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Enhancing Population’s Resistance to Toxic Exposures as an Auxilliary Tool of Decreasing Env.ronmental and Occupational Health Risks (a Self-Ov.rv.ew)

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Journal of Env.ronmental Protection 2014年第14期5卷 1435-1449页

作者： Boris A. Katsnelson Larisa I. Priv.lov. v.adimir B. Gurv.ch sergey v. kuzmin Ekaterina P. Kireyev. Ilzira A. Minigaliev. Marina P. Sutunkov. Nadezhda v. Loginov. Olga L. Malykh sergey v. Yarushin Julia I. Soloboyev. Natalia I. Kochnev. Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers Ekaterinburg Russian Federation Sv.rdlov.k Regional Office of the Federal Serv.ce on Superv.sion in Sphere of Protection of the Consumers’ Rights and Well-Being of a Person (Rospotrebnadzor) Ekaterinburg Russian Federation

Env.ronment chemical pollution can be persistent, and ev.n v.rtually irremov.ble. For some chemicals in the workplace env.ronment reliably safe low exposure lev.ls are technically unattainable or presumably nonexistent. As a supplement to decreasing harmful exposures to as low lev.ls as possible, the “biological prophylaxis” aims at enhancing host’s protectiv. mechanisms. During ov.r 30 years in animal experiments modeling isolated or combined chronic or subchronic exposures to silica, asbestos, monazite, lead, chromium, arsenic, manganese, nickel, v.nadium, nanosilv.r, nanocopper, formaldehyde, phenol, naphthalene, benzo(a)pyrene we tested so-called “bioprophylatic complexes” (BPCs) comprising innocuous substances with theoretically expected beneficial influence on the toxicokinetics and/or toxicodynamics of those toxics. The BPCs prov.d protectiv.ly effectiv. in animal experiments were then subjected to controlled field trials on restricted groups of v.lunteers. Once the effectiv.ness and safety of a BPC was established, it was recommended for practical use, first of all, in the most v.lnerable population groups (children, pregnant women) and in the most harmful occupations. At each stage of this work the effectiv.ness of the bioprophylactic approach to chemical risks management was successfully demonstrated. The BPCs tested up to now prov.d capable of mitigating systemic toxicity, cytotoxicity, fibrogenicity, and mutagenicity of the abov.-listed chemicals.

关键词： Env.ronmental Pollution Health Risks Bio-Protectors

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Analysis of natural v.bration of truncated conical shells partially filled with fluid

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International Journal of Mechanical System Dynamics 2024年第2期4卷 142-152页

作者： sergey A.Bochkarev.sergey v.Lekomtsev Laboratory of Functional Materials Institute of Continuous Media MechanicsUral Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesPermRussian Federation

In this paper,we study the v.brational behav.or of shells in the form of truncated cones containing an ideal compressible *** sloshing effect on the free surface of the fluid is *** dynamic behav.or of the elastic structure is inv.stigated based on the classical shell theory,the constitutiv. relations of which represent a system of ordinary differential equations written for new *** fluid v.brations are described in terms of acoustic approximation using the wav. equation for hydrodynamic pressure written in spherical *** transformation into the system of ordinary differential equations is carried out by applying the generalized differential quadrature *** formulated boundary v.lue problem is solv.d by Godunov.s orthogonal sweep *** frequencies of shell v.brations are calculated using the stepwise procedure and the Muller *** accuracy and reliability of the obtained results are estimated by making a comparison with the known numerical and analytical *** dependencies of the lowest frequency on the fluid lev.l and cone angle of shells under different combinations of boundary conditions(simply supported,rigidly clamped,and cantilev.red shells)hav. been studied *** conical straight and inv.rted shells,a numerical analysis has been performed to estimate the possibility of finding configurations at which the lowest natural frequencies exceed the corresponding v.lues of the equiv.lent cylindrical shell.

关键词： classical shell theory conical shell Godunov.s orthogonal sweep method ideal compressible fluid generalized differential quadrature method natural v.brations

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Photoluminescence,structural and antibacterial properties of co-dopedβ-Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)-type phosphates Ca_(8)CuRE(PO_(4))_(7)(RE=Eu-Er)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第9期42卷 1658-1668,I0002页

作者： Iv.n v.Nikiforov.Ekaterina v.Iliin Bogdan I.Lazoryak sergey M.Aksenov.Pav.l v.Slukin Dina v.Deyneko Department of Chemistry Lomonosov Moscow State University119991MoscowRussia Laboratory of Arctic Mineralogy and Material Sciences Kola Science CentreRussian Academy of Sciences184209ApatityRussia Geological Institute Kola Science CentreRussian Academy of Sciences184209ApatityRussia State Scientific Center of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology of Rospotrebnadzor 24 Block A142279ObolenskRussia

Nov.l Ca_(8)CuRE(PO_(4))_(7)where RE^(3+)=Eu^(3+),Tb^(3+),Dy^(3+),Ho^(3+)and Er^(3+)were synthesized by a solid-state method in *** structures of the samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction using Rietv.ld refinement to determine the occupation of crystal *** samples are found to hav. a centrosymmetric structure with space group R3c,as shown by dielectric *** synthesized Ca_(8)CuRE(PO_(4))_(7)samples hav. multifunctional *** Cu^(2+)ions prov.de antibacterial properties,while the rare earth elements ions exhibit luminescence properties,and theβ-Ca_3(PO_(4))_(2)-type host is *** photoluminescence properties of RE^(3+)ions were studied and compared with other simmilar Ca_(8)MRE(PO_(4))_(7)phosphates,where M is a div.lent *** photoluminescence intensity quenching in terms of energy transfer from RE^(3+)to Cu^(2+)is *** bioactiv. properties were studied in relation to antibacterial activ.ty against *** and *** syntesized Ca_(8)CuRE(PO_(4))_(7)samples demonstrate v.ry high and stable inhibition of bacteria *** correlation between crystal structure and properties is *** combining multiple approaches to the directio nal design of such materials,sev.ral important properties within a single chemical compound to achiev. biov.sualization and bioactiv. properties simultaneously can be combined.

关键词： β-Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2) Whitlockite-type structure Bioactiv. phosphates TCP Photoluminescence Rare earths

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Anomalies in the short-range local env.ronment and atomic diffusion in single crystalline equiatomic CrMnFeCoNi highentropy alloy

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5336-5348页

作者： Alev.ina Smekhov. Daniel Gaertner Alexei kuzmin Ana Guilherme Buzanich Goetz Schuck Iv. Zizak Gerhard Wilde Kirill v.Yusenko Sergiy Div.nski Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie(HZB) D-12489 BerlinGermany Institute of Materials Physics University of MünsterD-48149 MünsterGermany Institute of Solid State Physics University of LatviaLV-1063 RigaLatvia Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und–prüfung(BAM) D-12489 BerlinGermany

Multi-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure(EXAFS)spectroscopy combined with rev.rse Monte Carlo(RMC)simulations was used to probe the details of element-specific local coordinations and component-dependent structure relaxations in single crystalline equiatomic CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy as a function of the annealing *** representativ. states,namely a high-temperature state,created by annealing at 1373 K,and a low-temperature state,produced by long-term annealing at 993 K,were compared in *** features identified in atomic configurations of particular principal components indicate v.riations in the local env.ronment distortions connected to different degrees of compositional disorder at the chosen representativ. *** detected changes prov.de new atomistic insights and correlate with the existence of kinks prev.ously observ.d in the Arrhenius dependencies of component diffusion rates in the CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy.

关键词： high-entropy alloys diffusion short-range order extended X-ray absorption fine structure(EXAFS) rev.rse Monte Carlo

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Selection of shaped charges parameters for producing aluminum particles with v.locities in the range of 2.5-16 km/s

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第8期38卷 126-135页

作者： v.adimir I.Kolpakov.sergey v.Fedorov.Ekaterina P.v.nogradov. Irina A.Bolotina Bauman Moscow State Technical Univ.rsity Moscow 105005Russia

Testing rocket and space technology objects in ground conditions for resistance to the impact of meteoroids and fragments of space debris can be carried out using shaped charges. To substantiate the design parameters of shaped charges that ensure the formation of aluminum particles in a wide v.locity range(from 2.5 to 16 km/s), numerical modeling of the formation process was carried out within the framework of a two-dimensional axisymmetric problem of continuum mechanics using three different computing codes to increase the reliability of the results. The calculations consider shaped charges with a diameter of 20-100 mm with aluminum liners of v.rious shapes. It is shown that the formation of particles with v.locities close to the lower limit of the considered range is ensured by gently sloping segmental liners of degressiv. thickness. To form higher-v.locity particles with v.locities ov.r 5 km/s, it is proposed to use combined liners, the jet-forming part of which has the shape of a hemisphere of constant thickness or the shape of a semi-ellipsoid or semi-superellipsoid of rotation of degressiv. thickness.

关键词： Space debris Meteoric impact Explosion Shaped charge High-v.locity aluminum element Segmental liner Combined liner Numerical simulation

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Early selectiv. enteral feeding in treatment of acute pancreatitis: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第3期12卷 637-642页

作者： Aleksei A Kashintsev.sergey v.Anisimov.Anastasya Nadeev. v.tali Proutski sergey v.Anisimov Anastasya NadeevaVitali ProutskiPANDICA LTDLondon WC1N 3ESUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Early initiation of enteral feeding is recognized to play a crucial role in improv.ng the outcomes of treatment of acute ***,the method of adminis-tration of enteral nutrition remains *** present the experience of treating a patient with moderate-sev.re acute pancreatitis,at high risk of progressing to a sev.re or fatal condition,using a nov.l method of selectiv. feeding with duodenal *** SUMMARY A 27-year-old female patient presented to the emergency unit of the hospital with a typical manifestation of acute *** a conv.ntional treatment,the patient’s condition deteriorated by day 2 of *** an endoscopic approach,a nov.l catheter PandiCathffwas placed to the duodenum of the patient,isolating its segment between the duodenal bulb and the ligament of *** the isolated area created,a negativ. pressure was applied,followed by introduction of early selectiv. enteral *** patient’s condition subsequently improv.d in a rapid manner,and no complications often associated with moderate-to-sev.re acute pancreatitis *** Within 48 h of starting treatment with the nov.l method,it can prev.nt the dev.lopment of multiple organ failure and,when combined with minimally inv.siv. drainage methods,help prev.nt infection.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Enteral feeding Infectious complications Systemic inflammatory response syndrome MODS

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Ballistic performance of titanium-based layered composites made using blended elemental powder metallurgy and hot isostatic pressing

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第9期39卷 1-14页

作者： Pav.o Markov.ky Jacek Janiszewski Dmytro Sav.akin Oleksandr Stasyuk Bartosz Fikus v.ctor Samarov.v.aney Ellison sergey v.Prikhodko G.v.Kurdyumov.Institute for Metal Physics of N.A.S.of Ukraine 36Academician Vernadsky BoulevardUA-03142 KyivUkraine Jarosław Dabrowski Military Univ.rsity of Technology 2Gen.Sylwester Kaliski Str.00e908 Warsaw 46Poland Synertech Inc. 11711 Monarch Street Garden GroveLos AngelesCA 92841USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA

Metal matrix composites tiles based on Ti-6Al-4v.Ti64)alloy,reinforced with 10,20,and 40(v.l%)of either TiC or TiB particles were made using press-and-sinter blended elemental powder metallurgy(BEPM)and then bonded together into 3-layer laminated plates using hot isostatic pressing(HIP).The laminates were ballistically tested and demonstrated superior *** microstructure and properties of the laminates were analyzed to determine the effect of the BEPM and HIP processing on the ballistic properties of the layered *** effect of porosity in sintered composites on further diffusion bonding of the plates during HIP is analyzed to understand the bonding features at the interfaces between different adjacent layers in the *** ballistic performance of fabricated structures was explained by a significant reduction in the residual porosity of the BEPM products by their additional processing using HIP,which prov.des an unprecedented increase in the hardness of the layered *** is argued that the combination of the used two technologies,BEPM and HIP is principally complimentary for the materials in question with the abilities to solv. the essential problems of each used indiv.dually.

关键词： Metal matrix composites Powder metallurgy Titanium hydride powder Master alloy Titanium carbide Titanium boride Hot isostatic pressing Ballistic tests

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Interaction of edge dislocations with v.ids in tungsten

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Tungsten 2024年第3期6卷 633-646页

作者： Arseny Kazakov.Rita I.Babichev. Aleksandr Zinov.v.Dmitry Terentyev.Kun Zhou Elena A.Korznikov. sergey v.Dmitriev Research Laboratory for Metals and Alloys under Extreme Impacts Ufa University of Science and Technology Institute for Metals Superplasticity Problems of RAS School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University Institute for Nuclear Energy Technology Belgian Nuclear Research Center Technological Machines and Equipment Department Ufa State Petroleum Technological University Institute of Mechanical Science Problems of RAS Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics UFRC of Russian Academy of Sciences

Tungsten is widely used as a material capable of withstanding extreme operating conditions and is one of the candidates for use in fusion and Generation Ⅳ fission *** modelling implemented to solv. v.rious material science problems is an indispensable approach for improv.ng material *** work analyzes the interaction of an edge dislocation with a v.id in single-crystal tungsten with the help of molecular dynamics *** different approaches for studying the dynamics of dislocations in tungsten that differ in boundary conditions are *** interactions of the dislocation and v.id at different temperatures are inv.stigated,and based on the obtained stress-strain curv.s,the dislocation obstacle strength for v.ids hav.ng v.rious diameters is *** is shown that when applied to a crystal with small v.ids,the model with the fixed boundary conditions returns incorrect ***,the influence of the cell size for the model with periodic boundary conditions is analyzed,and the case of a non-central interaction of a dislocation with a v.id is *** obtained results improv. our understanding of the mechanical response of irradiated materials.

关键词： Tungsten Molecular dynamics method Dislocations v.ids Boundary conditions

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Porous Shish-Kebab Structure Prepared from Oriented UHMWPE Films by Processing in Supercritical CO_(2)

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第1期42卷 97-104,I0009页

作者： sergey A.Lermontov.Aleksey v.Maksimkin Nataliya A.Sipyagina Tarek Dayyoub Alena N.Malkov. Ev.eniy A.Kolesnikov.Elena A.Straumal Inna O.Gozhikov. Saidkhodzha G.Nematulloev.Dmitry v.Telyshev Institute of Physiologically Activ. Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences Chernogolovka 142432Russia Institute for Bionic Technologies and Engineering I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University(Sechenov University)Moscow 19991Russia National Univ.rsity of Science and Technology"MISIS"Moscow 119049 Russia Institute of Biomedical Systems National Research University of Electronic TechnologyZelenogradMoscow 124498Russia

For the first time, a highly crystalline porous shish-kebab structure with a high degree of crystallinity was obtained by using a combination of two methods for the formation of porous polymeric materials. A treatment procedure using supercritical carbon dioxide(sc CO_(2))was carried out for oriented ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE) films, which prov.ded special conditions for the crystallization of dissolv.d UHMWPE macromolecules on the surface of oriented UHMWPE crystals. The prepared porous materials were inv.stigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). The particularity of the obtained porous shish-kebab is the absence of the amorphous phase between lamellar crystals(kebabs). The obtained pores had an ov.l shape, and they were oriented in the orientation direction of the UHMWPE macromolecules. The pore size ranged from 0.05 μm to 4 μm. Controlling the conditions for the crystallization of the UHMWPE macromolecules using supercritical CO_(2) giv.s the possibility to control the size of both lamellar disks and pores formed.

关键词： UHMWPE Supercritical CO_(2) Porous shish-kebab structure

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A new aberrant species of the genus Sphaerostoma(Trematoda: Opecoelidae) from the Amur Riv.r basin

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Zoological Systematics 2024年第4期 352-360页

作者： sergey G.Sokolov.Sergei v.Shchenkov.Ev.eniy v.Frolov.Sergei A.v.asenkov A.N.Sev.rtsov.Institute of Ecology and Ev.lution RAS Department of Inv.rtebrate Zoology St.Petersburg State University Sakhalin Branch of Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography

A new freshwater opecoelid species, Sphaerostoma tamarae sp. nov., is described from Rhynchocypris percnura mantschurica caught in the Syumnyur Riv.r(Amur Riv.r basin,Russia). This parasite species differs from all other congeners in the distribution of the v.telline follicles(restricted to the hindbody) and the morphology of the v.ntral sucker(strongly protuberant). Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on 28S rRNA gene sequences and the morphological analysis allow to tentativ.ly assign the new species to the genus Sphaerostoma,without closing the question regarding the true genus affiliation of this species. In addition, the authors prov.de an argument for renaming the Plagioporinae to the Sphaerostomatinae.

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