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Foraging site recursion by forest elephants Elephas maximus borneensis

Current Zoology 2014年第4期60卷 551-559页

作者： Megan ENGLISH Marc ANCRENAZ Graeme GILLESPIE Benoit GOOSsenS sen nathan Wayne LINKLATER Centre for Biodiversity and Restoration Ecology School of Biological Sciences New Kirk Building Kelburn Parade Kelburn Campus Victoria University of Wellington 6012 New Zealand Hutan Kinabatangan Orangutan Conservation Project and Elephant Conservation Unit Sukau Kinabatangan Sabah Malaysia Zoology Department University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia Danau Girang Field Centre c/o Sabah Wildlife Department Wisma Muis 88100 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia Organisms and Environment Division School of Biosciences Cardiff University Sir Martin Evans Building Museum AvenueCardiff CF10 3AX UK Sabah Wildlife Department Wisma Muis 88100 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia Centre for African Conservation Ecology Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Port Elizabeth South Africa

Recursion by herbivores is the repeated use of the same site or plants. Recursion by wild animals is rarely investigated but may be ubiquitous. Optimal foraging theory predicts site recursion as a function of the quality of the site, extent of its last use, and time since its last use because these influence site resource status and recovery. We used GPS collars, behaviour and site sampling to investigate recursion to foraging sites for two elephant Elephas maximus borneensis herds in the Lower Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary, Borneo, over a 12 month period. Recursion occurred to 48 out of 87 foraging sites and was most common within 48 hours or between 151-250 days, indicating two different types ofrecursion. Recursion was more likely to occur if the site had previously been occupied for longer. Moreover, the time spent at a site at recursion was the same as the time spent at the site on the first occasion. The number of days that had passed between the first visit and recursion was also positively correlated with how much time was spent at the site at recursion. Habitat type also influenced the intensity of site-use, with more time spent at recursion within riverine/open grass areas along forest margins compared to other habitat types. Recursion is a common behaviour used by the elephants and its pattern suggests it may be a foraging strategy for revisiting areas of greater value. The qualities of recursion sites might usefully be incorporated into landscape management strategies for elephant conservation in the area [Current Zoology 60 （4）： 551-559, 2014].

关键词： Asian elephant Recursion Site re-use Herbivory Megaherbivore Optimal foraging

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Monitoring rapid urban expansion using a multi-temporal RGB-impervious surface model

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2012年第2期13卷 146-158页

作者： Amirreza SHAHTAHMASSEBI Zhou-lu YU Ke WANG Hong-wei XU Jin-song DENG Jia-dan LI Rui-sen LUO Jing WU nathan MOORE Institute of Agriculture Remote sensing and Information Technology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310029China Department of Geography Michigan State UniversityM148823USA

In this paper, we developed a novel method of combining remote sensing tools at the sub-pixel level for accurate identification of impervious surface time series changes. We examined the use of the red-green-blue impervious surface model (RGB-IS) in detecting time series internal modification of urban regions by integrating Landsat data collected over four different periods between 1987 and 2009 (i.e., 1987, 2000, 2002, and 2009). The performance of this approach was compared with two conventional methods, namely standard RGB-normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and post-classification technique. In contrast to conventional techniques, RGB-IS could monitor between-class changes, within-class changes, and location of these modifications. The proposed method was independent of seasonal changes and was also able to serve as a useful alternative for quick mapping growth hotspots and updating transportation corridor map. The results also showed that Cixi County, Zhejiang Province, China experienced tremendous impervious surface changes, especially along the corridors of newly constructed highways and around urban areas over the past 22 years.

关键词： Red-green-blue impervious surface model (RGB-IS). Multi-temnoral. Imnervious surface. Landsat

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Indirect traumatic optic neuropathy:modeling optic nerve injury in the context of closed head trauma

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第4期14卷 593-594页

作者： Emma G.Burke Shelby M.Cansler nathan K.Evanson Medical College of Georgia Augusta University Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati

Traumatic optic neuropathy:Traumatic brain injury is one of the leading causes of disability and mortality in the United *** impacts people of all ages and demographics,particularly younger males and members of the *** loss is commonly associated with traumatic brain injuries of all severities and can leave patients permanently *** vision loss can be caused by injury to the visual system at multiple levels,including the eyes,optic nerves,and many different sites in the brain and brainstem(sen,2017).Despite the far-reaching effects of visual impairment after traumatic brain injury,its incidence after traumatic brain injury is not well measured,and few successful treatments have been identified or implemented.

关键词： Traumatic optic neuropathy Traumatic brain injury disability and mortality

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Binding energies and interaction origins between nonclassical single-electron hydrogen,sodium and lithium bonds and neutral boron-containing radicals:a theoretical investigation

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第21期59卷 2597-2607页

作者： Zhifeng Li Xiaoping Yang nathan J.DeYonker Xianyan Xu Zhen Guo Cunyuan Zhao Key Laboratory for New Molecule Design and Function of Gansu Universities College of Life Science and ChemistryTianshui Normal University Department of Chemistry The University of MemphisMemphisTN 38152-3550USA School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Sun Yat-Sen University Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Synthetic ChemistryThe University of Hong Kong

Nonclassical single electron hydrogen,sodium and lithium bonds(SEHBs,senaBs and SELiBs)between single electron acceptors X–A(A=H,Na,Li;X=CN,HCC,HO,NC,CF3)and neutral radicals BY2(Y=H,OH,CH3)and have been systematically investigated by high level theoretical methods,such as second-order Mφller-Plesset perturbation theory(MP2),spin-component-scaled MφllerPlesset theory(SCS-MP2),the coupled cluster method with perturbative triples(CCSD(T)),and the correlation consistent composite approach(ccCA).Binding energies have been corrected for zero-point vibrational effects and(when applicable)basis set superposition *** quantum theory of atoms in molecules(AIM)and natural bond orbital(NBO)analyses were also employed to qualitatively characterize the single electron bond *** stabilization energy was partitioned via the localized molecular orbital energy decomposition analysis(LMOEDA)method,and both electrostatic and exchange interactions were seen to be major driving forces for the complex ***,the sum of the energy contributors of exchange(EEX),repulsion(EREP),polarization(EPOL),dispersion(EDIS)is close to zero and the changes in the interaction energy follow the trend of the electrostatic energy(EES).We observe several linear relationships among the optimized intermolecular parameters and the interaction energies of the various complexes.

关键词：相互作用能单电子非经典结合能中性债券能量分解分析 CCSD(T)

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基层医院白内障培训项目术后视力预后

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中山大学学报（医学科学版） 2010年第6期31卷 744-747页

作者：黄文勇康丹黄国富陈倩韵 nathan Congdon 何明光眼科学国家重点实验室//中山大学中山眼科中心预防眼科广东广州510060

【目的】了解基层医院眼科医生在接受中山眼科中心手把手培训期间所施行的白内障手术的患者术后视力以及影响视力的常见手术并发症。【方法】选取韶关市曲江区中医院和郁南县中医院两家县级医院作为目标医院,两名从无任何手术经验的术者... 详细信息

【目的】了解基层医院眼科医生在接受中山眼科中心手把手培训期间所施行的白内障手术的患者术后视力以及影响视力的常见手术并发症。【方法】选取韶关市曲江区中医院和郁南县中医院两家县级医院作为目标医院,两名从无任何手术经验的术者,在接受培训期间对患者施行了手法小切口白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入手术。对所有手术后超过3个月的患者并进行眼部临床检查。【结果】在518名符合入选条件的白内障术后患者中,共342名患者(66.02%,共385例术眼)来诊。其中26眼因存在与手术无关的视神经视网膜病变或晚期青光眼改变而不加入进一步数据分析。342名患者平均年龄为73.2(S8.8)岁,女性占62.28%。单眼手术301(77.19%)人,双眼手术41(12.2%)人。术后非矫正视力(UCVA)范围为0.1≤UCVA<0.3和UCVA<0.1者分别占9.74%和9.0%。术后针孔视力(做为最佳矫正视力,BCVA)范围为0.1≤BCVA<0.3和BCVA<0.1者分别占3.15%和4.3%。影响术后UCVA的原因主要包括屈光不正(56.34%)、无人工晶状体眼(18.31%)、散光(9.86%)、后囊膜混浊(8.45%),黄斑水肿(5.63%)及角膜混浊(1.41%)。【结论】基层医院医生接受手把手培训期间所施行的白内障手术的治疗效果良好。屈光不正是术后视力不良的主要原因。术前重视眼底疾病的诊断以及人工晶状体度数的准确测定有助于提高白内障手术的治疗质量和效果。

关键词：培训白内障手术术后低视力原因

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Responses of Arctic sea ice to stratospheric ozone depletion

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Science Bulletin 2022年第11期67卷 1182-1190页

作者： Jiankai Zhang Wenshou Tian John A.Pyle James Keeble nathan Luke Abraham Martyn P.Chipperfield Fei Xie Qinghua Yang Longjiang Mu Hong-Li Ren Lin Wang Mian Xu College of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China Department of Chemistry University of CambridgeCambridge CB21EWUK National Centre for Atmospheric Science Cambridge CB21EWUK School of Earth and Environment University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK College of Global Change and Earth System Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao) Qingdao 266237China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Institute of Tibetan Plateau&Polar MeteorologyChinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Center for Monsoon System Research Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

The Arctic has experienced several extreme springtime stratospheric ozone depletion events over the past four decades,particularly in 1997,2011 and ***,the impact of this stratospheric ozone depletion on the climate system remains poorly *** we show that the stratospheric ozone depletion causes significant reductions in the sea ice concentration(SIC)and the sea ice thickness(SIT)over the Kara Sea,Laptev Sea and East Siberian Sea from spring to *** is partially caused by enhanced ice transport from Barents-Kara Sea and East Siberian Sea to the Fram Strait,which is induced by a strengthened and longer lived polar vortex associated with stratospheric ozone ***,cloud longwave radiation and surface albedo feedbacks enhance the melting of Arctic sea ice,particularly along the coast of the Eurasian *** study highlights the need for realistic representation of stratosphere-troposphere interactions in order to accurately predict Arctic sea ice loss.

关键词：平流层臭氧东西伯利亚海北极海冰地表反照率喀拉海长波辐射拉普捷夫海海冰密集度

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AME证据系列001--转化医学协会:脓毒症诊断和早期识别的临床实践指南

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临床与病理杂志 2016年第10期36卷 1467-1476页

作者： Zhongheng Zhang nathan J.Smischney Haibo Zhang Sven Van Poucke Panagiotis Tsirigotis Jordi Rello Patrick M.Honore Win sen Kuan Juliet June Ray Jiancang Zhou You Shang Yuetian Yu Christian Jung Chiara Robba Fabio Silvio Taccone Pietro Caironi David Grimaldi Stefan Hofer George Dimopoulos Marc Leone Sang-Bum Hong Mabrouk Bahloul Laurent Argaud Won Young Kim Herbert D.Spapen Jose Rodolfo Rocco 张建成(译) 尚游(译) 钟鸣(校) Department of Emergency Medicine Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310016 Department of Critical Care Medicine Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang UniversityJinhua Zhejiang 321000 Department of Anesthesiology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science of St.Michael's Hospital Departments of Anesthesia and PhysiologyInterdepartmental Division of Critical Care MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada Departments of Anesthesiology Critical CareEmergency Medicine and Pain TherapyZiekenhuis Oost-Limburgy GenkBelgium 2nd Department of Internal Medicine Attikcon University HospitalMedical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece CIBERES Vall d'Hebron Institut of ResearchUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaSpain Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussely Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussels BrusselsBelgium Emergency Medicine Department National University HospitalNational University Health SystemSingapore and the Department of SurgeryYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery Jackson Memorial HospitalUniversity of Miami Leonard M.Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Critical Care Medicine Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310016 Department of Critical Care Medicine Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegueHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022 Department of Critical Care Medicine Renji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200001 University Hospital Dusseldorf Heinrich-Heine-University DusseldorfMedical FacultyDivision of CardiologyPulmonology and Vascular MedicineDusseldorfGermany Neurosciences Critical Care Unit Addenbrooke's HospitalCambridgeUK Department of Intensive Care Hopital ErasmeUniversite Libre de Bruxelles(ULB)BrusselsBelgium Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda-Ospedale

脓毒症是一种由感染引起的异质性疾病,感染触发了一系列复杂的局部或者全身的免疫炎症反应,引起多器官功能衰竭,发病率和病死率显著升高。由于至今仍然没有诊断脓毒症的金标准,所以脓毒症的临床诊断仍是一个难题。因此,脓毒症的临床诊... 详细信息

脓毒症是一种由感染引起的异质性疾病,感染触发了一系列复杂的局部或者全身的免疫炎症反应,引起多器官功能衰竭,发病率和病死率显著升高。由于至今仍然没有诊断脓毒症的金标准,所以脓毒症的临床诊断仍是一个难题。因此,脓毒症的临床诊断需要不断改变来满足临床和研究的要求。然而,尽管有许多新型的生物标记和筛选工具去预测脓毒症发生的风险,但是这些措施的诊断价值和有效性不足以让人满意,并且没有充分的证据去建议临床使用这些新技术。因此,脓毒症的临床诊断标准需要定期更新去适应不断产生的新证据。这篇综述旨在呈现当前脓毒症的诊断和早期识别方面的最新研究证据。临床运用不同的诊断方法的推荐意见依赖于推荐、评价、发展和评估分级体系(Grades of Recommendation Assessment,Development and Evaluation,GRADE),因为大部分的研究是观察性研究,并没有对这些方法进行可靠评估,采用的是两步推理方法。未来需要更多研究来确认或者反驳某一特殊的指标检测,同时应该直接采用相关病人的结果数据。

关键词：脓毒症早期识别诊断

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