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Comprehensive applicability evaluation of four precipitation products at multiple spatiotemporal scales in Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第9期16卷 1232-1254页

作者： WANG Xiangyu XU min kang Shichang LI Xuemei HAN Haidong LI Xingdong School of Mathematics Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Faculty of Geomatics Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China

Precipitation plays a crucial role in the water cycle of Northwest *** accurate precipitation data is crucial for regional water resource management,hydrological forecasting,flood control and drought ***,the applicability of multi-source precipitation products for long time series in Northwest China has not been thoroughly *** this study,precipitation data from 183 meteorological stations in Northwest China from 1979 to 2020 were selected to assess the regional applicability of four precipitation products(the fifth generation of European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)atmospheric reanalysis of the global climate(ERA5),Global Precipitation Climatology Centre(GPCC),Climatic Research Unit gridded Time Series Version 4.07(CRU TS v4.07,hereafter CRU),and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM))based on the following statistical indicators:correlation coefficient,root mean square error(RMSE),relative bias(RB),mean absolute error(MAE),probability of detection(POD),false alarm ratio(FAR),and equitable threat score(ETS).The results showed that precipitation in Northwest China was generally high in the east and low in the west,and exhibited an increasing trend from 1979 to *** with the station observations,ERA5 showed a larger spatial distribution difference than the other *** overall overestimation of multi-year average precipitation was approximately 200.00 mm and the degree of overestimation increased with increasing precipitation *** multi-year average precipitation of GPCC and CRU was relatively close to that of station *** trend of annual precipitation of TRMM was overestimated in high-altitude regions and the eastern part of Lanzhou with more *** the monthly scale,GPCC performed well but underestimated precipitation in the Tarim Basin(RB=-4.11%),while ERA5 and TRMM exhibited poor accuracy in high-altitude ***5 had a large bias(RB≥120.00%)in winter months

关键词： precipitation products the fifth generation of European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)atmospheric reanalysis of the global climate(ERA5) Global Precipitation Climatology Centre(GPCC) Climatic Research Unit gridded Time Series(CRU TS) Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM) applicability evaluation Northwest China

Reaction behavior of MgO refractory with high-Mn and high-Al steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第6期31卷 1389-1398页

作者： Ling-zhong Kong Lin Zu Jie Yang Xi-min Zang Xin Yang ming kang School of Materials and Metallurgy University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan 114051LiaoningChina

To understand the mechanism of the interfacial reaction between high-Mn and high-Al steel and MgO refractory,a series of laboratory experiments as well as thermodynamic calculations were *** effects of Mn and Al contents in the steel and the reaction time on the interfacial reaction were *** was observed that the erosion of the MgO refractory is caused by the reaction of Al and Mn in the steel with MgO in the refractory,which would lead to the formation of(Mn,Mg)O·Al_(2)O_(3) spinel and(Mn,Mg)O solid *** formation mechanism of the spinel and solid solution is as *** Al in the steel firstly reacts with MgO in the refractory to generate MgO·Al_(2)O_(3) spinel,and then,the spinel reacts with Mn in the steel to form(Mn,Mg)O·Al_(2)O_(3) ***,the MnO in the spinel reacts with the MgO in the inner refractory to form(Mn,Mg)O solid *** addition,only(Mn,Mg)O·Al_(2)O_(3) spinel is present in the interfacial reaction layer of the refractory when the Al content in the steel is sufficient.

关键词： High-Mn high-Al steel MgO refractory Reaction behavior Spinel

Tandem catalysis on adjacent active motifs of copper grain boundary for efficient CO_(2) electroreduction toward C2 products

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第7期31卷 219-223,I0006页

作者： Tao Luo kang Liu Junwei Fu Shanyong Chen Hongmei Li Junhua Hu min Liu Hunan Joint International Research Center for Carbon Dioxide Resource Utilization State Key Laboratory of Powder MetallurgySchool of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083HunanChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450002HenanChina

Copper (Cu) is a special electrocatalyst for CO_(2) reduction reaction (CO_(2)RR) to multi-carbon *** introducing grain boundaries (GBs) into Cu-based catalysts is an efficient strategy to improve the selectivity of C^(2+) ***,it is still elusive for the C^(2+) product generation on Cu GBs due to the complex active *** this work,we found that the tandem catalysis pathway on adjacent active motifs of Cu GB is responsible for the enhanced activity for C^(2+)production by first principles *** electronic structure analysis shows,the d-band center of GB site is close to the Fermi level than Cu(100) facet,the Cu atomic sites at grain boundary have shorter bond length and stronger bonding with*CO,which can enhance the adsorption of*CO at GB ***,CO_(2)protonation is more favorable on the region Ⅲ motif (0.84 e V) than at Cu(100) site (1.35 e V).Meanwhile,the region Ⅱ motif also facilitate the C–C coupling (0.72 e V) compared to the Cu(100) motif (1.09 e V).Therefore,the region Ⅲ and Ⅱ motifs form a tandem catalysis pathway,which promotes the C^(2+)selectivity on Cu *** work provides new insights into CO_(2)RR process.

关键词： Cu(100)facet Grain boundary CO_(2)electroreduction C2+products Tandem catalysis

Machine Learning for Detecting Blood Transfusion Needs Using Biosignals

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第8期46卷 2369-2381页

作者： Hoon Ko Chul Park Wu seong kang Yunyoung Nam Dukyong Yoon Jinseok Lee Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Electronics and InformationKyung Hee UniversityYongin17104Korea Department of Internal Medicine Wonkwang University School of MedicineIksan54538Korea Department of Trauma Surgery Jeju Regional Trauma CenterCheju Halla General HospitalJeju63127Korea Department of Computer Science and Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics Yonsei University College of MedicineYongin03722Korea

Adequate oxygen in red blood cells carrying through the body to the heart and brain is important to maintain *** those patients requiring blood,blood transfusion is a common procedure in which donated blood or blood components are given through an intravenous ***,detecting the need for blood transfusion is time-consuming and sometimes not easily diagnosed,such as internal *** study considered physiological signals such as electrocardiogram(ECG),photoplethysmogram(PPG),blood pressure,oxygen saturation(SpO2),and respiration,and proposed the machine learning model to detect the need for blood transfusion *** the model,this study extracted 14 features from the physiological signals and used an ensemble approach combining extreme gradient boosting and random *** model was evaluated by a stratified five-fold crossvalidation:the detection accuracy and area under the receiver operating characteristics were 92.7%and 0.977,respectively.

关键词： Blood transfusion ECG PPG pulse transit time blood pressure machine learning

Changes on optical coherence tomography angiography and fluorescein angiography in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第11期15卷 1837-1844页

作者： So min Ahn Mihyun Choi Cheolmin Yun seong-Woo Kim Jaeryung Oh Department of Ophthalmology Korea University College of MedicineSeoul 02841Republic of Korea

AIM:lo evaluate the changes on optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA) and fluorescein angiography(FA) and their correlation in neovascular agerelated macular degeneration(nAMD) before and after intravitreal aflibercept injections(IAIs).METHODS:In 43 treatment-na?ve patients with nAMD,choroidal neovascularization(CNV) in OCTA were morphologically and quantitatively analyzed before and after IAIs to determine whether they are correlated with leakage on FA or *** combining CNV in OCTA and leakage in FA,lesions were characterized as three types:L+C+(with both CNV and leakage),L-C+(with CNV but without leakage),or L+C-lesion(with leakage outside CNV).RESULTS:Before IAI,while 27 eyes had L+C+lesion only,16 eyes had both L+C+and L-C+lesions *** capillaries and anastomosis in CNV were more developed in L+C+lesion,at 86.0% and58.1%,respectively,relative to 9.3% and 9.3% in L-C+lesions(P<0.001).After IAIs in 33 eyes,tiny capillaries and anastomosis were decreased in the lesions with cessation of leakage on FA(P<0.001 and P=0.001,respectively).In quantitative analysis,neovascularization length and numbers of junctions and endpoints were also significantly ***:Leakage on FA is associated with CNV morphology in OCTA and remained so after ***,by carefully assessing the morphological and quantitative changes of CNV in OCTA before and after treatment,activity of nAMD is expected even though CNV on OCTA is not completely matched with fluorescein leakage.

关键词： choroidal neovascularization fluorescein angiography leakage neovascular age-related macular degeneration optical coherence tomography angiography

Aerodynamic actuation characteristics of radio-frequency discharge plasma and control of supersonic flow

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Chinese Physics B 2019年第2期28卷 321-330页

作者： Zhen Yang Hui-min Song Hong-Yu Wang Shan-Guang Guo min Jia kang Wang Science and Technology on Plasma Dynamics Laboratory Air Force Engineering University

In this paper, aerodynamic actuation characteristics of radio-frequency(RF) discharge plasma are studied and a method is proposed for shock wave control based on RF discharge. Under the static condition, a RF diffuse glow discharge can be observed; under the supersonic inflow, the plasma is blown downstream but remains continuous and ***-resolved schlieren is used for flow field visualization. It is found that RF discharge not only leads to continuous energy deposition on the electrode surface but also induces a compression wave. Under the supersonic inflow condition, a weak oblique shock wave is induced by discharge. Experimental results of the shock wave control indicate that the applied actuation can disperse the bottom structure of the ramp-induced oblique shock wave, which is also observed in the extracted shock wave structure after image processing. More importantly, this control effect can be maintained steadily due to the continuous high-frequency(MHz) discharge. Finally, correlations for schlieren images and numerical simulations are employed to further explore the flow control mechanism. It is observed that the vortex in the boundary layer increases after the application of actuation, meaning that the boundary layer in the downstream of the actuation position is thickened. This is equivalent to covering a layer of low-density smooth wall around the compression corner and on the ramp surface, thereby weakening the compressibility at the compression corner. Our results demonstrate the ability of RF plasma aerodynamic actuation to control the supersonic airflow.

关键词： radio-frequency(RF) discharge plasma surface discharge flow control aerodynamic actuation

Assessment of driver compliance on roadside safety signs with auditory warning sounds generated from pavement surfaceea driving simulator study

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2018年第1期5卷 1-13页

作者： min-Wook kang Salah Uddin Momtaz Department of Civil Coastal and Environmental Engineering University of South Alabama Mobile AL 36688 USA Department of Civil Environmental and Construction Engineering University of Central Florida Orlando FL 32816 USA

A variety of word messages are used in highways in different forms to inform drivers of traffic safety information or to influence positively drivers＇ behavior. These include direct word messages for a particular event （such as road work） or general safety messages that warn drivers of risky driving behaviors （such as distracted driving and speeding）. However, it is often observed that many drivers even do not recognize the safety messages despite being displayed on roadside signs in a fairly good visibility condition. The present study focused on an engineering method, namely auditory warning sound （AWS）, which calls driver＇s attention on driving tasks and helps them comply with roadside safety signs. A driving simulator experiment was conducted to assess effects of AWS on driver compliance to roadside safety signs. AWS was implemented into driving simulator scenarios as a parameter to generate a certain level of growling warning sounds when subject vehicles are entering within a legi- bility distance of a roadside safety sign. The present study described laboratory setup and data for the driving simulator experiment, and drew conclusions on driver compliance to roadside safety signs with and without presence of AWS. The experiment results show that drivers are more compliant to roadside safety signs when AWS is used. It is expected that AWS will greatly help drivers comply with roadside safety signs where a specific safety concern is raised, such as a work-zone or a drowsy driving advisory zone.

关键词： Driver compliance Auditory warning sounds Roadside safety signs Driving simulator

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石煤钒矿的钡盐焙烧—酸浸提钒工艺研究

湿法冶金 2025年第1期44卷 17-24页

作者：吴天骄康敏李和付顾天宇郭拴全郭梅宁新霞西安西北有色地质研究院有限公司陕西西安710054 陕西省矿产资源综合利用工程技术研究中心陕西西安710054 山阳秦鼎矿业有限责任公司陕西商洛726403

针对含钒物相以绢云母为主、钒以类质同象形式赋存的石煤钒矿,研究了用重晶石焙烧—酸浸工艺从中提取钒,考察了磨矿细度、重晶石用量、焙烧温度、焙烧时间、液固体积质量比、硫酸用量、浸出温度及浸出时间对钒浸出率的影响。结果表明:... 详细信息

针对含钒物相以绢云母为主、钒以类质同象形式赋存的石煤钒矿,研究了用重晶石焙烧—酸浸工艺从中提取钒,考察了磨矿细度、重晶石用量、焙烧温度、焙烧时间、液固体积质量比、硫酸用量、浸出温度及浸出时间对钒浸出率的影响。结果表明:石煤钒矿磨矿细度为-200目占比70%、重晶石用量5%、焙烧温度850℃、焙烧时间16 h、液固体积质量比2/1、硫酸用量8%、浸出温度25℃和浸出时间2 h条件下,钒浸出率可达89%以上,浸出效果较好。

关键词：石煤钒矿焙烧重晶石提钒酸浸

Resveratrol prevents hypoxia-induced retinal ganglion cell death related with ErbB2

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第3期15卷 394-400页

作者： Hyemin seong Joo Yeon Jeong Jinhyun Ryu Juyeong Park Yong‑Seop Han Hyun-Kyung Cho seong Jae Kim Jong Moon Park Sang Soo kang seong Wook Seo Department of Ophthalmology Institute of Health SciencesCollege of MedicineGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuGyeongnam 52727Republic of Korea Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science Institute of Health SciencesCollege of MedicineGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuGyeongnam 52727Republic of Korea Department of Ophthalmology Gyeongsang National University Changwon HospitalGyeongsang National UniversityCollege of MedicineChangwon 51472Republic of Korea

AIM: To confirm the changes in proteins related with hypoxia-induced retinal cell death and to assess the effects of resveratrol(Res).METHODS: The therapeutic effect of Res was verified using an ischemic/reperfusion(I/R) model in vivo and a hypoxia modelin retinal ganglion cells(RGCs) in *** of RGCs were confirmed by TUNEL *** expression was confirmed by Western blotting and *** addition, flow cytometric analysis was used to confirm the response in the cell unit to obtain more accurate ***: ErbB2 expression and apoptosis in the ganglion cell layer(GCL) increased after I/R *** of Res rescued I/R-induced ganglion cell death, downregulated apoptosis and ErbB2 protein expression in the *** subsequent in vitro models, Res affects apoptosis by regulating the phosphorylation and expression of mouse double minute 2 homolog(MDM2), along with those of *** results suggest that Res reverses GCL-specific apoptosis via downregulation of ErbB2 in ischemic ***: In light of Res favorable properties, it should be evaluated in the treatment of RGC death and related retinal disease characterized by ErbB2 and MDM2 ***, Res is appropriate therapeutic agent for treating ischemic injury-related eye diseases by targeting the expression of ErbB2 and MDM2.

关键词： ischemia/reperfusion injury hypoxia retinal ganglion cell resveratrol ErbB2