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network Traffic Obfuscation System for IIoT-Cloud Control Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第9期72卷 4911-4929页

作者： Yangjae Lee Sung Hoon Baek Jung Taek seo Ki-Woong Park SysCore Lab. Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Computer System Engineering Jungwon UniversityChungcheongbuk-do28024Korea Department of Computer Engineering Gachon UniversityGyeonggi-do13120Korea

One of the latest technologies enabling remote control,operational efficiency upgrades,and real-time big-data monitoring in an industrial control system(ICS)is the IIoT-Cloud ICS,which integrates the Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)and the cloud into the *** an ICS benefits from the application of IIoT and the cloud in terms of cost reduction,efficiency improvement,and real-time monitoring,the application of this technology to an ICS poses an unprecedented security risk by exposing its terminal devices to the outside *** adversary can collect information regarding senders,recipients,and prime-time slots through traffic analysis and use it as a linchpin for the next attack,posing a potential threat to the *** address this problem,we designed a network traffic obfuscation system(nTOS)for the IIoT-Cloud ICS,based on the requirements derived from the ICS characteristics and limitations of existing nTOS *** a strategy to solve this problem wherein a decrease in the traffic volume facilitates traffic analysis or reduces the packet transmission speed,we proposed an nTOS based on packet scrambling,wherein a packet is split into multiple pieces before transmission,thus obfuscating network *** minimize the ICS modification and downtime,the proposed nTOS was designed using an agentbased *** addition,for the ICS network traffic analyzer to operate normally in an environment wherein the nTOS is applied,a rule-based nTOS was adopted such that the actual traffic flow is known only to the device that is aware of the rule and is blocked for *** experimental results verified that the same time requested for response and level of difficulty of analysis were maintained by the application of an nTOS based on packet scrambling,even when the number of requests received by the server per second was *** network traffic analyzer of the ICS can capture the packet flow by using the pre-communicated nTOS *** addition,by designing an n

关键词： Cloud computing system moving-target defense container orchestration

Characteristics of odorous carbonyl compounds in the ambient air around a fishery industrial complex of Yeosu,Korea

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第10期24卷 1785-1789页

作者： Zhongkun Ma Junmin Jeon Sangchai Kim Sangchul Jung Woobum Lee seonggyu seo Department of Environmental System Engineering Chonnam National University50 Daehak-roYeosu 550-749Republic of Korea Department of Civil&Environmental Engineering Suncheon First CollegeSan 9-3 Dokwol-DongSuncheon 540-744Republic of Korea Department of Environmental Education Molcpo National University61 Dorim RiCheonggye MyeonMuan 534-729Republic of Korea Department of Environmental Engineering Sunchon National University315 Maegok-DongSuncheon 540-742Republic of Korea

In this study, the amounts of odorous carbonyl compounds （OCCs） including acetaldehyde （Acet-A）, propionaldehyde （Pron-A）, butylaldehyde （Buty-A）, iso-valeric aldehyde （Iso-Vale-A） and n-valeric aldehyde （n-Vale-A） emitted from a fishery industrial complex near the exhibition facilities of ＂Expo 2012 Yeosu Korea＂ were measured. Acet-A was found to be the most abundant OCC, and the total concentrations of the OCCs were the highest in the summer. However, due to vehicular exhaust and photochemical reactions, the concentrations of some of the OCCs presented their highest levels in the fall. A significant correlation between Acet-A and Buty-A was found at the major fishery facilities （r = 0.816, p = 1.87E-15, n = 60） and at the border areas （r = 0.809, p = 3.40E-12, n = 48） of this fishery industrial complex. The concentrations of OCCs at the border areas were not worse than those at the urban areas in other places, indicating that the concentrations of ambient OCCs at the border areas were not greatly influenced by manmade activities.

关键词： fishery industrial complex odorant carbonyl compounds acetaldehyde seasonal variation

A hardware-based algorithm for virtual machine provisioning in a private cloud

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Journal of Central South University 2014年第11期21卷 4291-4295页

作者： Amol JAIKAR Gyeong-Ryoon KIM Dada HUAnG seo-Young nOH Grid and Supercomputing Department University of Science and TechnologyDaejeon national Institute of Supercomputing and networking Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information

Cloud computing is becoming a key factor in the market day by day. Therefore, many companies are investing or going to invest in this sector for development of large data centers. These data centers not only consume more energy but also produce greenhouse gases. Because of large amount of power consumption, data center providers go for different types of power generator to increase the profit margin which indirectly affects the environment. Several studies are carried out to reduce the power consumption of a data center. One of the techniques to reduce power consumption is virtualization. After several studies, it is stated that hardware plays a very important role. As the load increases, the power consumption of the CPU is also increased. Therefore, by extending the study of virtualization to reduce the power consumption, a hardware-based algorithm for virtual machine provisioning in a private cloud can significantly improve the performance by considering hardware as one of the important factors.

关键词： virtualization virtual machine algorithm power consumption data center

The Spatial Effects of Antenna Configuration in a Large Area Inductively Coupled Plasma System for Flat Panel Displays

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Plasma Science and Technology 2014年第8期16卷 758-766页

作者： seon-Geun OH Young-Jun LEE Jae-Hong JEOn Jong-Hyeon seo Hee-Hwan CHOE School of Electronics Telecommunication and Computer EngineeringKorea Aerospace University Department of Material Science and Engineering Korea Aerospace University

Spatial distributions of plasma parameters such as electron density, electron temperature and electric potential were investigated using a commercial simulation software （COMSOLTM） to predict the effects of antenna configuration in a large area inductively cou- pled plasma （ICP） system for flat panel displays. nine planar antenna sets were evenly placed above a ceramic window. While the electron density was influenced by both the input current and gas pressure, the electron temperature and electric potential were dominantly affected by the gas pressure.

关键词： plasma ICP antenna configuration simulation

3D engineered tissue models for studying human-specific infectious viral diseases

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第3期21卷 576-594页

作者： Kyeong seob Hwang Eun U seo nakwon Choi Jongbaeg Kim Hong nam Kim Brain Science Institute Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul02792Republic of Korea School of Mechanical Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul03722Republic of Korea Yonsei-KIST Convergence Research Institute Yonsei UniversitySeoul03722Republic of Korea Division of Bio-Medical Science&Technology KIST SchoolKorea University of Science and Technology(UST)Seoul02792Republic of Korea KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea UniversitySeoul02841Republic of Korea

Viral infections cause damage to various organ systems by inducing organ-specific symptoms or systemic multi-organ *** on the infection route and virus type,infectious diseases are classified as respiratory,nervous,immune,digestive,or skin *** these infectious diseases can widely spread in the com-munity and their catastrophic effects are severe,identification of their causative agent and mechanisms un-derlying their pathogenesis is an urgent *** infection-associated mechanisms have been studied in two-dimensional(2D)cell culture models and animal models,they have shown limitations in organ-specific or human-associated pathogenesis,and the development of a human-organ-mimetic system is ***,three-dimensional(3D)engineered tissue models,which can present human organ-like physiology in terms of the 3D structure,utilization of human-originated cells,recapitulation of physiological stimuli,and tight cell–cell interactions,were ***,recent studies have shown that these models can recapitulate infection-associated *** this review,we summarized the recent advances in 3D engineered tissue models that mimic organ-specific viral ***,we briefly described the limitations of the current 2D and animal models in recapitulating human-specific viral infection ***,we provided an overview of recently reported viral infection models,focusing particularly on organ-specific infection ***,a future perspective that must be pursued to reconstitute more human-specific infectious diseases is presented.

关键词： 3D engineered tissue model Infectious viral disease Infection route Pathology In vivo-mimicking

Enhancement parameters of contrast-enhanced computed tomography for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Correlation with pathologic grading

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第28期26卷 4151-4158页

作者： Woorim seo Young Chul Kim seon Jeong Min Sang Min Lee Department of Radiology Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart HospitalGyeonggi-do 18450South Korea Department of Radiology Hallym University Sacred Heart HospitalGyeonggido 14068South Korea

BACKGROUnD Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDA)is a malignancy with a high mortality rate and short survival *** conventional computed tomography(CT)has been worldwide used as a modality for diagnosis of PDA,as CT enhancement pattern has been thought to be related to tumor angiogenesis and pathologic grade of *** To evaluate the relationship between the pathologic grade of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and the enhancement parameters of contrast-enhanced *** In this retrospective study,42 patients(Age,mean±SD:62.43±11.42 years)with PDA who underwent surgery after preoperative CT were *** radiologists evaluated the CT images and calculated the value of attenuation at the aorta in the arterial phase and the pancreatic phase(VAarterial and VApancreatic)and of the tumor(VTarterial and VTpancreatic)by finding out four regions of *** between the tumor and the aorta enhancement on the arterial phase and the pancreatic phase(TARarterial and TARpancreatic)was figured out through dividing VT arterial by VAarterial and VTpancreatic by ***-to-aortic enhancement fraction(TAF)was expressed as the ratio of the difference between attenuation of the tumor on arterial and parenchymal images to that between attenuation of the aorta on arterial and pancreatic *** Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance and Mann-Whitney U test for statistical analysis were *** Forty-two PDAs(23 men and 19 women)were divided into three groups:Welldifferentiated(n=13),moderately differentiated(n=21),and poorly differentiated(n=8).TAF differed significantly between the three groups(P=0.034)but TARarterial(P=0.164)and TARpancreatic(P=0.339)did *** median value of TAF for poorly differentiated PDAs(0.1011;95%CI:0.01100-0.1796)was significantly higher than that for well-differentiated PDAs(0.1941;95%CI:0.1463-0.3194).COnCLUSIOn Calculation of TAF might be useful in predicting the pathologic grade of PDA.

关键词： Computed tomography Pancreatic ductal carcinoma Diagnostic imaging Clinical pathology neoplasm grading Prognosis

Performance evaluations on inner vs. outer decomposition first parallel join algorithms for two nested loop joins

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Journal of Central South University 2014年第10期21卷 3873-3882页

作者： seo-Young nOH Heejun YOOn Il-Yeon YEO Yoon-su JEOnG Hyungwoo PARK national Institute of Supercomputing and networking Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Department of Information Communication Engineering Mokwon University

Two popular traditional join algorithms and their parallel versions are introduced. When designing join algorithms in serial computing environment, decomposing inner relation is considered as the right direction to save disk I/Os. However, two different decomposition algorithms are compared, such as inner vs. outer decomposition first algorithms for tuple-based and block-based nested loop joins, showing that the proposed approach is 20% better than general approach. Also lemmas are proved, when we have to use the outer decomposition first parallel join algorithms.

关键词： parallel join performance inner decomposition outer decomposition

High-performance flexible BiCMOS electronics based on single-crystal Si nanomembrane

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npj Flexible Electronics 2017年第1期1卷 1-7页

作者： Jung-Hun seo Kan Zhang Munho Kim Weidong Zhou Zhenqiang Ma Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Electrical Engineering University of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTX 76019USA Department of Materials Design and Innovation University at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14260USA

In this work,we have demonstrated for the first time integrated flexible bipolar-complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(BiCMOS)thin-film transistors(TFTs)based on a transferable single crystalline Si nanomembrane(Si nM)on a single piece of bendable plastic *** n-channel,p-channel metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors(n-MOSFETs&P-MOSFETs),and nPn bipolar junction transistors(BJTs)were realized together on a 340-nm thick Si nM layer with minimized processing complexity at low cost for advanced flexible electronic *** fabrication process was simplified by thoughtfully arranging the sequence of necessary ion implantation steps with carefully selected energies,doses and anneal conditions,and by wisely combining some costly processing steps that are otherwise separately needed for all three types of *** types of TFTs demonstrated excellent DC and radio-frequency(RF)characteristics and exhibited stable transconductance and current gain under bending ***,Si nM-based flexible BiCMOS TFTs offer great promises for high-performance and multifunctional future flexible electronics applications and is expected to provide a much larger and more versatile platform to address a broader range of ***,the flexible BiCMOS process proposed and demonstrated here is compatible with commercial microfabrication technology,making its adaptation to future commercial use straightforward.

关键词： BiCMOS bipolar performance

Anti-apoptotic effect of banhasasim-tang on chronic acid reflux esophagitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第25期23卷 4644-4653页

作者： Mi-Rae Shin Hyo-Jin An Bu-Il seo seong-Soo Roh Department of Pharmacology College of Korean Medicine Sangji University Department of Herbology College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany University

To evaluate the anti-apoptotic effect of banhasasim-tang (BHSST) on chronic acid reflux esophagitis (CARE) using a rat model. METHODSA surgically-induced CARE model was established in Sprague-Dawley rats. The modeled rats were divided into a treatment group or untreated group, and given BHSST (1 g/kg body weight per day) or water, respectively, for 15 consecutive days (n = 7 each group). Changes in expression of proteins related to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (nADPH) oxidase and apoptosis were assessed by western blotting. Changes in esophageal pathology were analyzed by gross and histological examinations. RESULTSThe CARE exposure modeled rats showed increased levels of the nADPH oxidase subunit, nOX4 and p47phox in the esophagus. The BHSST treatment completely resolved these CARE-related increases. The CARE rats also showed markers of cytokine stress, including elevated levels of TnF-α and reactive oxygen species as well as of the consequent increase in JnK activation, and subsequent decrease in pro-survival gene expression, such as of Bcl-2. BHSST treatment resolved the CARE-related changes. BHSST also exerted an anti-apoptotic effect, as evidenced by altered expression of the apoptosis-related genes for bax, cytochrome c, and caspase 3. Finally, the BHSST treatment markedly ameliorated the CARE-related esophageal mucosal ulcerations. COnCLUSIOnIn the rat model of CARE, BHSST can suppress development of esophageal mucosal ulceration via regulation of reactive oxygen species-dependent apoptosis.

关键词： Banhasasim-tang Chronic acid reflux esophagitis Reactive oxygen species Esophageal ulcer Apoptosis