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Woody plant taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity decrease along elevational gradients in Andean tropical montane forests:Environmental filtering and arrival of temperate taxa

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Plant Diversity 2024年第4期46卷 491-501页

作者： Guillermo Bañares-de-Dios Manuel J.Macía Gabriel Arellano Íñigo Granzow-de la Cerda Julia Vega-álvarez itziar Arnelas Carlos i.Espinosa Norma Salinas Luis Cayuela Departamento de Biología y Geología Física y Química InorgánicaUniversidad Rey Juan CarlosCalle Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadridES-28933Spain Departamento de Biología Área de BotánicaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridCalle Darwin 2MadridES-28049Spain Centro de investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CiBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridCalle Darwin 2MadridES-28049Spain Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Oikobit LLC ***AlbuquerqueNM87120USA Real Jardín Botánico–CSiC Plaza Murillo 2MadridES-28014Spain Departamento de Biología Animal EcologíaParasitologíaEdafología y Química AgrícolaUniversidad de SalamancaCalle Donantes de Sangre s/nSalamancaES-37007Spain Departamento de Biodiversidad Ecología y EvoluciónUniversidad Complutense de MadridCalle JoséAntonio Nováis 12Ciudad UniversitariaES-28040Spain Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias Universidad Técnica Particular de LojaA.P.11-01-608 LojaEcuador Sección Química Pontificia Universidad Católica del PerúA.P.Lima 32LimaPeru ECi School of Geography and EnvironmentUniversity of OxfordOX13QYOxfordshireUnited Kingdom instituto de investigación en Cambio Global(iiCG-URJC) Universidad Rey Juan CarlosCalle Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadridES-28933Spain

Mountains are paramount for exploring biodiversity patterns due to the mosaic of topographies and climates encompassed over short *** research has traditionally focused on taxonomic diversity when investigating changes along elevational gradients,but other facets should be *** first time,we simultaneously assessed elevational trends in taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity of woody plants in Andean tropical montane forests and explored their underlying ecological and evolutionary *** investigation covered four transects(traversing ca.2200 m a.s.l.) encompassing 114 plots of 0.1 ha across a broad latitudinal range(ca.10°).Using Hill numbers to quantify abundance-based diversity among 37,869 individuals we observed a consistent decrease in taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity as elevation increased,although the decrease was less pronounced for higher Hill *** exception was a slight increase in phylogenetic diversity when dominant species were *** decrease in taxonomic and functional diversity might be attributed to an environmental filtering process towards highlands,where the increasingly harsher conditions exclude species and functional ***,the differences in steepness decrease between Hill orders suggest that rare species disproportionately contribute to functional *** phylogenetic diversity the shifting elevational trend between Hill orders indicates a greater than previously considered influence in central Andean highlands of tropical lowlands originated species with strong niche conservatism relative to distantly related temperate *** could be explained by a decreasing presence and abundance of temperate,extratropical taxa towards the central Andes relative to northern or southern Andes,where they are more prevalent.

关键词： Altitudinal gradients Andes Environmentalﬁltering Out of the Tropical Lowlands Functional rarity Tropical Niche Conservatism

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Antiplasmodial mechanism of Lawsonia inermis: An in silico based investigation

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infectious Diseases Research 2024年第1期5卷 8-26页

作者： Ridwan Abiodun Salaam Funmilayo i.D.Afolayan Department of Zoology University of IbadanIbadan 200005Nigeria.

Background:Lawsonia inermis has been widely reported to be used as an herbal treatment for ***,despite several experimental studies about its antimalarial activities,the approach through which the herbal plant suppresses plasmodium infection is yet to be ***,this study uses computational approaches to understand the biological targets and pathways involved in the antiplasmodial activities of Lawsonia inermis ***:The Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry technique identified the phytocompounds present in the herbal ***,OMiM,and NCBi databases were explored to collate target proteins for further network pharmacology *** phytocompounds were subjected to Absorption,Distribution,Metabolism,Excretion and Toxicity(ADMET)and druglikeness *** STRiNG algorithm and Cytoscape were employed to develop and analyze the relationships among target proteins and compounds/targets/pathways network of the putative targets of the *** computational analysis was carried out to identify potential drug ***:Based on the Network Pharmacology studies,phytocompounds in Lawsonia inermis exhibit antiplasmodial activity by interacting with therapeutic genes that play essential roles in metabolism and signaling *** among the genes are MMP9,MAPK1,HMOX1 and ***,the most influenced pathways include the metabolic pathway,Pi3K-Akt signaling pathway,and HiF-1 signaling *** analysis,molecular docking analysis,and molecular dynamics simulation revealed that 3-phenyl-2-isoxazoline and 2-Dimethylamino-3’-methoxyacetophenone are recommendable drug leads for Malaria treatment as they form stable and favorable complexes with Matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP9)***:The 3-phenyl-2-isoxazoline and 2-Dimethylamino-3’-methoxyacetophenone phytocompounds from Lawsonia inermis herbal plant are predicted as antimalarial drug candidates and recommended for further wet-lab studies.

关键词： Lawsonia inermis computational studies plasmodium falciparum network pharmacology molecular dynamic

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Polio eradication surveillance in Sri Lanka,2019-2023

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第6期17卷 268-272页

作者： M.A.Y.Fernando N.S.Madarasinghe C.Rangana N.Weerasinghe D.C.U.D.Weligamage J.i.Abeynayake Department of Medical Microbiology and immunology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ColomboSri Lanka Department of Virology Medical Research InstituteColombo 08Sri Lanka Medical Research institute Colombo 08Sri Lanka

Objective:To evaluate the polio laboratory surveillance carried out from January,2019 to May,2023 by the Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri ***:This retrospective study analyzed all stool samples received under the acute flaccid paralysis(AFP)and immunodeficient vaccine-derived poliovirus(VDPV)surveillance at Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri Lanka from January,2019 to May,*** results of the testing methodologies were extracted from the laboratory data system,i.e.,poliovirus virus isolation,intra-typic differentiation/VDPV real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(iTD/VDPV rRTPCR)and sequencing,along with the data on timing of reporting results,stool adequacy and *** was analyzed using descriptive ***:A total of 2141 stool samples from 1644 cases were received for AFP surveillance from Sri Lanka(93.61%),Maldives(1.52%),and immunodeficient VDPV(4.86%)*** polioviruses(19/1644,1.15%)and non-polio enteroviruses(73/1644,4.44%)were isolated,while Sabin-like 3 virus was detected in majority(12/19,63.15%)among the poliovirus *** polioviruses or circulating VDPVs were not detected among the *** all years of the study,the non-polio AFP detection rate was>1/100000 in children aged less than 15 years,whereas stool adequacy rate was>80%.All results were reported within 14 days of receipt,ensuring timely reporting as per global ***:The Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri Lanka plays a vital role in maintaining the polio-free status in the country through its robust laboratory surveillance,while adhering to the surveillance ***-detection of wild polioviruses and circulating VDPV during the study period reinforces the polio-free status in the country.

关键词： Poliovirus Polio laboratory surveillance Regional reference laboratory Polio eradication

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DFT Studies of Electronic Properties and Effect of He and Xe incorporation in Selected Ceramics

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Journal of Modern Physics 2024年第10期15卷 1485-1501页

作者： Barbara Szpunar Jayangani i. Ranasinghe Jerzy A. Szpunar Department of Physics and Engineering Physics University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Canada Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Canada

The electronic properties of several prospective nuclear fuels are not yet well known. We used Quantum Espresso and EPW codes to evaluate the electron density of states, the electronic heat capacity coefficient, the electron-phonon coupling strength, the number of mobility electrons, and the electronic heat conductivity. The electronic properties for ThN, ThC and UN using a slightly different approach that were previously evaluated are discussed and the results are compared. We confirmed that while the electronic heat capacity coefficient is linearly dependent on the electron density of states at Fermi energy, such a simple relation could not be used to determine the difference in the electronic heat conductivity of investigated materials. The highest heat conductivity was registered in ThN. These metallic fuels also have high U/Th density, therefore are more economical since enrichment is expensive. Furthermore, it is important to examine swelling in these high-density fuels. We evaluated that UN had 42% more U atoms per unit volume than UO2 and a 55% higher volume increase when accommodating one Xe atom in one interstitial of a (2 × 2 × 2) supercell. However, for He, the volume increase was 27% lower in UN. interestingly, even though the Th atom’s density in ThN and ThC was lower than that of U atoms in the UN compound, a similar trend of volume changes was found. We concluded, therefore, that when we consider swelling, the local structural symmetry (tetrahedral versus octahedral sites) is more important than the density of atoms. The 37 % greater of absolute value of the total energy increase due to incorporation of Xe in ThC versus ThN cannot be explained by the crystal structure since a ThC-Xe supercell has a higher lattice constant than a ThN-Xe corresponding supercell. Such results can only be explained by investigating electronic structure.

关键词： UN ThN ThC Thermal Conductivity Defects

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Filterless narrowband photodetectors enabled by controllable band modulation through ion migration: The case of halide perovskites

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infoMat 2024年第1期6卷 123-138页

作者： Yu Li Shanshan Yu Junjie Yang Kai Zhang Mingyu Hu Weitao Qiu Fumin Guo Wei Qian Sean Reinecke Tao Chen Makhsud i.Saidaminov Jian Wang Shihe Yang Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Nano-Micro Materials Research School of Chemical Biology and BiotechnologyShenzhen Graduate SchoolPeking UniversityShenzhenGuangdongthe People's Republic of China Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Institute of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhenGuangdongthe People's Republic of China School of Advanced Materials Shenzhen Graduate SchoolPeking UniversityShenzhenGuangdongthe People's Republic of China Department of Chemistry The University of Hong KongHong Kong SARthe People's Republic of China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy ConversionDepartment of Materials Science and EngineeringSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhuithe People's Republic of China College of Materials and Energy South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongthe People's Republic of China Department of Chemistry University of VictoriaVictoriaBritish ColumbiaCanada

Narrowband photodetectors conventionally rely on optical structure design orbandpass filters to achieve the narrowband regime. Recently, a strategy forfilterless narrowband photoresponse based on the charge collection narrowing(CCN) mechanism was reported. However, the CCN strategy requires an electrically and optically “thick” photoactive layer, which poses challenges in controlling the narrowband photoresponse. Here we propose a novel strategy forconstructing narrowband photodetectors by leveraging the inherent ion migration in perovskites, which we term “band modulation narrowing” (BMN). Bymanipulating the ion migration with external stimuli such as illumination,temperature, and bias voltage, we can regulate in situ the energy-band structure of perovskite photodetectors (PPDs) and hence their spectral *** the Fermi energy levels obtained by the Kelvin probe force microscopy, the internal potential profiles from solar cell capacitance simulator simulation, and the anion accumulation revealed by the transient ion-drifttechnique, we discover two critical mechanisms behind our BMN strategy: theextension of an optically active but electronically dead region proximal to the top electrode and the down-bending energy bands near the electron transportlayer. Our findings offer a case for harnessing the often-annoying ionmigration for developing advanced narrowband PPDs.

关键词： band structure ion migration narrowband detection perovskite spatial distribution of charge carriers

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Metabolic collaboration between cells in the tumor microenvironment has a negligible effect on tumor growth

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The innovation 2024年第2期5卷 107-114页

作者： Johan Gustafsson Fariba Roshanzamir Anders Hagnestål Sagar M.Patel Oseeyi i.Daudu Donald F.Becker Jonathan L.Robinson Jens Nielsen Department of Life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologySE-41296 GothenburgSweden Hagnesia AB SE-43854 HindåsSweden Department of Biochemistry and Redox Biology Center University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA Bioinnovation institute DK2200 CopenhagenDenmark

The tumor microenvironment is composed of a complex mixture of different cell types interacting under conditions of nutrient deprivation,but the metabolism therein is not fully understood due to difficulties in measuring metabolic fluxes and exchange of metabolites between different cell types in ***-scale metabolic modeling enables estimation of such exchange fluxes as well as an opportunity to gain insight into the metabolic behavior of individual cell ***,we estimated the availability of nutrients and oxygen within the tumor microenvironment using concentration measurements from blood together with a metabolite diffusion *** addition,we developed an approach to efficiently apply enzyme usage constraints in a comprehensive metabolic model of human *** combined modeling reproduced severe hypoxic conditions and the Warburg effect,and we found that limitations in enzymatic capacity contribute to cancer cells’preferential use of glutamine as a substrate to the citric acid ***,we investigated the common hypothesis that some stromal cells are exploited by cancer cells to produce metabolites useful for the cancer *** identified over 200 potential metabolites that could support collaboration between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts,but when limiting to metabolites previously identified to participate in such collaboration,no growth advantage was *** work highlights the importance of enzymatic capacity limitations for cell behaviors and exemplifies the utility of enzyme-constrained models for accurate prediction of metabolism in cells and tumor microenvironments.

关键词： metabolism effect limitations

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Outcomes of long-acting injectable antipsychotics use in pregnancy:A literature review

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第4期14卷 582-599页

作者： Ana V Pejčić Srdjan M Stefanović MilošN Milosavljević Vladimir S Janjić Marko M Folić Nevena D Folić Jovana Z Milosavljević Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Department of Clinical Pharmacology University Clinical Center KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Department of Psychiatry Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Clinic for Psychiatry University Clinical Center KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Center for Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Research Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Pediatric Clinic University Clinical Center KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of KragujevacKragujevac 34000Serbia

BACKGROUND Women with a history of serious psychotic disorders are at increased risk of disease relapse during ***-acting injectable(LAi)antipsychotics have been widely used to improve adherence and prevent relapse in patients with various severe psychotic disorders,but there is a lack of high-quality data from previous research on the safety of LAi antipsychotics during *** To summarize relevant data on maternal,pregnancy,neonatal,and developmental outcomes from published cases of LAi antipsychotic use in *** A literature search was performed through November 11,2023,using three online databases:PubMed/MEDLiNE,Scopus,and Web of *** reports or case series that reported information about the outcomes of pregnancy in women who used LAi antipsychotics at any point in pregnancy,with available full texts,were *** statistics,narrative summation,and tabulation of the extracted data were *** A total of 19 publications satisfied the inclusion criteria:3 case series,15 case reports,and 1 conference *** reported the outcomes of LAi antipsychotic use in 74 women and 77 *** use of secondgeneration LAi antipsychotics was reported in the majority(n=47;61.0%)of ***-generation LAi antipsychotics were administered during 30 pregnancies(39.0%).Most of the women(approximately 64%)had either satisfactory control of symptoms or no information about relapse,while approximately 12%of them had developed gestational diabetes mellitus.A minority of cases reported adverse outcomes such as stillbirth,spontaneous abortion,preterm birth,low birth weight,congenital anomalies,and neurological manifestations in ***,there were no reports of negative long-term developmental *** Currently available data seem reassuring,but further well-designed studies are required to properly evaluate the risks and benefits of LAi antipsychotic use during pregnancy.

关键词： Antipsychotic agents Long-acting injectable Pregnancy Outcome Review

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Biological characteristics and clinical management of uveal and conjunctival melanoma

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Oncology Research 2024年第8期32卷 1265-1285页

作者： SNJEŽANA KAŠTELAN ANA DiDOViĆPAViČiĆ DARiA PAŠALiĆ TAMARA NiKUŠEVA-MARTiĆ SAMiRČANOViĆ PETRA KOVAČEViĆ SUZANA KONJEVODA School of Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb10000Croatia Department of Ophthalmology Clinical Hospital DubravaZagreb10000Croatia Department of Ophthalmology Zadar General HospitalZadar23000Croatia Department of Medical Chemistry Biochemistry and Clinical ChemistrySchool of MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb10000Croatia Department of Biology and Genetics School of MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb10000Croatia School of Medicine University of SplitSplit21000Croatia Department of Health Studies University of ZadarZadar23000Croatia

Uveal and conjunctival melanomas are relatively rare tumors;nonetheless,they pose a signiﬁcant risk of mortality for a large number of affected *** pathogenesis of melanoma at different sites is very similar,however,the prognosis for patients with ocular melanoma remains unfavourable,primarily due to its distinctive genetic proﬁle and tumor *** of considerable advances in understanding the genetic characteristics and biological behaviour,the treatment of uveal and conjunctival melanoma remains a formidable *** enhance the prospect of success,collaborative efforts involving medical professionals and researchers in theﬁelds of ocular biology and oncology are *** data show a lack of well-designed randomized clinical trials and limited beneﬁts in current forms of treatment for these *** advancements in the development of effective melanoma therapeutic strategies,all current treatments for uveal melanoma(UM)and conjunctival melanoma(CoM)remain unsatisfactory,resulting in a poor long-term *** trials offer hope for positive outcomes in advanced and metastatic tumors.A more comprehensive understanding of the genetic and molecular abnormalities involved in the development and progression of ocular melanomas opens the way for the development of personalized therapy,with various potential therapeutic targets currently under *** comprehension of the molecular pathogenesis of UM and CoM and their speciﬁcities may aid in the development of new and more effective systemic therapeutic agents,with the hope of improving the prognosis for patients with metastatic disease.

关键词： Uveal melanoma Conjunctival melanoma Genetic characteristics immune checkpoint inhibitors Target molecular inhibitors

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Old-growth mixed dipterocarp forests show variable losses and gains in aboveground biomass and standing carbon over forty years

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 14-23页

作者： Sisira Ediriweera Champika Bandara Tithira Lakkana Shanika Jayasinghe David Woodbury Arun Dayanandan B.M.P.Singhakumara Xiangcheng Mi i.A.U.N.Gunatilleke C.V.S.Gunatilleke Mark SAshton Department of Science and Technology Uva Wellassa UniversityBadullaSri Lanka The Forest School Yale School of the EnvironmentYale UniversityNew HavenCT06511USA Department of Forestry and Environmental Science University of Sri JayewardenepuraNugegodaSri Lanka State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China Botany Department University of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka

Background:No studies have documented long-term trends in aboveground biomass(AGB)for mixed-dipterocarp forests(MDF),the dominant rain forest type in tropical wet equatorial *** our study,we sought to document such trends over forty years across three sites representing lowland to lower montane ***:To do this,we established fifty 100 m×25 m plots in 1978 across three sites sampled along an elevation gradient,identified as mature old-growth *** measured trees for diameter at breast height that we identified to species and *** took wood samples to calculate species wood-specific *** re-measured plots in 1998 and again in ***:We show standing AGB for all sites combined to be 517.52 Mg·ha^(-1)in 1978,but this declined by 17%over 40 years to 430.11 Mg·ha^(-1).No differences exist among sites in AGB primarily because of considerable within site variation;but interactions of time with site show declines across sites were not uniform,one remained about the *** few species represented a high proportion of the AGB with the top five species comprising between 34%and 65%,depending upon site and year *** species,Mesua nagassarium,represented a disproportionately large amount of AGB and decline over time,particularly at the low elevation ***:Our results are directly relevant to estimating AGB and standing carbon sequestered in *** study is the first to demonstrate varying but overall,declining trends in amounts of AGB among forests making predictions of biomass and standing carbon in MDF difficult over wide regions.

关键词： Western ghats Shorea spp. Southeast Asia Sri Lanka Tropical rain forest Wood specific gravity

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A highly sensitive electrochemical sensing platform based on Zn-CuGaO@CMK-3 signal amplification for simultaneous detection of the sunset yellow and tartrazine in foods

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Yongfeng Chen Rui Gao Yufeng Sun Ruiqiang Wang Geoffrey i.N.Waterhouse Xuguang Qiao Zhixiang Xu College of Food Science and Engineering， Shandong Agricultural University Shandong Cayon Testing Co.， LTD. School of Chemical Sciences， The University of Auckland

in this work， a highly sensitive electrochemical sensor based on Zn-doped copper gallium oxide@ordered mesoporous carbon (Zn-CuGaO2@CMK-3) for signal amplification was successfully developed for the simultaneous detection of sunset yellow （SY） and tartrazine （TZ） in foods. Compared with CuGaO2@CMK-3， Zn-CuGaO2@CMK-3 offered enhanced conductivity and catalytic properties owing to the improved carrier density， which was beneficial to the electrooxidation of SY and TZ. Under the optimal testing conditions， the constructed Zn-CuGaO2@CMK-3/GCE sensor offered a wide linear concentration range （0.25 to 100.00 μmol/L） for the detection of both SY and TZ. The limits of detection for SY and TZ were 0.044 μmol/L and 0.059 μmol/L， respectively. Recovery experiments were performed in milk， white vinegar and biscuit samples， yielding satisfactory recoveries （82.70%-114.80%）. Furthermore， the sensor was successfully applied to the determination of the SY and TZ residues in two kinds of carbonated drinks， and the results were nearly consistent with those detected by the high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） method （P＞0.05）.

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