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Hypothyroidism affects astrocyte and microglial morphology in type 2 diabetes

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第26期8卷 2458-2467页

作者： Sung Min Nam Yo Na Kim Dae Young Yoo Sun Shin Yi jung Hoon Choi In Koo hwang Je Kyung seong Yeo Sung Yoon Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology College of Veterinary Medicine Research Institute for Veterinary Science Seoul National University Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science College of Biomedical Sciences Soonchunhyang University Department of Anatomy College of Veterinary Medicine Kangwon National University

In the present study, we investigated the effects of hypothyroidism on the morphology of astrocytes and microglia in the hippocampus of Zucker diabetic fatty rats and Zucker lean control rats. To induce hypothyroidism, Zucker lean control and Zucker diabetic fatty rats at 7 weeks of age orally received the vehicle or methimazole, an anti-thyroid drug, treatment for 5 weeks and were sacrificed at 12 weeks of age in all groups for blood chemistry and immunohistochemical staining. In the me- thimazole-treated Zucker lean control and Zucker diabetic fatty rats, the serum circulating triiodo- thyronine （T3） and thyroxine （＇I＂4） levels were significantly decreased compared to levels observed in the vehicle-treated Zucker lean control or Zucker diabetic fatty rats. This reduction was more prominent in the methimazole-treated Zucker diabetic fatty group. Glial fibrillary acidic protein im- munoreactive astrocytes and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 （Iba-1）-immunoreactive microglia in the Zucker lean control and Zucker diabetic fatty group were diffusely detected in the hippocampal CA1 region and dentate gyrus. There were no significant differences in the glial fibril- lary acidic protein and Iba-1 immunoreactivity in the CA1 region and dentate gyrus between Zucker lean control and Zucker diabetic fatty groups. However, in the methimazole-treated Zucker lean control and Zucker diabetic fatty groups, the processes of glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreac- tive astrocytes and Iba-1 immunoreactive microglia, were significantly decreased in both the CA1 region and dentate gyrus compared to that in the vehicle-treated Zucker lean control and Zucker diabetic fatty groups. These results suggest that diabetes has no effect on the morphology of as- trocytes and microglia and that hypothyroidism during the onset of diabetes prominently reduces the processes of astrocytes and microglia.

关键词： neural regeneration astrocytes microglia diabetes hypothyroidism complications thyroid hormone obesity methimazole Zucker diabetic fatty rat grants-supported paper neuroregeneration

Effect of serum testosterone and percent tumor volume on extra-prostatic extension and biochemical recurrence after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第1期18卷 54-59页

作者： Eu Chang hwang seong Hyeon Yu Yang Hyun Jo Seung I1 jung Taek Won Kang Dong Deuk Kwon Chan Choi Suk Hee Heo jun Eul hwang Sung-Hoon jung Tae-Young jung Department of Urology Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju Republic of Korea Department of Pathology Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju Republic of Korea Department of Radiology Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju Republic of Korea Department of Hemato-oncology Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju Republic of Korea Department of Neurosurgery Chonnam National University Medical Schoo Gwangju Republic of Korea

Several studies have revealed that the preoperative serum testosterone and percent tumor volume （PTV） predict extra-prostatic extension （EPE） and biochemical recurrence （BCR） after radical prostatectomy. This study investigated the prognostic significance of serum testosterone and PTV in relation to EPE and BCR after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy （LRP）. We reviewed 520 patients who underwent LRP between 2004 and 2012. PTV was determined as the sum of all visually estimated tumor foci in every section. BCR was defined as two consecutive increases in the postoperative prostate-specific antigen （PSA）〉0.2 ng ml^-1. The threshold for serum total testosterone was 3.0 ng ml^-1, Multivariate logistic regression was used to define the effect of variables on the risk of EPE and BCR. A low serum testosterone （〈3.0 ng ml^-1） was associated with a high serum PSA, Gleason score, positive core percentage of the prostate biopsy, PTV, and all pathological variables. On multivariate analysis, similar to previous studies, the serum PSA, biopsy positive core percentage, Gleason score, and pathological variables predicted EPE and BCR. In addition, low serum testosterone （〈3.0 ng ml^-1, adjusted OR, 8.52; 95% CI, 5.04-14.4, P = 0.001） predicted EPE and PTV （adjusted OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.05, P = 0.046） predicted BCR. In addition to previous predictors of EPE and BCR, low serum testosterone and PTV are valuable predictors of EPE and BCR after LRP.

关键词： biochemical recurrence extra-prostatic extension prostate neoplasms prostatectomy testosterone tumor burden

Increased type III interferons and NK cell functions in SARS-CoV-2-infected children

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第3期8卷 888-890页

作者： seong Dong Jeong Hoyoung Lee ju Young Chang seong Yong Lee Ji Eun Choi Eunmi Yang Hye Won Jeong Jae-Phil Choi Mi Seon Han Eui-Cheol Shin The Center for Viral Immunology Korea Virus Research InstituteInstitute for Basic Science(IBS)Daejeon 34126Republic of Korea Department of Pediatrics Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center and Seoul National University of College of MedicineSeoul 07061Republic of Korea Division of infectious diseases Seoul Medical CenterSeoul 02053Republic of Korea Department of Internal Medicine Chungbuk National University College of MedicineCheongju 28644Republic of Korea Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea

Dear Editor,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection is more likely to progress to severe disease in the elderly,and the rates of hospitalization for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)increase with age.1,2 Herein,we comprehensively compared adaptive and innate immune responses between children and adults infected with SARS-CoV-2.

关键词： infected acute respiratory

Thick free-standing electrode based on carbon-carbon nitride microspheres with large mesopores for high-energy-density lithium-sulfur batteries

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Carbon Energy 2021年第3期3卷 410-423页

作者： Hui-ju Kang Tae-Gyu Lee Heejin Kim Jae-Woo Park Hyun Jin hwang Hyeonseok hwang Kwang-Suk Jang Hae Jin Kim Yun Suk Huh Won Bin Im Young-Si jun Department of Advanced Chemicals&Engineering Chonnam National UniversityBuk-guGwangjuRepublic of Korea Division of Analytical Science Korea Basic Science Institute(KBSI)Yuseong-guDaejeonRepublic of Korea School of Chemical Engineering Chonnam National UniversityBuk-guGwangjuRepublic of Korea Department of Applied Chemistry Hanyang UniversityAnsanGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea Department of Biological Engineering Inha UniversityNam-guIncheonRepublic of Korea Division of Materials Science and Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeongdong-guSeoulRepublic of Korea

The development of sulfur cathodes with high areal capacity and high energy density is crucial for the practical application of lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs).LSBs can be built by employing(ultra)high-loading sulfur cathodes,which have rarely been realized due to massive passivation and ***,microspheres of a carbon-carbon nitride composite(C@CN)with large mesopores are fabricated via molecular cooperative *** the C@CN-based electrodes,the effects of the large mesopores and N-functional groups on the electrochemical behavior of sulfur in LSB cells are thoroughly investigated under ultrahigh sulfur-loading conditions(>15 mgS cm^(-2)).Furthermore,for high-energy-density LSBs,the C@CN powders are pelletized into a thick free-standing electrode(thickness:500^m;diameter:11 mm)via a simple briquette process;here,the total amount of energy stored by the LSB cells is 39 mWh,corresponding to a volumetric energy density of 440 Wh L-1 with an areal capacity of 24.9 and 17.5 mAh cm^(-2) at 0.47 and 4.7 mA cm^(-2),respectively(at 24mgS cm^(-2)).These results have significantly surpassed most recent records due to the synergy among the large mesopores,(poly)sulfide-philic surfaces,and thick *** developed strategy with its potential for scale-up successfully fills the gap between laboratory-scale cells and practical cells without sacrificing the high areal capacity and high energy density,providing a solid foundation for the development of practical LSBs.

关键词： briquette process carbon nitride free-standing electrode high energy density lithium-sulfur batteries mesopores

Does Environmental Risk Affect Human Migration Behavior?

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2017年第4期9卷 493-504页

作者： seong Nam hwang Sang-Woo Lee Environmental Science Program Department of Biology Southeast Missouri State University Cape Girardeau USA Department of Forestry and Landscape Architecture Konkuk University Seoul Korea

This study tests the influence of environmental risks associated with floods, hurricanes, and hazardous material releases on human migration behavior. With close attention to a function of environmental risk factors, socio-demographic attributes, hazard risk and locational attributes were measured and correlated to the standardized number of recent arrivals and long term residents at the census tract level. Two groups (i.e., recent arrivals and long-term residents) were created to compare their moving behavior. The results indicate that flood risk showed little relationship to either recent arrivals or long-term residents. These results are consistent with past research which suggests that people tend to ignore their vulnerability to natural hazards. However, both groups had negative relationships to the risk from hurricanes and hazardous material releases. This counter-intuitive result suggests that other factors, such as proximity to employment opportunities or property tax advantages, need to be examined. In particular, the recent arrivals were negatively related to chemical risk while long-term residents were positively related to chemical risks, indicating that people that just arrived and old residents are somewhat different in perceiving environmental risks. In addition, the results of this study suggest that people are objective about environmental risks in selecting their habitat. However, once the habitat is settled, people’s perception of the risks may be interfered or reduced by other factors.

关键词： GIS Environmental Hazards Emergency Management Moving Behavior Environmental Risk

Role of rice cytosolic hexokinase OsHXK7 in sugar signaling and metabolism

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第2期58卷 127-135页

作者： Hyun-Bi Kim jung-Il Cho Nayeon Ryoo Dong-Ho Shin Youn-Il Park Yong-Sic hwang Sang-Kyu Lee Gynheung An Jong-seong Jeon Crop Biotech Institute & Graduate School of Biotechnology Kyung Hee University National Academy of Agricultural Science Rural Development Administration Center for Neuroscience Korea Institute of Science and Technology Department of Biology Chungnam National University Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology Konkuk University

We characterized the function of the rice cytosolic hexokinase OsHXK7 （Qryza sativa HexokindseZ）, which is highly upregulated when seeds germinate under O2- deficient conditions. According to transient expression assays that used the promoter：luciferase fusion construct, OsHXK7 enhanced the glucose （Glc）-dependent repression of a rice n-amylase gene （RAmy3D） in the mesophyll protoplasts of maize, but its catalytically inactive mutant alleles did not. Consistently, the expression of OsHXK7, but not its catalytically inactive alleles, complemented the Arabidopsis glucose insensitive2-1 （gin2-1） mutant, thereby resulting in the wild type characteristics of Glc-dependent repression, seedling development, and plant growth. Interestingly, OsHXK7-mediated Glc-dependent repression was abolished in the O2-deficient mesophyll protoplasts of maize. This result provides compelling evidence that OsHXK7 functions in sugar signaling via a glycolysis-dependent manner under normal conditions, but its signaling role is suppressed when O2 is deficient. The germination of two null OsHXK7 mutants, oshxk7-1 and oshxk7-2, was affected by O2 deficiency, but overexpression enhanced germination in rice. This result suggests the distinct role that OsHXK7 plays in sugar metabolism and efficient germination by enforcing glycolysis-mediated fermentation in O2-deficient rice.

关键词： Germination metabolism OsHXK7 O2 deficiency rice signaling sugar

Colonoscopy evaluation after short-term anti-tuberculosis treatment in nonspecific ulcers on the ileocecal area

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第32期14卷 5051-5058页

作者： Young Sook Park Dae Won jun seong Hwan Kim Han Hyo Lee Yun ju Jo Moon Hee Song Nam In Kim jun Seok Lee Department of Internal Medicine Eulji University School of Medicine Eulji Medical Center

AIM: To evaluate the eff icacy of colonoscopy follow-up after short-term anti-tuberculosis treatment in patients with nonspecific ulcers on ileocecal areas being suspicious of tuberculous colitis. METHODS: We prospectively analyzed the colonoscopic fi ndings before and after short term anti- tuberculosis treatment in 18 patients with nonspecifi c ulcers on the ileocecal area and compared them with 7 patients of confi rmed tuberculous colitis by acid-fast bacilli or caseating granuloma on colonic biopsy. RESULTS: Mean duration for short-term follow- up was 107.3 d with combined chemotherapy containing isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and pyrazinamide. Seven patients with tuberculous colitis showed complete healing of active ulcers after short- term medication. After short-term anti-tuberculosis treatment, follow-up colonoscopy findings devided 18 patients with nonspecific ulcers into two groups by ulcer state. One is the "suspicious tuberculous colitis group" showing healing of ulcers and erosions and another is the "suspicious inflammatory bowel disease group" showing active ulcers with or without aggravation of the lesion. Finally, all 9 of the "suspicious tuberculous colitis group" were diagnosed as tuberculous colitis showing no recurrence of ulcers after termination of 9 mo of anti-tuberculosis medication. Patients of the "suspicious inflammatorybowel disease group" were f inally diagnosed as Crohn's disease or nonspecifi c colonic ulcers during long-term follow up. CONCLUSION: Follow-up colonoscopy shows a healing stage ulcer or scarring change without an active ulcer with just 2 mo to 3 mo of medication in patients with tuberculous colitis. Colonoscopy follow-up after short term anti-tuberculosis trial in patients with nonspecif ic ulcers on the ileocecal area is valuable in making early differential diagnosis of tuberculous colitis.

关键词： Colonoscopy Short-term Anti-tuberculosis medication Tuberculous colitis Ileocecal ulcer

Suppressed estrogen supply via extra-ovarian progesterone receptor membrane component 1 in menopause

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2021年第3期35卷 228-237页

作者： Sang RLee Hyun Yang seong Lae Jo Young Ho Lee Hye Won Lee Bae-keun Park Eui-ju Hong College of Veterinary Medicine Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea KM Convergence Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental MedicineDaejeon 34054Republic of Korea

In post-menopausal women,intra-mammary estrogen,which is converted from extra-ovarian estrone(E1),promotes the growth of breast *** the aromatase inhibitor letrozole does not suppress 17β-estradiol(E2)production from E1,high intra-mammary E1 concentrations impair letrozole's therapeutic *** receptor membrane component 1(Pgrmc1)is a non-classical progesterone receptor associated with breast cancer *** the present study,we introduced a Pgrmc1 heterozygous knockout(hetero KO)murine model exhibiting low Pgrmc1 expression,and observed estrogen levels and steroidogenic gene ***ïve Pgrmc1 hetero KO mice exhibited low estrogen(E2 and E1)levels and low progesterone receptor(PR)expression,compared to wild-type *** contrast,Pgrmc1 hetero KO mice that have been ovariectomized(OVX),including letrozole-treated OVX mice(OVX-letrozole),exhibited high estrogen levels and PR *** extra-ovarian estrogen production in Pgrmc1 hetero KO mice was observed with the induction of steroid sulfatase(STS).In MCF-7 cell,letrozole suppressed PR expression,but PGRMC1 knockdown increased PR and STS *** presented results highlight the important role of Pgrmc1 in modulating estrogen production when ovary-derived estrogen is limited,thereby suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for letrozole resistance.

关键词： extra-ovarian Pgrmc1 steroid sulfatase estrogen letrozole

In situ total strain measurements revealing the strain mechanism of Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)ePbTiO_(3) single crystals

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Journal of Materiomics 2021年第4期7卷 693-698页

作者： hwang-Pill Kim Geon-ju Lee Jae-Hyeon Cho Woo-Seok Kang Sang-Goo Lee Ho-Yong Lee Wook Jo School of Materials Science and Engineering&Jülich-UNIST Joint Leading Institute for Advanced Energy Research Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan44919Republic of Korea IBULe Photonics Inc.7-39Songdo-dongYeonsu-guIncheon21999Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Sun Moon UniversityAsan31460Republic of Korea

The strain behavior of 0.71 Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)ePbTiO_(3)(PMN-PT)single crystal prepared by a solidstate single crystal growth method was investigated on two most widely used orientations,i.e.,(001)-and(011)-oriented.A special emphasis was put on the correlation among longitudinal and transverse strains and the consequent volume *** show that seemingly different strain behavior of(001)-and(011)-oriented crystals has the same origin,and the underlying mechanism excludes possible contribution from the frequently cited polarization *** situ monitoring of electric field induced Poisson’s ratio further suggested that the polarization vectors contributing to the strain properties in PMN-PT are not confined to a unique direction forced by the crystallographic symmetry but possess a span of angular range.

关键词： Piezoelectricity Single crystal PMN-PT Radial strain Poisson’s ratio