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critical minimum temperature limits xylogenesis and maintains treelines on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau

Science Bulletin 2017年第11期62卷 804-812页

作者： Xiaoxia li Eryuan liang Jozica Gricar sergio Rossi Katarina cufar Aaron M. Ellison Key laboratory of alpine Ecology and Biodiversity Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China cAS center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101 China Sloven ian Forestry Institute Department of Yield and Silviculture Vecna pot 2 S1-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia University of Quebec in chicoutimi Departement des Sciences Fondamentales 555 Boulevard de l'Universite Chicoutimi (QC) G7H2B1 Canada Key laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China University of ljubljana Biotechnical Faculty Department of Wood Science and Technology Jamnikarjeva 101 S1-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia Harvard Forest Harvard University 324 North Main St. Petersham MA 01366 USA

Physiological and ecological mechanisms that define treelines are still debated. It has been suggested that the absence of trees above the treeline is caused by low temperatures that limit growth. Thus, we hypothesized that there is a critical minimum temperature （cTmin） preventing xylogenesis at treeline. We tested this hypothesis by examining weekly xylogenesis across three and four growing seasons in two natural Smith fir （Abies georgei var. srnithii） treeline sites on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Despite differences in the timing of cell differentiation among years, minimum air temperature was the dominant climatic variable associated with xylem growth; the critical minimum temperature （cTmin） for the onset and end of xylogenesis occurred at 0.7 ±0.4 ℃. A process-based modelling chronology of tree-ring formation using this cTmin was consistent with actual tree-ring data. This extremely low cTmin permits Smith fir growing at treeline to complete annual xylem production and maturation and provides both support and a mechanism for treeline formation.

关键词： cambial activity critical minimum temperature Timberline Xylem Vaganov-Shashldn model

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Unsedated ultrathin upper endoscopy is better than conventional endoscopy in routine outpatient gastroenterology practice:A randomized trial

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第6期13卷 906-911页

作者： lucio Trevisani Viviana cifalà sergio Sartori Giuseppe Gilli Giancarlo Matarese Vincenzo Abbasciano Digestive Endoscopy centre Department of Internal Medicine S. Anna Hospital Ferrara Italy Health Physics Department S. Anna Hospital Ferrara Italy

AIM： to compare the feasibility and patients＇ tolerance of esophagogastroduodenoscopy （EGD） using a thin endoscope with those of conventional oral EGD and to determine the optimal route of introduction of smallcaliber endoscopes. METHODS： One hundred and sixty outpatients referred for diagnostic EGD were randomly allocated to 3 groups： conventional （c）-EGD （9.8 mm in diameter）, transnasal （TN）-EGD and transoral （TO）-EGD （5.9 mm in diameter）. Pre-EGD anxiety was measured using a 100-mm visual analogue scale （VAS）. After EGD, patients and endoscopists completed a questionnaire on the pain, nausea, choking, overall discomfort, and quality of the examination either using VAS or answering some questions. The duration of EGD was timed. Blood oxygen saturation （SaO2） and heart rate （HR） were monitored during EGD. RESUlTS： Twenty-one patients refused to participate in the study. The 3 groups were well-matched for age, gender, experience with EGD, and anxiety. EGD was completed in 91.1% （41/45）, 97.5% （40/41）, and 96.2% （51/53） of cases in TN-EGD, TO-EGD, and c-EGD groups, respectively. TN-EGD lasted longer （3.11 ± 1.60 min） than TO-EGD （2.25 ± 1.45 min） and c-EGD （2.49 ± 1.64 rain）（P 〈 0.05）. The overall tolerance was higher （P 〈 0.05） and the overall discomfort was lower （P 〈 0.05） in TN-EGD group than in c-EGD group. EGD was tolerated ＂better than expected＂ in 73.2% of patients in TN-EGD group and 55% and 39.2% of patients in TO-EGD and c-EGD groups, respectively （P 〈 0.05）. Endoscopy was tolerated ＂worst than expected＂ in 4.9% of patients in TN-EGD group and 17.5% and 23.5% of patients in TO- EGD and c-EGD groups, respectively （P 〈 0.05）. TN-EGD caused mild epistaxis in one case, The ability to insuffiate air, wash the lens, and suction of the thin endoscope were lower than those of conventional instrument （P 〈 0,001）, all biopsies performed were adequate for histological assessment. cONclUSION： Diagnostic TN-EGD is better tolerated than c-EGD, Narrow-diameter end

关键词： Diagnotic esophagogastroduodenoscopy Endoscopy Gastroscopy

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Efficient Splitting Methods Based on Modified Potentials:Numerical Integration of linear Parabolic Problems and Imaginary Time Propagation of the Schrodinger Equation

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communications in computational Physics 2023年第4期33卷 937-961页

作者： sergio Blanes Fernando casas cesáreo González Mechthild Thalhammer Universitat Politècnica de València Instituto de Matemática Multidisciplinar46022 ValenciaSpain Universitat Jaume I IMAC and Departament de Matemàtiques12071 CastellónSpain Universidad de Valladolid Departamento de Matemática Aplicada47011 ValladolidSpain leopold–Franzens–Universität Innsbruck Institut für Mathematik6020 InnsbruckAustria.

We present a new family of fourth-order splitting methods with positive coefficients especially tailored for the time integration of linear parabolic problems and,in particular,for the time dependent Schrodinger equation,both in real and imaginary *** are based on the use of a double commutator and a modified processor,and are more efficient than other widely used schemes found in the ***,for certain potentials,they achieve order *** examples in one,two and three dimensions clearly illustrate the computational advantages of the new schemes.

关键词： Schrodinger equation imaginary time propagation parabolic equations operator splitting methods modified potentials

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Multi-temporal NDVI analysis using UAV images of tree crowns in a northern Mexican pine-oak forest

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林业研究:英文版 2023年第6期34卷 1855-1867页

作者： Joséluis Gallardo-Salazar Marcela Rosas-chavoya Marín Pompa-García Pablito Marcelo lópez-Serrano Emily García-Montiel Arnulfo Meléndez-Soto sergio Iván Jiménez-Jiménez Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo(UMSNH)58330 MoreliaMichoacánMexico Programa Institucional de Doctorado en ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales Universidad Juárez del Estado de DurangoRío Papaloapan y Blvd.DurangoValle del Sur s/n34120 DurangoDurangoMéxico Facultad de ciencias Forestales Universidad Juárez del Estado de DurangoRío Papaloapan y Blvd.DurangoValle del Sur s/n34120 DurangoDurangoMéxico Instituto de Silvicultura e Industria de la Madera Universidad Juárez del Estado de DurangoBoulevard del Guadiana 501Ciudad UniversitariaTorre de Investigación34120 DurangoMéxico INIFAP-cENID RASPA centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Relación Agua-Suelo-Planta-Atmósfera Margen derecha canal Sacramento km 6.5Zona industrial35140 Gómez PalacioDurangoMexico

The use of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV)for forest monitoring has grown significantly in recent years,providing information with high spatial resolution and temporal *** with multispectral sensors allow the use of indexes such as the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),which determines the vigor,physiological stress and photo synthetic activity of *** study aimed to analyze the spectral responses and variations of NDVI in tree crowns,as well as their correlation with climatic factors over the course of one *** study area encompassed a 1.6-ha site in Durango,Mexico,where Pinus cembroides,Pinus engelmannii,and Quercus grisea *** images were acquired with UAV and information on meteorological variables was obtained from NASA/POWER *** ANOVA explored possible differences in NDVI among the three *** correlation was performed to identify the linear relationship between NDVI and meteorological *** differences in NDVI values were found at the genus level(Pinus and Quercus),possibly related to the physiological features of the species and their *** grisea had the lowest NDVI values throughout the year which may be attributed to its sensitivity to relative humidity and *** the use of UAV with a multispectral sensor for NDVI monitoring allowed genera differentiation,in more complex forest analyses hyperspectral and liDAR sensors should be integrated,as well other vegetation indexes be considered.

关键词： Multispectral images Normalized diff erence Vegetation index Phenology Unmanned aerial vehicles Multitemporal analysis

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Selective laser Melting of al-7Si-0.5Mg-0.5cu:Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure Evolution,Mechanical Properties and Wear Resistance

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2022年第3期35卷 389-396页

作者： Pei Wang Sijie Yu Jaskarn Shergill Anil chaubey Jürgen Eckert Konda Gokuldoss Prashanth sergio Scudino Additive Manufacturing Institute College of Mechatronics and Control EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Institute for complex Materials IFW DresdenHelmholtzstraBe 2001069 DresdenGermany Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology(IMMT) Bhubaneshwar 751013OrissaIndia Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science Austrian Academy of SciencesJahnstraBe 128700 LeobenAustria Department of Materials Science Chair of Materials PhysicsMontanuniversitat LeobenJahnstraBe 128700 LeobenAustria Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Tallinn University of TechnologyEhitajete tee 519086 TallinnEstonia cBcMT School of Mechanical EngineeringVellore Institute of TechnologyVellore.Tamil Nadu 632014India Adjunct With National University of Science and Technology aMISi Sa Leninsky Prosp..4.119049 MoscowRussia

al-7Si-0.5Mg-0.5cu alloy specimens have been fabricated by selective laser melting(SlM).In this study,the effects of solution treatment,quenching,and artifi cial aging on the microstructural evolution,as well as mechanical and wear properties,have been *** as-prepared samples show a heterogeneous cellular microstructure with two different cell sizes composed ofα-al and Si *** solution-treated and quenched(SQ)heat treatment,the cellular microstructure disappears,and coarse and lumpy Si phase precipitates and a rectangular cu-rich phase were *** aging after solution-treated and quenched(SQA)heat treatment causes the formation of nanosized cu-rich *** asprepared SlMs sample has good mechanical properties and wear resistance(compressive yield strength:215±6 MPa and wear rate 2×10^(-13)m^(3)/m).The SQ samples with lumpy Si particles have the lowest strength of 167±13 MPa and the highest wear rate of 6.18×10^(1-13)m^(3)/*** formation of nanosized cu-rich precipitates in the SQA samples leads to the highest compressive yield strength of 233±6 MPa and a good wear rate of 5.06×10^(-13)m^(3)/m.

关键词： Selective laser melting al-Si-cu-Mg alloy Heat treatment Microstructure Mechanical properties Wear properties

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Human cD4 ＋ effector T lymphocytes generated upon TcR engagement with self-peptides respond defectively to Il-7 in their transition to memory cells

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2013年第3期10卷 261-274页

作者： Gabriela Gonzalez-Perez Norma c Segovia Amaranta Rivas-carvalho Diana P Reyes Honorio Torres-Aguilar sergio R Aguilar-Ruiz claudine Irles Gloria Soldevila carmen Sainchez-Torres 1Department of Molecular Biomedicine Centre de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N. (CINVESTAV-IPN) Mexico City Mexico Department of Physiology Facultad de Medicina Mexico City Mexico Department of Immunology Institute de Investigaciones Biomedicas Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) Mexico City Mexico

The peripheral repertoire of cD4＋ T lymphocytes contains autoreactive cells that remain tolerant through several mechanisms. However, nonspecific cD4＋ T cells can be activated in physiological conditions as in the course of an ongoing immune response, and their outcome is not yet fully understood. Here, we investigate the fate of human naive cD4＋ lymphocytes activated by dendritic cells （Dcs） presenting endogenous self-peptides in comparison with lymphocytes involved in alloresponses. We generated memory cells （Tmem） from primary effectors activated with mature autologous Dcs plus interleukin （Il）-2 （Tmauto）, simulating the circumstances of an active immune response, or allogeneic Dcs （Tmallo）. Tmem were generated from effector cells that were rested in the absence of antigenic stimuli, with or without Il-7. Tmem were less activated than effectors （demonstrated by cD25 downregulation） particularly with Il-7, suggesting that this cytokine may favour the transition to quiescence. Tmauto and TmaHo showed an effector memory phenotype, and responded similarly to polyclonal and antigen-specific stimuli. Biochemically, Il-7-treated Tma^o were closely related to conventional memory lymphocytes based on Erk-l/2 activation, whereas Tmauto were more similar to effectors. Autologous effectors exhibited lower responses to Il-7 than allogeneic cells, which were reflected in their reduced proliferation and higher cell death. This was not related to Il-7 receptor expression but rather to signalling deficiencies, according to STAT5 activation These results suggest that ineffective responses to Il-7 could impair the transition to memory cells of naive cD4＋ T lymphocytes recognizing self-peptides in the setting of strong costimulation.

关键词： human cD4+ T cells Il-7 memory self-peptides

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Palaeobiogeographical constraints on the distribution of foraminifers and rugose corals in the carboniferous Tindouf Basin,South Morocco

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2013年第1期2卷 1-18页

作者： Ian D.Somerville Pedro cózar Ismail Said Daniel Vachard Paula Medina-Varea sergio Rodríguez UcD School of Geological Sciences University College DublinBelfield Dpto.de Geología Sedimentariay cambio Ambiental Instituto de Geociencias (CSICUCM)c/José Antonio Novais28040-Madrid Spain Dpto.de Paleontología Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas Universidad Complutense de Madridc/José Antonio Novais 228040-MadridSpain Université de lille 1 UMR 8217 du CNRS:GéosystèmesBatiment SN 559655 Villeneuve d'Ascq France Dpto.de Geología Sedimentariay cambio Ambiental Instituto de Geociencias (CSICUCM)c/José Antonio Novais28040-MadridSpain Dpto.de Paleontología Facultad de Ciencias GeológicasUniversidad Complutense de Madridc/José Antonio Novais 228040-MadridSpain

The northern flank of the Tindouf Syncline in southern Morocco exhibits a continuous, well exposed carboniferous succession with limestones of late Asbian to Early Bashkirian age containing rich and diverse foraminiferal and rugose coral assemblages. Analysis of these assemblages provides new data on the relatively poorly known Saharan basins. The palaeobiogeographical relationship of the Tindouf Basin with other Palaeotethyan basins is complex. although there is a predominance of cosmopolitan taxa for the Palaeotethys, it is recognized that there was an influence of basins from NW Europe, such as the UK and Ireland. Some taxa are recorded in both NW Europe and Tindouf without any characteristic contributions from intermediate basins in northern Morocco. The neighbouring Béchar Basin in algeria presents distinct assemblages. The bulk of the data analyzed suggest that this sector of the western Palaeotethys can be subdivided into four palaeobiogeographical subprovinces: the Atlantic Subprovince (UK, Ireland, N France and Belgium), the Mediterranean Subprovince (Pyrenees, Montagne Noire, Betic cordillera, Rif (N Morocco) and Balearic Islands), and the Saharan Subprovince (Béchar, Reggan, Ahnet-Mouydir and Tindouf). In between, mobile belts of mixed faunal assemblage characteristics are observed (e.g., SW Spain and central Meseta) forming the West peri-Gondwanan *** of the Tindouf Basin faunas shows that, as in other Saharan basins, there is a high diversity and abundance of foraminiferal taxa, with a higher proportion of survivors and longer stratigraphic ranges; these features also are mirrored by rugose corals. This emphasizes the longevity of the carbonate platform in a tropical setting, where periodic transgressions introduced new assemblages, and oceanic currents are interpreted as one of the main controlling factors for the distribution of the taxa in these subprovinces. Moreover, not only were water temperatures on the platform higher, but also

关键词： carboniferous palaeobiogeography new subprovinces foraminifers rugose corals Tindouf Basin North Africa

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Bats and their vital ecosystem services:a global review

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第1期17卷 2-23页

作者： leidy Azucena RAMÍREZ-FRÁNcEl leidy Viviana GARcÍA-HERRERA sergio lOSADA-PRADO Gladys REINOSO-FlÓREZ alfonso SÁNcHEZ-HERNÁNDEZ sergio ESTRADA-VIllEGAS Burton KlIM Giovany GUEVARA Programa de Doctorado en ciencias Biológicas&Grupo de Investigación en Zoología(GIZ) Facultad de CienciasUniversidad del TolimaIbaguéColombia Programa para la conservación de los Murciélagos de colombia BogotáD.C.Colombia Departamento de Biología&Grupo de Investigación en Zoología(GIZ) Facultad de CienciasUniversidad del TolimaIbaguéColombia Departamento de Matemáticas y Estadística Facultad de CienciasUniversidad del TolimaIbaguéColombia Yale School of the Environment Yale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute BalboaRepublic of Panama Department of Natural History Royal Ontario MuseumTorontoOntarioCanada

Bats play crucial ecosystem services as seed dispersers,pollinators,controllers of insects,and nutrient ***,there has not been a thorough global review evaluating these roles in bats across all biogeographical regions of the *** reviewed the literature published during the last two decades and identified 283 relevant studies:78 dealt with the control of potential insect pests by bats,80 related to the suppression of other arthropods,60 on the dispersal of native or endemic seeds,11 dealt with the dispersal of seeds of introduced plants,29 on the pollination of native or endemic plants,1 study on pollination of introduced plants,and 24 on the use of guano as *** literature search showed that queries combining the terms“seed dispersal,”“insectivorous bats,”“nectarivorous bats,”“use of guano,”and“ecosystem services”returned 577 studies,but half were experimental in *** found that the evaluation of ecosystem services by bats has been mostly conducted in the Neotropical and Palearctic *** detect differences across relevant studies,and to explain trends in the study of ecosystem services provided by bats,we performed generalized linear mixed models(GlMM)fitted with a Poisson distribution to analyze potential differences among sampling *** identified 409 bat species that provide ecosystem services,752 insect species consumed by bats and 549 plant species either dispersed or pollinated by *** review summarizes the importance of conserving bat populations and the ecological services they provide,which is especially important during the current pandemic.

关键词： chiroptera ecosystem services frugivory,guano,insectivory nectarivory pest control pollination seed dispersal

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Resource-sharing strategies in ecotypes of the invasive clonal plant carpobrotus edulis: specialization for abundance or scarcity of resources

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第4期10卷 681-691页

作者： Josefina G.campoy Rubén Retuerto sergio R.Roiloa Departamento de Biología celular y Ecología Área de EcologíaFacultad de BiologíaCampus VidaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela15782 Santiago de CompostelaSpain Grupo Biocost Departamento de Biología AnimalBiología Vegetal y EcologíaÁrea de EcologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidade da Coruña15071 A CoruñaSpain

Aims carpobrotus edulis(l.)*** known to invade many coastal ecosystems around the world,and it has been considered as one of the most severe threats to numerous terrestrial plant ***,the study of the relationships between life-history traits that may favour its invasiveness and the invasibility of the environments is necessary to improve our knowledge about inva-sion *** this research,we specifically tested the effects of physiological integration in genotypes from contrasting habitats,where the importance of integration is expected to ***,the main objective of this work was to detect the presence of adaptive plasticity in the capacity for clonal integration in this aggressive *** In a greenhouse experiment,we compared the performance,in terms of growth and photochemical efficiency,of two *** *** and severed ramet pairs from coastal sand dunes and rocky coast habitats were grown in substrates of different quality and *** Findings Our study clearly indicates that clonal integration improves growth and photosynthetic efficiency in the aggressive invader *** differ-ent aspects of clonal integration determine site-specific strategies in this species in order to optimize its successful propagation in a particular *** demonstrated that the adaptation of *** to local envi-ronments has led to a differential selection of two complex clonal traits associated with the capacity for clonal *** patchy sand dunes,*** has evolved ecotypes with ramets highly plastic in patterns of biomass allocation,which allows ramets to specialize in the acquisi-tion of the resource that is locally most abundant,i.e.,a spatial division of labour among ***,in the harsher rocky coast habitats,local adaptation produced highly integrated ecotypes,where resource sharing is not combined with a specialization of resource acquisition.

关键词： adaptive plasticity biomass allocation carpobrotus edulis chlorophyll fluorescence clonal integration

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A Numerical Study on Hydraulic Fracturing Problems via the Proper Generalized Decomposition Method

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computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2020年第2期122卷 703-720页

作者： Daobing Wang sergio Zlotnik Pedro Díez Hongkui Ge Fujian Zhou Bo Yu School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Pipeline Critical Technology and Equipment for Deepwater Oil&Gas DevelopmentBeijing Institute of Petrochemical TechnologyBeijing102617China. laboratori de càlcul Numèric(lacàN) ETS de Ingeniero de CaminosCanales y PuertosUniversitat Politècnica de CatalunyaBarcelonaE-08034Spain. Research Institute of Unconventional Oil and Gas Science and Technology China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China. Department of Oil&Gas Transportation and Engineering Beijing Institute of Petrochemical TechnologyBeijing102617China.

The hydraulic fracturing is a nonlinear,fluid-solid coupling and transient problem,in most cases it is always time-consuming to simulate this process *** recent years,although many numerical methods were proposed to settle this problem,most of them still require a large amount of computer *** it is a high demand to develop more efficient numerical approaches to achieve the real-time monitoring of the fracture geometry during the hydraulic fracturing *** this study,a reduced order modeling technique namely Proper Generalized Decomposition(PGD),is applied to accelerate the simulations of the transient,non-linear coupled system of hydraulic fracturing problem,to match this extremely tight response time *** separability of the solution in space and time dimensions is studied for a simplified model *** solid and fluid equations are coupled explicitly by inverting the solid discrete problem,and a simple iterative procedure to handle the non-linear characteristic of the hydraulic fracturing problem is proposed in this *** validation illustrates that the results of PGD match well with these of standard finite element method in terms o f fracture opening and fluid pressure in the ***,after the off-line calculations,the numerical results can be obtained in real time.

关键词： Hydraulic fracturing proper generalized decomposition reduced order modeling numerical simulation.

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