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Behavior of Surrounding Soil during Construction and Its Countermeasures Using Pipe Jacking Method in Deep Strata

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Open Journal of Geology 2013年第2期3卷 44-48页

作者： Takashi senda Hideki Shimada Takashi Sasaoka Kikuo Matsui Department of Earth Resources Engineering Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan

In Japan when urban infrastructures need to be constructed, the difficulty of utilizing the ground or shallow strata will lead to a more frequent use of the deep strata. The common construction methods are open-cut, pipe jacking, and shield methods. In recent years, a new pipe jacking method has been established that can be adapted to 20 m below the ground or more. Using this method, the drivage machine and the jacking pipe continue to move an underground until the completion of the driving. Therefore an over-cutting area (so-called tail-void) must be formed to lower the friction between the ground and the pipe. The tail-void is filled with lubrications. However, because the stress release from the ground continues to advance when the tail-void is formed, hence there are some challenges required to cope with the stability of the surrounding ground. In order to utilize the pipe jacking method in the deeper strata layers, the theory, analysis and installation of tail-void have to be systemized, and such systematic data must be stored. Therefore, the conditions of tail-void in the deep pipe jacking method are discussed using numerical analyses.

关键词： Pipe Jacking System Deep Strata Tail-Void

Development of Breakup Model for Large Eddy Simulation of Diesel Spray

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第12期7卷 2312-2320页

作者： Tatsunori Fujii Koji Kitaguchi Soichi Hatori Tsukasa Hori Jiro senda Department of Mechanical Engineering Doshisha University Kyoto 610-0394 Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Osaka University Osaka 565-0871 Japan

Diesel spray is injected at high pressure. So, upper stream region of spray is high Weber number condition. However, even if the fuel is injected at high pressure, the downstream region of spray is corresponding to relatively low Weber number condition. Thus, KH （Kelvin-Helmholtz） model modeled for high Weber number conditions and MTAB （modified Taylor analogy breakup） model are used for primary and secondary breakup processes respectively. This study is focused on the development of new hybrid breakup model The calculations are performed by LES （large eddy simulation） incorporated into KIVA code. LES of non-evaporating diesel spray are performed using KH ＆ RT （Rayleigh-Taylor） model, MTAB model and KH-MTAB model. Then, LES with these models were compared with experimental results. As the result, the availability of KH-MTAB model is showed. It is found that KH-MTAB is good agreement with experimental results of penetration and SMD （Sauter mean diameter） in relatively low density conditions.

关键词： Diesel spray spray structure large eddy simulation breakup model KH-MTAB model.

i-Gel Supraglottic Airway for Inexperienced Anesthesia Residents

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2013年第2期3卷 64-66页

作者： Mariko senda Tokujiro Uchida Hiroyuki Kobinata Koichi Nakazawa Koshi Makita Department of Anesthesiology Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan

i-gel (Intersurgical Ltd., Wokingham, UK) is a new supraglottic airway device with a cuff made of thermoplastic elastomer gel. We retrospectively studied easiness of insertion and troubles in ventilation when this device was used by less experienced anesthesiologists. Consecutive eleven cases undergoing surgery under general anesthesia were studied. i-gel was successfully inserted in 7 cases (63%) at the first attempt, 2 cases at the second attempt without changing the size. In one case, the size was changed at the second attempt, which resulted in the successful insertion. There was one case of failed insertion even at the second attempt. Fiberoptic observation of the glottis showed direct contact of the cuff to the arytenoids cartilage in cases with successful insertion, however, spastic glottis, defined as contact of vocal cords was observed in 4 cases, and down-folding of the epiglottis was observed in 2 cases. During maintenance of anesthesia, ventilation trouble was observed in 3 cases. We conclude that i-gel should only be used with sufficient knowledge, preparations, skills or support from experienced physician to solve problems related to the safe use of supraglottic airway devices.

关键词： Supraglottic Airway Device i-Gel Airway Management

Compared with insulin glargine, insulin degludec narrows the day-to-day variability in the glucose-lowering effect rather than lowering blood glucose levels

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2013年第4期3卷 244-251页

作者： Susumu Ogawa Kazuhiro Nako Masashi Okamura Miho senda Takuya Sakamoto Sadayoshi Ito Division of Nephrology Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine Tohoku University Hospital Sendai Japan

Background: Changes in the day-to-day variability in the glucose-lowering effect of insulin [fluctuations of blood glucose levels (BG) seen during the same time period] that occur when insulin glargine (glargine) is replaced with insulin degludec (degludec) have not been sufficiently evaluated. Subjects: Five diabetics with unstable BG undergoing basal-bolus treatment using insulin glargine as basal insulin. Methods: Basal insulin was changed from glargine to same-dose degludec. The subjects’ HbA1c, glycoalbumin, and 1.5-anhydro-D-glucitol were measured before and after the switchover. Fasting blood glucose concentration (FBG) and predinner blood glucose concentration (PDBG) were measured continuously for 28 days immediately before the switchover, and 28 days immediately thereafter, to compare and evaluate 1) the changes in their mean values and standard deviations (SDs) before and after the switchover, and 2) the frequency of appearance of BG of over 180 mg/dL (BG ≥ 180) and under 70 mg/dL (BG Results: The levels of HbA1c, glycoalbumin, FBG’s mean value, SDs, BG ≥ 180 and BG Conclusion: The possibility was shown that degludec, to a greater extent than glargine, suppressed daily fluctuations of FBG and PDBG, suppressed the occurrence frequency of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, and exerted more steady hypoglycemic actions.

关键词： Degludec Glargine Hyperglycemia Hypoglycemia The Day-to-Day Variability in the Glucose-Lowering Effect of Insulin

Urinary type IV collagen excretion predicts an increased urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio in normoalbuminuric patients with diabetes

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2012年第4期2卷 413-426页

作者： Susumu Ogawa Masato Matsushima Masashi Okamura Miho senda Takuya Sakamoto Kazuhiro Nako Sadayoshi Ito Division of Clinical Epidemiology Jikei University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan Division of Nephrology Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine Tohoku University Hospital Sendai Japan

Aims: We evaluated whether urinary excretion of type IV collagen (U-COL) may predict an increase in the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) and what factors regulate U-COL in 145 normoalbuminuric patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: We measured HbA1c, systolic blood pressure (SBP), urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 at start of this study (Baseline), ACR and U-COL in addition to these measurements at one year later (Evaluation-1), and ACR and SBP after two years of the Evaluation-1 (Evaluation-2). The relationships were investigated between the increase of ACR and the U-COL. The effect of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) treatment on the correlations between U-COL and ACR at Evaluation-2 on one hand, and between U-COL and percent change of ACR on the other, was also analyzed. Furthermore, we investigated whether the increase in 8-OHdG and in MCP-1 in a year prior to the Evaluation-1 were risk factors of the rise in U-COL levels. Results: Both U-COL and SBP at Evaluation-1, but not ARB treatment, were independent risk factors for an increased ACR after 2 years. ARB treatment significantly suppressed the increase in ACR after 2 years in patients with higher U-COL excretion. The percentage changes in 8-OHdG (%8-OHdG) and MCP-1 (%MCP-1) in one year prior to Evaluation-1 measurements are independent risk factors for U-COL. HbA1c and SBP values one year prior to Evaluation-1 are independent risk factors not only for %8-OHdG but also, for baseline U-COL. The %8-OHdG is an independent risk factor for %MCP-1. Conclusions: U-COL may predict an increase in the ACR. The U-COL seems to be increased with oxidative stress and inflammation induced by past hyperglycemia.

关键词： Type IV Collagen Diabetic Nephropathy Oxidative Stress Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1

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钢网印刷用于太阳电池正面电极制备

制造业自动化 2014年第4期36卷 130-133页

作者：刘玉海杜学国 Nakayama Kazutaka senda Shinji 陈旭天津大学化工学院天津300072 巨力新能源股份有限公司徐水072550 2300 Higashiyama

采用特制的不锈钢网布,细栅部分100%开孔,栅线线宽50μm,网版寿命可达6万次,并实现了高度均匀、高的高宽比的栅线;采用"process B"方案,通过主栅和副栅两次印刷,降低了银浆耗用量从而降低了成本;最终采用较高的发射区方块电阻、较多的... 详细信息

采用特制的不锈钢网布,细栅部分100%开孔,栅线线宽50μm,网版寿命可达6万次,并实现了高度均匀、高的高宽比的栅线;采用"process B"方案,通过主栅和副栅两次印刷,降低了银浆耗用量从而降低了成本;最终采用较高的发射区方块电阻、较多的栅线条数,太阳电池的串联电阻下降0.002Ω,平均效率同比提高0.2%-0.3%,批量电池平均转化效率达到了17.5%。

关键词：晶体硅电池丝网印刷网版方块电阻转换效率

燕雀亚科鸟类的贝叶斯系统发生:非洲鹂雀的分类地位及朱雀属的进化与异质起源(英文)

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动物学报 2007年第5期53卷 826-834页

作者： Antonio ARNAIZ-VILLENA Juan MOSCOSO Valentin RUIZ-DEL-VALLE Javier GONZALEZ Raquel reguera Michael WINK Juan I.SERRANO-VELA Department of Immunology Universidad ComplutenseThe Madrid Regional Blood Center Institut für Pharmazie und Molekulare Biotechnologie-Abteilung Biologie Universitt Heidelberg

鹂雀(Linurgus olivaceus)是非洲热带森林中一种独特的鸣禽,为鹂雀属(Linurgus)的惟一物种。在已有的研究中,通过对鹂雀和雀形目现存鸟类中每个科及亚科至少一个物种的线粒体DNA序列测定,分析了鹂雀与其它现存雀形目鸟类的系统发生关系... 详细信息

鹂雀(Linurgus olivaceus)是非洲热带森林中一种独特的鸣禽,为鹂雀属(Linurgus)的惟一物种。在已有的研究中,通过对鹂雀和雀形目现存鸟类中每个科及亚科至少一个物种的线粒体DNA序列测定,分析了鹂雀与其它现存雀形目鸟类的系统发生关系;在遗传上,对鹂雀与金丝雀、金翅雀及燕雀亚科其它鸟类亦有比较研究。本研究共使用了燕雀亚科83种鸟类,重点对该亚科的系统发生进行了修订。使用贝叶斯法构建了系统发生树,结果表明:鹂雀属于燕雀亚科,系统发生树中聚在金翅雀族(Carduelini),与金丝雀属(Serinus)、金翅雀属(Carduelis)及交嘴雀属(Loxia)的种类形成一组;在系统发生中,鹂雀可能是一个基部物种,它同金丝雀属和金翅雀属鸟类一同进化并分歧出来。在本研究中未能涉及的一些已灭绝种类,可能与鹂雀有着较近的遗传学关系。另一方面,研究也表明锡嘴雀(Coccotharustes coccothraustes)肯定包括在欧亚蜡嘴雀(蜡嘴雀属Eophona和拟蜡嘴雀属Mycerobas)中,美洲的朱雀(Carpodacus)可能是从亚洲种类分歧出来并经过进化辐射形成。

关键词：朱雀锡嘴雀蜡嘴雀家朱雀鹂雀雀形目鸣禽

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顶管支撑注浆和润滑注浆机理

非开挖技术 2013年第2期 87-92页

作者： Takashi senda 阎锡东 Department of Earth Resources Engineering Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan

如果在管道和开挖土层之间维持一个断续存在的润滑面的话，他的润滑作用可以有效地减少由于超前切割而导致的必要的顶力。润滑剂必须被用来在土体周围形成一个层，用于克服地下水压力，稳定超前开挖区。润滑剂应该填满完成的超前切割区... 详细信息

如果在管道和开挖土层之间维持一个断续存在的润滑面的话，他的润滑作用可以有效地减少由于超前切割而导致的必要的顶力。润滑剂必须被用来在土体周围形成一个层，用于克服地下水压力，稳定超前开挖区。润滑剂应该填满完成的超前切割区使土层沉降最小。然而，需要阐明的是，对于一个有效地商业润滑荆来说，那些材料如钠和钾是应该被淘汰的。结果就是，对于一个润滑剂来说，它既不能失去作为一种支撑剂克服超前切割区的上覆土层压力，又能够减小顶力，因此有必要研发一种质量更好的润滑剂尽可能快得克服这些困难。从此种观点出发，一种由表面活性剂和粉煤灰混合而成的润滑剂材料就研发出来。本文重点关注其使土壤变形最小化的作用。尤其是在稳定管道和开挖土层的尾部空隙土层的稳定性并且检验了这种材料能够减小顶阻力的特性，完成一系列的试验来比较传统的传统的润滑材料和新的新的掺由粉煤灰的材料。

关键词：顶管注浆支持润滑

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TWAC活性阴极的发展

江苏氯碱 1990年第4期 9-16页

作者： senda.,A 陶应云