection and storage in March. At the beginning of June, we counted and weighed the seeds, determining the average weight, the number of seeds per cone, the germination capacity（GC）, and the germination speed（GS）.Results Cone production was synchronous across the three locations. We observed significant differences among the locations and years evaluated. The cones had fewer seeds in 2013（high production） compared to those in 2012（low production）, but their weights were similar. In 2014 the cones produced smaller seeds in fewer quantities. The difference between the years 2013 and 2014 resulted from the high-energy expenditure in 2013. Regarding GC and GS, there were significant differences among the three locations（GC: F = 45.41, p n *** Both GC and GS are related to seed weight but not to the number of cones produced in a given year. These annual fluctuations in seed production are determining factors in the population dynamics of forest species. Our results allow a better understanding of the reproductive phenology of A. araucana and could hel

关键词： Seed weight Germination potential Masting species Sustainable use Dioecious species

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A new look at the first dinosaur discovered in Antarctica:reappraisal of Antarctopelta oliveroi(Ankylosauria:Parankylosauria)

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Advances in Polar Science 2024年第1期35卷 78-107页

作者： sergio SOTO ACUÑA Alexander OVARGAS Jonatan KALUZA Red Paleontológica U-Chile Departamento de BiologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de ChileÑuñoa 7800003Chile Escuela de Geología Facultad de CienciasIngeniería y TecnologíaUniversidad MayorProvidenciaSantiago 7500994Chile Fundación de Historia natural Félix de Azara Universidad MaimónidesBuenos Aires C1405Argentina Consejo nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(COnICET) Buenos Aires C1425FQBArgentina

The first dinosaur discovered in the Antarctic continent was the ankylosaur Antarctopelta oliveroi in the ***,since then several hypotheses of phylogenetical relationships have been proposed because these have been depended on how the skeletal remains have been *** main obstacle for clarifying its phylogenetic position is that many portions of the skeleton remain unknown,in addition to the presence of unknown characters in typical *** an ankylosaurid,nodosaurid,or even a chimaera,a recent proposal based on mostly complete material of a new ankylosaur from Chilean Patagonia provided support for a novel phylogenetic hypothesis:Antarctopelta and other southern ankylosaurs are an early branching clade,the Parankylosauria,whose origin probably dates to the Late *** the light of this new view,a redescription of the available skeletal remains is provided together with a new reconstruction of the first Antarctic dinosaur known to the science community.

关键词： Antarctic Peninsula Biogeographic Weddellian Province Parankylosauria Antarctopelta

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A new look at the first dinosaur discovered in Antarctica: reappraisal of Antarctopelta oliveroi(Ankylosauria: Parankylosauria)

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Advances in Polar Science 2024年

作者： sergio SOTO ACU?A Alexander O.VARGAS Jonatan KALUZA Consejo nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (COnICET) Red Paleontológica U-Chile，Departamento de Biología， Facultad de Ciencias， Universidad de Chile Fundación de Historia natural Félix de Azara， Universidad Maimónides Escuela de Geología，Facultad de Ciencias， Ingeniería y Tecnología， Universidad Mayor， Providencia

The first dinosaur discovered in the Antarctic continent was the ankylosaur Antarctopelta oliveroi in the 1980s. nevertheless， since then several hypotheses of phylogenetical relationships have been proposed because these have been depended on how the skeletal remains have been interpreted. The main obstacle for clarifying its phylogenetic position is that many portions of the skeleton remain unknown， in addition to the presence of unknown characters in typical ankylosaurs. Considered an ankylosaurid， nodosaurid， or even a chimaera， a recent proposal based on mostly complete material of a new ankylosaur from Chilean Patagonia provided support for a novel phylogenetic hypothesis: Antarctopelta and other southern ankylosaurs are an early branching clade， the Parankylosauria， whose origin probably dates to the Late Jurassic. In the light of this new view， a redescription of the available skeletal remains is provided together with a new reconstruction of the first Antarctic dinosaur known to the science community.

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Patient Safety in the Use of Mechanical Restraints: Regulatory Compliance among Hospitals in the City of Buenos Aires and Proposal for Its Improvement

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Open Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第2期12卷 33-39页

作者： Martín Javier Mazzoglio y nabar sergio Giordano Edgardo Knopoff Lorena Onofrio Oscar Agustín Porta Romina Rodríguez Emergency Service Torcuato de Alvear Psychiatric Emergency Hospital Buenos Aires Argentina Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Faculty of Medicine University of Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina

Introduction: Mechanical or physical restraint is an exceptional therapeutic resource to immobilize a subject and thus guarantee the safety of the patient and/or third parties in the face of high-risk behaviors, but it entails multiple crossings (bioethical, philosophical, medical, psychological, legal). Framed in the so-called “safety culture” developed by the WHO, based on the Protocol for its implementation of the CABA and attentive to its frequent use in CABA by different hospital services (medical clinic, geriatrics, intensive care and medical guards) we consider it necessary its study in terms of compliance with the risks it entails and its management. Objectives: Identify regulatory compliance with the GCABA Mechanical restraint (MR) Protocol from a patient safety perspective, as well as describe the clinical and medicolegal aspects, and propose the usefulness of a tool for its management and control. Methodology: Observational, descriptive, transversal and prospective work through the analysis of Clinical Records with indication of MR using a rubric-type form. 177 cases were analyzed between September-november 2023 from three hospitals of the Government of the City of Buenos Aires, statistical parameters were applied and graphs were made. Results: Only 12.99% complied with the Protocol. In the mental health specialized hospital compliance was almost 5 times greater than in the general one, and in the emergency services compliance was 12 times greater than in Inpatient services. We found that the start or end time of MR was not recorded and only 43% described the causes/justifications for the indication (mostly in Emergency and Specialized hospitals), with the MR average time being shorter in Emergency. Conclusions: Only 1.3 out of 10 patients reliably completed the Protocol and it was mostly in the mental health specialized hospital and the emergency services. The results show non-compliance behavior in the application and management of the risk that the use

关键词： Mechanical Containment Patient Safety Injuries in Custody Buenos Aires City Check List

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