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Sustainable Development Opportunities Driven by Geotourism in the Republic of Bashkortostan (Toratau Geopark, Republic of Bashkortostan, the Russian Federation)

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Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management 2021年第5期9卷 269-274页

作者： sergey kapkov Anna Urnova Nataliia Lukashina Moscow Pedagogical State University MoscowRussia Moscow State University MoscowRussia

This article presents a proposal for the development of the Toratau Geopark in the Republic of Bashkortostan in the Russian *** proposal is based on the broad appeal of the geopark’s unique natural objects,including hills known as“shikhans”and the Usolka section(GSSP1),which has been cited as a new stratigraphic unit of global *** article describes the proposed approach to the spatial,infrastructural,and experiential development of the territory as a centre for *** article concludes that the proposed geopark model is beneficial for the development of the region’s local and indigenious communities,economy,and entrepreneurship.

关键词： geopark Toratau Republic of Bashkortostan UNESCO ecology tourism,geotourism local communities entrepreneurship

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Forces of RBC interaction with single endothelial cells in stationary conditions:Measurements with laser tweezers

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2021年第5期4卷 53-63页

作者： Arseniy A.kapkov Alexey N.Semenov Petr B.Ermolinskiy Andrei E.Lugovtsov Alexander V.Priezzhev Faculty of Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityLeninskie GoryMoscow 119991Russia Faculty of Biology Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityLeninskie GoryMoscow 119991Russia

Red blood cells(RBCs)are able to interact and communicate with endothelial cells(ECs).Under some pathological or even normal conditions,the adhesion of RBCs to the endothelium can be ***,the mechanisms and many aspects of the interaction between RBCs and ECs are not fully *** this work,we considered the interaction of single RBCs with single ECs in vitro aiming to quantitatively determine the force of this interaction using laser *** were performed under different concentrations of proaggregant macromolecules and in the presence or absence of tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α)activating the *** have shown that the strength of interaction depends on the concentration of fibrinogen or dextran proaggregant macromolecules in the environment.A nonlinear increase in the force of cells interaction(from 0.4 pN to 21 pN)was observed along with an increase in the fibrinogen con-centration(from 3 mg/mL to 9 mg/mL)in blood plasma,as well as with the addition of dextran macromolecules(from 10 mg/mL to 60 mg/mL).Dextran with a higher molecular mass(500 kDa)enhances the adhesion of RBCs to ECs greater compared to the dextran with a lower molecular mass(70 kDa).With the preliminary activation of ECs with TNF-α,the force of interaction ***,the adhesion of echinocytes to EC compared to discocytes is significantly *** results may help to better understand the process of interaction between RBCs and ECs.

关键词： Endothelial cells red blood cells laser tweezers adhesion

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