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Cultured meat from muscle stem cells: A review of challenges and prospects

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第2期14卷 222-233页

作者： Isam T Kadim Osman Mahgoub senan baqir Bernard Faye Roger Purchas Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences Sultan Qaboos UniversityMuscat PC. 123 Sultanate of Oman Department of Biology College of Science Sultan Qaboos UniversityMuscat PC. 123 Sultanate of Oman FAO Consultant Camel ProjectAl-Kharj 11941 Saudi Arabia Institute of Food Nutrition & Human Health Massey University Palmerston North Private Bag 11 222New Zealand

Growing muscle tissue in culture from animal stem cells to produce meat theoretically eliminates the need to sacrifice animals. So-called ＂cultured＂ or ＂synthetic＂ or ＂in vitro＂ meat could in theory be constructed with different characteristics and be produced faster and more efficiently than traditional meat. The technique to generate cultured muscle tissues from stem cells was described long ago, but has not yet been developed for the commercial production of cultured meat products. The technology is at an early stage and prerequisites of implementation include a reasonably high level of consumer acceptance, and the development of commercially-viable means of large scale production. Recent advancements in tissue culture techniques suggest that production may be economically feasible, provided it has physical properties in terms of colour, flavour, aroma, texture and palatability that are comparable to conventional meat. Although considerable progress has been made during recent years, important issues remain to be resolved, including the characterization of social and ethical constraints, the fine-tuning of culture conditions, and the development of culture media that are cost-effective and free of animal products. Consumer acceptance and confidence in in vitro produced cultured meat might be a significant impediment that hinders the marketing process.

关键词： cultured meat conventional meat environmental impact stem cells

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Face Mask Detection Using Machine Learning

Face Mask Detection Using Machine Learning

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作者： MUHAMMAD baqir ALI 西安理工大学

学位级别：硕士

面部识别系统,通常用于通过身份验证服务来验证用户,是一种能够将数字图像或视频帧中的人脸与人脸数据库相匹配的技术。它通过识别和测量给定图像中的面部特征来工作。作为计算机应用的一种类型,类似系统的工作开始于20世纪60年代。面... 详细信息

面部识别系统,通常用于通过身份验证服务来验证用户,是一种能够将数字图像或视频帧中的人脸与人脸数据库相匹配的技术。它通过识别和测量给定图像中的面部特征来工作。作为计算机应用的一种类型,类似系统的工作开始于20世纪60年代。面部识别系统自创建以来已经被更广泛地用于机器人技术、其他形式的技术,以及智能手机上。计算机化的面部识别系统属于生物统计学的范畴,因为它们需要测量人的生理特征。在现代世界中,公共和商业机构都使用面部识别技术。以往的各种人脸识别系统由于效率低下和其效果也各不相同而被人们放弃研究和使用。在近现代代,面部识别作为一种使用生物识别验证的系统,是识别程序中不可或缺的。面部的唯一特征被用于生物识别系统,以验证个人的身份。生物识别验证程序通过行为和生理特征来帮助识别个人。生理特征或生物统计学将利用虹膜(属于人类的特征)、指纹和脸部。在行为阶段,该系统依赖于人类固有的特征,如笔迹或声音。面部识别在需要安全的系统和一些执行法律的目的中是普遍存在的。此外,自2019年的新冠肺炎疫情大流行以来,全国乃至全世界的大多数人都使用上了口罩来隔绝病毒,降低感染的风险。目前人脸识别系统对于所有的安全机构来说变得更加必要,如机场、警察、军队和不同的高风险地区。人脸识别系统也是医院的普遍需要来检测不同的面孔是否戴着面罩,如果检测到未戴口罩的人系统会自动发出提示,警示人们戴上口罩以保证自己和他人的安全。由于FaceID被用来解锁iPhone,许多人对人脸识别技术很熟悉(这只是人脸识别的一个应用)。通常情况下,人脸识别并不依赖一个庞大的图像数据库来识别一个人的身份;相反,它只是检测到一个人是设备的唯一拥有者,并以此来识别他们并且限制其他人的访问。面部识别技术广泛应用与手机解锁、手机支付中,其工作原理是将经过特殊摄像头的人的脸与观察名单上的人的照片进行比较。其中的观察名单可能包括任何人的图像,甚至那些没有被怀疑有不法行为的人,而且图像可能来自任何来源,例如我们的社交媒体账户。虽然有许多不同的面部技术系统,但它们的功能通常比较单一。无论一张脸是单独出现的的还是出现在一群人中,摄像头都能识别和定位。从照片中我们可以看到人的面部主体要么盯着正前方,要么是侧面,由于二维图像可能更容易与公共照片或数据库中的照片相匹配,大多数面部识别技术都使用的是二维图像而不是三维图像。计算机程序会分析照片中人脸的各个部位的特征,例如面部几何形状、两眼之间的空间、眼窝的深度、额头到下巴的距离、颧骨的弧度以及嘴唇、耳朵和下巴的形状,这些程序是判别人脸是否为观察名单的重要依据。为了区分观察名单的脸,认识面部标志是很重要的。根据受试者的面部特征,面部捕捉程序将模拟信息(面部信息)转换成数字信息(数据信息)集合。实际上是计算机从对人的脸部扫描产生的一个唯一的数据模型,因此每个人都有一个独特的面部指纹,类似于每个人都有着独一无二的拇指指纹。然后,一个由其他已知面孔组成的数据库被用来与受试者的脸部指纹进行比较。例如,联邦调查局可以访问多达6.5亿张图片,这些图片是从各州的数据库中提取的。任何在Facebook上被标记了名字的图像都会被添加到Facebook的数据库中,该数据库也能够进行面部识别。如果受试者的脸部指纹与面部识别数据库中的图片相匹配,计算机程序就会做出判断。面部识别被认为是所有生物识别评估中最自然的。鉴于我们通常通过观察自己和他人的脸而不是拇指指纹或虹膜来识别他们,面部识别具有直观的意义。据估计,面部识别技术经常与世界上一半以上的人口互动。近年来,人脸识别机制的安全性从机场到智能手机都得到了重视。之所以流行,是因为这种安全系统的灵活性和准确性。然而,人们已经能够利用3D打印口罩、化妆程序和通过口罩欺骗系统。世界卫生组织(WHO)建议在佩戴口罩时,调整口罩以覆盖口腔、鼻子和下巴。如果不正确佩戴口罩,防护效果将显著降低。几乎每一种安全措施都有其固有的特点,因此安全机制总是存在一些反措施和威胁。其中一些元素设计了一种操纵人脸识别系统的方法。通过使用3D打印人脸技术,面具由硬葡萄干组成,并根据所需的面部特征(如头发、纹理和肤色)进行模压。该工具通过向摄像机展示虚假的面罩来协调人脸识别方法。在脸上涂抹maximalist化妆品可能会影响系统的面部识别。如果一个人脸上覆盖着特别的化妆品,那么系统很难识别这个人。人脸的显著特征是帽子的形状、鼻梁和眼睛的深度。同样,脸上戴着珠宝和其他重要物品的人也会对系统的识别构成挑战。2019冠状病毒疾病大流行迫使人们捂住脸,以降低社会上的疾病风险。这给人脸识别机制识别和分类人脸带来了巨大挑战。NIST显示,联合国必须的图像与同一问题的大量图像之间的匹配度约为50%。即使使用了最好的面部识别算法,结果也没有太大变化。在同一项NIST研究中,强调了与蓝色遮罩相比,

关键词：转移学习 CNN 面罩检测人脸识别图像检测机器学习图像处理精确人脸检测模型生物特征

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Diffuse cystic lung diseases

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Frontiers of Medicine 2013年第3期7卷 316-327页

作者： Jay H.Ryu Xinlun Tian Misbah baqir Kaifeng Xu Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA Division of Respiratory Medicine Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijing 100730China

Diffuse cystic lung diseases are uncommon but can present a diagnostic challenge because increasing number of diseases have been associated with this *** in the lung is defined as a round parenchymal lucency with a well-defined thin wall(<2 mm thickness).Focal or multifocal cystic lesions include blebs,bullae,pneumatoceles,congenital cystic lesions,traumatic lesions,and several infectious processes such as coccidioidomycosis,Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia,and hydatid disease.“Diffuse”distribution in the lung implies involvement of all *** lung involvement with cystic lesions can be seen in pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis,pulmonary Langerhans’cell histiocytosis,lymphoid interstitial pneumonia,Birt-Hogg-Dubésyndrome,amyloidosis,light chain deposition disease,honeycomb lung associated with advanced fibrosis,and several other rare causes including metastatic ***-resolution computed tomography of the chest helps define morphologic features of the lung lesions as well as their distribution and associated features such as intrathoracic *** the tempo of the disease process and clinical context with chest imaging findings serve as important clues to defining the underlying nature of the cystic lung disease and guide diagnostic evaluation as well as management.

关键词： cyst lung disease interstitial lung disease lymphangioleiomyomatosis Langerhans’cell histiocytosis Birt-Hogg-Dubésyndrome

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The Effect of Injected Air Bubble Size on the Thermal Performance of a Vertical Shell and Helical Coiled Tube Heat Exchanger

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Energy Engineering 2021年第6期118卷 1595-1609页

作者： Saif S.Hasan Ali Sh.baqir Hameed B.Mahood Engineering Technical College Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical UniversityAl-Najaf31001Iraq Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildfordGU27XHUK

In the present study,the effect of injecting air bubble size on the thermal performance of a vertical counter-current shell and coiled tube heat exchanger is experimentally *** experiments were accomplished in a cylindrical shape heat exchanger with a 50 cm height and 15 cm outer *** coil with 3.939 m equivalent length and 0.6 cm outer diameter was used to carry the hot fluid(water).Four different cold fluid(shell side)flow rates(Q_(s)=2;4;6 and 8 LPM)Þunder laminar flow conditions(316≤Re≤1223),constant hot(coil side)flow rate fluid rates(Q_(h)=1 LPM),four different injected air flow rates(Q_(a)=0:5;1;1:5 and 2 LPM),invariant temperature difference(ΔT=20°C),and constant bubble’s number(1400)were *** demonstrate the effect of bubble size,a sparger with orifice diameters of 0.1,0.8,and 1.5 mm was manufactured and used in the *** overall heat transfer coefficient(U),NTU,effectiveness,and pressure loss were *** experimental results clearly showed that the heat exchanger’s thermal efficiency significantly improved with increasing the shell side flow rate and the injected air flow *** maximum improvement in U,NTU,and effectiveness was 153%,153%,and 68%,*** thermal performance of the heat exchanger was shown to be improved with increasing the bubble *** the latter finding agrees with recent CFD published results,more studies need to be confirmed.

关键词： Sparger smooth helical coil vertical shell heat exchanger injection bubbles

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Machine Learning Based Psychotic Behaviors Prediction from Facebook Status Updates

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 2411-2427页

作者： Mubashir Ali Anees baqir Hafiz Husnain Raza Sherazi Asad Hussain Asma Hassan Alshehri Muhammad Ali Imran Department of Management Information and Production EngineeringUniversity of BergamoBergamo24129Italy Department of Environmental Sciences Informatics and StatisticsCa’Foscari University of VeniceVenice30123Italy School of Computing and Engineering University of West LondonLondonW55RFUK Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences University of BergamoBergamo24129Italy Durma College of Science and Humanities Shaqra UniversityShaqra11961Saudi Arabia School of Engineering University of GlasgowGlasgowG128QQUK

With the advent of technological advancements and the widespread Internet connectivity during the last couple of decades,social media platforms(such as Facebook,Twitter,and Instagram)have consumed a large proportion of time in our daily *** tend to stay alive on their social media with recent updates,as it has become the primary source of interactionwithin social *** social media platforms offer several remarkable features but are simultaneously prone to various critical *** studies have revealed a strong correlation between the usage of social media and associated mental health issues consequently leading to depression,anxiety,suicide commitment,and mental disorder,particularly in the young adults who have excessively spent time on socialmedia which necessitates a thorough psychological analysis of all these *** study aims to exploit machine learning techniques for the classification of psychotic issues based on Facebook status *** this paper,we start with depression detection in the first instance and then expand on analyzing six other psychotic issues(e.g.,depression,anxiety,psychopathic deviate,hypochondria,unrealistic,and hypomania)commonly found in adults due to extreme use of social media *** classify the psychotic issues with the user’s mental state,we have employed different Machine Learning(ML)classifiers i.e.,Random Forest(RF),Support Vector Machine(SVM),Naïve Bayes(NB),and K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN).The used ML models are trained and tested by using different combinations of features selection *** observe themost suitable classifiers for psychotic issue classification,a cost-benefit function(sometimes termed as‘Suitability’)has been used which combines the accuracy of the model with its execution *** experimental evidence argues that RF outperforms its competitor classifiers with the unigram feature set.

关键词： Psychotic behaviors mental health socialmedia machine learning

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Infectious diseases in the aftermath of monsoon flooding in Pakistan

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第1期2卷 76-79页

作者： Maryam baqir Zain A Sobani Amyn Bhamani Nida Shahab Bham Sidra Abid Javeria Farook M Asim Beg Aga Khan University Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry Dow University of Health Sciences Department of Pathology and Microbiology Aga Khan University

Pakistan is ranked 9th in terms of flood-affected countries *** the summer of 2010,the northern province of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa received more than 312 mm of rain in a 56 hour *** resulted in over 1 600 deaths across the *** addition,over 14 million people were directly affected by this record-breaking *** affected regions serve as ideal breeding grounds for pathogens,leading to the spread of *** poor standards of hygiene in camps set up for individuals displaced by the floods also contribute to *** is essential that those involved in relief efforts are aware of the epidemiology of diseases that have historically seen a sudden upsurge after natural *** this in mind,we conducted a simple review of *** extensive literature search was conducted using the PubMed data base and online search *** published in the last 20 years were considered along with some historical articles where a background was *** major diseases were identified to increase substantially in the aftermath of natural *** were then classified into acute and sub-acute ***,skin&eye infections and leptospirosis were identified in the acute setting while malaria,leishmaniasis,respiratory infections and hepatitis were identified in the sub-acute setting.

关键词： Infectious diseases Moosoon flooding Pakistan Epidemiology Natural disaster Acute setting Sub-acute setting Malaria

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巴基斯坦学生汉语结构词“的、地、得”偏误及教学研究

巴基斯坦学生汉语结构词“的、地、得”偏误及教学研究

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作者： Syed Muhammad baqir Mehdi 四川师范大学

学位级别：硕士

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A case of cellulitis of the hands caused by a predatory bird attack

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011年第2期1卷 166-168页

作者： M Adil Abbas Khan Mohammed Farid Zain A Sobani Syed Nadir Ali Huzaifa Malick Maryam baqir Hasanat Sharif M Asim Beg Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University Hospital Birmingham NHS TrustSelly Oak Hospital Medical College Aga Khan University Department of Surgery Aga Khan University Department of Pathology and Microbiology Aga Khan University

Many species have been drastically affected by rapid ***' s hawks from their natural habitat of open spaces and a supply of rodents,lizards and other small prey have been forced to change their natural environment adapting to living in open spaces in sub-and periurban *** areas include playgrounds,parks and school *** migration of this predatory species into these areas poses a risk to individuals,and especially the children are often attacked by claws,talons and beaks intentionally or as collateral damage while attacking rodent *** addition,the diverse micro-organisms harbored in the beaks and talons can result in wound infections,presenting a challenge to clinical *** we would like to present a case of an 80-year-old man with cellulitis of bom hands after sustaining minor injuries from the talons of a Harris s hawk and review the management *** would also like to draw attention to the matter that,even though previously a rarity,more cases of injuries caused by birds of prey may be seen in hospital settings.

关键词： Harris hawk Predatory birds Deforestation Urbanization

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Clinical,pathological,and adjuvant chemotherapy use differences among microsatellite unstable and microsatellite stable colon cancers

Journal of the National Cancer Center

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Journal of the National Cancer Center 2024年第2期4卷 169-175页

作者： baqir Hasan Jafry Munir Hassan Buhaya Allante Milsap Amy Little Jones Suleyman Yasin Goksu Nilesh Verma Timothy JBrown Amy Hughes Rasmi Nair Nina Sanford Joseph Su Emina Huang Syed Mohammad Ali Kazmi Department of Hematology and Oncology University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasUSA Department of Surgery University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasUSA West Suburban Medical University ChicagoUSA Peter O’Donnell Jr.School of Public Health University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasUSA Department of Radiation Oncology University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasUSA

Background:Colon cancers are categorized into mismatch repair deficient/microsatellite unstable(MSI-H)and mismatch repair proficient/microsatellite stable(MSS)*** study aims to compare the disease char-acteristics and trends in the utilization of cancer therapies across different age groups and stages in these two ***:MSI-H and MSS colon adenocarcinomas from 2010 to 2016 were identified using the National Can-cer *** compared patient and disease characteristics between the two groups and evaluated the use of adjuvant chemotherapy across age groups and cancer *** MSI-H and MSS groups,we conducted a land-mark analysis after propensity score matching for adjuvant chemotherapy versus no chemotherapy to determine its effect on ***:Of the 542,368 patients that met inclusion criteria,120,751(22%)had mismatch repair results avail-able-out of these 96,928(80%)had MSS colon cancers while 23,823(19.7%)had MSI-H ***-H disease had a bimodal age distribution(<40 years=22%;≥75 years=26%)and was frequent among females(22%)and non-Hispanic Whites(20%).Among those<65 years,15%of low-risk stage 2 MSI-H patients and 40%of high-risk stage 2 MSI-H patients received adjuvant *** than two-thirds of stage 3 patients<65 years received adjuvant chemotherapy in both *** conducting propensity-score matching for age,gender,and co-morbidities,we found that adjuvant chemotherapy use had a trend towards lower overall survival(OS)in low-risk stage 2 MSI-H(HR=1.8[95%CI,0.8-4.02])and high-risk stage 2 MSI-H(HR=1.42[95%CI,0.96-2.12])*** chemotherapy significantly improved OS in stage 3 colon cancer patients irrespective of microsatellite status or risk category of ***:MSI-H colon cancer had bimodal age *** stage 2 MSI-H patients<65 years,a notable proportion received adjuvant *** MSI-H stage 2 patients,adjuvant chemotherapy use was associated with lower survival wh

关键词： Adjuvant chemotherapy MSI-H MSS NCDB Overall survival

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类风湿性肺结节与肺恶性肿瘤相比的临床及影像特点

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国际医学放射学杂志 2019年第3期 374-374页

作者：罗嗣频 M.Koslow J.R.Young E.S.Yi M.baqir P.A.Decker G.B.Johhnson Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of MedicineMayo Clinic

摘要目的本研究旨在探寻区分肺类风湿性结节和恶性肿瘤性结节的临床和影像特点。方法对2001—2016年间梅奥诊所73例类风湿病人经组织学证实的类风湿结节和肺

关键词：类风湿性 CT 类风湿结节影像特点恶性肿瘤肺结节

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